WO2004042115A1 - Methods for inhibiting intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces - Google Patents

Methods for inhibiting intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004042115A1
WO2004042115A1 PCT/US2003/028266 US0328266W WO2004042115A1 WO 2004042115 A1 WO2004042115 A1 WO 2004042115A1 US 0328266 W US0328266 W US 0328266W WO 2004042115 A1 WO2004042115 A1 WO 2004042115A1
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Prior art keywords
recited
spray water
corrosion
reaction product
metal surfaces
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2003/028266
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stuart D. Klatskin
Steven Weeden
Dino Colarossi
Chris Austin
Original Assignee
Ge Betz, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ge Betz, Inc. filed Critical Ge Betz, Inc.
Priority to EP03749550A priority Critical patent/EP1558787B1/en
Priority to CA002504421A priority patent/CA2504421A1/en
Priority to AU2003267075A priority patent/AU2003267075B2/en
Priority to BRPI0315190-5A priority patent/BR0315190B1/en
Priority to KR1020057007590A priority patent/KR101058965B1/en
Priority to NZ540134A priority patent/NZ540134A/en
Priority to JP2004549947A priority patent/JP4424671B2/en
Priority to DE60312202T priority patent/DE60312202T2/en
Priority to UAA200505034A priority patent/UA80451C2/en
Publication of WO2004042115A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004042115A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
    • B22D11/1245—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling using specific cooling agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to the use of the reaction product of alkynediols and polyalkylene polyamine compounds to inhibit intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces in industrial water and process systems, which surfaces are in contact with spray water or condensation.
  • the microstructure of metals and alloys is made up of grains, separated by grain boundaries. Intergranular corrosion may be defined as localized attack along the grain boundaries, or immediately adjacent to grain boundaries. Such precipitation can produce zones of reduced corrosion resistance in the immediate vicinity.
  • Chromium-rich grain boundary precipitates lead to a local depletion of Cr adjacent to these precipitates, leaving these areas vulnerable to corrosive attack.
  • Exfoliation corrosion is a particular form of intergranular corrosion. Exfoliation or delamination presents itself as a loss of metal in layers that appear to follow grain boundaries along the surface.
  • the exfoliation in the casters for instance, occurs on the non-wetted structures of the lower segments where direct spray water contact does not occur.
  • the steel is exposed to a hot, humid environment in which the surfaces are wetted only by spray water mist or condensation. The corrosion propagates rapidly along the steel surfaces, resulting in the loss of structural integrity of the secondary supporting structure.
  • the mechanism for exfoliation corrosion is related to the presence of chlorides in the spray water.
  • mist steam
  • the heat and humidity evaporates the water from the steel surface, leaving behind a concentrated chloride ion. This process continues, concentrating more and more chloride ions to the point where exfoliation occurs.
  • Coupon analysis reveals that the corrosion mechanism occurs as follows: The chloride ion that is deposited on the metal surface migrates through the brittle layer of corrosion product/deposit that is generated. Under the deposit, a transient iron chloride salt is generated. The salt is hygroscopic (moisture absorbing) and undergoes hydrolysis, creating acid chloride conditions. Additional iron oxide corrosion products are left behind as the acidic corrosion front advances deeper into the metal surface.
  • the present invention is directed toward methods for inhibiting the intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces in industrial processing systems, e.g., steam and cooling water systems, which surfaces are in contact with spray water or condensation, which comprises adding to the spray water a sufficient corrosion inhibiting amount of the reaction product of an alkynediol and a polyalkylene polyamine.
  • the alkynediols and alkenediols taught to be effective in producing the reaction product are those containing four to twelve carbon atoms.
  • the alkynediols contain four carbon atoms.
  • An exemplary alkynediol is butynediol.
  • the polyalkylene polyamine compounds taught to be effective in producing the reaction product are those containing two to ten amine groups, and preferably, three to seven amine groups. These amine groups may be substituted or unsubstituted, and each is separated by an alkylene group having from one to six carbon atoms, with two to four being preferred.
  • Exemplary polyamines include ethylene diamine, diethylene triamine, pentaethylene hexamine, pentapropylene hexamine, triheptylene diamine, and the like.
  • the weight ratio of the reactants are such as to attain full reaction between the respective ingredients with weight ratios of amine to diol of 4:1 to 1 :1, with 3:1 being preferred.
  • An ionizable compound of copper, such as copper acetate, is employed in this reaction in catalytic amounts.
  • the reaction product of the present invention may be added to the spray water in an amount which is sufficient to inhibit corrosion of the metal surfaces.
  • the reaction product may be added to a supply line in an amount ranging from 0.5 parts to about 500 parts per million parts of water present in the supply line. Preferably, about 1 to 100 parts per million parts water are added, with about 5 to 10 parts per million parts water particularly preferred.
  • the reaction product of the present invention is added to the supply line in either a solvent or in neat form.
  • the reaction product is added in an aqueous solvent, of which water is an example.
  • the reaction product can be added to the spray water along with other suitable ingredients, such as antifoams, corrosion inhibitors, and the like.
  • the spray water is typically at a temperature of from about 110 - 180 °F in the systems to be treated.
  • the iron level was greatly reduced in the deposit.
  • a corrosion coupon was dipped in Product A and placed next to an untreated coupon in both the treated and untreated strands.
  • the dipped coupon showed very little corrosion, while the untreated coupon was exfoliated.
  • the treated strand there was a significant improvement in corrosion control versus the undipped coupon.
  • Coupons tested included: mild steel, stainless steel, copper and coated mild steel.
  • Coupon results are shown in Table 3, below. Coupons from Strand #2 showed signs of exfoliation, while coupons from Strand #1 showed only a general corrosion mechanism.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is directed toward the use of a reaction product of an alkynediol and a polyalkylene polyamine to inhibit intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces in industrial processing systems caused by spray water mist or condensation.

Description

METHODS FOR INHIBITING INTERGRANULAR CORROSION OF METAL
SURFACES
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to the use of the reaction product of alkynediols and polyalkylene polyamine compounds to inhibit intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces in industrial water and process systems, which surfaces are in contact with spray water or condensation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The microstructure of metals and alloys is made up of grains, separated by grain boundaries. Intergranular corrosion may be defined as localized attack along the grain boundaries, or immediately adjacent to grain boundaries. Such precipitation can produce zones of reduced corrosion resistance in the immediate vicinity.
An example of intergranular corrosion is the sensitization of stainless steels or weld decay. Chromium-rich grain boundary precipitates lead to a local depletion of Cr adjacent to these precipitates, leaving these areas vulnerable to corrosive attack.
Exfoliation corrosion is a particular form of intergranular corrosion. Exfoliation or delamination presents itself as a loss of metal in layers that appear to follow grain boundaries along the surface. The exfoliation in the casters, for instance, occurs on the non-wetted structures of the lower segments where direct spray water contact does not occur. The steel is exposed to a hot, humid environment in which the surfaces are wetted only by spray water mist or condensation. The corrosion propagates rapidly along the steel surfaces, resulting in the loss of structural integrity of the secondary supporting structure.
The mechanism for exfoliation corrosion is related to the presence of chlorides in the spray water. When used in the spray water system, the mist (steam) travels throughout the steam chamber and concentrates on steel surfaces. The heat and humidity evaporates the water from the steel surface, leaving behind a concentrated chloride ion. This process continues, concentrating more and more chloride ions to the point where exfoliation occurs.
Coupon analysis reveals that the corrosion mechanism occurs as follows: The chloride ion that is deposited on the metal surface migrates through the brittle layer of corrosion product/deposit that is generated. Under the deposit, a transient iron chloride salt is generated. The salt is hygroscopic (moisture absorbing) and undergoes hydrolysis, creating acid chloride conditions. Additional iron oxide corrosion products are left behind as the acidic corrosion front advances deeper into the metal surface.
In view of the forgoing, industry is looking for techniques and inhibitors to combat exfoliation corrosion present in industrial processing systems.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention is directed toward methods for inhibiting the intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces in industrial processing systems, e.g., steam and cooling water systems, which surfaces are in contact with spray water or condensation, which comprises adding to the spray water a sufficient corrosion inhibiting amount of the reaction product of an alkynediol and a polyalkylene polyamine.
The conditions under which the reaction product are formed are described in U.S. Patent No. 3,211,667, the contents of which are wholly incorporated herein.
The alkynediols and alkenediols taught to be effective in producing the reaction product are those containing four to twelve carbon atoms. Preferably, the alkynediols contain four carbon atoms. An exemplary alkynediol is butynediol.
The polyalkylene polyamine compounds taught to be effective in producing the reaction product are those containing two to ten amine groups, and preferably, three to seven amine groups. These amine groups may be substituted or unsubstituted, and each is separated by an alkylene group having from one to six carbon atoms, with two to four being preferred. Exemplary polyamines include ethylene diamine, diethylene triamine, pentaethylene hexamine, pentapropylene hexamine, triheptylene diamine, and the like.
The weight ratio of the reactants are such as to attain full reaction between the respective ingredients with weight ratios of amine to diol of 4:1 to 1 :1, with 3:1 being preferred. An ionizable compound of copper, such as copper acetate, is employed in this reaction in catalytic amounts.
The reaction product of the present invention may be added to the spray water in an amount which is sufficient to inhibit corrosion of the metal surfaces. The reaction product may be added to a supply line in an amount ranging from 0.5 parts to about 500 parts per million parts of water present in the supply line. Preferably, about 1 to 100 parts per million parts water are added, with about 5 to 10 parts per million parts water particularly preferred.
The reaction product of the present invention is added to the supply line in either a solvent or in neat form. Preferably, the reaction product is added in an aqueous solvent, of which water is an example. The reaction product can be added to the spray water along with other suitable ingredients, such as antifoams, corrosion inhibitors, and the like. The spray water is typically at a temperature of from about 110 - 180 °F in the systems to be treated.
The data set forth below demonstrate the unexpected results occasioned by use of this invention. The following examples are included as being an illustration of the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope thereof.
Examples
In order to inhibit the corrosion mechanism from occurring on metal surfaces, the addition of a filming material to isolate the surfaces from water and chlorides was postulated. The addition of 2-butyne-l, 4-diol-polyethylenepolyamine (Product A) reduced corrosion rates of steel significantly (as shown in Tables 1 and 2). In all tests, coupon trees were constructed, in order to place a variety of corrosion coupons within a spray chamber. The solution was injected into the supply line to the caster sprays. This distributed the material throughout the spray chamber.
Table 1 (coupons submitted for SEM)
Figure imgf000005_0001
The iron level was greatly reduced in the deposit.
Table 2 (coupons submitted for SEM)
Figure imgf000005_0002
The results showed that while the chloride concentration was similar for both the untreated (5%) and treated side (6%), the other components were dramatically different. The iron level on the untreated side was 88%: the level of exfoliation was also significant. On the treated side, the iron level was only 23% and exfoliation was not present. The treated side had 52% calcium, indicating the presence of corrosion inhibition.
In additional tests, a corrosion coupon was dipped in Product A and placed next to an untreated coupon in both the treated and untreated strands. In the untreated strand, the dipped coupon showed very little corrosion, while the untreated coupon was exfoliated. In the treated strand there was a significant improvement in corrosion control versus the undipped coupon.
In other testing of the present invention, alternative coupon trees were constructed. Coupons tested included: mild steel, stainless steel, copper and coated mild steel.
A single set of mild steel coupons was removed after eight days as an initial inspection. Coupon results are shown in Table 3, below. Coupons from Strand #2 showed signs of exfoliation, while coupons from Strand #1 showed only a general corrosion mechanism.
Table 3 - Eight day Coupon Results (mpy)
Figure imgf000006_0001
As further shown in Table 4 below, there was a significant reduction in the rate of corrosion on the corrosion coupon tree in Strand #1, where Product A was injected. Product A was fed at 15 ppm through the system. Mild steel corrosion rates were reduced by approximately 50 to 80% on most of the locations. As above, coupons from Strand #2 showed signs of exfoliation, while coupons from Strand #1 showed only a general corrosion mechanism (exfoliation was not present).
Table 4 - Coupon Corrosion Results (mpy)
Figure imgf000007_0001
Note that all of the remaining coupons were either stainless steel or coated coupons; no significant corrosion was visible on any of these coupons. Additionally, the treatment of the present invention did not adversely impact nozzle performance in the spray water system.
While this invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments thereof, it is apparent that numerous other forms and modifications of this invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The appended claims and this invention generally should be construed to cover all such obvious forms and modifications which are within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A method for inhibiting the intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces in industrial processing systems, which surfaces are in contact with spray water, which comprises adding to the spray water a sufficient corrosion inhibiting amount of the reaction product of an alkynediol and a polyalkylene polyamine.
2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said intergranular corrosion is exfoliation corrosion.
3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said metal surfaces comprise continuous caster surfaces.
4. The method as recited in claim 2, wherein said exfoliation corrosion occurs on metal surfaces wetted by spray water mist or condensation.
5. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said alkynediol contains an alkyne group having from about 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
6. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said alkynediol is butynediol.
7. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said polyalkylene polyamine contains from 2 to 10 amine groups, each separated from another by an alkylene group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
8. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said polyalkylene polyamine is pentaethylene hexamine.
9. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said reaction product is added to said spray water in an amount ranging from 0.5 parts to about 500 parts per million parts water.
10. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said spray water is at a temperature from about 110°F to about 180°F.
11. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said reaction product is added to said spray water in an aqueous solvent.
12. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said metal surfaces are iron- containing metal surfaces.
13. The method as recited in claim 9, wherein said reaction product is added to said spray water in an amount ranging from 1 parts to about 100 parts per million parts water.
14. The method as recited in claim 13, wherein said reaction product is added to said spray water in an amount ranging from 5 parts to about 10 parts per million parts Λvater.
15. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said industrial processing systems comprise steam and cooling water systems.
PCT/US2003/028266 2002-10-30 2003-09-10 Methods for inhibiting intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces WO2004042115A1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03749550A EP1558787B1 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-09-10 Methods for inhibiting intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces
CA002504421A CA2504421A1 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-09-10 Methods for inhibiting intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces
AU2003267075A AU2003267075B2 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-09-10 Methods for inhibiting intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces
BRPI0315190-5A BR0315190B1 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-09-10 Method to inhibit intergranular corrosion on metal surfaces in industrial processing systems.
KR1020057007590A KR101058965B1 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-09-10 How to suppress grain boundary corrosion on metal surfaces
NZ540134A NZ540134A (en) 2002-10-30 2003-09-10 Inhibiting intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces using reaction products of alkynediols and polyalkylene polyamine compounds
JP2004549947A JP4424671B2 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-09-10 Method for suppressing intergranular corrosion on metal surfaces
DE60312202T DE60312202T2 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-09-10 METHOD OF INHIBITING THE INTERKRISTALLINE CORROSION OF METAL SURFACES
UAA200505034A UA80451C2 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-10-09 Method for inhibiting intercrystalline corrosion on metal surfaces

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US10/283,457 2002-10-30
US10/283,457 US20040086419A1 (en) 2002-10-30 2002-10-30 Methods for inhibiting intergranular corrosion of metal surfaces

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DE (1) DE60312202T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2282654T3 (en)
NZ (1) NZ540134A (en)
PL (1) PL376482A1 (en)
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UA (1) UA80451C2 (en)
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MD307Z (en) * 2010-04-27 2011-07-31 Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы Inhibitor of steel corrosion in the water
RU2754326C1 (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-09-01 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Башкирский государственный университет" Method for producing bis-imidazolines and their derivatives based on pentaethylene hexamines for corrosion protection of oilfield equipment and pipelines
RU2754319C1 (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-09-01 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Башкирский государственный университет" Method for obtaining corrosion inhibitors based on tetrapropylene pentamines for oilfield equipment and pipelines

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GB894386A (en) * 1959-04-20 1962-04-18 Continental Oil Co Polyamine-diol reaction products and corrosion inhibiting compositions containing same
US3113113A (en) * 1958-11-07 1963-12-03 Armour & Co Corrosion inhibitor compositions
US3152187A (en) * 1960-04-13 1964-10-06 Continental Oil Co Condensation product of unsaturated diols and polyalkylene polyamines and method of preparation thereof
US3211667A (en) * 1960-04-13 1965-10-12 Continental Oil Co Corrosion inhibition
FR2477923A1 (en) * 1980-03-11 1981-09-18 Compiegne Universite Technolog Water spray cooling process, esp. in continuous casting - with addn. of ions to water to reduce wear of rolls
DE3317126A1 (en) * 1983-05-06 1984-11-08 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Process for the prevention of acid corrosion on continuous casting plants
US5173213A (en) * 1991-11-08 1992-12-22 Baker Hughes Incorporated Corrosion and anti-foulant composition and method of use
US5311925A (en) * 1993-11-12 1994-05-17 Nalco Chemical Company Magnesium hydroxide to prevent corrosion caused by water spray in continuous casting

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US2923599A (en) * 1958-03-26 1960-02-02 Universal Oil Prod Co Water-soluble corrosion inhibitors
US3320318A (en) 1963-08-19 1967-05-16 Continental Oil Co Thiobenzene-diol-polyamine corrosion inhibiting composition
CA2123936C (en) * 1994-04-06 2005-12-27 Bruno E. Morin Methods of inhibiting water corrosion in crude oil pipelines

Patent Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3113113A (en) * 1958-11-07 1963-12-03 Armour & Co Corrosion inhibitor compositions
GB894386A (en) * 1959-04-20 1962-04-18 Continental Oil Co Polyamine-diol reaction products and corrosion inhibiting compositions containing same
US3152187A (en) * 1960-04-13 1964-10-06 Continental Oil Co Condensation product of unsaturated diols and polyalkylene polyamines and method of preparation thereof
US3211667A (en) * 1960-04-13 1965-10-12 Continental Oil Co Corrosion inhibition
FR2477923A1 (en) * 1980-03-11 1981-09-18 Compiegne Universite Technolog Water spray cooling process, esp. in continuous casting - with addn. of ions to water to reduce wear of rolls
DE3317126A1 (en) * 1983-05-06 1984-11-08 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Process for the prevention of acid corrosion on continuous casting plants
US5173213A (en) * 1991-11-08 1992-12-22 Baker Hughes Incorporated Corrosion and anti-foulant composition and method of use
US5311925A (en) * 1993-11-12 1994-05-17 Nalco Chemical Company Magnesium hydroxide to prevent corrosion caused by water spray in continuous casting

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AU2003267075B2 (en) 2009-06-25
RU2005116268A (en) 2006-02-10
EP1558787B1 (en) 2007-02-28
RU2320778C2 (en) 2008-03-27
UA80451C2 (en) 2007-09-25
DE60312202D1 (en) 2007-04-12
NZ540134A (en) 2006-10-27
US20040086419A1 (en) 2004-05-06
PL376482A1 (en) 2005-12-27
BR0315190B1 (en) 2013-02-05
ES2282654T3 (en) 2007-10-16
CA2504421A1 (en) 2004-05-21
CN1714173A (en) 2005-12-28
ZA200503934B (en) 2006-08-30
JP4424671B2 (en) 2010-03-03
JP2006504870A (en) 2006-02-09
AU2003267075A1 (en) 2004-06-07
CN100425735C (en) 2008-10-15
BR0315190A (en) 2005-08-23
KR20050083872A (en) 2005-08-26
DE60312202T2 (en) 2007-10-31
KR101058965B1 (en) 2011-08-23
EP1558787A1 (en) 2005-08-03
ATE355402T1 (en) 2006-03-15

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