WO2004042105A1 - Method for preparing a coating for metallurgical furnace cooling element - Google Patents

Method for preparing a coating for metallurgical furnace cooling element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004042105A1
WO2004042105A1 PCT/FI2003/000830 FI0300830W WO2004042105A1 WO 2004042105 A1 WO2004042105 A1 WO 2004042105A1 FI 0300830 W FI0300830 W FI 0300830W WO 2004042105 A1 WO2004042105 A1 WO 2004042105A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating
cooling element
cooling
copper
alloy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2003/000830
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Karri Osara
Veikko Polvi
Original Assignee
Outokumpu Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Outokumpu Oyj filed Critical Outokumpu Oyj
Priority to AU2003301833A priority Critical patent/AU2003301833A1/en
Publication of WO2004042105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004042105A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/10—Cooling; Devices therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/24—Cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/24—Cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for preparing a coating for pyro- metallurgical furnace cooling element using thermal spraying technology.
  • a cooling element is usually composed of a frame made of copper or copper alloy, in which a network of cooling channels is formed for the circulation of the cooling medium.
  • WO publication 01/63192 describes a cooling element intended for furnaces in the metallurgical industry, where the surface section of the copper cooling element has a refined steel coating formed with a diffusion joint.
  • the coating is only on part of the frame surface of the element.
  • the diffusion joint is formed with at least one intermediate layer, which is either of chrome or nickel.
  • nickel is used as the first intermediate layer it can be formed on the surface of the layer for instance by electrolysing or in foil form.
  • the second layer comprises an activator, with a melting point lower than that of pieces to be joined and which achieves the necessary reduction of temperature to create the joint.
  • the activator is mainly composed of silver (Ag) and/or tin (Sn), or silver and copper (Ag+Cu) as alloy or compound, aluminium and copper (Al+Cu) or tin and copper
  • the joint surfaces with the intermediate layers are pressed together and at least the joint area is heated to e.g. a temperature range of 600- 850°C.
  • a cooling element made of copper or copper alloy is also described in JP patent application 58-147504, where a coating made up of several layers is formed on the surface.
  • a nickel alloy layer is added to the copper surface by electroplating.
  • a chrome coating is further dispersed on the nickel alloy surface.
  • the chrome coating can be obtained by electroplating, spraying or some other coating technique. When the piece is heat-treated, diffusion layers are formed between the layers.
  • the purpose of this invention is to attain a method for the formation of a coating on at least part of a metallurgical furnace cooling element in a simple way with thermal spray coating.
  • This can be used to achieve a coating on the surface of a cooling element, which is durable in furnace conditions.
  • the corrosion properties required in different applications vary and the method according to this invention extends the freedom of choice of material with regard to corrosion properties considerably.
  • the advantage of a coating formed with thermal spraying technology is that it can be made on the surface of the element either in the production stage or at the location of the cooling element, without the necessity of removing the element from the furnace.
  • a cooling element comprises a frame section of copper or copper alloy, into which a cooling channel network is made for the circulation of the cooling medium.
  • Coating at the location is made on the surfaces that will come into contact with the furnace atmosphere.
  • the invention is based on the concept where a highly corrosion-resistant coating is attached to a cooling element mainly of copper, using thermal spray technology.
  • the coating is composed of substantially iron and/or nickel based metals and the coating forms a metallurgical bond with the element.
  • molybdenum, chrome, cobalt or silicon can among other things be used as an alloying material in the coating and they can be alone or together, as metals or various alloys.
  • the alloying components can also be as separate particles in the composite structure for example in the form of carbide or oxide.
  • the coating can also be formed of special alloys such as Ni50Cr50, commercial superalloys or various combinations of all and/or some of the above. The principle is however the same i.e. the coating forms a metallurgical bond with the copper of the element. Thus the coating is still highly heat conductive but the corrosion properties are better than in a copper element.
  • Typical alloying elements in the sprayed alloys, which are added to the basic coating include Cr, Co, Mo and even Si. Small amounts of other metals can also include into the alloying elements. In particular it has been observed that nickel and molybdenum form sulphate quite slowly in the S0 2 - S0 3 atmospheres typical of flash smelting furnaces, for example. On the other hand it has been found that alloying elements such as chrome and silicon promote the growth of a passive oxide layer on the coating material. In both cases the durability of the coating is increased. Using of copper or copper alloy as a coating is not sensible since the cooling element itself has been manufactured of copper or copper alloy and adding of said coating gives no additional advantage.
  • copper also applies to alloy materials with a copper content of at least 50%.
  • one transmission layer is possibly added to the surface, preferably of tin or a tin-dominant alloy.
  • tin tin-dominant alloy
  • a tin layer prepared on the copper in advance is attached well metallurgically to the substrate and tin as an active metal reacts with the chemical elements in the coating, so that tin promotes the generation of a tight joint.
  • a cooling element depends on its use.
  • the element is what is termed a cooled chute element especially for conveying melt.
  • the coating layer can be arranged e.g. for the part of the surface that comes into contact with the melt.
  • High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) spraying is based on the continuous combustion at high pressure of fuel gas or liquid and oxygen occurring in the combustion chamber of the spray gun and the generation of a fast gas flow with the spray gun.
  • the coating material is fed into the gun nozzle most often axially in powder form using a carrier gas.
  • the powder particles heat up in the nozzle and attain a very high kinetic speed (several hundreds of metres per second) and they are directed at the piece to be coated.
  • At least one intermediate layer is brought to the joint area in the form of a foil.
  • a tin layer with a thickness of for instance 5-10 ⁇ m has achieved extremely good quality joints.
  • Tin layers can be formed in many ways as in the prior art, by tin coating through heating, electrolytic coating e.g. by producing a foil on the surface as an intermediate layer or actual coating by thermal spraying directly on the surface point.
  • the coating of the cooling element When the coating of the cooling element is performed at the production stage the coating can be performed with several techniques like HVOF-techniques or flame spraying. When the coating is preformed at the cooling element location both said spraying techniques are applicable since the size of the equipment needed are such that they are movable and can be used also in furnace conditions.
  • Example A copper cooling element of a flash smelting furnace being L-shape was coated at the production stage.
  • An intermediate layer of tin having thickness of 5 microns, were first formed on the surface of the cooling element. After that, the coating was formed to the element by using HVOF-techniques.
  • the coating material was as a fine-grained powder and its composition was as follows: 62% Ni, 1 % Co, 5% Fe, 21% Cr, 9% Mo, 0,5% Mn and 0,5% Si.
  • the layer thickness of the coating was in the average 0.6 mm. The investigations pointed out that a metallurgical bond was formed between the coating and the element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a coating for pyrometallurgical furnace cooling elements. The purpose of the invention is to attain a method for the formation of a coating on a metallurgical furnace cooling element in a simple way. This is done by using thermal spraying technology. Said cooling element comprises mainly a frame section of copper and a channel network made in the frame section for the circulation of the cooling medium. A corrosion-resistant coating is arranged on at least part of the element surface, the coating forms a metallurgical bond together with the element and that the basic structure of the coating forms of substantially iron and/or nickel based materials.

Description

METHOD FOR PREPARING A COATING FOR METALLURGICAL FURNACE COOLING ELEMENT
This invention relates to a method for preparing a coating for pyro- metallurgical furnace cooling element using thermal spraying technology.
In connection with industrial furnaces, in particular those used in the fabrication of metals, such as flash smelting furnaces, blast furnaces and electrical furnaces, massive cooling elements are used, which are typically made of copper. Operating conditions are extreme, so that copper is subject to powerful corrosive stress caused by the furnace atmosphere or even contacts with the melt. For example the copper corrosion caused by the oxidizing and sulphating reactions in an S02 atmosphere may at worst lead to material depletion of up to tens of millimetres from the corroded surfaces. A cooling element is usually composed of a frame made of copper or copper alloy, in which a network of cooling channels is formed for the circulation of the cooling medium.
WO publication 01/63192 describes a cooling element intended for furnaces in the metallurgical industry, where the surface section of the copper cooling element has a refined steel coating formed with a diffusion joint. The coating is only on part of the frame surface of the element. The diffusion joint is formed with at least one intermediate layer, which is either of chrome or nickel. When nickel is used as the first intermediate layer it can be formed on the surface of the layer for instance by electrolysing or in foil form. If several transmission layers are used, the second layer comprises an activator, with a melting point lower than that of pieces to be joined and which achieves the necessary reduction of temperature to create the joint. The activator is mainly composed of silver (Ag) and/or tin (Sn), or silver and copper (Ag+Cu) as alloy or compound, aluminium and copper (Al+Cu) or tin and copper
(Sn+Cu). The joint surfaces with the intermediate layers are pressed together and at least the joint area is heated to e.g. a temperature range of 600- 850°C.
A cooling element made of copper or copper alloy is also described in JP patent application 58-147504, where a coating made up of several layers is formed on the surface. First a nickel alloy layer is added to the copper surface by electroplating. A chrome coating is further dispersed on the nickel alloy surface. The chrome coating can be obtained by electroplating, spraying or some other coating technique. When the piece is heat-treated, diffusion layers are formed between the layers.
The cooling elements described above are without doubt excellent and long- lasting in practice, but in both cases the formation of the coating on the surface of the element is a process that demands many stages. In addition, when using refined steel coatings they cannot be chosen purely on the basis of the desired corrosion properties, because the composition of the kinds of refined steel that are commercially available is a limiting factor.
The purpose of this invention is to attain a method for the formation of a coating on at least part of a metallurgical furnace cooling element in a simple way with thermal spray coating. This can be used to achieve a coating on the surface of a cooling element, which is durable in furnace conditions. The corrosion properties required in different applications vary and the method according to this invention extends the freedom of choice of material with regard to corrosion properties considerably. The advantage of a coating formed with thermal spraying technology is that it can be made on the surface of the element either in the production stage or at the location of the cooling element, without the necessity of removing the element from the furnace. A cooling element comprises a frame section of copper or copper alloy, into which a cooling channel network is made for the circulation of the cooling medium. Coating at the location is made on the surfaces that will come into contact with the furnace atmosphere. The invention is based on the concept where a highly corrosion-resistant coating is attached to a cooling element mainly of copper, using thermal spray technology. The coating is composed of substantially iron and/or nickel based metals and the coating forms a metallurgical bond with the element. In addition, molybdenum, chrome, cobalt or silicon can among other things be used as an alloying material in the coating and they can be alone or together, as metals or various alloys. The alloying components can also be as separate particles in the composite structure for example in the form of carbide or oxide. The coating can also be formed of special alloys such as Ni50Cr50, commercial superalloys or various combinations of all and/or some of the above. The principle is however the same i.e. the coating forms a metallurgical bond with the copper of the element. Thus the coating is still highly heat conductive but the corrosion properties are better than in a copper element.
The essential features of the invention are mentioned in the claims.
Typical alloying elements in the sprayed alloys, which are added to the basic coating, include Cr, Co, Mo and even Si. Small amounts of other metals can also include into the alloying elements. In particular it has been observed that nickel and molybdenum form sulphate quite slowly in the S02 - S03 atmospheres typical of flash smelting furnaces, for example. On the other hand it has been found that alloying elements such as chrome and silicon promote the growth of a passive oxide layer on the coating material. In both cases the durability of the coating is increased. Using of copper or copper alloy as a coating is not sensible since the cooling element itself has been manufactured of copper or copper alloy and adding of said coating gives no additional advantage.
In this application the word copper also applies to alloy materials with a copper content of at least 50%. Before spraying the coating to the surface of the cooling element, one transmission layer is possibly added to the surface, preferably of tin or a tin-dominant alloy. Hereafter in the text for the sake of simplicity we shall refer only to tin, but the term also covers other tin- dominant alloys. For example a tin layer prepared on the copper in advance is attached well metallurgically to the substrate and tin as an active metal reacts with the chemical elements in the coating, so that tin promotes the generation of a tight joint.
The shape and size of a cooling element depends on its use. One preferred application of the invention is that the element is what is termed a cooled chute element especially for conveying melt. In this case the coating layer can be arranged e.g. for the part of the surface that comes into contact with the melt.
Of the thermal spraying techniques available, in practice at least techniques based on gas combustion have proved practicable. Of these, High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) spraying is based on the continuous combustion at high pressure of fuel gas or liquid and oxygen occurring in the combustion chamber of the spray gun and the generation of a fast gas flow with the spray gun. The coating material is fed into the gun nozzle most often axially in powder form using a carrier gas. The powder particles heat up in the nozzle and attain a very high kinetic speed (several hundreds of metres per second) and they are directed at the piece to be coated.
In ordinary flame spraying, as the mixture of fuel gas and oxygen burns it melts the coating material, which is in wire or powder form. Acetylene is generally used as fuel gas due to its extremely hot flame. The coating material wire is fed through the wire nozzle with a feed device using a compressed air turbine or electric motor. The gas flame burning in front of the wire nozzle melts the end of the wire and the melt is blown using compressed air as a metallic mist onto the piece to be coated. The particle speed is in the range of 100 m/s. Thermal spraying techniques melts the surface material and since the molten droplets of the coating to be used have a high temperature, a metallurgical bond is generated between the copper, tin and coating material in the coating of the cooling element. If necessary a separate heat treatment can be carried out after spraying, which promotes the phase changes occurring in the diffusion reaction at the interface, thus safeguarding the creation of a lasting joint.
Typically, but not necessarily, at least one intermediate layer is brought to the joint area in the form of a foil. Using a tin layer with a thickness of for instance 5-10 μm has achieved extremely good quality joints. Tin layers can be formed in many ways as in the prior art, by tin coating through heating, electrolytic coating e.g. by producing a foil on the surface as an intermediate layer or actual coating by thermal spraying directly on the surface point.
When the coating of the cooling element is performed at the production stage the coating can be performed with several techniques like HVOF-techniques or flame spraying. When the coating is preformed at the cooling element location both said spraying techniques are applicable since the size of the equipment needed are such that they are movable and can be used also in furnace conditions.
Example A copper cooling element of a flash smelting furnace being L-shape was coated at the production stage. An intermediate layer of tin having thickness of 5 microns, were first formed on the surface of the cooling element. After that, the coating was formed to the element by using HVOF-techniques. The coating material was as a fine-grained powder and its composition was as follows: 62% Ni, 1 % Co, 5% Fe, 21% Cr, 9% Mo, 0,5% Mn and 0,5% Si. The layer thickness of the coating was in the average 0.6 mm. The investigations pointed out that a metallurgical bond was formed between the coating and the element.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. A method for preparing a coating for a pyrometallurgical furnace cooling element, where said element comprises mainly a frame section of copper and a channel network made in the frame section for the circulation of the cooling medium, characterised in that a corrosion-resistant coating is arranged on at least part of the element surface, the coating forms a metallurgical bond together with the element and that the basic structure of the coating forms of substantially iron and/or nickel based materials.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the coating is formed on the surface of the element at the production stage.
3. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the coating is formed on the surface of the element at the cooling element location in the furnace.
4. A method according to any of claims 1 - 3, characterised in that at least one of the metals molybdenum, chrome, cobalt or silicon is used as an alloying element in the coating.
5. A method according to claim 4, characterised in that the alloying elements are used either as a metal, carbide, oxide or alloy.
6. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that a special alloy like Ni50Cr50 is used as the coating.
7. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that a commercial superalloy is used as the coating.
8. A method according to any of the above claims, characterised in that the cooling element is a flash smelting cooling element.
9. A method according to any of the above claims, characterised in that the cooling element is a cooled chute element especially for conveying melt.
10. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that an intermediate layer is formed between the coating and the cooling element joint surfaces before formation of the joint.
11. A method according to claim 10, characterised in that the intermediate layer contains tin or a tin-dominant alloy.
12. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the thermal spraying technology is based on gas combustion.
13. A method according to claim 12, characterised in that the thermal spraying technology is high velocity oxy-fuel spraying.
14. A method according to one of the above claims, characterised in that the cooling element coating material is in powder form.
15. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the thermal spraying technology is flame spraying.
16. A method according to any of claims 1 - 12 or 15, characterised in that the cooling element coating material is in wire form.
17. A method according to one of the above claims, characterised in that the joint area of the cooling element and coating material is heated.
PCT/FI2003/000830 2002-11-07 2003-11-06 Method for preparing a coating for metallurgical furnace cooling element WO2004042105A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003301833A AU2003301833A1 (en) 2002-11-07 2003-11-06 Method for preparing a coating for metallurgical furnace cooling element

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FI20021994 2002-11-07
FI20021994A FI20021994A (en) 2002-11-07 2002-11-07 Method for producing a coating on a cooling element of a metallurgical furnace

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WO2004042105A1 true WO2004042105A1 (en) 2004-05-21

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AR (1) AR041909A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003301833A1 (en)
FI (1) FI20021994A (en)
PE (1) PE20040432A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004042105A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008037836A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-04-03 Outotec Oyj Method for coating a cooling element
WO2013079803A3 (en) * 2011-11-30 2013-10-17 Outotec Oyj Cooling element and method for manufacturing a cooling element

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1394087A (en) * 1971-08-03 1975-05-14 Nissan Motor Wear-resistant apex seal for a wankel type rotary engine
JPS577360A (en) * 1980-06-14 1982-01-14 Mishima Kosan Co Ltd Mold for continuous casting
JPS58157961A (en) * 1982-03-13 1983-09-20 Chobe Taguchi Surface treatment of copper and copper alloy
JPS5943804A (en) * 1982-09-03 1984-03-12 Mishima Kosan Co Ltd Cooling plate for body of blast furnace
JPH093616A (en) * 1995-04-18 1997-01-07 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Powder mixture for thermal spraying
EP0913495A1 (en) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Spray coating powder material and high-temperature components coated therewith
WO2001063192A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 Outokumpu Oyj Cooling element and method for manufacturing cooling elements
EP1136573A1 (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-09-26 KM Europa Metal Aktiengesellschaft Cooling plate

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1394087A (en) * 1971-08-03 1975-05-14 Nissan Motor Wear-resistant apex seal for a wankel type rotary engine
JPS577360A (en) * 1980-06-14 1982-01-14 Mishima Kosan Co Ltd Mold for continuous casting
JPS58157961A (en) * 1982-03-13 1983-09-20 Chobe Taguchi Surface treatment of copper and copper alloy
JPS5943804A (en) * 1982-09-03 1984-03-12 Mishima Kosan Co Ltd Cooling plate for body of blast furnace
JPH093616A (en) * 1995-04-18 1997-01-07 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Powder mixture for thermal spraying
EP0913495A1 (en) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Spray coating powder material and high-temperature components coated therewith
WO2001063192A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 Outokumpu Oyj Cooling element and method for manufacturing cooling elements
EP1136573A1 (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-09-26 KM Europa Metal Aktiengesellschaft Cooling plate

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Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198208, Derwent World Patents Index; Class M22, AN 1982-14595E, XP002979497 *
DATABASE WPI Week 198343, Derwent World Patents Index; Class M14, AN 1983-798820, XP002979496 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 134, 21 June 1984 (1984-06-21) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 199, no. 705, 30 May 1997 (1997-05-30) *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008037836A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-04-03 Outotec Oyj Method for coating a cooling element
EP2069701A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2009-06-17 Outotec OYJ Method for coating a cooling element
AU2007301920B2 (en) * 2006-09-27 2011-07-14 Outotec Oyj Method for coating a cooling element
US8377513B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2013-02-19 Outotec Oyj Method for coating a cooling element
EP2069701A4 (en) * 2006-09-27 2013-09-04 Outotec Oyj Method for coating a cooling element
KR101376039B1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2014-03-19 오토텍 오와이제이 Method for coating a cooling element
WO2013079803A3 (en) * 2011-11-30 2013-10-17 Outotec Oyj Cooling element and method for manufacturing a cooling element
CN103958702A (en) * 2011-11-30 2014-07-30 奥图泰有限公司 Cooling element and method for manufacturing a cooling element
EP2785881A4 (en) * 2011-11-30 2015-10-07 Outotec Oyj Cooling element and method for manufacturing a cooling element

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Publication number Publication date
FI20021994A (en) 2004-05-08
AR041909A1 (en) 2005-06-01
FI20021994A0 (en) 2002-11-07
AU2003301833A1 (en) 2004-06-07
PE20040432A1 (en) 2004-09-09

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