WO2003083323A1

WO2003083323A1 - Rubber elastic element

Info

Publication number: WO2003083323A1
Application number: PCT/YU2003/000009
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ranko Rakanovic
Original assignee: Ranko Rakanovic
Priority date: 2002-04-01
Filing date: 2003-03-27
Publication date: 2003-10-09
Also published as: AU2003218508A1

Abstract

The invention considers rubber elastic element, consisteing of elastic delimiter (6) placed within holder (3), joined thrugh holes (7). Elastic delimiter (6) consists of top metal plate (1), bottom metal plate (2), middle metal plate (5) positioned on equal distances between top metal plate (1) and bottom metal plate (2). Between middle plate (5) and top metal plate (1), as well as between middle plate (5) and bottom metal plate (2) there are rubber inserts (4), made so that in process of vulcanization elastic delimiter (6) becomes single unit. By holes (7) on top metal plate (1) elastic delimiter (6) is attached to longitudinal chassis bearer of wagon, attaching thus rubber elastic element as whole. When built is part of wagon suspension, rubber elasticf element (in fact, its elastic delimiter (6)) carries part of dynamic load, thus reducing shock stresses imposed on spring.

Description

RUBBER ELASTIC ELEMENT

Respective area of technique

The invention belongs to area of railway vehicles engineering, more specifically to railway vehicles exploitation. It can be also considered as general transport vehicles device, primarily belonging to group of wheels and dampers suspensors, as well as to belong to vibration damping area in general.

According to international classification of patents, the invention may be designated with symbol B61F5/00, referring to construction elements of railway vehicles bogies, or more specifically to B61F5/08 that comprises rubber springs bogie reinforcements.

It may also be designated with symbol B60G13/00 describing elastic suspensions, especially with symbol F16F15/OS defining vibration elimination by rubber springs.

Technical problem

The invention solves problem of reducing of spring breakdowns caused by influence of shock stresses on suspension system. The solution is based on design of rubber elastic element that disburdens spring and damps shock stresses imposed on spring.

Present state

In order to reduce strikes caused by transition of wheels over rail contacts and other rail unevennesses, total car weight is transferred to rails over some elastic parts, i.e. different kinds of springs, bumpers, dampers and shock absorbers.

Depending on number of elastic elements set, the damping between body and wheel sets is divided into single, double and multiple damping. Recently, special rubber dampers of various shape and construction, some of them with reinforcements, are used for balancing of load distribution over axle stubs and damping of all shock stresses caused by wheel transition over rail contacts and crossings, in order to protect both rail and wheel.

In this sense, laminated springs are also used.

YU patent nr. P-0175193 named "Railway wagon running stock" where running stock with cradle is hanged on chassis by two binding bridges; cradle is bound on lower part of bridges by hinges; bridges are bound to chassis on their upper part also by hinges. Cradle is in the same time also bound to chassis with two hydraulic dampers with twofold action: by vertical, and by lateral movement of cradle.

This solution is applicable also on tramcars.

YU patent nr. 47913 of German company ABB HENSCHEL WAGGON GmbH from Berlin shows solution of coupling of driving mechanism to railway car bridge utilizing spring that tenses both parts in opposite directions, being itself tensed in direction opposite to those of laminated springs of driving set.

The same company patented in Yugoslavia solution with nr. 47915 named "High-speed railway vehicle bogie" where a dangling damper is put between laminated- spring outer levers of each double laminated-spring joining lever; the damper dampens horizontal displacements between axle bearing and bogie frame.

The same company presents in German patent nr. 4313129 named "Running gear for railway vehicles" where frame is set over primary springs on wheels, or running axle stocks; on the other side chassis cradle or railway vehicle chassis are leaning over secondary spring also on wheels, or running axle stocks and in the same time it is joined to bogie frame by shock absorbers that are dampening vertical displacements and lateral dangling.

Yugoslav patent nr. 48803 describes "Valve for prevention of airbags puncturing in bus suspension system" where valve body is at one end joined to airbag by wind and pipe, and at the other end is joined by wind and pipe to pressurized air reservoir in bus. This solution is just mentioned as illustration of wider area of dampening solutions, and not as solution that is similar to invention presented in this paper. At last, a solution of screw spring with trapezoid-circular cross-section of spring wire for Y25 bogie, resulted from UIC investigations of empty wagon noise reduction This spring, due to its specific construction, has characteristics similar to those of pair of standard springs (inner and outer) of Y25 bogie, and therefore can replace them This solution is protected by patent of LANGEN & SONDERMANN GmbH

And finally, there exists a steel element with main role to limit amplitudes of load The main disadvantage of such solution is that it does not dampens shock stresses, but only limits displacement-amplitudes With such a solution, shock stresses on suspension are reduced, but large percent of spring damages is still present

The essence of the invention

Rubber elastic element consists of elastic delimiter and its holder

Elastic delimiter consists of three parallel metal plates with two rubber inserts between them Through process of rubber vulcanization, the elastic element becomes single unit

Elastic delimiter is placed within its holder thus making set - rubber elastic element

Positioning of elastic element relative to its holder is accomplished by nails through appropriate holes that prevent sliding of delimiter from holder

Holder of elastic element is welded to longitudinal wagon bearer and is aimed for rubber elastic element binding

The main idea of invention is that rubber elastic element is activated as bearer of part of dynamic load when some selected wagon load is exceeded In this manner rubber elastic element changes characteristic of suspension system

Rubber elastic element leans over lower metal plate indirectly, and over elastic delimiter directly on spring belt during shock stroke

Introduction of rubber elastic element reduces static load in amount of 15% and dynamic load in amount of 30% Simultaneously, in case of main spring leaf breaking axle bearing remains loaded over rubber elastic element, reducing in this manner possibility of derailment It is also important that breakdown dynamics is not influenced by difference of springs on the same axle.

Short description of outline

The invention is described in details in implementation example presented at the following drawings:

Drawing 1 : presents top view of elastic delimiter;

Drawing 2: presents side view of elastic delimiter (outline) with partial section over holes on metal plates;

Drawing 3 : presents side view of elastic delimiter (profile) with partial section over holes on metal plates;

Drawing 4: representing set of elastic element and holder (without nails) with partial section over holes on metal plates;

Detailed description of invention

The drawings present rubber elastic element, that is attached by splits (not shown) to holder bear through holes (7). Holder bear is welded for longitudinal chassis bearer.

Rubber elastic element consists of elastic delimiter (6) placed within holder (3) presenting together integral part.

Elastic delimiter (6) consists of top metal plate (1) with several holes (7), bottom metal plate (2), middle metal plate (5) positioned symmetric relative to top metal plate (1) and bottom plate (2). Between top metal plate (1) and middle metal plate (5), as well as between middle metal plate (5) and bottom metal plate (2) there are rubber inserts (4). Through process of vulcanization elastic delimiter (6) becomes single unit.

Join between holder (3) and elastic delimiter (6) is accomplished by nails (not shown) through holes (8), therefore disabling sliding of elastic delimiter (6) from its holder (3).

Main idea of invention is that at selected wagon load rubber elastic element (in fact, its elastic delimiter (6)) is activated, taking part of load together with springs, changing in this manner characteristic of whole spring system in comparison with case when rubber elastic element is not built in.

In order to achieve the main idea, the invention is designed so that rubber elastic element leans on spring belt over bottom metal plate (2) and to wagon chassis over holder (3) of elastic delimiter (6).

Characteristic (dependence of force F on displacement f) of suspension depends on characteristic of spring and characteristic of rubber elastic element, and it may be considered as two-stepped: in first step, before crossing displacement is reached, only spring is activated, and in the second step, both spring and rubber elastic element are activated.

The choice of rubber elastic element, i.e. the choice of rubber insert (4) is performed in such a manner that both spring and rubber elastic element can carry suspended weight of vehicle, both in lower part of loads (empty and partially loaded vehicle) and in upper part of load (partially and fully loaded vehicle). The effect of the construction is that by empty and partially loaded vehicle only spring is active, so the characteristic has mild slope. By larger loads, rubber elastic element is also activated, carries part of the load, increasing in this manner rigidity of suspension.

Claims

PATENT REQUEST

1. Rubber elastic element consists of elastic delimiter (6) and holder (3), joined by splits through holes (7), distinguished by metal plate (5) positioned symmetrically between top metal plate (1) and bottom metal plate (2), and rubber inserts (4) between top middle plate (1) and middle metal plate (5), as well as between middle metal plate (5) and bottom metal plate (2). Elastic delimiter (6) is located within holder (3).

2. Rubber elastic element, according request 1 is distinguished by ratio of height of elastic delimiter (6) in unloaded state to height of elastic delimiter (6) in loaded state; the ratio is higher than 1,8 and lower than 1,90.

3. Rubber elastic element, according requests 1 and 2 is distinguished by ratio of height of elastic element (4) to radius of curve of rubber insert (4); in unloaded state the ratio should be higher than 1,30 and lower than 1,50.

4. Rubber elastic element, according requests 1 through 3 is distinguished by ratio of length of any lateral side of middle metal plate (5) to radius of curve of rubber insert (4); in unloaded state the ratio should be higher than 5,50 and lower than 7,50.