WO2003071165A1

WO2003071165A1 - Shifting device of a manual transmission

Info

Publication number: WO2003071165A1
Application number: PCT/EP2003/000867
Authority: WO
Inventors: Arnold Trissler
Original assignee: Ina-Schaeffler Kg
Priority date: 2002-02-21
Filing date: 2003-01-29
Publication date: 2003-08-28
Also published as: EP1476683A1; BR0303213A; DE10207191B4; PL372265A1; AU2003247319A1; DE10207191A1

Abstract

Disclosed is a shifting device of a manual transmission, which forms a kinematic connection between a gearshift lever (2) and at least one gear wheel. The inventive shifting device comprises a shifting element (7) with a mouth-type part (12) and a selector finger (6), said shifting element being freely movable in the longitudinal direction by an operating clearance towards the selector finger (6) when the gearshift lever is in the shifted position.

Description

Name of the invention

Switching device of a change gear

description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a shifting device of a change-speed transmission, which forms a kinematic connection between a shift lever and at least one gear wheel, the shift lever being shiftable by means of shifting movements at least from a neutral position into a shifting position shifting the gearwheel and at least returnable to the neutral position, the shifting device at least consisting of:

a locking device which locks the shift lever in the neutral switching position, the locking device consisting of at least one locking element loaded with a spring and a locking recess, and wherein the locking element engages in the locking recess in the neutral position of the shift lever,

a shift gate, the shift gate guiding the shift lever during the shifting movements and limiting the shift path of the shift lever into the shift position with at least one stop,

a shift finger, the shift finger being pivotable about a pivot axis into the switching position by means of the switching movement of the shift lever and pivoting back about the pivot axis by means of the shift lever which can be moved into the neutral position, "

a switching element which is displaceable by means of the Schaltfingejsjäηgs,

- A switching mouth that is fixed to the switching element and in which

Shift finger engages, the free cross-section of the shift mouth is delimited longitudinally by two flanks, which at least partially take the shift finger longitudinally between them, whereby one of the flanks is acted upon by the pivoting shift finger at least until the shift lever is in one of the positions stands, and with the flanks taking the shift finger in the neutral position of the shift lever between them so that there is little play along the narrowest point between the shift finger and between the flanks,

a sliding sleeve which is displaceable longitudinally in the direction of the gear wheel by means of the switching element, the sliding sleeve being rotatably free from the gear wheel in the neutral position of the shift lever and being spaced apart by a greater distance from the game than a synchronizing element lying longitudinally in the direction of the gear wheel and wherein the sliding sleeve is non-rotatably coupled to the gearwheel in the switching position of the gearshift lever, and the sliding sleeve in the switched position is at least temporarily moved longitudinally in the direction of the gearwheel beyond the position specified by the gearshift lever,

Background of the Invention

Such a switching device is described in DE 31 25 632 C1 for a change gear of a motor vehicle with five forward gears and one reverse gear. A shift shaft is rotatably and axially displaceably mounted in a housing of the change gearbox. The shift shaft is connected to a shift lever. On the selector shaft there is a radial distance from the selector shaft. "

The shift finger attached to a sleeve. The shift finger can be shifted longitudinally by means of the shift shaft to the change gear and pivoted about the longitudinal axis of the shift shaft. These movements are initiated on the selector shaft by the shift lever. In the effective area of the shift finger, three shift elements in the form of shift rails are arranged and guided through shift rods. The shifting elements are arranged so as to be longitudinally displaceable by a pivoting movement of the shift finger to the change gear, and each take along a shift fork in the longitudinal direction. The shift fork engages in a sliding sleeve that is longitudinally displaceable on a gear shaft. With the sliding sleeve that is fixed on the gear shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, a gear wheel can be coupled in a rotationally fixed manner by optionally moving it longitudinally in one or the other direction. A shifting movement of the shift lever from the neutral position into one of the shifted positions for engaging one of the gears couples the sliding sleeve to one of the gear wheels.

The kinematic connection of the switching device is a kinematic chain of individual or alternatively of a number of elements of the switching device. The position of each point on one of the elements in the chain can be derived from the position of every other point on further elements of the chain. For a given position of the shift lever, there is only one position in the switching device for each of the other elements moved by the shift lever or acting on the shift lever. Such elements in the switching device are such. B. the shift shaft, shift drums, shift locks for locking one or more gears, sliding sleeves, levers and other transmission devices as well as locking devices.

The shift lever is generally in a neutral position N before the start of the shifting process. In position N, the shift lever is simultaneously in a neutral position, from which one in the aisle by switching movements of the shift lever in either direction can be shifted from two gears. From the position N, further lanes can be selected by means of selector movements of the shift lever, in which, in turn, one of two gears can be selected. Is one of the alleys with the gear lever selected, the shift lever is initially in a neutral position. One of the gears in the alley can then be shifted from the neutral position.

During the selection and shifting movements, the shift lever is guided by means of a link for the exact selection and for the exact shifting of the gears. The shift lever alternatively moves directly in the contours of the backdrop or the backdrop acts, downstream of the shift lever, in the shift device with a guide pin, for example on a shift sleeve. The end of the guideways of the shift gate is usually at the same time a stop for limiting the shifting movement of the shift lever into the switched position.

In position N, the switching lever or the switching device is securely locked with at least one locking device. In the example according to DE 31 25 632 C1, a locking bolt which is immovably guided longitudinally and transversely to the housing of the change gear and is loaded by means of a spring is locked in a locking recess on the sleeve of the shift finger in the locking device. When the selector shaft and thus the selector finger are swiveled, the locking bolt rises on the flanks of the locking recess against the spring force and releases the sleeve.

Each of the switching elements has a switching mouth. With a selection movement on the shift lever, the shift finger is inserted lengthways into one of the shift jaws. The shift finger engages in the free cross section of the shift mouthpiece. The free cross-section of the shift mouthpiece is longitudinally and thus in the direction of displacement of the switching element limited by two flanks at least partially between the shift fingers. A switching movement on the shift lever causes the shift finger to pivot, the shift finger each acting on the flank in the shift mouth in the pivoting direction of the shift finger and longitudinally displacing the shift element with the shift fork in this way. This shifting causes the clutch sleeve to couple with the gear wheel to be shifted, usually after synchronization. During synchronization, the sliding sleeve generally acts longitudinally in the direction of the gear wheel to be switched on a synchronizer ring. In the neutral position of the shift lever and thus in the middle position of the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve and the synchronizer ring are spaced longitudinally apart. This distance ensures that no force is exerted on the synchronizer ring in the neutral position by the sliding sleeve. In this position, the sliding sleeve must be kept immobile along with as little play as possible, so that the distance between the sliding sleeve and the synchronizer ring is maintained. The shift finger therefore engages in the neutral position of the shift lever with as little play as possible to the shift mouthpiece in the shift mouthpiece. The flanks take the shift finger in the neutral position of the shift lever between them so that there is little play between the shift finger and between the flanks at the narrowest point.

As described at the beginning, the switching device is locked in the locking recess by means of the spring forces in the locking device. The kinematic connection of the shift lever to the sliding sleeve via, for example, cables and / or linkage, further via the shift finger engaging with almost no play in the shift mouth as well as further via the shift fork starting from the switching element is thus held by means of the locking device. The shift fork, which moves longitudinally in the shifting direction of the sliding sleeve only within the play, holds the sliding sleeve in its position. The sliding sleeve is held in the neutral position in both directions of movement only in the longitudinally movable position in relation to the shift finger. The play is negligibly small in relation to the distance that the switching element with the sliding sleeve has to travel longitudinally to initiate the synchronization. The size of the game is determined by manufacturing and Montag tolerances. It is kept as small as possible and preferably corresponds to a dimension of 0.4 to 0.6 mm. Elements of the synchronization acting between the sliding sleeve and the gear wheel are thus not inadvertently loaded in the direction of the gear wheel by the sliding sleeve in the neutral position of the shift lever. From this position, the sliding sleeve can only be displaced in the direction of one of the gear wheels by actuating the shift lever via the pivoting shift finger after the spring forces have been overcome in the locking device.

The coupling teeth of the sliding sleeve and the counter teeth, which are generally formed on a coupling body of the gear wheel, are generally bevelled undercut on the flank side in modern change gearboxes. In the switched position, the sliding sleeve is non-rotatably coupled to the counter toothing via the coupling toothing. The interlocking tooth flanks on the teeth of the toothing, which are undercut in the longitudinal direction, lie against one another. In the switched state, these bevels bring about a certain axial securing of the coupling toothing on the counter-toothing, so that the sliding sleeve in the switched state cannot easily separate longitudinally from the toothing of the coupling body. The undercuts create tensile forces along the coupling teeth of the sliding sleeve and the counter teeth. These tensile forces cause the sliding sleeve to be pulled a small amount longitudinally in the direction of the shifted longitudinally fixed gearwheel after the switching operation. As a result of these tensile forces, the sliding sleeve strives to move longitudinally in the direction of the longitudinally fixed gear wheel beyond the position specified by the shift lever. The sliding sleeve exerts a constraining force on the shift fork and thus on the shift element via the sliding shoes engaging in the sliding sleeve. This force tends to move the switching element longitudinally in the switching direction beyond the position specified by the switched position.

The play between the flanks and the shift finger is usually less than the amount that the sliding sleeve strives to move beyond the position specified by the shift lever in the direction of the gear wheel. The switching element endeavors to follow the forced movement of the sliding sleeve and, after overcoming the slight play, loads a flange ke of the shift mouth the shift finger. This forced movement on the shift finger leads to tensions in the kinematic connection between the shift lever and the sliding sleeve, since the shift lever and the shift finger are held in the switching position by the spring forces of the locking device on the stop in the backdrop. In particular, the sliding shoes at the ends of the shift fork, which are loaded by means of the rotating sliding sleeve, are undesirably highly loaded and wear out. Disturbing vibrations are transmitted through the rigid connection to the gear lever and thus into the vehicle interior.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a switching device in a change gear between a shift lever and at least one gear wheel, in which the shift lever is securely positioned in the neutral position and is freed of vibrations in shift positions as far as possible. Furthermore, the switching device in the switching positions of the shift lever is to be kept free of constraining forces as far as possible, so that undesired wear, in particular on the sliding shoes of the shift fork, is avoided.

This object is achieved according to the characterizing part of claim 1 by a switching device with the following features:

the catch recess is followed by a ramp at least on one side of the catch recess. When the shift lever is moved into a shift position, the latching element moves out of the latching recess onto the ramp. The locking element is biased by the spring against the ramp contour.

Depending on the design of the change gear, either the locking element or the locking recess is arranged in the locking device relative to the change gear in the locking device. The counterpart in the locking device is then following the movements of the shift lever element fixed to the housing is movable with respect to one another. The movable element is in turn movable to the element fixed to the housing by linear displacement or pivoting. So z. B. the locking recess is formed on a sleeve on the control shaft and thus slidable and pivotable to the locking element. The latching element is seated in the housing in the pivoting directions and is guided in a movement-fixed manner along the switching shaft or the sleeve. The spring (s) presses the locking element that is movable against the locking recess and the housing into the locking recess. As an alternative to this, the latching recess is arranged on a section of the change-speed transmission which is fixed to the housing and the latching element is guided in the pivoting direction and longitudinally, for example, to the selector shaft. The locking element is movably supported against the spring in the locking recess. A ball or a ball held by means of a guide pin is preferably used as the locking element. The guide pin is then movably guided in the direction of the spring (s) and in the direction of the latching recess by means of the springs. Alternatively, a bolt which is loaded by the spring (s) and engages in the locking recess is provided.

The latching element is supported by the spring (s) during the switching movement of the shift lever from the neutral position to the switching position, and can be moved backwards against the spring during the switching movement of the shift lever into the neutral position until it engages in the latching recess upwards on the ramp.

The switching movement of the shift lever causes the latching element to move out of the latching seat onto the ramp either by pivoting or moving the latching element or the latching recess relative to the change gear. Since several gears can be shifted in the change gearboxes, the latching recess is generally connected to one of the ramps on both sides of the latching recess. To select one of the alleys, the shift lever generally first moves along a predetermined path by means of the guide in a position from which one of the gears can then be shifted in either direction. It is therefore provided with a configuration of the invention a groove-shaped locking recess in its length determined by the web, in which the locking element moves along when the alley is selected, following the movement of the shift lever. This latching recess is followed on both sides by a ramp with the same ramp contour. Alternatively, the ramps are designed differently from one another in their contour and in their course from side to side of the ramp. Furthermore, as an alternative, a ramp is designed lengthwise on one side in such a way that the latching element moves down or up on sections of the ramp that differ from course to course in the course.

On the ramp, the locking element in the switch position of the shift lever is loaded by the spring and pressed against the ramp and held on the ramp by means of the stop in the link.

Due to the force of the spring, the latching element tends to slide or roll down the ramp beyond the switching position of the shift lever. However, the ramp or the locking element are kinematically coupled to the shift lever. The shift lever is guided in the link or by means of a kinematic connection via, for example, a guide pin in the link. The stop thus prevents the locking element from moving on the ramp beyond the switching position. The components of the force of the spring cause constraining forces on the ramp, which hold the gear lever securely against the stop in the switch position. The size of the components of the force can be influenced by the course and the rise of the ramp and by the identification of the spring (s). The contour of the ramp, on which the latching element runs, is formed in a straight line or curved convex or concave manner, falling away from the latching recess. The free cross-section of the shift mouthpiece, delimited by the flanks, is divided from the inside outwards towards the pivot axis, into a first section and a second section following the first section in the direction of the pivot axis, the neutral position of the shift lever in the first Section longitudinally between the shift finger, which is at least partially immersed in the first section, and the flanks in the first section, at the longest narrowest point, the longitudinal little play remains, and in the switched position of the shift lever in the second section longitudinally between the at least partially in the second section pivoted and on one of the flanks shift finger and the other of the flanks in the second section, at the longest narrow point between the shift finger and shift mouth, there is a play of movement that is at least as large as the amount with which the sliding sleeve in the longitudinal direction the gear wheel between can be moved.

The switching element is locked in the neutral position on the shift finger in the first section immovably neglecting the play. The shift mouthpiece is provided with a second section adjoining the first section in the direction of the pivot axis. The second section has at least one free distance, which is wider than the first section, between the flanks lying opposite one another. In the switch position of the shift lever, the shift finger engages in the second section with a play of movement at the narrowest point along the flanks. The switching element is freely movable in the switching position of the shift lever along the shift finger for the movement.

When the shift lever moves, the shift finger swings out of the first section until the shift finger dips into the second section. The shift finger acts on the flank of the shift mouthpiece lying in the switching direction of the shift sleeve. The first section of the shift jaw releases the shift finger. The switching lever and the shift finger are held in the switched position of the shift lever by the spring forces of the locking device on the stop in the backdrop. Due to the tensile forces on the undercuts of the teeth mentioned at the beginning, the sliding sleeve moves a maximum of the amount beyond the position specified by the shift lever in the direction of the gear wheel. The sliding sleeve exerts constraining forces on the shift fork and thus on the shifting element via the sliding shoes engaging in the sliding sleeve.

According to the invention, in the switched position between the part of the shift finger engaging in the second section to the flank of the shift mouth not acted upon by the shift finger, there is a play of movement in the narrowest point in the second section. The range of motion is at least as large or larger than the amount by which the sliding sleeve on the gear wheel moves beyond the position specified by the gear lever. The shift finger remains in its position. However, the switching element can move further beyond the position along the range of motion. It follows the forced movement of the sliding sleeve in the direction of the gear wheel freely.

In the shift mouth, the flank pointing in the direction of movement, at least partially overcoming the movement, moves freely in the direction of the shift finger. The shift finger is not affected by the forced movement. The undesirable tension in the switching device is eliminated. The wear on the slide shoes is reduced. Vibrations are kept away from the vehicle interior.

The shift mouth is usually open towards the pivot axis of the shift finger. The pivoting free end of the shift finger engages in the opening of the shift mouthpiece. The shift mouthpiece has a free cross section between the flanks, which crosses from the inside in the direction of the swivel axis at least in the swivel range of the shift finger at least from the most section expanded starting. The dimension between the opposing flanks at the level of the shift finger lengthwise in the direction of displacement of the shift element initially corresponds to the greatest width of the shift finger at this height plus the play and then finally becomes wider. The flanks run away from one another in the direction of the pivot axis, so that the shift mouthpiece widens in the direction of its opening facing the pivot axis. The pivot axis of the shift finger remains immovable in one place relative to the longitudinally moving shift element. Since the free end of the pivoting shift finger follows an arcuate path, it rises on the flank in the direction of the opening of the shift mouthpiece. The contours of the flanks in the second section are at the level of the pivoted and finally locked shift finger at the narrowest point by an amount that corresponds to the greatest longitudinal width of the shift finger plus the play according to the invention.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the free cross-section of the shift mouthpiece between the flanks from the inside outwards towards the opening of the shift mouthpiece is limited in the first section by initially at least linearly shaped and longitudinally opposing sections of the flanks. The shift finger is immersed in the neutral position of the shift lever between the flanks lying opposite each other in parallel. In the second section, the flanks move away from each other and thus widen the shift mouthpiece. The shift finger pivoted into the second section in the switching position of the shift lever is immersed between the sections which move away from one another.

As an alternative to the above configuration, it is provided that the free cross section of the shift mouthpiece longitudinally between the flanks in the first section from the inside outward to the opening of the shift mouthpiece through at least linearly shaped flanks which are spaced apart and thereby widen the shift mouthpiece from the inside outward is described. The shift finger is in the neutral position and also in the switched position of the shift lever at least between those moving away from each other Flanks submerged. In this embodiment, the shift mouthpiece thus has a first section in which the flanks move away from one another and the shift mouthpiece widen. In the second section, too, the flanks move further apart. A classic embodiment of such a design is a shift mouthpiece with a V-shaped cross section.

The switching element is, depending on the design of the switching device z. B. formed on a shift rail. Alternatively, the shift mouthpiece is formed on a shift arm connected to the shift rail or shift fork. Further applications provide a shift mouthpiece which is formed directly on the base body of the shift fork. Shift rails and the shift arms are often punched out of sheet metal and processed by bending and calibration. The shift mouthpiece is punched out of the sheet metal on elements produced in this way and is dimensionally accurate by means of fine punching and / or calibration. The contours of the shift mouthpiece are machined from solid material on the blank by machining. Shift arms generally have fork-shaped ends at which the tines limit the free cross section of the shift mouthpiece.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. Show it:

1 and 2 show a schematic illustration of a switching device according to the invention, the switching lever of the switching device in FIG. 1 being in the neutral position and in FIG. 2 in the switched position,

FIGS. 3 and 4 show an exemplary embodiment of a switching device with a switching finger which engages in a switching mouth of a switching element, FIG. element in a neutral position and Figure 4 shows the switching element in a switched position.

Detailed description of the drawings

Figures 1 and 2 show a switching device 1 of a change gear not shown. The switching device 1 forms a kinematic connection between a shift lever 2 and a gear wheel 3. The shift lever 2 can be shifted from a neutral position N into a shift position S which switches the gear wheel 3 and can be moved back into the neutral position N by means of a shift movement. The switching device is shown schematically and consists at least of a locking device 4, a shift gate 5, a shift finger 6 pivotable about a pivot axis 6a, a shift element 7, a sliding sleeve 8 and a synchronizing element 8c in the form of a synchronizer ring.

FIG. 1 shows the shift lever 2 in a neutral position N. In the neutral position N, the sliding sleeve 8 is arranged to rotate with the gear wheel 3 and is at a distance Z from the synchronizing element. The locking device 4 consists of a locking element loaded by a spring 9 10 in the form of a ball 10a and from a latching recess 11. In the neutral position N of the shift lever 2, the latching element 10 engages in the latching recess 11 when loaded by the spring 9. The shift lever 2 is mechanically coupled to the locking recess 11. The switching movements of the shift lever 2 are guided in the shifting gate 5 by means of a guide pin 2a. The shifting gate 5 has a guideway 5a for the selection of lanes and guideways 5b for switching one of the gears. The guideways 5b are limited by stops 5c.

The shift lever 2 is kinematically connected to the shift finger 6 such that the shift finger 6 is pivoted about the pivot axis 6a when the shift lever 2 moves. In the illustration according to FIG. 1, the shift finger 6 is in a non-pivoted position corresponding to the neutral position N. tion. The shift finger 6 engages in a shift mouthpiece 12 on the switching element 7. The free cross section of the shift mouthpiece 12 is longitudinally delimited by two flanks 12a and 12b which take the free end 6b of the shift finger 6 between them. The shift mouthpiece 12 is divided from the inside to the outside to open the shift mouthpiece 12 into a first section 12c and a second section 12d. The section 12d follows the section 12c in the direction of the pivot axis 6a. The flanks 12a and 12b are parallel in the first section 12c when viewed in the longitudinal direction. In the second section 12d, the shift mouthpiece widens due to the flanks 12a and 12b running away from one another. This distance corresponds to the greatest width d of the shift finger 6 immersed in the first section 12c plus a play C at the narrowest point.

The switching element 7 has a shift fork 13. Sliding shoes 13a are fastened to the shift fork 13, only one of which is shown in the view according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The sliding shoes 13a engage in an annular groove 8a of the sliding sleeve 8. In the neutral position N, the shift finger 6 engages in the first section 12c of the shift mouthpiece 12 on the switching element 7 without being pivoted and locked by the locking device 4. In this position, the switching element 7 is locked in the switching direction of the sliding sleeve 8 to the gear wheel.

The shift lever 2 can be moved into the shift position S from the neutral position N. FIG. 2 shows the switching device 1 with the switching lever 2 in the switched position S. The drawing of the synchronizing element 8c in FIG. 2 has been omitted. The locking recess 11 connects on both sides of the locking recess 11, a ramp 11 a. Due to the switching movement of the shift lever 2, the locking element 10 has moved from the locking recess 11 to one of the ramps 11 a and is in the switched position S in the position S '. The guide pin 2a has followed the switching movement of the switching lever in one of the guideways 5b and limits the switching path of the switching lever 2 by resting against one of the stops 5c in the switching link 5 in the position S ". The switching movement Following the shift lever 2, the shift finger 6 pivots about the pivot axis 6a to the position S '". The shift finger 6 pivots at least partially out of the first section 12c into the second section 12d and acts on the flank 12b lying in the pivoting direction until the scarf - Telement 7 is in position S '". The switching element 7 takes the shift fork 13 with the sliding shoes 13a and thus the sliding sleeve 8 in the direction of the gear 3. A clutch toothing 8b engages in a corresponding counter toothing 3a of the gear wheel 3. In the position S '", the sliding sleeve 8 is rotatably coupled to the gear wheel 3. In the position S'" of the sliding sleeve 8, the shift lever 2 is in the switched position S. The gear is engaged.

The locking element 10 moves down on one of the ramps 11a by the force of the spring 8 into the position S '. The spring 9 is supported relative to the change gear, not shown, and the ramp 11a pivots by the switching movement of the shift lever 2. In the switched position S, the locking element 10 is loaded by the spring 9. By means of the stop 5c, the switching element 10 is held in its position S "over the link 5 on the ramp 11a. The force of the spring 9 locks the guide pin 2a on the stop 5c by means of the latching element 10 acting against the ramp 11a. With the guide pin 2a the shift lever 2 are locked in the switched position S and the shift finger 6 in the position S '". Starting from the contact 14 of the flank 12b with the shift finger 6, the shift jaw 12 has a free distance in the second section 12d, which corresponds to the movement clearance X plus the greatest width d 'of the shift finger at this height. From the position S '", the sliding sleeve 8 is arranged to be movable by the dimension Y in the direction of the gear wheel 3 beyond the switching position S'". The movement play X is at least as large or larger than the dimension Y. Thus, the switching element 7 to the shift finger 6 is arranged to move freely in the direction of the gear wheel 3 when the sliding sleeve 8 is forced to move. FIGS. 3 and 4 show an exemplary embodiment of a switching element 15 with a switching mouth 17. A switching finger 16, which is only partially shown, engages in the switching mouth 17. The free cross section of the switching mouth 17 is limited longitudinally in the direction of displacement of the switching element 15 by the mutually opposite, linearly shaped flanks 17a and 17b. In Figure 3, the neutral switching position N of the switching element 15 is shown. In this position, the shift finger 16 engages in the first section 17c of the shift mouthpiece 17 with almost no play. The game C corresponds to a dimension of only a few tenths of a millimeter. The free distance between the flanks 17a and 17b essentially corresponds to the width d of the shift finger at the level of the contact 18 with the shift mouthpiece 17. In the switched position of the shift element 15 according to FIG. 4, the shift element 15 is displaced longitudinally by pivoting the shift finger 16. The shift finger 16 swings at least partially out of the first section 17c into the second section 17d. The course of the first section 17c and the second section 17d cannot be separated from one another, since the sections 17c, 17d are described by the continuously rising flanks 17a and 17b which widen the switching mouth from the inside to the outside. The first section 17c roughly describes the contour of the flank from the base 17e of the shift mouthpiece 17 to the level of line d and the second section extends approximately from line d to the level of the edge 19 on the shift mouthpiece 17. In FIG switched position of the switching element 15 remains between the switching finger 16 and the flank 17a, a play X, around which the switching element 15 can move freely to the switching finger 16. The free distance of the switching mouth 17 between the flanks 17a, 17b at the level of the dimension d 'and the contact 20 corresponds to the width d' plus the play X. reference numeral

Switching device 15 switching element

Shift lever 16 Shift finger Guide pin 17 Shift mouth

Gear 17a flankea counter-toothing 17b flank

Locking device 17c first section

Switching gate 17d second section guideway 17e basic guideway 18 contact c stop 19 edge

Shift finger 20 Kontaktta swivel axis b end

switching element

Sliding sleeve a Ring groove b Coupling teeth c Synchronizing element

Spring 0 locking element 0a ball 1 locking recess 1a ramp 2 shift jaw 2a flank 2b flank 2c first section 2d second section 3 shift fork 3a sliding block 4 contact

Claims

claims

Switching device (1) of a change gearbox; which forms a kinematic connection between a shift lever (2) and at least one gear wheel (3), the shift lever (2) being switchable by means of shifting movements at least from a neutral position into a position switched to the gear wheel (3) and at least back to the neutral position is, the switching device (1) at least consisting of:

- A locking device (4) which locks the shift lever (2) in the neutral position, the locking device (4) consisting of at least one spring element (9) loaded locking element (10) and a locking recess (11), the Engages the locking element (10) in the neutral position in the locking recess (11),

- a shifting gate (5), the shifting gate (5) guiding the shift lever (2) during the shifting movements and limiting the shifting path of the shift lever (2) into the switched position with at least one stop (5),

- A shift finger (6, 16), the shift finger (6. 16) being pivotable about a pivot axis (6a) into the switched position by means of the switching movement of the shift lever (2) and by means of the shift lever (2) which can be moved into the neutral position is pivotable back about the pivot axis (6a),

a switching element (7) which can be displaced longitudinally by means of the switching finger (6),

- A shift mouthpiece (12, 17) which is fixed to the shift element (7) and into which the shift finger (6, 16) engages, the free cross section of the Gearshift jaws (12, 17) is delimited longitudinally by two flanks (12a, 12b, 17a, 17b), which at least partially take the shift finger (6,16) longitudinally between them, whereby one of the flanks (12b, 17b) is pivoted by means of the Shift finger (6, 16) is acted on at least until the shift lever (2) is in one of the positions, and the flanks (12a, 12b, 17a, 17b) take the shift finger (6) between them in the neutral position, that there is little play along the narrowest point between the shift finger (6, 16) and between the flanks (12a, 12b, 17a, 17b),

- A sliding sleeve (8) which can be displaced longitudinally in the direction of the gear wheel (3) by means of the ^' switching element (7), the sliding sleeve (8) in the neutral position relative to the gear wheel being rotatable and thereby being at a greater distance to the game is spaced from a synchronizing element (8c) lying longitudinally in the direction of the gear wheel, and wherein the sliding sleeve (8) is non-rotatably coupled to the gear wheel (3) in the switched position and the sliding sleeve (8) in the switched position at least temporarily by one Amount is positively moved longitudinally in the direction of the gear wheel (3) beyond the position specified by the shift lever (2), characterized in that

- The latching recess (11) is followed by a ramp (11a) at least on one side of the latching recess (11), the latching element

(10) on the ramp (11a) by means of the spring (9) biased against the ramp (11a) during the switching movement of the shift lever (2) from the neutral position into the switched position by the spring (8) supports downwards and during the switching movement the shift lever (2) back to the neutral position against the spring (9) until it engages in the

Locking recess (11) is movable upwards. - The locking element (10) in the switched position is held by the spring (9) by means of the stop (5c) in the switching link (4) on the ramp (11a),

- Between the pivoted into the switched position and thereby at one of the flanks (12b, 17b) adjacent shift finger (6,16) along between the shift finger (6,16) and the other of the flanks (12a, 17a), along the narrowest Place, there is a play of movement by which the other of the flanks (12a, 17a) can move freely against the shift finger (6, 16) in the shift position and which is at least as large as the amount by which the sliding sleeve (8 ) can be moved longitudinally in the direction of the gear wheel (3).

Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that a guide pin (2a) coupled at least to the shift lever (2) is guided in the shifting link (4)

Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the latching recess (11) with the ramp (11a) can be pivoted by means of the switching movement against a latching element (10) which is fixedly guided in the change gear in the pivoting direction of the ramp (11a).

Switching device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the latching element (10) is a ball (10a).

Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flanks (12a, 12b), each extending from the inside outwards to the opening of the switching mouth (12), are at least linear, the play in the neutral position between them along parallel ge - Opposing flanks (12a, 12b) and the shift finger (6) is formed so that the play in the switching position is formed between flanks (12a, 12b) and the shift finger (6). Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flanks (17a, 17b), each extending from the inside to the opening of the switching mouth (17), are at least linear in shape and from the inside out to the opening of the switching mouth (17) away from one another, the play in the neutral position and the movement play in the switched position being formed between the flanks (17a, 17b) and the shift finger (16) which are moving away from each other.

Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the game corresponds to a dimension of 0.4 to 0.6 mm.

Switching device according to claim 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that the movement play corresponds to a dimension of 1.2 to 1.7 mm.