Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
  • E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
  • E02D27/01—Flat foundations

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a building foundation structure of the kind defined in the preamble of claim 1.
• the invention relates to a ground-supported foundation structure. Normally, the ground is drained and a capillarity breaking layer of material , e.g. crushed stone, is strewn over a flat and horizontal upper surface of the ground, said material having a particle size of 2— 4mm.
• a capillarity breaking layer of material e.g. crushed stone
• an object of the present invention is to provide a generally smell/odour- impervious foundation structure that can be readily constructed in desired sizes from lightweight elements.
• Foil that is impervious to jusmin odours and that retains its integrity for a very long time in the environment in which it is placed, for example a time period in the order of one hundred to several hundred years, is placed on a supporting surface, suitably a levelled layer, over the ground area.
• the foil is often exposed to ground moisture and moisture of condensation in an environment which will relatively often be acid or contain aggressive substances. Consequently, it is particularly suitable to choose a metallic foil material that can withstand such an environment over a long period of time while still retaining its imperviousness to jusmin odours.
• the foil When the metallic foil, for instance Al-foil, shall be laid essentially directly on the ground levelling layer, so that it will lie in direct contact with the granular material in said layer, the foil will preferably have a relatively large thickness, e.g. a thickness in the order of 0.1 - 1mm, so as to ensure that the foil will not be penetrated when subjected, in time, to the load exerted by a building construction, via the foundation elements, and brought into intimate contact with the levelling layer.
• the metallic foil can be obtained/delivered in roll form and unwound from the roll at the site of the foundation structure and laid over the foundation area.
• the foil will also have a good tear strength, therewith minimising the risk of damaging the foil as it is laid out.
• foil lengths can be lain adjacent one another with a join therebetween, e.g. an overlap join, so as to ensure the imperviousness of the foil layout to smells/odours.
• the overlap foil may have a width which is adapted in this respect and may include a strip or layer of glue, adhesive tape or some readily deformable foil, preferably springy foil, that has substantial width in the breadth direction of the overlap foil and therewith ensure that impermeability to smells and odours is achieved over a wide area in the air leakage direction.
• a single overlap joint between mutually adjacent strips of Al-foil will normally suffice, since such joints are usually pressurised along the whole of their length.
• the levelling surface may, of course, be covered with plastic foil prior to laying out the metallic foil, for instance in order to prevent the ingress of sand/grains into a possible overlap joint between adjacent strips of Al-foil.
• the Al-foil may be laminated with plastic foil if so desired, for instance from a handling aspect, although the relatively thick and odour- proof foil, preferably aluminium foil, used in accordance with the invention is able to retain its integrity for a very long time in its environment, which is often aggressive. The majority of plastic foils would lose their integrity in said environment over the same period of time.
• the odour-proof foil e.g. Al-foil
• the odour-proof foil may, of course, be placed between two layers of heat insulating material included in the foundation structure, in which case the Al-foil may be thinner, because the insulating material defines a smooth and even support surface onto which the foil can be rolled out.
• the object of the invention is achieved.
• the invention is defined in the accompanying independent Claim while further embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent Claims.
• the surface of the ground is first prepared by draining the ground and then laying on the surface a layer of capillarity breaking material, for instance crushed stone, having a particle size of 2-4mm, and thereafter smoothing the layer to obtain a flat and horizontal surface.
• a layer of capillarity breaking material for instance crushed stone, having a particle size of 2-4mm
• Prefabricated standard size sheets or sheets e.g. rectangular sheets, of cellular insulating material, such as foamglas R ' having a thickness of 50mm for instance are laid tightly against each other in a first layer on the crushed stone.
• a further layer of such sheets may optionally be lain in mutual tight abutment on the first layer, wherewith the joins between adjacent sheets of the second layer will be offset in relation to the joins in the first layer.
• the cellular insulating material is preferably foamglas R or some other material that provides an absolute minimum of water adsorption or absorption and that is also highly pressure resistant and safe against vermin and that is effectively heat insulating and diffusion tight.
• the insulating layers are conveniently surrounded by a frame, whose members may consist of sheet metal U-beams, wherein the concave side of respective beams faces towards the interior of the foundation element.
• the area within the frame is filled with pressure-strong heat insulating material, for instance two superposed layers of cellular insulation (2 x 100mm foamglas)
• the frame of the foundation element can be stabilised, by mounting sheet-metal I-beams in said frame parallel with one of the frame U-beams.
• the sheet-metal beams of the foundation element are joined mechanically in a manner to stabilise the element.
• the foundation element may have a thickness of 200mm for example.
• U-beams and I-beams in respect of the foundation element means that the cellular insulating sheets can be shape-bonded to the beams by inserting those sheet portions adjacent the beams into the concave part thereof.
• the upper horizontal flanges of the beams will provide anchorage points for the wall construction of a building erected on the foundation structure.
• the building structure may be of the kind that has the form of a prefabricated box, which is usually produced in a factory situated at some distance from the foundation structure.
• the foundation element may be placed separately on the foundation structure and the components of a loose timber structure or a frame house then mounted on the foundation element and anchored to its sheet-metal flanges.
• sealing foil e.g. plastic foil
• a sealing layer that is comprised of a metal alloy or a metal.
• aluminium foil provides the desired imperviousness to odours, even at thicknesses as small as 0.01mm - although thicker foils will, of course, provide greater security in this respect and will also facilitate construction of the foundation structure, since foils of the type in question can be delivered in rolls from which foil strips can be unwound and flattened and then laid on the foundation structure.
• Figure 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of an inventive foundation structure
• Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of an overlap join between two strips of foil consisting of odour-impervious material
• Figure 3 illustrates a variant of the subject of Figure 1
• Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the subject of Figure 1
• Figures 5, 6, and 7 are respective views of frame elements in a frame construction that can be included in the foundation structure.
• Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of a sheet to which sealing foil has been pre- fitted.
• a drained ground layer 50 which may consist of or be covered with a capillarity barrier, preferably a layer of crushed or broken stone, wherein the upper surface 51 of the barrier 50 is essentially flat and horizontal.
• aluminium foil or metal sheeting 1 1 1 which has a preferred thickness of at least 0.1 mm, and more preferably a thickness of 0.3 - 0.5mm.
• a layer of heat insulating material preferably foamglas.
• Sheets of foamglas 40 are joined together and placed over the foil 1 1 1.
• the sheets 40 are stabilised with the aid of a frame 31 which surrounds at least the mutually joined sheets 40.
• the foil strips When the foil 1 1 1 1 is obtained in the fo ⁇ n of strips whose width is smaller than the width of the foundation structure, the foil strips may be placed with an overlap join 1 12.
• a sealing layer e.g. a time-durable adhesive, may be applied across the width of the join to minimise the danger of smells being transmitted vertically through the mutually joined foils 111.
• a sealed join can be established with the aid of welds, adhesive tape or there technical correspondence.
• Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment in which a layer 17 of heat insulating material, e.g. mutually joined sheets 10 of foamglas, is placed on the surface 51 of the capillarity barrier, wherewith Al-foil is placed on the layer 17, prior to placing the foundation layer, established by the sheets 40 and the frame 31 , on the foil 111.
• a layer 17 of heat insulating material e.g. mutually joined sheets 10 of foamglas
• Figure 4 illustrates a variant in which a further layer 18 of sheets 10, mutually joined at their respective edges, is placed on the foil 111 before the frame with sheets 40 is placed on the layer 18.
• the frame 31 surrounds the foundation layer established by the sheets 40 so as hold the foundation structure together in the horizontal plane, said frame also providing anchorage points for the building to be supported by the foundation structure.
• the exposed parts of the edges of sheets 40 may be recessed to receive the legs of a generally U-shaped frame member 32 (Fig. 5).
• the frame member 32 has roughly the same height as the sheets 40 although the top and bottom surfaces of said sheets are slightly recessed to enable them to receive the legs of the frame members 32.
• FIG. 6 shows that I-beams 37 may be arranged in the joins between adjacent sheets 40, said sheets having in the join regions recesses that receive the flanges of the I-beams so that the I-beams can also have the same height as the sheets 40.
• the free distance of the frame members between said flanges corresponds to the thickness of the sheets of insulating material.
• the flanges on the frame members have only a small thickness, e.g. a thickness of 1mm, and their position above the main surfaces of the sheets normally causes no trouble.
• the frame 31 is normally rectangular in shape and comprises straight, U-shaped sheet metal profiles which are joined together (FIG. 7) at the corner regions of the frame by means of rivets, screw joints, glue joints or corresponding fastener means between overlapping leg portions of sheet metal profiles, which have essentially the same web measurement and a small material thickness, e.g. a thickness of 1 mm.
• pull rods 43 may be extended between the members of the frame 31 so as to hold the frame members together in the horizontal plane.
• the frame 31 with associated heat insulating sheets 40 can fo ⁇ n an integral part of a prefabricated box unit, so that the foundation structure can be completed by placing such a prefabricated box unit onto the foundation structure and supplementing any parts of the foundation that may have been earlier mounted on the site of the foundation structure, wherewith prefabricated box units may be joined together to form the body of a building on the foundation structure.
• the foundation structure can be established in the manner shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, wherein the framework of a building can be erected in accordance with loose timber techniques or block ? techniques and anchored to the frame structure.
• One of the heat insulation layers (17, 18) may be formed by preferably rectangular heat insulating elements 10 that are mutually joined along their edges.
• One main surface of respective elements 10 may be covered with a piece of metal foil 11, preferably aluminium foil.
• the pieces of metal foil 11 on the elements 10 can be sealingly connected with overlap joints, e.g. by overlapping strips 12 of said metal foil on the foil side ot mutually adjacent elements along their respective joins.
• the foil covering on respective elements 10 may have an edge portion 12 that projects out beyond the edges of two mutually adjacent edges and overlaps the foil covering at the edges of said adjacent elements.
• Both of the layers 17, 18 may be built up by joining together such prefabricated sheets 10 provided with a foil covering 11.
• the sheets 10 of said two layers may conveniently be orientated so that their foil cladding 1 1 will be in mutual contact, whereby the insulating sheets 10 of the layers 17, 18 will be separated by two mutually bordering layers of foil material.
• the foil cladding or covering 1 1 on the sheets 10 has an equivalent composition to that of the aforedescribed foil 111.
• joins between the sheets 10 in respective layers 17, 18 will be offset in relation to one another.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Foundations (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Priority Applications (8)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (8)

Citations (8)

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• 2002
  • 2002-03-07 SE SE0200679A patent/SE0200679L/ not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2002-12-13 US US10/495,523 patent/US20050011149A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-12-13 JP JP2003558281A patent/JP2005514543A/ja not_active Ceased
  • 2002-12-13 DE DE60234126T patent/DE60234126D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-12-13 EP EP02793641A patent/EP1466055B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-12-13 CN CNB028252462A patent/CN100476083C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-12-13 WO PCT/SE2002/002318 patent/WO2003057997A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2002-12-13 ES ES02793641T patent/ES2335483T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-12-13 AU AU2002359129A patent/AU2002359129A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-12-13 RU RU2004120068/03A patent/RU2334050C2/ru active IP Right Revival
  • 2002-12-13 AT AT02793641T patent/ATE446416T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-12-13 CA CA002467942A patent/CA2467942A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (8)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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