WO2003046375A1 - Submerged water current turbine - Google Patents

Submerged water current turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003046375A1
WO2003046375A1 PCT/EP2002/012613 EP0212613W WO03046375A1 WO 2003046375 A1 WO2003046375 A1 WO 2003046375A1 EP 0212613 W EP0212613 W EP 0212613W WO 03046375 A1 WO03046375 A1 WO 03046375A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
supporting structure
hydrodynamic
turbine
seabed
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2002/012613
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Roberto Pizzagalli
Original Assignee
Roberto Pizzagalli
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Roberto Pizzagalli filed Critical Roberto Pizzagalli
Priority to AU2002351969A priority Critical patent/AU2002351969A1/en
Publication of WO2003046375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003046375A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydrodynamic apparatus for generating power.
  • a system which is constituted by a turbine that drives an electric generator and is associated with a support that is set on the seabed.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a hydrodynamic apparatus for generating power that overcomes the drawbacks of the cited prior art.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a hydrodynamic apparatus for generating power that is versatile and can be used in locations that can have very different characteristics.
  • An important object of the invention is to provide a hydrodynamic apparatus for generating power whose installation is substantially easier and cheaper than conventional apparatuses.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus that is capable of withstanding particular and violent environmental conditions.
  • Another object is to provide an apparatus with modular characteristics that can be used for a wide range of electric power stations, with very different electric power outputs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of the apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the apparatus, shown in the condition for transportation or navigation;
  • FIG. 6 is a front elevation view of the apparatus, shown in the condition for transportation or navigation;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the apparatus shown in the operating condition, anchored to the seabed;
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in the operating condition, anchored to the seabed;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an electric power station that uses apparatuses according to the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a hydrodynamic motor having a double impeller
  • FIG. 11 is a side section view of the hydrodynamic motor of the preceding figure
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the apparatus, according to a further aspect of the invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the apparatus, according to still a further aspect of the invention.
  • the apparatus according to the invention generally designated by the reference numeral 1 , comprises a supporting structure 2 for a hydrodynamic motor 3 which drives an electric current generator 10.
  • the hydrodynamic motor comprises a turbine that has an impeller with adjustable vanes 4 and is moved by the marine current in order to drive the electric current generator.
  • the vanes of the impeller are adjustable, namely the pitch of the vanes is adjustable.
  • the hydrodynamic motor is associated with the supporting structure through an articulated coupling 12, which allows to adjust the inclination of the motor so that, for example when moving the apparatus, the motor can be tilted in order to reduce bulk and aerodynamic drag, as shown in FIG.s 5 and 6.
  • the turbine is provided with refinements to ensure its hydrodynamic efficiency in relation to the required energy production and, in addition to the mentioned vane adjustment, which can be performed automatically according to the intensity of the marine current, it is ducted and provided with hydrodynamic appendages 11 that facilitate the correct orientation of the turbine following variations in the direction of the marine current.
  • FIGs. 10 and 11 show an hydrodynamic motor 103 comprising a turbine having two impellers 104 and 144 rotating in opposite directions.
  • the first impeller 104 generates a flow which is oriented and can be exploited by the second impeller 144.
  • the impellers 104 and 144 are ducted and mounted on a vertical mount which is able to rotate in order to allow the motor to orientate itself according to the direction of the water current.
  • An apparatus provided with the double turbine describe above may have a power output of 2000 kW with a 2 knot marine current. A reduced mechanical efficiency, due to the double impeller, is more than compensated by the higher power output which doubles the power output of a single impeller motor.
  • the supporting structure 2 allows the apparatus both to float and to submerge.
  • the supporting structure 2 comprises one or more tanks, or floaters 5 which, in the illustrated example, are two and keel-shaped, constituting in practice a catamaran structure.
  • the tanks 5 can include their own propulsion means, such as propulsion and steering propellers, designated respectively by the reference numerals 6 and 7, or can be towed both on the surface and underwater, according to requirements.
  • propulsion and steering propellers designated respectively by the reference numerals 6 and 7, or can be towed both on the surface and underwater, according to requirements.
  • the supporting structure further includes an anchoring means, which is constituted, in the specific case, by articulated excavation units 8 which are actuated hydraulically.
  • the articulated excavation units 8 which are not rigid and allow motion compensation, are adapted to anchor the structure to the seabed 9 in the position chosen for the installation of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus according to the invention can be effectively employed in an electric power station constituted by a plurality of submerged apparatuses which are connected to a land-based station 13, as shown schematically in FIG. 9, by means of conducting cables 14.
  • the apparatuses whose number and arrangement is variable according to specific requirements, are assembled and completed and then towed to the immersion site.
  • the tanks are flooded, in a per se known manner, and the apparatus can be towed to the installation site, where it is anchored by way of the anchoring means.
  • FIG. 12 shows an apparatus 101 , according to a further aspect of the invention, comprising a supporting structure 102 constituted by tanks, or floaters 105 which, in the illustrated example, are two and keel-shaped, constituting in practice a catamaran structure.
  • the supporting structure 102 is provided with its own propulsion means, constituted by tracks, or crawlers, 106, that allow the structure to move on the ground or bottom.
  • the supporting structure 102 further includes an anchoring means, which is constituted, in the specific case, by articulated excavation units 108 which are actuated hydraulically, as described above.
  • FIG. 13 shows an apparatus 201 , according to a further aspect of the invention, wherein the supporting structure 202 is a trimaran structure provided with two side floaters 205 and a center floater 255.
  • the supporting structure 202 may support a number of hydrodynamic motors 3 or 103.
  • a battery of five hydrodynamic motors 3, 103, as in the illustrated example, may have a power output between 50000 and 60000 kW.
  • the invention achieves the intended aim and objects, an apparatus having been provided which can be installed without working underwater, thus avoiding the dangers and costs linked to human underwater work.
  • the apparatus is particularly advantageous also because it is virtually insensitive to weather and geologic events; any seismic movements of the seabed can in fact be compensated by the particular supporting structure, which is simply rested on the seabed, and by the anchoring means.
  • An advantage of the invention especially when the apparatus is installed at great depth, is that the apparatus can be made to resurface in order to work on the surface for maintenance and extraordinary interventions.
  • This adaptability ensures maximum efficiency of the system in any environmental condition and, together with its modular nature, allows to use the apparatus in sites with even very different environmental conditions (for example even rivers and canals), simply by varying the number of submerged apparatuses and their arrangement according to specific requirements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)

Abstract

A power generating hydrodynamic apparatus comprising a supporting structure for a hydrodynamic motor which operates an electric current generator. The apparatus operates submerged, anchored to the seabed, utilizing the marine current, and the structure allows the apparatus to float and to submerge.

Description

SUBMERGED WATER CURRENT TURBINE
The present invention relates to a hydrodynamic apparatus for generating power.
The interest for electric power stations that use so-called renewable energy sources is on the rise and many solutions for their utilization have been proposed. In the field of the utilization of sea energy, tidal power stations that utilize tides have already been designed and built for many years, where tides are significant.
Also, many systems for utilizing wave motion or sea currents have also been proposed.
In particular, a system has been proposed which is constituted by a turbine that drives an electric generator and is associated with a support that is set on the seabed.
This type of system has drawbacks linked first of all to the well-known problems and costs of installing marine structures and also to the fact that the apparatus must be designed expressly for a very specific location, because the characteristics of marine currents are particular and specific for each site.
Another very important problem in the case of fixed marine structures is the vulnerability of those structures to the elements and to events such as seaquakes, earthquakes, et cetera, which in some locations are not at all rare and can damage the structure irreparably or require expensive repairs.
The aim of the present invention is to provide a hydrodynamic apparatus for generating power that overcomes the drawbacks of the cited prior art.
An object of the invention is to provide a hydrodynamic apparatus for generating power that is versatile and can be used in locations that can have very different characteristics.
An important object of the invention is to provide a hydrodynamic apparatus for generating power whose installation is substantially easier and cheaper than conventional apparatuses.
Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus that is capable of withstanding particular and violent environmental conditions.
Another object is to provide an apparatus with modular characteristics that can be used for a wide range of electric power stations, with very different electric power outputs. This aim, these objects and others that will become better apparent hereinafter are achieved by a hydrodynamic apparatus for power as claimed in the appended claims.
Further characteristics and advantages will become better apparent from the description of preferred but not exclusive embodiments of the invention, illustrated only by way of non-limitative example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of the apparatus according to the invention; FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the apparatus according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the apparatus according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the apparatus, shown in the condition for transportation or navigation;
FIG. 6 is a front elevation view of the apparatus, shown in the condition for transportation or navigation;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the apparatus shown in the operating condition, anchored to the seabed;
FIG. 8 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in the operating condition, anchored to the seabed; FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an electric power station that uses apparatuses according to the invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a hydrodynamic motor having a double impeller;
FIG. 11 is a side section view of the hydrodynamic motor of the preceding figure; FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the apparatus, according to a further aspect of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the apparatus, according to still a further aspect of the invention. With reference to the above figures, the apparatus according to the invention, generally designated by the reference numeral 1 , comprises a supporting structure 2 for a hydrodynamic motor 3 which drives an electric current generator 10.
The hydrodynamic motor comprises a turbine that has an impeller with adjustable vanes 4 and is moved by the marine current in order to drive the electric current generator. The vanes of the impeller are adjustable, namely the pitch of the vanes is adjustable.
The hydrodynamic motor is associated with the supporting structure through an articulated coupling 12, which allows to adjust the inclination of the motor so that, for example when moving the apparatus, the motor can be tilted in order to reduce bulk and aerodynamic drag, as shown in FIG.s 5 and 6.
The turbine is provided with refinements to ensure its hydrodynamic efficiency in relation to the required energy production and, in addition to the mentioned vane adjustment, which can be performed automatically according to the intensity of the marine current, it is ducted and provided with hydrodynamic appendages 11 that facilitate the correct orientation of the turbine following variations in the direction of the marine current.
FIGs. 10 and 11 show an hydrodynamic motor 103 comprising a turbine having two impellers 104 and 144 rotating in opposite directions. The first impeller 104 generates a flow which is oriented and can be exploited by the second impeller 144.
The impellers 104 and 144 are ducted and mounted on a vertical mount which is able to rotate in order to allow the motor to orientate itself according to the direction of the water current. An apparatus provided with the double turbine describe above may have a power output of 2000 kW with a 2 knot marine current. A reduced mechanical efficiency, due to the double impeller, is more than compensated by the higher power output which doubles the power output of a single impeller motor.
The supporting structure 2 allows the apparatus both to float and to submerge.
For this purpose, the supporting structure 2 comprises one or more tanks, or floaters 5 which, in the illustrated example, are two and keel-shaped, constituting in practice a catamaran structure.
The tanks 5 can include their own propulsion means, such as propulsion and steering propellers, designated respectively by the reference numerals 6 and 7, or can be towed both on the surface and underwater, according to requirements.
The supporting structure further includes an anchoring means, which is constituted, in the specific case, by articulated excavation units 8 which are actuated hydraulically.
The articulated excavation units 8, which are not rigid and allow motion compensation, are adapted to anchor the structure to the seabed 9 in the position chosen for the installation of the apparatus.
The apparatus according to the invention can be effectively employed in an electric power station constituted by a plurality of submerged apparatuses which are connected to a land-based station 13, as shown schematically in FIG. 9, by means of conducting cables 14.
The apparatuses, whose number and arrangement is variable according to specific requirements, are assembled and completed and then towed to the immersion site. For the immersion, the tanks are flooded, in a per se known manner, and the apparatus can be towed to the installation site, where it is anchored by way of the anchoring means.
During immersion, the apparatus can be remote-controlled from the surface and can move by using its own propulsion means to the anchoring point, where the anchoring means is actuated, again by remote control. FIG. 12 shows an apparatus 101 , according to a further aspect of the invention, comprising a supporting structure 102 constituted by tanks, or floaters 105 which, in the illustrated example, are two and keel-shaped, constituting in practice a catamaran structure. The supporting structure 102 is provided with its own propulsion means, constituted by tracks, or crawlers, 106, that allow the structure to move on the ground or bottom.
The supporting structure 102 further includes an anchoring means, which is constituted, in the specific case, by articulated excavation units 108 which are actuated hydraulically, as described above.
FIG. 13 shows an apparatus 201 , according to a further aspect of the invention, wherein the supporting structure 202 is a trimaran structure provided with two side floaters 205 and a center floater 255.
The supporting structure 202 may support a number of hydrodynamic motors 3 or 103.
A battery of five hydrodynamic motors 3, 103, as in the illustrated example, may have a power output between 50000 and 60000 kW.
In practice, it has been found that the invention achieves the intended aim and objects, an apparatus having been provided which can be installed without working underwater, thus avoiding the dangers and costs linked to human underwater work.
The apparatus is particularly advantageous also because it is virtually insensitive to weather and geologic events; any seismic movements of the seabed can in fact be compensated by the particular supporting structure, which is simply rested on the seabed, and by the anchoring means.
An advantage of the invention, especially when the apparatus is installed at great depth, is that the apparatus can be made to resurface in order to work on the surface for maintenance and extraordinary interventions.
In order to adjust the position of the turbine, in relation to variations in the intensity and direction of the currents, it is possible to use systems that are already known in the art.
This adaptability ensures maximum efficiency of the system in any environmental condition and, together with its modular nature, allows to use the apparatus in sites with even very different environmental conditions (for example even rivers and canals), simply by varying the number of submerged apparatuses and their arrangement according to specific requirements.
The apparatus according to the invention is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, within the scope of the appended claims; all the details may be replaced with other technically equivalent elements. The materials used, as well as the dimensions, may of course be any according to requirements and to the state of the art.

Claims

1. A hydrodynamic apparatus for generating power, comprising a supporting structure for a hydrodynamic motor operating an electric current generator, characterized in that the apparatus operates submerged, anchored to the seabed, utilizing the marine current, and in that the structure allows the apparatus to float and to submerge.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that said hydrodynamic motor comprises a turbine having an impeller with adjustable vanes and is driven by the marine current in order to actuate said electric current generator.
3. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said vanes are provided with a device for dynamically adjusting the pitch angle of said vanes as a function of the speed of the flow of the marine current.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said hydrodynamic motor is associated with the supporting structure by means of an articulated coupling for adjusting of the inclination of the motor.
5. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said hydrodynamic motor is associated with the supporting structure so that it can rotate about it in order to catch the maximum thrust cross- section of the currents.
6. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said turbine has two impellers rotating in opposite directions.
7. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said turbine is ducted and has hydrodynamic appendages adapted to facilitate the correct orientation of the turbine following variations in the direction of the marine current.
8. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said supporting structure comprises one or more keel- shaped tanks.
9. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said supporting structure comprises is self propelled.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that said supporting structure comprises propulsion and steering propellers.
11. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that said supporting structure comprises track or crawler adapted to move said structure on the ground or seabed.
12. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said supporting structure comprises an anchoring means adapted to anchor said structure to the seabed.
13. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said anchoring means comprises articulated excavation units which are actuated hydraulically.
14. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said articulated excavation units are not rigid and can compensate motion.
15. An electric power station, comprising one or more hydrodynamic apparatuses generating electric current, which are submerged and connected to a land-based station, characterized in that each one of said apparatuses comprises a supporting structure for a hydrodynamic motor operating an electric current generator and is characterized in that said apparatus works while submerged, anchored to the seabed, utilizing the marine current, and in that the structure allows the apparatus to float and to submerge.
PCT/EP2002/012613 2001-11-29 2002-11-12 Submerged water current turbine WO2003046375A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002351969A AU2002351969A1 (en) 2001-11-29 2002-11-12 Submerged water current turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2001MI002505A ITMI20012505A1 (en) 2001-11-29 2001-11-29 HYDRODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE GENERATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
ITMI2001A002505 2001-11-29

Publications (1)

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WO2003046375A1 true WO2003046375A1 (en) 2003-06-05

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IT (1) ITMI20012505A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003046375A1 (en)

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WO2008125285A2 (en) * 2007-04-11 2008-10-23 Openhydro Group Limited A system and method for the deployment of a tidal turbine
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EP3037654A1 (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-06-29 Openhydro IP Limited Adaptive hydroelectric turbine system
EP3037652A1 (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-06-29 Openhydro IP Limited A displacement system and method for a submersible electrical system
US9473046B2 (en) 2009-09-29 2016-10-18 Openhydro Ip Limited Electrical power conversion system and method
US9765647B2 (en) 2010-11-09 2017-09-19 Openhydro Ip Limited Hydroelectric turbine recovery system and a method therefor
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