WO2003023908A1

WO2003023908A1 - Bar that can be subjected to a current

Info

Publication number: WO2003023908A1
Application number: PCT/AT2002/000261
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas Konrad
Original assignee: Kloiber, Otto
Priority date: 2001-09-10
Filing date: 2002-09-10
Publication date: 2003-03-20
Also published as: ATA14252001A; AT411307B

Abstract

The invention relates to a bar (1) that can be subjected to an electric current and that is designed for installation on or in walls, floors, ceilings, especially for household, business or industrial applications. Said bar comprises a plurality of conductor rods (4, 5, 6, 7), disposed in a support body (3) and extending in parallel to a longitudinal extension of the bar (1), that are insulated from one another and can be contacted by way of an adapter. At least one conductor rod (4, 5) for a ground potential along a small lateral face (8, 9) of the bar (1) is disposed with at least one electroconductive lateral face (10) and the bar (1) has at least two further conductor rods (5, 7) that can be contacted in any position along the longitudinal extension via at least one face (11, 12) through recesses (13, 14) provided by the manufacturer.

Description

Power supply bar

The invention describes a bar to which electrical current can be applied, and an adapter for placing on a bar as required, as described in claims 1, 2 and 21.

Numerous busbars for supplying electrical consumers are already known from the prior art.

DE 197 16 046 AI is a current-carrying bar for arrangement on room walls,

Room floors, room ceilings and the like. Known, the bar along its length having a plurality of current tapping points arranged with the same, close spacing, which can be contacted via adapters that can be inserted into the bar. The current tapping points are formed by receiving holes for current tapping pins of an adapter formed in the bar. By arranging these current tapping points at the same narrow intervals, the

Possibility created to mount consumers, for example lamps, according to these distances, but it is often necessary for flush mounting to make a power tap at any point along a longitudinal extension of the bar, which is not possible with the solution presented here.

From DE 91 16 090 Ul, a kit for a busbar system with electrical system elements, such as lighting elements and other electrical elements, is known, the kit being attachable to walls, ceilings, etc. a busbar with electrical conductors and attachable to the busbar and with the electrical ones Includes conductors electrically connectable lighting elements and conductors for mains voltage and

Conductor for low voltage, can be accommodated in a substantially parallel arrangement in a one-part or multi-part housing, system elements being connectable to the busbar. Due to the arrangement of conductors for low voltage and for alternating voltage, the main area of application of the proposed kit is essentially restricted to lighting purposes with mains voltage or low voltage, such as halogen lights. Due to the optional equipment of the busbar system, depending on how it is to be operated, the installation of such a kit is complicated or requires specialist knowledge and for this reason cannot be installed by anyone, especially not without specialist personnel. From DE 39 33 703 C2 is a busbar for electrical contacting of devices, consisting of a flat-elongated, electrically-insulating plastic profile, in which longitudinally electrically conductive, rigid current conductors are embedded, which are completely enclosed by the plastic material, the plastic profile in Has spacing from one another and transversely to its longitudinal axis, groove-shaped recesses, which in each case release the current conductors across the width of the recess, which contact the electrical contact members when they are placed on the device in cover with the current strips. The disadvantage here is that in this embodiment the leading contacting of a protective conductor cannot be accomplished or can only be accomplished with greater mechanical effort, as a result of which not all protective measures can be taken.

Furthermore, DE 40 11 478 Cl describes a device for installing electrical consumers, such as Lamps, consisting of a busbar and electrical conductors arranged in it that are electrically insulated and accessible through a slot, a feeder part for powering at least one adapter for the electrical connection between the busbar-shaped conductors of the busbar and the electrical consumer, and connecting pieces for mechanical and / or electrical connection several busbars laid at an abutment or at an angle to one another are known. The conductor rail consists of a flat profile bar, on which a plurality of chambers with essentially the same cross-section are formed on both sides of a flat side by means of webs which protrude at right angles and extend in the longitudinal direction of the rail, into which the rail-shaped conductors are parallel to one another and on the surfaces facing away from one another of the profile bar are used, with six chambers being formed on each profile bar flat side, five of which are filled with conductors and one is designed as a hollow chamber, and in addition to each of the row of six chambers thus formed, a further chamber is formed on both sides as a receptacle for mechanical connecting means , A disadvantage of such an embodiment is its complex structure and the relatively high mechanical production outlay for the busbar and the large design, which limits the area of use for such a busbar.

Furthermore, DE 38 17 440 AI proposes a busbar which has a housing-like guide channel made of a metal or plastic profile, along the inside of which two or more metal conductors are arranged parallel to one another. Adapters for power supply and / or removal can be coupled to it. To improve the contact by means of reliable contact pressure, contact sleeves for receiving contact pins of the adapters are molded into the metal conductor contact rails at grid intervals. The contact sleeves have at least two sleeve sections, which are arranged on spring bars formed by the contact rails themselves. A disadvantage of this embodiment of the busbar is the relatively large design and that the busbars are mainly suitable for surface mounting, whereby a power tap cannot be carried out at any point.

In addition, DE 298 00 113 U1 proposes a current-carrying bar with a pickup, which is made of plastic and has a cavity which is accessible through a longitudinal slot and contains electrical conductor tracks which are accessible from the interior of the cavity and with at least one foot slidably inserted therein Current collector which has contact elements in contact with the conductor tracks and which has an external head which is designed as a socket known per se. The disadvantage of this rail is that it is only intended for surface mounting, on the one hand, and is only accessible on one side, which eliminates the possibility of accessing the same bar from both sides of a wall.

The invention is based, to simplify the assembly of an electrical installation, in particular in the household, for trade or industry, the task is to be largely prefabricated and also to be able to be changed later without complex wiring work. Furthermore, structurally very compact components are to be created, so that their arrangement is possible even in narrow walls.

The object of the invention is achieved independently of one another by the features of claims 1 and 2. The advantage resulting from the combinations of features of the characterizing parts of these claims can be seen in the fact that the special arrangement of the at least one conductor bar for the earth potential creates the possibility of attaching an adapter in such a way that it leads to premature contact closure with the conductor bar for the earth potential comes on when attaching and a lagging contact solution when removing the adapter from the bar. This makes it very easy to comply with various national or international regulations, such as ÖVE EN 1, which includes information about the

Protection against accidental contact makes. A very significant advantage can also be seen in the fact that the conductor bars of the bar can optionally be contacted from both broad sides at any position along the longitudinal extent of the bar and thereby a very large area of application for the bar, for example for use in a flush-mounted installation, Surface installation or the like can be created. Another advantage is rin to see that in a design of the bar, according to claims 1 or 2, this can be used both for the prefabrication of an electrical installation for prefabricated houses or prefabricated concrete parts, with the prefabrication not taking into account the later, actual arrangement of lamps or sockets must become.

A further development according to claim 3 is also possible. The resultant advantage can be seen in the fact that the protection of the conductor bars against mechanical damage or corrosion is increased, or protection against contact to protect people and / or animals can be ensured.

In a further development according to claim 4, the advantage can be achieved that the bar can be prefabricated in the factory in such a way that no further recesses need to be made later when installing or starting up an electrical installation and for this reason there are times for the installation or start-up of such Bar or an electrical installation with such a bar can be shortened.

An advantageous embodiment of the grooves is described in claim 5. If the groove depth is dimensioned with a quarter of the transverse dimension of the narrow side surface of the support body, contact can be made with a side surface of the conductor bar which faces a narrow side surface of the support body, with the groove depth being dimensioned with two thirds of the transverse dimension of the side surface the groove can be carried out on the conductor bar and thus lateral contacting of the conductor bar can be achieved. Such a deep configuration of the groove means that the contact elements can be securely received in the grooves when the strip is contacted with the adapter.

A further development according to claim 6 is also possible, the resulting advantage being the fact that unintentional loosening or sliding out of the contact elements from the strip or the grooves can be effectively prevented.

In a procedure according to claim 7, the advantage is achieved that protection against accidental contact, which is required in many national and international regulations, can be achieved very easily and furthermore an insulation resistance between the conductor bars can be increased. A further development according to claim 8 is also possible, whereby the advantage can be achieved that no recesses have to be provided in the factory and these can be made very easily during assembly or commissioning of the strip.

In a development of the attachable recesses according to claim 9, the advantage is achieved that they are very easy to attach by anyone and no auxiliary tools are to be used.

The advantage in claim 10 is achieved that a correct position of the recesses to be made can be determined very easily and thereby a safe one

Release of a partial area of a side surface, another conductor rod, is achieved, whereby the formation of faulty recesses is effectively avoided.

Claim 11 describes advantageous distances between the groove base of the groove-like recess and the further conductor bars, an insulating web being formed by this distance, which acts as protection against contact and increases the insulation resistance between the conductor bars.

The embodiment of claim 12 has the advantage that the conductor bar for the earth potential is accessible without insulation on the circumference of the strip, but is arranged to be largely protected against contact or mechanical damage.

An embodiment according to claim 13 is very advantageous, since it enables the strip to be reshaped or bent at corners or edges without causing damage to the strip or the conductor bars, as a result of which installation times can be shortened considerably and none Connecting elements, such as corner connectors or the like, are necessary. This also makes it possible for the bar to be manufactured endlessly and, for example, wound onto a bundle and does not have to be cut to length.

A development according to claim 14 is also possible, whereby the advantage is achieved that the strip can be protected from mechanical damage on the one hand by the cover element, and on the other hand the recesses can also be covered and thus people and / or animals are protected from touching the conductor bars. However, it is also possible to borrow a very elegant design by designing the cover element as a cover strip. To achieve design of the cover element and thus to achieve a very high level of acceptance of such a bar, especially for living rooms.

The feature of claim 15 has the advantage that the bar with the cover element can be integrated in a cover bar, such as a chair bar, and the bar according to the invention is therefore very suitable for retrofitting in living areas.

A further development according to claim 16 ensures a secure connection between the support body and the cover element or the cover strip.

A very simple and tried and tested way of arranging the bar on walls, floors or ceilings is explained in more detail in claim 17.

A further development according to claim 18 is also possible, whereby the advantage can be achieved that further lines, for example for low current, data or signals or lines for gaseous or liquid media, such as compressed air, can be accommodated in the bar and thereby the bar in workshop operation or can also be used very well in medical technology.

A development according to claim 19 has the advantage that at least one further conductor bar can be effectively shielded against interference fields.

An embodiment according to claim 20 is also possible, thereby making it possible to use the conductor bar for the earth potential as shielding. With such a configuration and the use of the bar in a house installation, for example, mains disconnections or the like can be omitted, since no electrical or magnetic interference fields can emerge from the bar by means of shielding.

The object of the invention is achieved independently but also in claim 21. The advantage resulting from the characterizing part of this claim is to be seen in the fact that a device for power consumption on a bar can be created according to claims 1 to 20, wherein the claw-like extensions secure guidance of the adapter on the bar is achieved and a leading Contacting the conductor bar for the earth potential when the adapter is placed on the bar or a subsequent release of the contact with the conductor bar for the earth potential when removing the adapter from the bar can be achieved. In an embodiment according to claim 22, the advantage can be achieved that a very compact design can be achieved by the arrangement of the further contact elements between the claw-like extensions, which is also mechanically very robust, since the claw-like extensions provide protection for the further contact elements from mechanical damage - Gen, such as twisting, can be achieved.

A further development according to claim 23 is also possible, which can thereby be achieved as an advantage that the adapter can be equipped for multifunctional use, since all the electrical conductors known from the prior art are connected to the plug-in, clamp or screw connections can be fastened and the connection of feed or connection cables is very simple.

Claims 24 to 27 describe advantageous, factory-pre-wired adapters with electrical consumers, coupling elements or protective elements, as a result of which installation times can be shortened considerably and a user can fall back on a large number of complete customer units pre-manufactured at the factory, as a result of which assembly can be carried out without specialist personnel.

A further development of the contact elements according to claim 28 has the advantage that when the adapter is positively and non-positively connected to the bar, the contact elements are reliably contacted to the conductor bars.

An embodiment according to claim 29 is also possible, the advantage that can be achieved thereby is that self-tapping screws, such as are commercially available in a variety of forms, can be used for making contact, and reliable contacting or protection against later Slipping of the contact elements or the adapter is given.

The feature of claim 30 describes the advantageous arrangement of clamping or latching means on the contact elements, these clamping or latching means being designed corresponding to the clamping or latching means of the grooves in the strip and ensuring a secure connection of the clamping elements in the grooves.

The advantage achieved by a configuration according to claim 31 is that when at least one conductor bar is sheathed with a shield when contacting the contact no earth fault is formed or that protection against contact can be achieved by the electrical insulation of at least a portion of the outer surface of the contact element.

Claim 32 shows a particularly convenient possibility of arranging the adapter on the bar. Preferably, the adapter can be snapped onto the bar without auxiliary tools, but it is also possible for auxiliary tools to be used for snapping on, as is known from the prior art, for example by snapping various components onto top-hat rails.

A mechanically very stable possibility of connection between the bar and the adapter is described in claim 33. The retraction in the bar and the engagement of the claw-like extensions in this retraction effectively prevent the adapter from accidentally sliding off the bar, but the displaceability of the adapter along the length of the bar remains guaranteed.

A further development of the adapter according to claim 34 has the advantage that lines which are attached to the adapter can also be fastened in such a way that unintentional loosening of electrical connections due to the action of mechanical forces is effectively avoided.

By the embodiment according to claim 35, the advantage is achieved that contact elements can be covered with a cover element, whereby protection against touching the contact elements can be achieved in a very simple manner, the connection of lines remaining possible by arranging the recess.

A further development according to claim 36 is also possible, whereby the advantage is achieved that the recess is only made when necessary, otherwise the cover element has a closed surface and thus the protection against unintentional contact with the contact elements can be further increased, and corrosion - And / or moisture protection can be achieved.

A configuration according to claim 37 makes it possible in a very simple manner to contact two strips which are butted against one another. When using the bar or the adapter according to claim 38, the advantage can be achieved that an electrical installation for prefabricated walls or prefabricated houses or precast concrete parts can be prefabricated to a high degree in the factory.

Through the use according to claim 39, the advantage is achieved that different kits, which are used in particular for retrofitting an electrical installation, can be put together, which can be assembled, in particular without specialist personnel.

An advantageous use according to claim 40 has the advantage that electrical installations can be carried out using the strip according to the invention, without switches,

Switch or lamp wire or corresponding conductors must be wired between the switches.

The advantage of the use according to claim 41 can be seen in the fact that, especially for the subsequent arrangement of an electrical installation in rooms, a very space-saving or simple possibility is created and therefore this bar achieves a very high level of user acceptance and can also be assembled without specialist personnel.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

Show it:

1 shows a strip according to the invention for the application of electrical current, cut according to lines I - 1 in FIG. 2;

Fig. 2 is a view of the bar of Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is another view of the bar with partially attached cover elements.

Figure 4 shows the bar in assembly with an adapter, in a sectional view.

Figure 5 is a view of the bar when assembled with the adapter.

Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of the bar for loading with electric current, cut according to lines VI - VI in Fig. 7;

Fig. 7 is a view of the bar of Fig. 6;

8 shows another embodiment of the strip according to the invention with three conductor bars and one channel;

9 shows another embodiment of the bar with a shielded line arranged therein;

10 shows another exemplary embodiment of the line according to the invention, the conductor bar for the earth potential simultaneously serving as shielding for the further conductor bars;

Fig. 11 shows an application example of the bar or adapter, especially in one

Flush installation;

Fig. 12 shows another application example of the bar or the adapter, in particular for surface installation.

As an introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, and the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. The location information selected in the description, e.g. above, below, laterally etc. refer to the figure described and illustrated immediately and are to be transferred to the new position in the event of a change of position. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can also represent independent, inventive or inventive solutions.

1 to 5 a bar 1, to which electrical current can be applied, is shown, which is engaged in FIGS. 4 and 5 with an adapter 2. The strip 1 has a plurality of conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 embedded in a support body 3 and running parallel to a longitudinal axis extension of the strip 1 and insulated from one another. The conductor bars 4, 5 are provided for an earth potential and each arranged along a narrow side surface 8, 9 of the strip 1, with at least one electrically conductive side surface 10. The at least two further conductor bars 6, 7 can be contacted via at least one broad side surface 11, 12 through recesses 13, 14 provided at the factory at any position along the longitudinal extension of the strip 1.

As shown, the strip 1 can have two conductor bars 4, 5, which are provided for the ground potential and are arranged on the narrow side faces 8, 9. The narrow side surfaces 8, 9 expediently have a retraction 15, which serve to receive the conductor bars 4, 5 and embed them on three side surfaces 10. By such

Design results in a groove-shaped depression that can be used as a guide rail for the adapter 2. In addition, however, mechanical protection for the conductor bars 4, 5 is achieved and it is prevented that when the bar 1 is touched by assembly personnel, there is contact between the hands of the assembly personnel and the conductor bars 4, 5, which could possibly corrode them more easily.

The strip 1 can be made of flexibly deformable materials, the support body 3 of the strip 1 being made of an electrically non-conductive material, preferably of plastic, and the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 made of an electrically highly conductive material, in particular - Special consist of a metal such as copper or aluminum.

It is possible to design the support body 3 as a profile and to subsequently use the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7, it being possible to allow relative movements between the support body 3 and the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 or to do this, in particular by gluing, to connect with each other. In the manufacture of bar 1, all from the state of the

Techniques known in the art, such as co-extrusion, are used, but it is also possible to produce the strip 1 as a sandwich construction which is glued or welded.

The bar 1 can be brought from the factory into easy-to-use format lengths, whereby

Individual pieces of the bar 1 are connected to each other with a later assembly using the adapter 2. Alternatively, the strip 1 can be manufactured endlessly and wound up, for example, on a bundle.

It is possible to design the strip 1 to be flexibly deformable, so that when the strip is assembled, ste 1 this, for example at angles in a room, can be bent without the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 or the supporting body 3 being damaged. As a result, the strip 1 can be adapted to any conditions in a room, in particular any circumstances, of walls, ceilings or floors, without the need for coupling parts, intermediate pieces or connecting elements. Additionally or optionally, however, it may also be possible to manufacture connecting devices at the factory, which are designed in particular for the right-angled or butt connection of individual pieces of the strip 1. Furthermore, it is possible to connect the connection of two individual pieces by means of two adapters 2, which are connected to one another via an additional line connection, as will be described in more detail in a later part.

The recesses 13, 14 can be formed as grooves, it being possible for these to protrude into the supporting body 3 by more than a quarter, in particular half, for example two thirds, of a transverse dimension 16 of the narrow side surface 8, 9, the recesses 13, 14 are guided laterally past the conductor bars 6, 7, but each form a side face 10 of the conductor bars 6, 7, at least part of a groove flank of the recesses 13, 14.

However, it is also possible not to pass the recesses 13, 14 laterally past the conductor bars 5, 6, as described above, but to arrange them on a side surface 10 facing the broad side surfaces 11, 12 in the support body 3, as shown in broken lines in FIG is. It is important in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 that the recesses 13, 14 are made in such a way that at least a portion of a side surface 10 of the conductor bar 6, 7, which is electrically non-insulated, is released and by the adapter 2 can be contacted, as will be described in more detail below. The recesses 13, 14 or the grooves can be equipped with clamping or locking means 17 on at least one of their inner surfaces.

In order to ensure protection against direct contact of the conductor bars 6, 7 by people and / or animals, as is also required in numerous national and international regulations such as ÖVE EN 1, it is possible to at least partially remove the strip 3 from a cover element 20 sheathed to train. The cover element 20 can be formed, for example, by a profile made of plastic. The strip 1 or the cover element 20 can be further clad with a cover strip, such as a chair strip made of wood, ceramic, stone or metal. To connect the bar 1 to the cover element 20, locking, plug-in or clamping elements 21 can be provided, which are arranged on the support body 3 and / or on the cover element 20 and are used for the positive and / or non-positive connection of these two elements.

The strip 1 with the cover element 20 and possibly the cover strip can be designed as a clip system, whereby repeated assembly or disassembly on walls, floors or ceilings can be made possible. It is possible to provide the strip 1 for fixed installation on the walls and to design the cover element 20 or the cover strip to be removable, as is also possible to design the entire strip 1 with the cover element 20 and the cover strip for repeated assembly or disassembly , All clamp, snap or snap connections known from the prior art can be used for the clip system.

The cross section of the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 can be the same size in one embodiment of the

Bar 1, as in FIGS. 1 to 5, with two conductor bars 4, 5 for the earth potential, it is also possible for these conductor bars, with respect to the further conductor bars 6, 7, to have a smaller cross section, for example half the cross section, train. The cross section of the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 can have any shape, for example be angular or round or oval.

It is possible to adapt the cross section of the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 to the nominal currents of fuses. In the case of copper conductors, a minimum cross section of 1.5 mm ^{2 should} be provided, for example for the protection of a line with 13 A, or a minimum cross section of 2.5 mm ² for protection with 16 A. For reasons of mechanical strength, however, it is advisable to dimension the conductor bars larger.

For corrosion protection, the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 can also be surface-treated, in particular coated, for example metal-coated.

If the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 are dimensioned larger in their cross-section than would be necessary due to a fuse to be used, it is possible to choose the material of the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 differently, for example copper or aluminum not so high purity, that is to say with a poor electrical conductivity, and thus to reduce the material costs during production. It is also to increase the mechanical strength It is possible to design the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 from different materials, for example in the form of a two-metal strip, one metal being responsible for the mechanical strength and the other being used for the electrical conduction of the current. For example, iron or brass rods with a copper coating could be used.

At least one conductor rod 4 for the ground contact and two further conductor rods 6, 7, which are used, for example, as phase and neutral conductors, are arranged in the supporting body 3. However, it is also possible to arrange one or more conductor bars 4, 5 for the earth potential, three phases and a neutral conductor, as is also possible in the supporting body 3, various other conductor bars for low voltage and / or telecommunications and / or bus systems and / or data transmission systems and / or to integrate alarm systems and / or audio or video systems and / or television and / or light calls and / or signaling or interference devices etc.

In addition to the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7, all cables known from the prior art can also be embedded in the support body 3. To attach further lines or cables, it is possible for the supporting body 3 to have at least one cavity 22 (see FIG. 8) along its longitudinal extent in the form of a channel. The cavity 22 can be closed or can also be opened on at least one surface which is arranged parallel to the longitudinal extent.

The cavity 22 can be used to hold lines of any kind, for example it is possible to arrange lines for liquid or gaseous media therein, such as a compressed air line or an oxygen line, whereby the area of use of such a bar 1 can be increased very much, and preferably so for workshops or for medical technology, for example in intensive medical treatment centers.

It is possible to form at least one of the further conductor bars 6, 7 with a shield against interference fields, the shielding being embedded in the supporting body 3 and encasing the further conductor bar 6, 7 parallel to its longitudinal extent. The shielding can be formed, for example, by a wire mesh. Furthermore, the at least one conductor bar 4, 5 for the earth potential can be designed as a hollow profile, for example as a shaped tube, which electrically insulates the other conductor bars 6, 7 from one another in its interior. takes. With such an arrangement, electric fields can be effectively avoided, whereby load shedding circuits, as are known from the prior art, and for sleeping or living areas in which no electric or magnetic field is desired, are used.

The adapter 2, which is designed to be placed on the bar 1 as required and to be positively and / or positively engaged, has a housing 23 and is used to establish electrical connections to at least one of the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 of the bar 1 The housing 23 is designed to at least partially encompass the bar 1 transversely to its longitudinal extent with claw-like projections 24, which have contact elements 25 with contact surfaces 26, which make contact with at least one conductor bar 4, 5 for the earth potential along a narrow side surface 8 , 9 serve the bar 1. The housing 23 of the adapter 2 also has two further contact elements 27, 28 with contact surfaces 26 which are designed for contacting the at least two further conductor bars 6, 7 of the strip 1.

The further contact elements 27, 28 are arranged between the claw-like extensions 24. The contact elements 25, 27, 28 can have plug, clamp or screw connections 29 at the end areas facing away from the contact surfaces 24 for connecting electrical conductors.

It is possible, as shown schematically in dashed lines in FIG. 4, to electrically connect the adapter 2 at the factory to a consumer or a coupling element, such as, for example, a protective contact socket, and thus to form a complete customer unit 30. Consumers connected to the contact elements 25, 27, 28 in the factory can be lights or transformers, for example. It is also possible to wire device connection sockets for electrical consumers to the adapter 2 in the factory.

Coupling elements, which can be fixedly connected to the contact elements 25, 27, 28 at the factory, can be, for example, couplings, telephone or data or audio or video, junction boxes due to high and / or low current. At this point it should be expressly pointed out that, depending on the type or the amount or the purpose of the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 arranged in the strip 1, the type or the purpose of the consumers which can be connected to it is also coupled. The adapters 2 are also to be designed in accordance with these design variants and can be any known junction boxes or coupling elements for the connection of electrical consumers or for feeding electrical energy.

Furthermore, the contact elements 25, 27, 28 can be equipped with radio actuator units, in particular with a transmitting and / or receiving unit for controlling the supply of if necessary

Consumers, in particular switching lights on and off, must be connected at the factory. This makes it possible in a simple manner to set up a standard house installation with switches, switchable lamps or light outlets, as well as protective contact sockets with the strip 1, the adapter 2 and complete customer units 30, in particular with radio actuator units.

By using radio actuator units, it is possible to set up a house installation without switch wires, lamp wires or corresponding wires between two-way switches, since all of these lines are set up wirelessly via radio links. This makes it possible to set up a house installation using three-wire technology, i.e. phase - neutral conductor - earth potential, so that strip 1 only has to contain these three conductor bars.

The adapter 2 or its housing 23 can also be configured at the factory with at least one protective element 31, for example an automatic circuit breaker or an FI circuit breaker. Adapters 2 designed in this way are provided for feeding electrical energy into the strip 1, and the arrangement of the protective element 31 makes it very easy to switch off all downstream consumers or the downstream electrical installation or provide protection against overcurrents or fault currents such as these For example, when a person touches a phase.

Of course, it is also possible to design the adapter 2 with mains test circuits, switches or mains isolating relays. Furthermore, the adapter 2 can also accommodate a contactor or a relay for a bus-compatible building installation system, which makes it possible to switch certain areas of an installation remotely, for example via a PC, to de-energize them.

To establish a spark-free contact between the contact elements 25, 27, 28 and the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 in the form-fitting and / or non-positive connection with the strip 1, it is expedient to assign the spring elements to the contact elements 25, 27, 28. These are not visible in the drawings, but it should be noted that these can be formed in any form known for the purpose of spark-free contacting of electrical consumers.

It is also possible that at least one contact element 25, 27, 28 is formed with, in particular self-tapping, screws, which establishes the safe and spark-free contact with the conductor bars by screwing them into the latter. For example, adapters 2 can thus be designed to produce a connection between two individual pieces of strips 1 standing bluntly one on top of the other, the contact elements 25, 27, 28 only having to be double and formed with a metal strip which is equipped on both sides with a self-tapping screw is.

It is possible that clamping or latching means 35 (see FIG. 4) are arranged on at least one outer surface of the contact elements 25, 27, 28. The clamping and / or latching means 35 are designed to correspond to the clamping and / or latching means 17 and have the function of maintaining an electrical connection between the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 and the contact elements 25, 27, 28 without interruption or spark-free to maintain and prevent the undesired sliding of the contact elements 25, 27, 28 from the bar 1.

The contact elements 25, 27, 28 can have electrically insulated outer surfaces, at least in some areas, whereby on the one hand protection against contact can be achieved, on the other hand, as a result of the formation of conductor bars 6, 7 with shielding or the formation of the conductor bar 4, 5 for the earth potential Hollow body an earth fault between the conductor rod 4, 5 for the earth potential or the shield and the other conductor rods 6, 7 is avoided.

The housing 23 or the contact elements 25 for establishing a connection to earth potential can be designed to snap onto the strip 1. It is possible to attach screw tabs or the like for additional fastening, as a result of which subsequent slipping of the adapter 2 in the longitudinal direction of the strip 1 can be avoided.

The form-fitting and / or non-positive engagement of the adapter 2 in the strip 1, which can be produced as required, can be achieved both via the claw-like extensions 24 of the adapter 2 and via the contact elements 25 for contact with the conductor bar 4, 5 for the earth potential. A dimensioning of the recesses 13, 14 described above can be made such that penetration into these and touching the further conductor bars 6, 7 with the fingers is not possible.

It is possible to offset the contact elements 25, 27, 28 from one another and thus to achieve a distinctive character of the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7 to be contacted. The unmistakability of the further conductor bars 6, 7 is particularly important, for example between phases with one another and / or the phase and the neutral conductor.

The adapter 2 can have a force-absorbing element on its housing 23, which serves as strain relief for a line that can be attached to the adapter 2.

The housing 23 can furthermore have a cover element which covers at least one contact element 25, 27, 28 and has an insertion opening which serves to insert the attachable line, the insertion opening, if necessary attachable, being designed as a material weakening or perforation. Due to the cover element and the insertion opening, which can be attached as required, the adapter 2 can be protected against the ingress of moisture or liquid.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a further and possibly independent embodiment of the strip 1, the same reference numerals being used for the same parts as in the previous FIGS. 1 to 5.

In the strip 1, no recesses 13, 14 are arranged at the factory, but these are to be made on site during assembly. For this purpose, the support body 3 can have groove-like depressions 41, 42 on at least one broad side surface 11, 12 parallel to its longitudinal extent, which serve to position the attachable recesses 13, 14 to fully embedded conductor bars 6, 7. An insulating web 43, 44 is thus formed between the depressions 41, 42 or the conductor bars 6, 7, the width of this insulating web 43, 44, that is to say a distance 45 between a groove base of the groove-like recess 41, 42 and the further Conductor rod 6, 7, between 0.2 mm and 20 mm, in particular between 0.5 mm and 10 mm, for example between 0.7 mm and 2 mm. The insulating web 43, 44 can be formed with material weakenings or perforations, so that it is easily possible during assembly to break out parts of this insulating web 43, 44 and thereby the recesses 13, 14 even without auxiliary tools, which are at least one electrically senior Release part of the further conductor bars 6, 7 to manufacture.

In the case of a configuration of the strip 1 according to the representations in FIGS. 6 and 7, it can be said that the further conductor bars 6, 7 are fully embedded in the support body 3. This makes it very easy to provide protection against unintentional contact by humans and / or animals or to increase the insulation resistance between the conductor bars 4, 5, 6, 7. It is also possible that the recesses 13, 14 which can be made are formed by bores or openings which can be cut out using auxiliary tools. It is only important that the recesses 13, 14 each release at least one electrically conductive partial area of a side face 10 of a further conductor bar 6, 7.

The further design options of the strip 1 can be made in accordance with the design variants, as described for FIGS. 1 to 5, and reference is made to the description of this figure at this point.

8 to 10 show further possible design variants of the bar 1 or the support body 3.

8 shows an embodiment with three conductor bars 4, 6, 7, which, as already mentioned, can be used, for example, for the earth potential, the neutral conductor and the phase. The support body 3 of the strip 1 has the cavity 22, which is in the form of a channel arranged parallel to the longitudinal extension of the strip 1. The cavity 22 can be used to receive energy signal or data lines, such as high and / or low current cables, telephone lines, signal and / or data lines, such as bus systems. However, it is also possible to arrange any other type of lines in the cavity 22, for example for liquid and / or gaseous media. Such a configuration allows, for example, hydraulic or compressed air lines for a workshop or also Sauer substance lines or lines for anesthesia gas for medical technology applications to be integrated into the strip 1 or the support body 3, thereby producing a structurally very compact unit.

9 shows a further development with a shielded line 46 integrated in the support body 3. The line 46 can thereby by a multipole signal and / or data cables, such as those used for data processing or telecommunication purposes. However, line 46 is only representative of a large number of possible electrical lines and it should be pointed out here that all these lines can be permanently integrated into strip 1 at the factory. For contacting such lines 46, the adapter 2 is to be designed with additional contact elements. It is also possible to lead free line ends of these lines 46 out at the end of individual pieces of the strip 1 and to make them available for a further connection.

10 shows a further and independent embodiment of the bar 1. The conductor bar 4, 5 is designed for the earth potential as a hollow profile, in particular a rectangular shaped tube. Further conductor bars 6, 7, 47, 48 are arranged in the interior of the hollow profile, these being designed to be electrically insulated from one another and from the hollow profile. The hollow profile acts as a shield for the further conductor bars 6, 7, 47, 48 and it can thereby prevent the emergence of electrical or magnetic fields from the strip 1, so that very cost-intensive network disconnections, as are known with the help of relays or contactors , can drop out. For contacting the further conductor bars 6, 7, 47, 48, the contact elements 27, 28 (see FIG. 4) of the adapter 2 can be designed with at least one partially insulated surface in order to produce an earth fault when they pass through the conductor bars 4, 5 prevent.

For contacting the further conductor bars 4, 5, 47, 48, recesses 13, 14 which can be attached, as have already been described for the previous figures, can be provided in the factory or can be provided for subsequent attachment, in particular with auxiliary tools. Of course, the groove-like depressions 41, 42 described in FIG. 7 can also be used.

11 and 12 show two different application examples for the bar 1, the adapter 2 and the complete units 30. A flush-mounted installation is shown in FIG. 11, with walls 51, 52, 53 being equipped with individual pieces of the strip 1 in a region facing a floor 54. There is an adapter 2 on the

Wall 51 is designed as a feed adapter 55 and, as described in the previous FIG., Can have the protective element 31 and the like. The connection of the individual pieces of the strip 1 in the walls 51, 52, 53 can be carried out by means of an adapter 2, on which connecting lines 56 with coupling devices 57 are arranged. Recesses, for example for doors, can be bridged in the same way. It is important that with such a mounting of the bar 1 adapter 2 and / or complete pick-up units 30 can be arranged at any point along the bar 1, this also applies to any time after the mounting of the bar 1. All that is required is, for example with a circular cutter, that the bar 1 be exposed from the wall 51, 52, 53 and contacted with the adapter 2. Such an embodiment is particularly suitable for flush mounting in hollow walls or in the construction of transoms. It is possible to contact the strip 1 on both sides of a wall 51, 52, 53, so that only one strip 1 has to be arranged in opposite rooms in the walls 51, 52, 53 separating them from each other. The bar 1 or the adapter 2 allow a locally independent energy extraction in the longitudinal direction of the bar 1.

The example shown is particularly suitable for the prefabrication of an electrical installation in precast walls for precast houses or for precast concrete parts. If the connecting lines 56 and coupling devices 57 are already provided in the factory, they only need to be assembled after the prefabricated walls have been assembled in order to

Complete electrical installation or make it functional. After assembly, the strips 1, adapter 2, connecting lines 56 and coupling devices 57 are no longer visible on the walls 51, 52, 53 or on the floor 54.

FIG. 12 shows another application example of the bar 1 and the adapter 2, the bar 1 being designed as a chair bar which rests on the floor 54. The strip 1 can be angled in the corners, as a result of which no additional connecting elements are required. In order to be able to bridge recesses in the walls 51, 52, 53, for example in the case of a door, it is possible to guide the bar 1 over the door frame, the bar being able to be angled again for this purpose. It is possible to first twist the bar by 90 ° and then to bend it, or to bend the bar 1 over a broad side surface 11, 12 without this being mechanically damaged.

In summary, it can be said that the strip 1 with the adapter 2 and the complete removal units 30 represents a closed, electrotechnical rail system including a connection system for any type of switching and plug-in devices.

The system can be used universally and can be both flush-mounted and surface-mounted in or on walls 51, 52, 53, floors or ceilings of all kinds, i.e. regardless of whether masonry is unplastered or plastered, concrete unplastered or plastered, exposed concrete, shell concrete etc., or hollow walls - the ceilings or floors are also installed or installed regardless of the material such as plaster, wood, marble, plastic, etc.

The covering of the strip 1 is freely selectable, both in color, material and size, which means that when covering with e.g. Wood, plastic, marble, ceramic coverings, metal, aluminum etc. the bar 1 can be used universally but can also be used alone as e.g. Skirting board power supply system can be used.

In a room or building there is always the possibility to design the power and energy supply flexibly, comfortably and absolutely securely - so that everyone can install it.

The strip 1 itself can be made pluggable, i.e. it can be installed at any location and can be extended at any time by simply plugging it together or shortened by simply cutting it off

Be docked using adapter 2.

Through the connection using adapter 2, the power supply (feed), power transmission (extension) and power consumption (high and low voltage for sockets, switches, electrical devices, lights, etc.) are carried out.

The adapter 2 can be connected alone to the strip 1, in which case the power connection is made by means of a cable (clamp, plug or screw connection), as well as by means of a complete customer unit 30, which acts as a protective contact socket unit, switch unit, device connection unit, transformer unit, ceiling and wall - or floor outlet unit, radio actuator unit (transmitting, receiving unit or both), bus system unit, low-voltage unit for telecommunications, units for electronic data transmission, IT technology, alarm system, audio and video system, television, light call, signaling and interference devices can be designed.

By installing the adapter 2 in the complete customer unit 30, e.g. with a socket unit very simply, easily and quickly at any place, exactly where it is needed.

This is done by simply connecting the adapter 2 or the complete customer unit 30 to the bar 1, without additional electrical connection work.

The strip 1 can be docked from both sides of the walls 51, 52, 53 for flush mounting, whereby a power supply and current draw on both sides is possible.

This results in a simple system for new and old buildings, for renovations etc. and above all for industrial prefabrication and their installation in precast elements such as for prefabricated houses, prefabricated ceilings and walls etc. as well as the possibility of changing and expanding the basic installation.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure of the strip 1, the adapter or the complete customer unit 30, these or their components have been partially shown to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

The object on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

Above all, the individual in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 6, 7; 8, 9; 10; 11, 12 form the subject of independent solutions according to the invention. The related tasks and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

Strip 41 recess adapter 42 recess support body 43 insulating bar conductor rod (earth potential) 44 insulating rod conductor rod (earth potential) 45 distance conductor rod 46 conductor conductor rod 47 conductor rod narrow side surface (strip) 48 conductor rod narrow side surface (strip) 49 side surface (conductor rod) 50 broad side surface (strip) 51 wall broad side surface (Bar) 52 wall recess 53 wall recess 54 floor retraction 55 feed adapter cross dimension 56 connecting line clamping or locking means 57 coupling device

Cover element snap-in, plug-in or clamp element cavity housing extension contact element contact surface contact element contact element plug-in, clamp or screw connection complete customer unit protective element

Clamping or locking means

Claims

Patent claims

1. Electrically loadable bar for arrangement on or in walls, floors, ceilings, especially for household, trade, industry, with a plurality of arranged in a support body, parallel to a longitudinal extension of the bar, mutually insulated conductor bars, which by means of a Adapters can be contacted, characterized in that at least one conductor bar (4, 5) for an earth potential is arranged along a narrow side surface (8, 9) of the strip (1) with at least one electrically conductive side surface (10) and the strip (1) at least has two further conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48) which can be contacted at any position along the longitudinal extent via at least one broad side surface (11, 12) through recesses (13, 14) provided at the factory.

2. Electrically loadable bar for arrangement on or in walls, floors, ceilings, in particular for household, trade, industry, with a plurality of conductor bars arranged in a support body and running parallel to a longitudinal extension of the bar and insulated from one another by means of an adapter Can be contacted, characterized in that at least one conductor bar (4, 5) for an earth potential is arranged along a narrow side surface (8, 9) of the strip (1) with at least one electrically conductive side surface (10) and the strip (1) has at least two further over at least one broad side surface (11, 12) through recesses (13, 14) which can be made at any position along the

Has longitudinal extension contactable conductor rods (6, 7, 47, 48).

3. Strip according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the conductor bar (4, 5) for the earth potential and / or the further conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48) with respect to an outer boundary of the support body (3) sunk or is or are flush with the external boundary.

4. Strip according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the factory-provided recesses (13, 14) are formed by grooves, each of which has at least one electrically conductive portion of a side surface (10) of the further conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48th ) release.

5. Strip according to claim 4, characterized in that the grooves protrude by more than a quarter, in particular half, for example two thirds, of a transverse dimension (16) of the narrow side surface (8, 9) in the support body (3).

6. Strip according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the grooves have at least one inner surface clamping or locking means (17).

7. Bar according to claim 2, characterized in that the further conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48) in the support body (3) are arranged fully embedded.

8. Strip according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the recesses (13, 14) with auxiliary tools, in particular by drilling or cutting, can be attached, the recesses (13, 14) each having at least one electrically conductive portion of a side surface (10 ) of the other conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48).

9. A strip according to claim 2, 3 or 8, characterized in that the recesses (13, 14) can be made without auxiliary tools, the support body (2) having material weakenings or perforations for this purpose, when opened, at least one electrically conductive partial area one side surface (10) of the further conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48) can be released.

10. A strip according to claim 2 or 7 to 9, characterized in that the support body (3) on at least one broad side surface (11, 12), parallel to its longitudinal extent, has groove-like depressions (41, 42) which are used to position the attachable recesses ( 13, 14) serve to fully embedded conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48) and possibly have material weakenings, such as perforations.

11. Strip according to claim 10, characterized in that a groove base of the groove-like depression over a distance of 0.2 mm to 20 mm, in particular from 0.5 mm to 10 mm, for example from 0.7 mm to 2 mm, to the further conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48) is spaced.

12. Strip according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one narrow side surface (8, 9) has a groove-like retraction (15) in which the conductor bar (4, 5) for which the grounding potential is arranged.

13. A strip according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it consists of flexibly deformable materials, in particular the support body (3) made of plastic and the conductor bars (4, 5, 6, 7, 47, 48) made of copper or aluminum, is made.

14. Strip according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the support body (3) is at least partially covered by a cover element (20), for example a profile made of plastic or wood, metal, ceramic, stone.

15. A strip according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the support body (3) and / or the cover element (20), at least partially, of a cover strip, such as a chair strip made of plastic, wood, metal, ceramic or stone, is encased.

16. Strip according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the supporting body (3) is provided with latching, plug-in or clamping elements (21) for connection to the cover element (20) and / or the cover strip.

17. Strip according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the support body (3) and / or the cover element (20) and / or the cover strip as a screw and / or clip system, which if necessary, and in particular without tools, on walls , Floors, ceilings can be assembled or disassembled.

18. Strip according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the support body (3) along its longitudinal extent at least one cavity (22) in the form of a channel for further lines (46), in particular for a low-voltage cable and / or

Bus line and / or a line for a liquid or gaseous medium.

19. Strip according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that at least one of the further conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48) is formed with a shield against interference fields, the shield being embedded in the supporting body (3) and the other Ladder bar (6, 7) sheathed parallel to its longitudinal extent.

20. Strip according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the conductor bar (4, 5) is designed for the earth potential as a hollow profile, which serves as a shield and the other conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48) in its interior records electrically isolated from each other.

21. Adapter with a housing for placing on a bar as required according to claims 1 to 20 and for making electrical connections to at least one of the conductor bars of the bar, characterized in that the housing (23) for at least partially have encompassing the bar (1) transversely to its longitudinal extension with claw-like extensions (24) which have contact elements (25) with contact surfaces (26) which are used for contacting at least one conductor bar (4, 5) for a ground potential along a narrow side surface (8, 9) of the strip (1) and the housing (23) have at least two further contact elements (27, 28) with contact surfaces (26) for contacting at least two further conductor bars (6, 7, 47, 48) of the strip (1).

22. Adapter according to claim 21, characterized in that the further contact elements (27, 28) between the claw-like extensions (24) are arranged.

23. Adapter according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the contact elements (25, 27, 28) at the end areas facing away from the contact surfaces (26) have plug, clamp or screw connections (29) for connecting electrical conductors.

24. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the contact elements (25, 27, 28) at the end areas facing away from the contact surfaces (26) are electrically connected at the factory to a consumer, such as a lamp or a transformer ,

25. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the contact elements (25, 27, 28) at the end areas facing away from the contact surfaces (26) in the factory with a coupling element, such as a protective contact socket and / or a connection socket for Stark - or weak current and / or for a telephone and / or for a data line, are electrically connected.

26. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that the contact elements (25, 27, 28) at the end areas facing away from the contact surfaces (26) in the factory with a radio actuator unit, in particular with a transmitting and / or receiving unit, for supplying consumers, in particular lights, with electrical energy as required.

27. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 26, characterized in that the contact elements (25, 27, 28) at the end areas facing away from the contact surfaces (26) in the factory with at least one protective element, in particular a circuit breaker and / or a residual current circuit breaker and / or a relay and / or a mains switch or an all-pole switch are connected.

28. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 27, characterized in that the contact elements (25, 27, 28) are assigned spring elements for applying a spring force during the positive and / or non-positive connection with the bar (1).

29. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 28, characterized in that at least one contact element (25, 27, 28) is formed with a screw or plug element, in particular with a self-tapping screw.

30. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 29, characterized in that clamping or latching means (35) are formed on outer surfaces of the contact elements (25, 27, 28).

31. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 30, characterized in that the outer surfaces of the contact elements (25, 27, 28), at least in regions, are electrically insulated.

32. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 31, characterized in that the housing (23), in particular by means of auxiliary tools, is designed to be snapped onto the bar (1).

33. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 32, characterized in that the claw-like extensions (24) for positive and / or non-positive engagement with the bar (1), in particular with the retraction (15) on at least one narrow side surface ( 8, 9) of the bar

(1), are formed.

34. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 33, characterized in that the housing (23) has a force-absorbing element which serves as a strain relief for a line attachable to the adapter (2).

35. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 34, characterized in that the housing (23) has a cover element which covers at least one contact element (25, 27, 28) and has an insertion opening which serves to insert the attachable line.

36. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 35, characterized in that the insertion opening, if necessary attachable, is designed as a material weakening or perforation.

37. Adapter according to one of claims 21 to 36, characterized in that the contact elements (25, 27, 28) in the longitudinal direction of the adapter (2) are double and the adapter (2) thus for the butt connection of two strips (1) claims 1 to 20 is formed. '

38. Use of the strip according to claims 1 to 20 and / or the adapter according to claims 21 to 37 for prefabricating an electrical installation for prefabricated walls and / or prefabricated houses and / or prefabricated concrete parts.

39. Use of the strip according to claims 1 to 20 and / or the adapter according to claims 21 to 37 as a kit for producing an electrical installation for household,

Trade, industry.

40. Use of the bar according to claims 1 to 20 and / or the adapter according to claims 21 to 37 in combination with a radio actuator unit, in particular with a transmitting and / or receiving unit, for switching on electrical consumers for household, commercial, industrial use as required ,

41. Use of the bar according to claims 1 to 20 and / or the adapter according to claims 21 to 37 in a chair bar, which can be attached to walls, floors, ceilings if necessary and is designed in particular as a screw or clip system.