WO2003015074A1 - Systeme d'annulation active du bruit avec modelisation de trajet secondaire en ligne - Google Patents
Systeme d'annulation active du bruit avec modelisation de trajet secondaire en ligne Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003015074A1 WO2003015074A1 PCT/SG2001/000161 SG0100161W WO03015074A1 WO 2003015074 A1 WO2003015074 A1 WO 2003015074A1 SG 0100161 W SG0100161 W SG 0100161W WO 03015074 A1 WO03015074 A1 WO 03015074A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
- G10K11/17881—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
- G10K11/17817—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms between the output signals and the error signals, i.e. secondary path
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
- G10K11/17825—Error signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1783—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase handling or detecting of non-standard events or conditions, e.g. changing operating modes under specific operating conditions
- G10K11/17833—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase handling or detecting of non-standard events or conditions, e.g. changing operating modes under specific operating conditions by using a self-diagnostic function or a malfunction prevention function, e.g. detecting abnormal output levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
- G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
- G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/301—Computational
- G10K2210/3023—Estimation of noise, e.g. on error signals
- G10K2210/30232—Transfer functions, e.g. impulse response
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/301—Computational
- G10K2210/3049—Random noise used, e.g. in model identification
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an active noise control (ANC) system which reduces overall noise level by outputting from an output transducer a canceling signal having a phase opposite to and the same amplitude as that of the noise, more particularly to an active noise control system for on-line secondary path modeling.
- ANC active noise control
- An active noise control system involves injecting a canceling signal having the same amplitude as that of the noise and a phase opposite to the noise so as to destructively interfere with and thus cancel an input noise.
- an output signal is sensed by an error transducer such as a microphone which supplies an error signal to a control model which in turn supplies a secondary signal to an output transducer such as a loudspeaker which injects a canceling signal to destructively interfere with and cancel an input noise.
- a digital signal processor being a conventional noise controller, uses an adaptive filter of the finite impulse response (FIR) type which forms a signal for canceling noise upon receiving a reference signal from an input transducer such as a microphone, detects said error signal created by said error transducer such as a microphone.
- Said error signal is called residual noise and it is the result of cancellation.
- said error signal has two functions: on the one hand it serves as a control signal for controlling the whole active noise control system by being fed to said elements described above and by being fed to elements still to be described. With respect to this function it is called "error signal”. On the other hand said error signal is, at the same time, the output signal of the whole. active noise control system.
- Said digital signal processor performs a feedback control using a reference signal and said error signal. In this feedback control, furthermore the level of said error signal can be minimized by controlling the filter coefficients of said adaptive filter.
- Said adaptive filter may use any of a variety of known and available adaptive algorithms, such as the so-called least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm. Detailed descriptions of adaptive algorithms are given in (B. Widrow et al., "Adaptive Noise Canceling: Principles and Applications", Proceedings of IEEE, vol.63, No.12, Dec. 1975).
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,677,676 by L.J. Eriksson discloses an active noise control system. This system is a typical example of the prior art.
- An auxiliary noise source is used to model feedback and secondary paths.
- the auxiliary noise source is random and uncorrelated to an input noise.
- the operation of an adaptive filter of an active noise controller affects the on-line path modeling because both the input noise and the canceling signal are the disturbances for the modeling.
- the auxiliary noise source increases the residual noise in two aspects. Firstly the auxiliary noise contributes to the residual noise through the output transducer. Secondly the auxiliary noise is a perturbation to the operation of the controller adaptive filter, thus the residual noise increases due to degraded performance of the controller.
- U.S. Pat No. 5,553,153 by G.P. Eatwell uses a fixed auxiliary signal for on-line secondary path modeling, which requires less computation and reduces coefficient jitter in the adaptive filter. Again, the operation of the active noise controller still affects the on-line path modeling and the auxiliary noise source still increases the residual noise due to addition of the auxiliary noise itself to the residual noise.
- U.S. Pat No. 5,940,519 by S.M. Kuo describes a feedforward active noise control system which performs on-line feedback path modeling and on-line secondary path modeling. Although the disturbances from both the input noise and the canceling signal for the on-line modeling are reduced, the auxiliary noise source still increases the residual noise in both two aspects as stated above.
- ANC Active noise control
- an input transducer 1 is used for receiving and passing an input noise x(n). Said input noise x(n) propagates along a primary path 2 such as a duct or plant to generate a primary noise d(n).
- a canceling signal y'(n) generated by an output transducer, such as a loudspeaker (in Fig. 1 shown as a second adder 31 and as a secondary path 5), is superposed with said primary noise d(n) at an error transducer (in Fig. 1 shown as a first adder 3) to generate an error signal e(n) at said first adder 3.
- said error transducer may comprise a further A/D converter means to convert said analog error signal into said digital error signal e(n) for further processing within the active noise control system.
- a controller adaptive filter 4 receives said input noise x(n) and generates said secondary signal y(n) to drive said output transducer.
- a first adaptive algorithm unit 41 receives a filtered input noise x'(n) generated by a later described secondary path modeling copy unit 52 in response to said input noise x(n) which is received by said secondary path modeling copy unit 52, and a modified error signal e'(n), and updates said adaptive filter 4 by minimizing the mean square value of said error signal e(n). Said modified error signal e'(n) will later be described in detail.
- a secondary path (labeled with the reference symbol "5") denotes a path from said secondary signal y(n) via said second adder 31 to said error signal e(n) from said error transducer.
- a random auxiliary noise source 12 produces a uncorrelated auxiliary noise u(n) for modeling said secondary path 5 via said second adder 31.
- Said uncorrelated auxiliary noise u(n) goes through said secondary path 5 and is (by subtraction) in addition to said secondary signal y(n) at said second adder 31.
- Said auxiliary noise u(n) is the only input to a secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 and thus ensures that said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 will correctly model said secondary path 5.
- Said second adaptive algorithm unit 53 receives a modified uncorrelated auxiliary noise u'(n) which will later be described in detail and a modeling error signal es(n), and updates said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 by minimizing the mean square value of said modeling error signal es(n).
- the coefficients of said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 are copied to said secondary path modeling copy unit 52 to generate said filtered input noise x'(n) for performing said filtered least mean square (FxLMS) algorithm by means of said first adaptive algorithm unit 41.
- circuitries Three further circuitries are included to the system. These circuitries are a signal distinguishing circuitry 7, a secondary path change detection circuitry 6 and an auxiliary noise control circuitry 8.
- the function of said signal distinguishing circuitry 7 is to reduce a disturbance to said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 caused by said error signal e(n) and a perturbation to said controller adaptive filter 4 caused by said auxiliary noise u(n).
- Said signal distinguishing circuitry 7 receives said input noise x(n), a modeling output signal v'(n) from said secondary path modeling filter 51 and said error signal e(n), and generates two output signals, i.e., a modeling desired signal h(n) and a modified error signal e'(n).
- Said modeling desired signal h(n) being used for said secondary path modeling, should be equivalent to said auxiliary noise u(n) after having passed through said secondary path 5.
- Said modified error signal e'(n) for said controller adaptive filter 4 should be equivalent to that component in a pure error signal of the system, which is only due to said input noise x(n) (not including any signal due to said auxiliary noise u(n)).
- Said modeling desired signal h(n) is sent to a third adder 32, which calculates the difference between said modeling desired signal h(n) and said modeling output signal v'(n), thereby generating said modeling error signal es(n).
- the function of said secondary path change detection circuitry 6 is to detect whether a change occurs on said secondary path 5 and how big such a change is.
- Said secondary path change detection circuitry 6 receives said input noise x(n) and said error signal e(n), and outputs said secondary path change signal k(n) to said auxiliary noise control circuitry 8.
- Said secondary path change signal k(n) can be defined by many values.
- FIG. 2 illustrates said signal distinguishing circuitry 7. It uses a signal distinguishing adaptive filter 701 excited by said input noise x(n) to generate an output signal g(n), which is fully correlated with said input noise x(n).
- Two further input signals for said signal distinguishing circuitry 7 are said modeling output signal v'(n) from said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 and said error signal e(n).
- Said modeling output signal v'(n) is subtracted from said error signal e(n) at a fourth adder 704 to generate said modified error signal e'(n) for said first adaptive algorithm 41, and meanwhile said modified error signal e'(n) also subtracts said output signal g(n) at a fifth adder 702 to get a signal ed(n).
- Said signal ed(n) acts as an error signal for a third adaptive algorithm unit 703.
- said output signal g(n) of said signal distinguishing adaptive filter 701 is subtracted from said error signal e(n) at a sixth adder 705 to generate said modeling desired signal h(n) to model said secondary path 5.
- an active noise control system comprises the feature of a noise scheduling circuitry and preferably a norm constraint circuitry.
- the active noise control system according to the present invention operates more efficiently and accurately than known active noise control systems.
- the active noise control system of the present invention takes advantage of said additional circuitries.
- the function of each of said additional circuitries is, in short words, described as follows: Said noise scheduling circuitry automatically controls the power of said auxiliary noise according to the convergence status of said ANC system, and said norm constraint circuitry also automatically avoids the over-updates of adaptive filters to prevent any divergences due to the sudden and big variation of primary path/secondary path or extended unrelated noise to error/reference microphone.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram structure of an active noise control system with on-line secondary path modeling known in the prior art in Singapore patent application No. 2000 03730- 9.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a signal distinguishing circuitry which is used in performing on-line secondary path modeling in the prior art .
- FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram structure of an active noise control system with on-line secondary path modeling in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a noise scheduling circuitry which is used in performing on-line secondary path modeling in the present invention.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a norm constraint circuitry which is used in performing ANC system in the present invention.
- FIG.3 shows the block diagram of the ANC system with on-line secondary path modeling according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the functionality of the respective elements in the ANC system which are denoted with the same reference numerals as compared to the elements according to FIG.l is identical. With regard to those elements, it is referred to the description of FIG.l and FIG.2.
- An input transducer 1 is used for receiving and passing an input noise x(n). Said input noise x(n) propagates along a primary path 2 such as a duct or plant to generate said primary noise d(n).
- Said canceling signal y'(n), generated by an output transducer, which output transducer comprises a second adder 31 and a secondary path 5, is superposed with said primary noise d(n) at an error transducer, which comprises a first adder 3, to generate said error signal e(n) at said first adder 3 according to the formula e(n) d(n) - y'(n).
- Said controller adaptive filter 4 receives said input noise x(n) and generates said secondary signal y(n) to drive said output transducer.
- Said first adaptive algorithm unit 41 receives said filtered input noise x'(n) and said error signal e(n), and updates said adaptive filter 4 by minimizing the mean square value of said error signal e(n).
- a random auxiliary noise source 12 produces an uncorrelated auxiliary noise u(n) for modeling said secondary path 5.
- a scheduling circuitry 6 modulates said auxiliary noise u(n) by said modified error signal e'(n) provided by the signal distinguishing circuitry 7 and by the power of said primary noise, and then generates a scheduled auxiliary noise us(n).
- the power of said scheduled auxiliary noise is rather big at the early stages and becomes small as the convergence of said ANC system.
- Said scheduling circuitry 6 can automatically modulate the power of said auxiliary noise based on the convergence status of said ANC system.
- Said scheduled auxiliary noise us(n) goes through said secondary path 5 and is (by subtraction) in addition to said secondary signal y(n) at said second adder 31.
- Said modulated auxiliary noise us(n) is the only input to said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 and thus ensures that said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 correctly models said secondary path 5.
- Said second adaptive algorithm unit 53 receives said uncorrelated modulated auxiliary noise us(n) and said modeling error signal es(n), and updates said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 by minimizing the mean square value of said modeling error signal es(n).
- the coefficients of said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 are copied to a secondary path modeling copy 52 to generate said filtered input noise x'(n) for performing said FxLMS algorithm by means of said first adaptive algorithm unit 41.
- three norm constraint circuitries 81, 82 and 83 (a first norm constraint circuitry 81, a second norm constraint circuitry 82 and a third norm constraint circuitry 83), respectively, also add signals into said ANC system.
- a sudden and big variation occurs on the primary path 2 or the secondary path 5, or some large noise violates said input signal x(n) or said error signal e(n), it will cause over-updates of said adaptive filters, and then said ANC system suffers instability and may go to divergence.
- Said norm constraint circuitries 81, 82 and 83 are used to avoid the over-updates of said adaptive filters 4, 51 and 701 so as to prevent said ANC system from divergence.
- Said first norm constraint circuitry 81 is used to constrain the norm of the weight vector of said controller adaptive filter 4 by a predefined first threshold TI.
- Said second norm constraint circuitry 82 is used to constrain the norm of the weight vector of said secondary path modeling adaptive filter 51 by a predefined second threshold T2.
- Said third norm constraint circuitry 83 is used to constrain the norm of the weight vector of said signal distinguishing adaptive filter 701 by a predefined third threshold T3.
- FIG. 4 illustrates said scheduling circuitry 6.
- Said input signal x(n) goes through a first power estimation circuitry 601 to get a power signal Px(n).
- Said modified error signal e'(n) is used to get an error power signal Pe'(n) by a second power estimation circuitry 602.
- Said power signal Px(n) and said error power signal Pe'(n) are sent to a comparator 603 which compares said power signal Px(n) and said error power signal Pe'(n) and produces a result power signal P(n) which is equal to the smaller one, i.e.
- the result power signal P(n) is equal to the power signal Px(n) in case that the power signal Px(n) is smaller than the error power signal Pe'(n) and the result power signal P(n) is equal to the error power signal Pe'(n) in case that the error power signal Pe'(n) is smaller than the power signal Px(n).
- auxiliary noise u(n) and the inverse of its power 605 are multiplied together with said result power signal P(n) at a multiplier 604 to generate said scheduled auxiliary noise us(n).
- Px(n) is the power of said input noise x(n)
- Pu(n) is the power of said auxiliary noise u(n)
- Pe'(n) is the power of said modified error signal e'(n).
- FIG. 5 illustrates a norm constraint circuitry which has exact the same structure as that of the first norm constraint circuitry 81, the second norm constraint circuitry 82 and the third norm constraint circuitry 83.
- a vector signal a(n) is inputted into a norm calculation circuitry 801 to generate a norm signal
- and a threshold T are sent to a comparator 802 to do the comparison and get a comparison result r.
- Said result r is described as follows:
- an ANC system with on-line secondary path modeling that reduces the contribution of said auxiliary noise to residual noise and prevent said ANC system from divergence/instability.
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Abstract
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US9325821B1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2016-04-26 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Sidetone management in an adaptive noise canceling (ANC) system including secondary path modeling |
US9369557B2 (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2016-06-14 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Frequency-dependent sidetone calibration |
US9369798B1 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2016-06-14 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Internal dynamic range control in an adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) system |
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