WO2003010473A1 - Heat pump comprising a safety ventilation device - Google Patents

Heat pump comprising a safety ventilation device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003010473A1
WO2003010473A1 PCT/FR2002/002630 FR0202630W WO03010473A1 WO 2003010473 A1 WO2003010473 A1 WO 2003010473A1 FR 0202630 W FR0202630 W FR 0202630W WO 03010473 A1 WO03010473 A1 WO 03010473A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
installation according
ventilation device
heat pump
sealed
condenser
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2002/002630
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Bernier
Original Assignee
Climastar Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Climastar Sa filed Critical Climastar Sa
Publication of WO2003010473A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003010473A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B15/00—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • B08B15/02—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area using chambers or hoods covering the area
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat pump installation located wholly or partly in an interior room and comprising a safety ventilation device making it possible to relate the interior volume of the machine to the exterior of the building allowing the safe use as refrigerant, hydrocarbons or other group 2 and group 3 fluids.
  • Heat pumps intended for the production of sanitary hot water and for heating are already known, operating for example with propane or isobutane as refrigerant. Most of these machines are intended to be installed outside buildings due to the risk of flammability or explosion. Others containing very low charges are installed inside the premises, without eliminating the risks mentioned above.
  • Heat pump systems are also known which consist of several compartments, one being intended for the refrigeration part, the other for the hydraulic and / or electrical part; these are not waterproof to each other.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of an installation according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a sectional view clearly showing the principle of the ventilation pipe.
  • Figure 3 shows the principle of compartmentalisation of the body and its ventilation.
  • Figure 4 is a detailed view of the ventilation device of the sealed compartment.
  • Figure 5 shows a variant using an outdoor air / water heat pump with separate indoor and outdoor units.
  • Figure 6 is a detailed view of an alternative ventilation device of the sealed compartment.
  • Figure 7 is a variant applicable in particular to ground / ground type heat pumps.
  • Figures 8 and 9 are examples of a sectional view of the tube usable to drown in the underfloor heating.
  • Figure 10 is a variant of Figure 7 where only the floor heating tube is installed inside the premises.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 An installation according to the invention in FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a heat pump located in an indoor technical room (Al) which comprises at least two compartments composed of a body (11) and a body (10) the latter constituting a volume sealed (12) connected to the outside of the premises (E) by a sealed tube (20).
  • the refrigerating components carrying the refrigerant are all placed in the sealed volume (12) in such a way that in the event of a refrigerant leak, the gas will naturally escape outside the premises through the orifice (19) then by the pipe (20), as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 2, passing through both the bodywork (10) and the external wall (25) in leaktight manner.
  • the body (10) will include at least one removable panel allowing maintenance operations of the refrigeration system.
  • This is composed of a hermetic compressor (18) discharging into a condenser (17) whose role is to transfer heat to the hot source (RC, DC); the refrigerant formed is expanded to vaporize in the evaporator (16) whose role is to draw heat from the cold source (RE, DE) which may be water or any type of cold source usually used in heat pump applications.
  • the gas formed is then directed to the suction of the compressor to form a new cycle.
  • the regulator (23) may be of the thermostatic, capillary or electronic type.
  • a compartment (13) constituted by a body (11) will group the other components of the heat pump, such as the electrical and regulation cabinet (14) and the accessories such as the circulators (21, 22) of the hot and cold sources, etc. ...
  • the plate (15) ensures the sealed passage of the water outlet pipes of the condenser (17) and the evaporator (16). Similarly, the passage of the power cable (27) of the compressor (18) will be ensured in a sealed manner by a cable gland (28).
  • the evaporator (16) and the condenser (17) will preferably be of the brazed plate type with opposite fluid outlets and sealed passage through the plate (15) for separating the two compartments (12) and (13).
  • the body shell (10) and the device (20) will be at least one hour fireproof. To do this, rock wool, for example, will be upholstered on the internal faces of the body (10).
  • the bodywork may include a flexible elastic suction cup (60) ensuring the seal between the bodywork (10), the wall (25) and the ventilation pipe (20).
  • This suction device of FIG. 2 is also applicable to the ventilation system with two concentric tubes described in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 3 allows the different volumes to be viewed in three dimensions.
  • the sealed volume (12) has its orifice (19) placed at the rear in the lower part of the body (10).
  • the sealed tube (20) passes through the wall (25) and connects the refrigeration compartment (12) with the exterior (E).
  • FIG. 4 represents an exemplary embodiment of the device sealingly connecting the compartment (12) to the outside (E).
  • the tubing (20) opening into the compartment (12) will preferably be cylindrical and made of metal or other; sealing is carried out when the body (10) passes by a circular joint (30).
  • the tubing (20) crosses the outer wall (25) to open out (E).
  • a sealed frame (31) and a grid (32) will provide the finish and seal.
  • FIG. 5 shows a variant using an outdoor air / water heat pump with separate indoor and outdoor units.
  • the condenser (17) is placed in the indoor unit as in Figure 2; the evaporator (41) is placed outside (E) of the indoor technical room (Al).
  • the suction (42) and liquid flow (43) pipes ensure the connection of refrigerant between the outdoor and indoor units; they are placed inside the sealed connection tube (20). In this way, all the refrigerating components are either in a sealed volume in direct open relationship with the outside (E), or directly outside.
  • Figure 6 is a detailed view of an alternative ventilation device of the sealed compartment.
  • the tube (20) is replaced by two concentric tubes (50) and (52), the ring formed by these serving for the introduction of fresh air into the compartment (12) and the tube interior (52) for extracting air from the compartment (12) or vice versa.
  • a fan (53) can be installed to improve ventilation.
  • the tightness of the tubing (50) at the passage of the bodywork (10) is ensured by a circular joint (51).
  • a grate similar to those used for gas boilers with suction cups will be installed. This comprises the rejection grid (54), the annular air intake grid (56) and the sealing frame (55).
  • the fan (53) may be of the explosion-proof type.
  • the ventilation device can be composed of several pipes (20) (not shown), intended either for the supply of fresh air, or for the evacuation of air outside; one or more of these pipes can be fitted with a fan similar to that (53) in FIG. 6.
  • the fan can also be of the explosion-proof type.
  • Figure 7 is a variant applicable in particular to ground / ground type heat pumps.
  • the condenser (69) is formed of a set of tubes (66), for example of copper, comprising an outer casing (65) preferably made of plastic, the whole being embedded in a heated floor.
  • the tubes are tightly connected at (64) and (68) to the body (63) which encloses the other interior components of the heat pump.
  • the space formed between the tube (66) and its envelope (65) is thus put in relation with the volume (V) of the interior bodywork.
  • One or more pipes (71) and (75) relate the volume (V) to the exterior (E) of the building.
  • the gas will exit at the exterior of the building (E) by the pipes (71) and (75).
  • the volume (V) is completely sealed with respect to the interior room (Al).
  • the evaporator (74) in this version will preferably be a buried sensor.
  • Figures 8 and 9 are examples of sectional view of the tube used for the condenser (69) to drown in the underfloor heating.
  • the tube (66) comprises an external plastic coating (65) produced by extrusion and comprising a space (77) such as a drain which will make it possible to direct the gas subject to a leak from the tube (66) to volume (V).
  • the tube (66) also comprises an extruded external plastic envelope (65), but the spaces (76) are multiple in this case and do not require a drain.
  • Figure 10 is a variant of Figure 7 where only the floor heating tube is installed inside the premises.
  • a cycle reversing device can be provided for the heat pump systems shown in FIGS. 7 and 10; in this case all the tubes (66) embedded in the floor (69), play the role of evaporator forming cooling floor.
  • a particularly advantageous application of the invention is its use for heat pumps of the water / water or brine / water type operating with propane or other hydrocarbon as refrigerant and intended for individual housing in order to provide air conditioning, heating and / or domestic hot water production.
  • the invention makes it possible to install the machine inside the premises, which solves the risk of freezing and the acoustic risks.
  • thermodynamic part enclosing the compressor can be either installed inside or outside the building and use a hydrocarbon as the refrigerant.
  • the invention applies to all thermodynamic systems where it is necessary to relate to the exterior of the building all the thermodynamic part, while installing the machine or a part thereof. , inside the premises.
  • the invention will also be applicable to absorption devices using in particular ammonia as a refrigerant.
  • the device represented in FIG. (6) will advantageously be combined for its use as an air supply from the burner and a conduit for discharging the burnt gases.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a heat pump installation located entirely or partly in an inner service room and comprising a safety ventilation device for communicating the internal volume of the machine with the outside of the building enabling in utmost security the use as refrigerant, of hydrocarbons or other fluids of group 2 and of group 3. The remainder of the equipment is arranged in a standard section (13). The passages through the wall (15) between the two sections are obtained in sealing conditions. The system for example applicable to air conditioning and water heating in residential buildings.

Description

La présente invention concerne une installation de pompe à chaleur située tout ou partie dans un local intérieur et comportant un dispositif de ventilation de sécurité permettant de mettre en relation le volume intérieur de la machine avec l'extérieur du bâtiment autorisant en toute sécurité l'utilisation comme fluide frigorigène, d'hydrocarbures ou d'autres fluides du groupe 2 et du groupe 3.The present invention relates to a heat pump installation located wholly or partly in an interior room and comprising a safety ventilation device making it possible to relate the interior volume of the machine to the exterior of the building allowing the safe use as refrigerant, hydrocarbons or other group 2 and group 3 fluids.
On connaît déjà des pompes à chaleur destinées à la production d'eau chaude sanitaire et au chauffage, fonctionnant par exemple avec du propane ou de l'isobutane comme fluide frigorigène. La plupart de ces machines sont destinées à être installées à l'extérieur des bâtiments en raison des risques d'inflammabilité ou d'explosion. D'autres contenant de très faibles charges sont installées à l'intérieur des locaux, sans pour autant éliminer les risques cités précédemment.Heat pumps intended for the production of sanitary hot water and for heating are already known, operating for example with propane or isobutane as refrigerant. Most of these machines are intended to be installed outside buildings due to the risk of flammability or explosion. Others containing very low charges are installed inside the premises, without eliminating the risks mentioned above.
On connaît également des systèmes de pompe à chaleur constitués de plusieurs compartiments, l'un étant destiné à la partie frigorifique, l'autre à la partie hydraulique et /ou électrique; ceux-ci ne sont pas étanches entre eux.Heat pump systems are also known which consist of several compartments, one being intended for the refrigeration part, the other for the hydraulic and / or electrical part; these are not waterproof to each other.
C'est d'une manière générale un but de l'invention de fournir une pompe à chaleur assurant la climatisation, le chauffage et/ou la production d'eau chaude sanitaire, conforme aux prescriptions de sécurité de la norme européenne EM-378, utilisant un fluide frigorigène du groupe 2 ou du groupe 3 ne présentant pas les défauts des installations connues.It is generally an object of the invention to provide a heat pump providing air conditioning, heating and / or production of domestic hot water, in accordance with the safety requirements of European standard EM-378, using a group 2 or group 3 refrigerant which does not have the faults of known installations.
C'est en particulier un but de l'invention de fournir une pompe à chaleur installée à l'intérieur des locaux, comportant une tubulure de ventilation de sécurité reliant le compartiment frigorifique à l'air libre à l'extérieur, et comportant un compartiment étanche dans lequel sont placés tous les composants du circuit frigorifique intérieur. L'invention sera bien comprise par la description qui suit faite à titre d'exemple et en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :It is in particular an object of the invention to provide a heat pump installed inside the premises, comprising a safety ventilation pipe connecting the refrigerating compartment to the outside air, and comprising a compartment sealed in which all the components of the interior refrigeration circuit are placed. The invention will be better understood from the following description given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
• La figure 1 est un schéma d'une installation selon l'invention.• Figure 1 is a diagram of an installation according to the invention.
• La figure 2 représente une vue en coupe visualisant bien le principe de la tubulure d'aération. • La figure 3 représente le principe de compartimentage de la carrosserie et de sa ventilation.• Figure 2 shows a sectional view clearly showing the principle of the ventilation pipe. • Figure 3 shows the principle of compartmentalisation of the body and its ventilation.
• La figure 4 est une vue détaillée du dispositif d'aération du compartiment étanche. • La figure 5 représente une variante utilisant une pompe à chaleur air extérieur / eau à unités intérieure et extérieure séparées.• Figure 4 is a detailed view of the ventilation device of the sealed compartment. • Figure 5 shows a variant using an outdoor air / water heat pump with separate indoor and outdoor units.
• La figure 6 est une vue détaillée d'une variante de dispositif de ventilation du compartiment étanche. « La figure 7 est une variante applicable notamment aux pompes à chaleur de type sol/sol.• Figure 6 is a detailed view of an alternative ventilation device of the sealed compartment. "Figure 7 is a variant applicable in particular to ground / ground type heat pumps.
• Les figures 8 et 9 sont des exemples de vue en coupe du tube utilisable à noyer dans le plancher chauffant.• Figures 8 and 9 are examples of a sectional view of the tube usable to drown in the underfloor heating.
• La figure 10 est une variante de la figure 7 où seul le tube du plancher chauffant est installé à l'intérieur des locaux.• Figure 10 is a variant of Figure 7 where only the floor heating tube is installed inside the premises.
Une installation selon l'invention figures 1 et 2 est constituée d'une pompe à chaleur située en local technique intérieur (Al) qui comporte au moins deux compartiments composés par une carrosserie (11 ) et une carrosserie (10) cette dernière constituant un volume étanche (12) mis en relation avec l'extérieur des locaux (E) par une tubulure étanche (20). Les composants frigorifiques véhiculant le fluide frigorigène sont tous placés dans le volume étanche (12) de telle manière qu'en cas de fuite de fluide frigorigène, le gaz s'échappera naturellement à l'extérieur des locaux par l'orifice (19) puis par la canalisation (20), comme l'indiquent les flèches de la figure 2, en traversant de façon étanche à la fois la carrosserie (10) et le mur extérieur (25). La carrosserie (10) comportera au moins un panneau démontable permettant les opérations de maintenance du système frigorifique. Celui-ci est composé d'un compresseur hermétique (18) refoulant dans un condenseur (17) dont le rôle est de transférer de la chaleur à la source chaude (RC, DC) ; le liquide frigorigène formé est détendu pour se vaporiser dans l'évaporateur (16) dont le rôle est de prélever de la chaleur à la source froide (RE, DE) qui pourra être de l'eau ou tout type de source froide habituellement utilisée dans les applications pompes à chaleur. Le gaz formé est ensuite dirigé vers l'aspiration du compresseur pour former un nouveau cycle. Le détendeur (23) pourra être de type thermostatique, capillaire ou de type électronique. Un compartiment (13) constitué par une carrosserie (11) regroupera les autres composants de la pompe à chaleur, tels l'armoire électrique et de régulation (14) et les accessoires comme les circulateurs (21 ,22) des sources chaude et froide etc... La plaque (15) assure le passage étanche des canalisations de sortie d'eau du condenseur (17) et de l'évaporateur (16). De même, le passage du câble d'alimentation (27) du compresseur (18) sera assuré de façon étanche par un presse étoupe (28). L'évaporateur (16) et le condenseur (17) seront de préférence de type à plaques brasées avec sorties opposées de fluides et traversée étanche de la plaque (15) de séparation des deux compartiments (12) et (13).An installation according to the invention in FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a heat pump located in an indoor technical room (Al) which comprises at least two compartments composed of a body (11) and a body (10) the latter constituting a volume sealed (12) connected to the outside of the premises (E) by a sealed tube (20). The refrigerating components carrying the refrigerant are all placed in the sealed volume (12) in such a way that in the event of a refrigerant leak, the gas will naturally escape outside the premises through the orifice (19) then by the pipe (20), as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 2, passing through both the bodywork (10) and the external wall (25) in leaktight manner. The body (10) will include at least one removable panel allowing maintenance operations of the refrigeration system. This is composed of a hermetic compressor (18) discharging into a condenser (17) whose role is to transfer heat to the hot source (RC, DC); the refrigerant formed is expanded to vaporize in the evaporator (16) whose role is to draw heat from the cold source (RE, DE) which may be water or any type of cold source usually used in heat pump applications. The gas formed is then directed to the suction of the compressor to form a new cycle. The regulator (23) may be of the thermostatic, capillary or electronic type. A compartment (13) constituted by a body (11) will group the other components of the heat pump, such as the electrical and regulation cabinet (14) and the accessories such as the circulators (21, 22) of the hot and cold sources, etc. ... The plate (15) ensures the sealed passage of the water outlet pipes of the condenser (17) and the evaporator (16). Similarly, the passage of the power cable (27) of the compressor (18) will be ensured in a sealed manner by a cable gland (28). The evaporator (16) and the condenser (17) will preferably be of the brazed plate type with opposite fluid outlets and sealed passage through the plate (15) for separating the two compartments (12) and (13).
L'enveloppe de la carrosserie (10) ainsi que le dispositif (20) seront au moins coupe- feu une heure. Pour ce faire, de la laine de roche, par exemple, sera tapissée sur les faces internes de la carrosserie (10). La carrosserie pourra comporter une ventouse élastique souple (60) assurant l'étanchéité entre la carrosserie (10), le mur (25) et la tubulure d'aération (20). Ce dispositif à ventouse de la figure 2 est également applicable au système de ventilation à deux tubes concentriques décrit figure 6. La figure 3 permet de visualiser en trois dimensions les différents volumes. Le volume étanche (12) présente son orifice (19) placé à l'arrière en partie basse de la carrosserie (10). La tubulure étanche (20) traverse le mur (25) et met en relation le compartiment frigorifique (12) avec l'extérieur (E). La pompe à chaleur est installée dan le local technique intérieur (Al) et est constituée des deux compartiments (12) et (13). La figure 4 représente un exemple de réalisation du dispositif reliant de façon étanche le compartiment (12) à l'extérieur (E). La tubulure (20) débouchant dans le compartiment (12) sera de préférence cylindrique et réalisée en métal ou autre ; l'étanchéité est réalisée au passage de la carrosserie (10) par un joint circulaire (30). La tubulure (20) traverse le mur extérieur (25) pour déboucher à l'extérieur (E). Un cadre scellé (31 ) et une grille (32) assureront la finition et l'étanchéité.The body shell (10) and the device (20) will be at least one hour fireproof. To do this, rock wool, for example, will be upholstered on the internal faces of the body (10). The bodywork may include a flexible elastic suction cup (60) ensuring the seal between the bodywork (10), the wall (25) and the ventilation pipe (20). This suction device of FIG. 2 is also applicable to the ventilation system with two concentric tubes described in FIG. 6. FIG. 3 allows the different volumes to be viewed in three dimensions. The sealed volume (12) has its orifice (19) placed at the rear in the lower part of the body (10). The sealed tube (20) passes through the wall (25) and connects the refrigeration compartment (12) with the exterior (E). The heat pump is installed in the indoor technical room (Al) and consists of two compartments (12) and (13). FIG. 4 represents an exemplary embodiment of the device sealingly connecting the compartment (12) to the outside (E). The tubing (20) opening into the compartment (12) will preferably be cylindrical and made of metal or other; sealing is carried out when the body (10) passes by a circular joint (30). The tubing (20) crosses the outer wall (25) to open out (E). A sealed frame (31) and a grid (32) will provide the finish and seal.
La figure 5 représente une variante utilisant une pompe à chaleur air extérieur / eau à unités intérieure et extérieure séparées. Dans la configuration représentée, le condenseur (17) est placé dans l'unité intérieure comme pour la figure 2 ; l'évaporateur (41 ) est placé à l'extérieur (E) du local technique intérieur (Al). Les tuyauteries d'aspiration (42) et de départ liquide (43) assurent la liaison en fluide frigorigène entre les unités extérieure et intérieure ; elles sont placées à l'intérieur de la tubulure de liaison étanche (20). De cette manière, tous les composants frigorifiques sont soit dans un volume étanche en relation directe ouverte avec l'extérieur (E), soit directement à l'extérieur. La figure 6 est une vue détaillée d'une variante de dispositif de ventilation du compartiment étanche. Dans celle-ci, la tubulure (20) est remplacée par deux tubulures concentriques (50) et (52), l'anneau formé par celles-ci servant à l'introduction d'air neuf dans le compartiment (12) et le tube intérieur (52) servant à l'extraction de l'air du compartiment (12) ou inversement. Un ventilateur (53) pourra être installé afin d'améliorer la ventilation. L'étanchéité de la tubulure (50) au passage de la carrosserie (10) est assurée par un joint circulaire (51 ). De même, à l'extérieur, une grille similaire à celles utilisées pour les chaudières gaz à ventouse sera installée. Celle-ci comporte la grille de rejet (54), la grille annulaire de prise d'air (56) et le cadre de scellement (55). Le ventilateur (53) pourra être de type antidéflagrant.FIG. 5 shows a variant using an outdoor air / water heat pump with separate indoor and outdoor units. In the configuration shown, the condenser (17) is placed in the indoor unit as in Figure 2; the evaporator (41) is placed outside (E) of the indoor technical room (Al). The suction (42) and liquid flow (43) pipes ensure the connection of refrigerant between the outdoor and indoor units; they are placed inside the sealed connection tube (20). In this way, all the refrigerating components are either in a sealed volume in direct open relationship with the outside (E), or directly outside. Figure 6 is a detailed view of an alternative ventilation device of the sealed compartment. In this, the tube (20) is replaced by two concentric tubes (50) and (52), the ring formed by these serving for the introduction of fresh air into the compartment (12) and the tube interior (52) for extracting air from the compartment (12) or vice versa. A fan (53) can be installed to improve ventilation. The tightness of the tubing (50) at the passage of the bodywork (10) is ensured by a circular joint (51). Likewise, outside, a grate similar to those used for gas boilers with suction cups will be installed. This comprises the rejection grid (54), the annular air intake grid (56) and the sealing frame (55). The fan (53) may be of the explosion-proof type.
D'une manière générale, le dispositif de ventilation pourra être composé de plusieurs tubulures (20) (non représenté), destinées soit à l'amenée d'air neuf, soit à l'évacuation d'air à l'extérieur ; une ou plusieurs de ces tubulures pourront être équipé d'un ventilateur similaire à celui (53) de la figure 6. Le ventilateur pourra également être de type anti-déflagrant.In general, the ventilation device can be composed of several pipes (20) (not shown), intended either for the supply of fresh air, or for the evacuation of air outside; one or more of these pipes can be fitted with a fan similar to that (53) in FIG. 6. The fan can also be of the explosion-proof type.
La figure7 est une variante applicable notamment aux pompes à chaleur de type sol/sol. Dans cette conception, le condenseur (69) est formé d'un ensemble de tubes (66), en cuivre par exemple, comportant une enveloppe extérieure (65) en plastique de préférence, l'ensemble étant noyé dans un plancher chauffant. Les tubes sont raccordés de façon étanche en (64) et (68) à la carrosserie (63) qui renferme les autres composants intérieurs de la pompe à chaleur. L'espace formé entre le tube (66) et son enveloppe (65) est ainsi mis en relation avec le volume (V) de la carrosserie intérieure. Une ou plusieurs canalisations (71 ) et (75) mettent en relation le volume (V) avec l'extérieur (E) du bâtiment. En cas de fuite quelconque de fluide frigorigène au niveau du compresseur(62), du détendeur (61), du condenseur (69) formé par les tubes (66) ou des raccordements de l'évaporateur extérieur (74), le gaz sortira à l'extérieur du bâtiment (E) par les tubulures (71) et (75). Le volume (V) est totalement étanche vis à vis du local intérieur (Al). L'évaporateur (74) dans cette version sera de préférence un capteur enterré.Figure 7 is a variant applicable in particular to ground / ground type heat pumps. In this design, the condenser (69) is formed of a set of tubes (66), for example of copper, comprising an outer casing (65) preferably made of plastic, the whole being embedded in a heated floor. The tubes are tightly connected at (64) and (68) to the body (63) which encloses the other interior components of the heat pump. The space formed between the tube (66) and its envelope (65) is thus put in relation with the volume (V) of the interior bodywork. One or more pipes (71) and (75) relate the volume (V) to the exterior (E) of the building. In the event of any refrigerant leakage at the compressor (62), the expansion valve (61), the condenser (69) formed by the tubes (66) or the connections of the external evaporator (74), the gas will exit at the exterior of the building (E) by the pipes (71) and (75). The volume (V) is completely sealed with respect to the interior room (Al). The evaporator (74) in this version will preferably be a buried sensor.
Les figures 8 et 9 sont des exemples de vue en coupe du tube utilisable pour le condenseur (69) à noyer dans le plancher chauffant. Dans la figure 8, le tube (66) comporte un revêtement plastique extérieur (65) réalisé par extrusion et comportant un espace (77) tel un drain qui permettra de diriger le gaz objet d'une fuite du tube (66) vers le volume (V). Dans la figure 9, le tube (66) comporte également une enveloppe plastique (65) extérieure extrudée, mais les espaces (76) sont multiples dans ce cas et ne nécessite pas de drain. La figure 10 est une variante de la figure 7 où seul le tube du plancher chauffant est installé à l'intérieur des locaux. Dans ce cas, en cas les tubes (66) avec leurs revêtements plastique (65) , qui forment le condenseur (69) noyé dans le plancher chauffant, sortent directement du bâtiment au moyen de fourreaux étanches (82) et (83). En cas de fuite, le passage entre l'enveloppe (65) et le tube (66) dirigera le gaz directement à l'extérieur par les fourreaux (82) et (83), préservant le local intérieur (Al) de toute émanation.Figures 8 and 9 are examples of sectional view of the tube used for the condenser (69) to drown in the underfloor heating. In FIG. 8, the tube (66) comprises an external plastic coating (65) produced by extrusion and comprising a space (77) such as a drain which will make it possible to direct the gas subject to a leak from the tube (66) to volume (V). In FIG. 9, the tube (66) also comprises an extruded external plastic envelope (65), but the spaces (76) are multiple in this case and do not require a drain. Figure 10 is a variant of Figure 7 where only the floor heating tube is installed inside the premises. In this case, in the case of the tubes (66) with their plastic coatings (65), which form the condenser (69) embedded in the heated floor, exit directly from the building by means of sealed sheaths (82) and (83). In the event of a leak, the passage between the envelope (65) and the tube (66) will direct the gas directly outside through the sleeves (82) and (83), preserving the interior room (Al) from any emanation.
Un dispositif d'inversion de cycle peut être prévu pour les systèmes de pompe à chaleur représentés figures 7 et 10 ; dans ce cas l'ensemble des tubes (66) noyées dans le plancher (69), jouent le rôle d'évaporateur formant plancher rafraîchissant.A cycle reversing device can be provided for the heat pump systems shown in FIGS. 7 and 10; in this case all the tubes (66) embedded in the floor (69), play the role of evaporator forming cooling floor.
Une application particulièrement intéressante de l'invention est son utilisation pour les pompes à chaleur de type eau/eau ou eau glycolée/eau fonctionnant avec du propane ou autre hydrocarbure comme fluide frigorigène et destinées à l'habitat individuel afin d'assurer la climatisation, le chauffage et/ou la production d'eau chaude sanitaire. L'invention permet en effet d'installer la machine à l'intérieur des locaux ce qui solutionne les risques de gel et les risques acoustiques.A particularly advantageous application of the invention is its use for heat pumps of the water / water or brine / water type operating with propane or other hydrocarbon as refrigerant and intended for individual housing in order to provide air conditioning, heating and / or domestic hot water production. The invention makes it possible to install the machine inside the premises, which solves the risk of freezing and the acoustic risks.
Une application également très intéressante est celle du chauffage par pompe à chaleur à condenseur noyé dans le plancher du bâtiment à chauffer ; dans ce cas la partie thermodynamique enfermant le compresseur pourra être soit installée à l'intérieur, soit à l'extérieur du bâtiment et utiliser un hydrocarbure comme fluide frigorigène.Another very interesting application is that of heating by a condenser heat pump embedded in the floor of the building to be heated; in this case the thermodynamic part enclosing the compressor can be either installed inside or outside the building and use a hydrocarbon as the refrigerant.
D'une manière générale et non limitative, l'invention s'applique à tous systèmes thermodynamiques où il est nécessaire de mettre en relation avec l'extérieur du bâtiment toute la partie thermodynamique, tout en installant la machine ou une partie de celle-ci, à l'intérieur des locaux. L'invention sera également applicable aux appareils à absorption utilisant notamment l'ammoniac comme fluide frigorigène. Dans ce cas le dispositif représenté figure (6) sera avantageusement combiné pour son utilisation comme amenée d'air du brûleur et conduit d'évacuation des gaz brûlés. In general and without limitation, the invention applies to all thermodynamic systems where it is necessary to relate to the exterior of the building all the thermodynamic part, while installing the machine or a part thereof. , inside the premises. The invention will also be applicable to absorption devices using in particular ammonia as a refrigerant. In this case, the device represented in FIG. (6) will advantageously be combined for its use as an air supply from the burner and a conduit for discharging the burnt gases.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Installation de pompe à chaleur située tout ou partie dans un local intérieur (LT) ne comportant aucune partie de circuit en relation directe avec le volume intérieur (LT) ; une seconde enveloppe (10), renfermant une partie thermodynamique, formant un volume étanche (12) avec le local intérieur (LT), est mise en relation directe avec l'extérieur du bâtiment (E) par au moins au moins une liaison étanche (20), interdisant toute émanation de fluide frigorigène à l'intérieur du local intérieur (LT) en cas de fuite sur l'une quelconque des parties du circuit thermodynamique.  CLAIMS 1. Installation of heat pump located all or part in an interior room (LT) comprising no part of circuit in direct relation with the interior volume (LT); a second envelope (10), containing a thermodynamic part, forming a sealed volume (12) with the interior room (LT), is brought into direct contact with the exterior of the building (E) by at least at least one sealed connection ( 20), prohibiting any release of refrigerant inside the interior room (LT) in the event of a leak on any of the parts of the thermodynamic circuit.
2. Installation selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que l'évaporateur (16) et le condenseur (17) sont de type à plaques brasées avec sorties opposées de fluides et traversée étanche de la plaque (15) de séparation des deux compartiments (12) et (13).2. Installation according to claim 1 characterized in that the evaporator (16) and the condenser (17) are of the brazed plate type with opposite outlets of fluids and sealed passage of the plate (15) for separating the two compartments (12 ) and (13).
3. Installation selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le dispositif d'aération (20) comporte un joint d'étanchéité (30) et une grille extérieure (30,31 ).3. Installation according to claim 1 characterized in that the ventilation device (20) comprises a seal (30) and an external grid (30,31).
4. Installation selon la revendication 1 comportant une unité extérieure (41) caractérisée en ce que les tuyauteries de liaison (42, 43) sont placées dans la tubulure d'aération (20).4. Installation according to claim 1 comprising an outdoor unit (41) characterized in that the connecting pipes (42, 43) are placed in the ventilation pipe (20).
5. Installation selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de ventilation comporte deux tubes concentriques (50, 52), le tube central (52) servant à l'extraction de l'air du volume (12) et l'espace annulaire entre les deux tubes assurant l'amenée d'air neuf et inversement.5. Installation according to claim 1 characterized in that the ventilation device comprises two concentric tubes (50, 52), the central tube (52) for extracting air from the volume (12) and the annular space between the two tubes ensuring the supply of fresh air and vice versa.
6. Installation selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de ventilation comporte une ventouse d'étanchéité (60). 6. Installation according to claim 1 characterized in that the ventilation device comprises a sealing suction cup (60).
7. Installation selon la revendication 5 caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de ventilation comporte au moins un ventilateur (53). 7. Installation according to claim 5 characterized in that the ventilation device comprises at least one fan (53).
8. Installation selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de ventilation comporte plusieurs tubulures (20) servant à l'amenée d'air extérieur ou à l'extraction d'air, une ou plusieurs de celles-ci pouvant comporter un ventilateur. 8. Installation according to claim 1 characterized in that the ventilation device comprises several pipes (20) for the supply of outside air or the extraction of air, one or more of these may include a fan .
9. Installation selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le condenseur (69) noyé dans le plancher chauffant est constitué de tubes (66) comportant un revêtement plastique (65), les extrémités de ceux ci étant reliées directement ou indirectement à l'extérieur par des passages étanches (64, 68, 82, 83). 9. Installation according to claim 1 characterized in that the condenser (69) embedded in the heated floor consists of tubes (66) having a plastic coating (65), the ends of these being connected directly or indirectly to the outside by watertight passages (64, 68, 82, 83).
0. Installation selon la revendication 9 caractérisée en ce que le système est réversible, le condenseur (69) devenant évaporateur en cycle été. 0. Installation according to claim 9 characterized in that the system is reversible, the condenser (69) becoming an evaporator in the summer cycle.
PCT/FR2002/002630 2001-07-26 2002-07-23 Heat pump comprising a safety ventilation device WO2003010473A1 (en)

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FR0110014A FR2827948B1 (en) 2001-07-26 2001-07-26 HEAT PUMP WITH SAFETY VENTILATION DEVICE
FR01/10014 2001-07-26

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FR3070755A1 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-08 Bernier Developpement SAFETY DEVICES FOR REFRIGERATING INSTALLATIONS AND HEAT PUMPS USING TOXIC OR INFLAMMABLE REFRIGERANT FLUIDS
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EP4350230A1 (en) * 2022-10-04 2024-04-10 BDR Thermea Group B.V. An air duct for a heat pump system

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CN108027190A (en) * 2015-09-30 2018-05-11 大金工业株式会社 Water heat exchanger housing unit
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FR3070755A1 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-08 Bernier Developpement SAFETY DEVICES FOR REFRIGERATING INSTALLATIONS AND HEAT PUMPS USING TOXIC OR INFLAMMABLE REFRIGERANT FLUIDS
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EP4050284A1 (en) * 2021-02-26 2022-08-31 Stiebel Eltron GmbH & Co. KG Heat pump
WO2023232506A1 (en) * 2022-05-30 2023-12-07 Bdr Thermea Group B.V. An air duct for a heat pump system
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EP4350230A1 (en) * 2022-10-04 2024-04-10 BDR Thermea Group B.V. An air duct for a heat pump system

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