WO2002092945A1

WO2002092945A1 - Outdoor structure, method of producing snow and ice slipping covering, and snow and ice slipping covering

Info

Publication number: WO2002092945A1
Application number: PCT/JP2002/004820
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kiyoshi Kizaka; Shinya Fujiwara; Satoshi Fujita; Masaya Yuasa; Tatsuya Akaki; Katsumi Yasui; Hisao Tanaka; Masato Yonezawa; Yasuhiko Katsuki; Kazutoshi Takamuro; Shuichi Sagawa; Kensuke Ikenaga; Tatsuru Ueda; Takuya Maekawa; Yoshikazu Arakawa
Original assignee: Sekisui Jushi Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date: 2001-05-17
Filing date: 2002-05-17
Publication date: 2002-11-21
Also published as: JPWO2002092945A1

Abstract

When snow and ice accumulate on the outer surface of an outdoor structure, the snow and ice accumulation preventive effect can be developed by quickly slipping the snow and ice sticking to the outer surface of the outdoor structure through the snow and ice slipping property of the outer surface of a cover layer. Therefore, without requiring water repellency at a super water repellency level for prevention of accumulation of snow and ice, the sticking snow and ice can be quickly slipped off by the cover layer formed by a relatively inexpensive and simple method, so that the period of time the snow and ice remain sticking is minimized to ensure that before the sticking snow and ice grow into lump of snow or cornice, it becomes possible to slip them off and at the same time to suppress the sticking of snow and ice.

Description

Description Outdoor work, manufacturing method of snow-and-ice-like covering, and snow-and-ice-like covering

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can suppress snow accumulation, snow cover, and formation of a snow corn in snowy and cold areas, and can slide snow and ice attached to the outer edge of a workpiece where snow icing or a snow corn can be formed. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a work, a method for producing a snow-ice-like coating, and a snow-ice-like coating. Background art

Snow and ice that occur in snowy and cold areas causes various damages and obstacles to ordinary life and industrial activities. For example, electric wires may break due to snow on electric wires or a tower may collapse, causing a power outage accident in a wide area, or snow rolled up while the train is running may adhere to the pantograph or the underside of the vehicle, impeding train operation. And so on. Also, if it is a place related to the recognition of the external situation, it blocks or restricts the human's visual field.For example, if the driver's visual field is obstructed by snow and ice on the window of the vehicle, collisions with structures and It can cause traffic accidents.

When snow and ice arrive on road signs and bridges, the attached snow and ice gradually grows and increases in weight, and when the weight exceeds the adhesive force, it falls as a mass of snow and ice. Depending on the condition in which snow and ice contain a small amount of water, snow and ice can grow to a considerably large weight due to hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces derived from the water. When the snow and ice blocks fall off from road signs or bridges and fall, if vehicles or pedestrians pass under them, it may be catastrophic in some cases. Others Bridge girder, steel tower, vehicle, aircraft, telecommunications facilities, road traffic signs, noise barriers, building roofs, side walls, snow covered ice on traffic lights, inner walls of snow gutters, obstructions caused by icing of snow throwing openings, etc. Accidents and obstacles can affect human life, and high performance and reliable snow and ice prevention technology is desired from various fields.

It is an effective means to use a heating element such as a heater as a measure to prevent snow and ice. However, the addition of equipment cannot be said to be inexpensive at all, and the cost and labor required for maintaining energy such as electric power and the equipment becomes extremely large, and when synthetic resins that are vulnerable to heat are used. Problems such as deformation due to heat may also occur. Furthermore, in cold regions, water generated by melting snow and ice freezes again at a location away from the heating element, causing new problems such as formation of icicles and dropping of the icicles.

Also, with the method of physically removing snow and ice, it is not possible to sufficiently wipe off firmly attached snow and ice, and since the wipers are worn out, replacement is troublesome and costly. Use has the problem that installation and maintenance are very complicated. Furthermore, since water generated by snow melting forms icicles, and snow adheres to the icicles, it is not possible to expect a sufficient effect not to install heating elements not only in necessary places but also around the structure. The use of such means has a problem that installation and maintenance are very complicated.

Accordingly, various inventions have been proposed as a method for preventing snow and icing, in which a substrate is coated with a water-repellent paint containing a fluororesin or the like as a main component, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-31312. In the gazette, JP-A-9-2790956, JP-A-10-88061, JP-A-11-97272, etc., the water repellency of the paint is extremely limited. An outdoor work that prevents snow and ice from forming a super-water-repellent film on the outer surface of a base material by a technique that improves the performance has been proposed. These are generated between snow and water and the outer surface of the coating layer, and the hydrogen bond and van der Waals force that cause snow and ice are minimized as much as possible. This is to prevent snow and ice.

In addition, as a measure to prevent the formation of snow and ice or cornice on the outer edge of a workpiece installed outdoors, in addition to applying a very high water-repellent surface treatment to the outer edge, the upper edge of the workpiece may be covered with snow. Snow or ice by attaching a separate roof-like workpiece with a slope greater than the angle of repose of snow above the workpiece to prevent snow and ice. The method of dropping off by its own weight is used.

However, the above-mentioned outdoor work for preventing snow accretion, when installed outdoors, is not suitable for installation. Although good snow-prevention effect can be obtained at first, approximately several weeks after installation, the water repellency of the coating layer deteriorates due to the adhesion of contaminants to the outer surface of the coating layer and the deterioration of the coating film itself. The effect is lost.

Also, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2373431, photocatalyst fine particles are blended into a water-repellent coating layer, and the redox reaction decomposes contaminants attached to the outer surface of the coating layer. Therefore, a method has been proposed to maintain the super water repellency and maintain the effect of preventing snow accumulation. However, the water-repellent coating layer itself is decomposed at the same time as the contaminants due to the redox reaction of the photocatalyst particles, leading to early deterioration of the coating film itself.Moreover, the photocatalyst fine particles exposed on the outer surface of the coating layer become hydrophilic, and conversely, Snow and ice

If the outer surface of the coating layer has a certain degree of smoothness, a water film is formed between snow and ice and the outer surface of the coating layer when snow and ice begin to melt, and snow and ice slide down on the outer surface of the coating layer. That is, it is expected that snow and ice adhered by snow and ice will be removed from the outer surface of the coating layer. However, in the case of the super water-repellent film, a water film is not formed on the outer surface due to the water repellency, and a discontinuous structure having a large number of fine irregularities on the outer surface is provided. Snow and ice do not run smoothly due to the large membrane. Further, it is necessary to mix fine particles and the like into the paint in order to form such an outer surface.Therefore, there are various problems such as difficulty in handling during painting and a short pot life of the paint, and the process is complicated. The cost is also very high, so it is inevitable to be exposed to severe conditions such as ultraviolet rays, wind and rain, snowfall, and temperature changes.Moreover, there are many large products, and the quality is large even in the target large area. In order to form an outdoor workpiece that requires performance such as a narrow tolerance range for the variation, it is extremely difficult to cope with the above-mentioned coating layer due to durability and manufacturing process problems.

Furthermore, in the method of suppressing snow accretion and ice by forming an inclined surface above the angle of repose of snow above the outdoor workpiece, the angle of inclination over the angle of repose of snow is as steep as 50 degrees or more. Such a work with a large inclination angle needs to form a high and wide surface, which causes various restrictions such as an increase in the load of the work itself, an increase in wind load, and a complicated mounting structure. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and forms a coating layer whose outer surface is snow and ice in a relatively inexpensive and simple manner, and quickly slides down before attached snow and ice grow. It is possible to provide an outdoor work, a method for manufacturing a snow-and-ice coating, and a snow-and-ice coating capable of preventing the occurrence of a disaster caused by falling snow and ice and maintaining the effect for a long period of time. It is. Disclosure of the invention

As a result of intensive studies, the inventors have found that an outdoor work having snow-and-snow and ice properties, wherein a coating layer having snow-and-snow and ice properties was formed on the outdoor work, or a coating layer having snow-and-snow and ice properties was formed. A snow gliding body is attached, and the coating layer has a water repellency with an outer surface tension of 35 dyne / cm or less and a sliding angle of water droplets of 40 degrees or less, so that the outer surface of the outdoor workpiece has snow sliding. They learned that they had icy properties, could reduce snow and ice, and could slide off attached snow and ice, thus completing the present invention.

Snow-sliding property means that the snow and ice slide down while keeping the part in contact with the outer surface of the snow layer constant, that is, when the snow and ice are sled and the outer surface of the coating layer is regarded as the snow surface, This is the property of snow and ice sliding down as if gliding, which is clearly different from that of preventing snow and ice adhesion by forming a super-hydrophobic outer surface. The snow and ice attached to the outer surface having snow and ice properties slide down from the outer surface by its own weight by a small amount of water existing on the surface of the snow and ice intervening between the outer surface and the snow and ice.

In the present invention, when the surface tension of the outer surface of the coating layer is 35 dyne / cm or less, the force of the snow and ice to adhere to the outer surface of the coating layer, that is, the outer surface of the coating layer caused by a small amount of moisture existing on the surface of the snow and ice. Hydrogen bonding force and van der Waals force generated between snow and ice are reduced to reduce the adhesion of snow and ice and to make the attached snow and ice close to the surface of the coating layer. Also, if the drop angle of the water drop, that is, dropping the water drop on the outer surface of the coating layer and stopping the water drop, then gradually inclining the coating layer, and if the tilt angle when the water drop starts moving is 40 degrees or less, the outer surface of the coating layer The attached snow and ice slide down due to its own weight due to the very small amount of water contained therein. can do.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if it snows and ices, the snow and ice attached to the outer surface of the outdoor work can be quickly slid down by the snow and ice properties of the outer surface of the coating layer, so that the effect of preventing snow and ice can be exhibited. Therefore, without the need for super-water-repellent water repellency to prevent snow and ice, the coating layer formed by a relatively inexpensive and simple method enables the attached snow and ice to be quickly slid off, and the snow and ice It is possible to minimize the amount of snow and ice that has adhered to the snow mass or snow eaves before it grows down as much as possible.

Furthermore, even if the contaminants adhere to the outer surface of the coating layer, the particles of the contaminants cannot be uniformly distributed on the entire outer surface of the coating layer, and portions having snow-snow and ice properties are exposed microscopically. Due to the condition, snow and ice properties are not significantly impaired. In addition, the contaminants are removed together with the snow and ice sliding down the outer surface of the coating layer, and the snow and ice properties can be maintained without accumulation. Furthermore, even if the coating film deteriorates, the decline in performance such as surface tension and water slippage associated with snow and ice is much more gradual than that of super water repellency. It is possible to maintain the effect of preventing snow water for a much longer period of time.

The outer surface of the coating layer having snow and ice properties according to the present invention has a surface tension of 35 dyne / cm or less and a water droplet sliding angle of 40 degrees or more. If the surface tension exceeds 35 dyne Z cm, a strong hydrogen bonding force, van der Waals force, etc. will be generated between a small amount of water contained in snow and ice and the outer surface of the coating layer, and this will cause Snow and ice are hard to slide down because their strength exceeds the level that they can slide down by their own weight. Even if the surface tension is less than 35 dyne / cm, it is difficult for the snow and ice adhering to the outer surface of the coating layer to slide down only by its own weight if the sliding angle of the water droplet exceeds 40 degrees. .

Even when the surface tension is 35 dynecm or less and the inclination angle at which the water droplet starts to move is 40 degrees or less, the outer surface of the coating layer has the property that the water droplet slides down, that is, the water droplet and the outer surface of the coating layer when the water droplet moves on the outer surface of the coating layer. It is necessary for the water droplet to move while the area where it contacts is kept constant. Moisture present on the surface of snow and ice is very small and cannot be separated from snow and ice. Since there is almost no gap at the interface with the workpiece, the water cannot be in the form of water droplets, and it cannot fall down, that is, on the surface where water droplets roll on the outer surface, it cannot be expected to have snow and ice properties due to its own weight. The surface tension is more preferably 20 dyne Z cm or less, and the sliding angle of water droplets is more preferably 30 degrees or less, whereby higher snow and ice properties can be exhibited.

The coating layer preferably has an advancing contact angle of 90 degrees or more and a receding contact angle of 50 degrees or more and an advancing contact angle when the water droplet slides down. The advancing contact angle and the receding contact angle when a water droplet slides down represent the balance between the water repellency of the outer surface of the coating layer and the bonding force between the molecules of the water droplet. The adhesion between the outer surface of the layer and the water droplets exceeds the bonding force between the molecules in the water droplets, making snow and ice more likely to occur. If the receding contact angle is less than 50 degrees, snow and ice are more likely to occur for the same reason as for the advancing contact angle, and if the receding contact angle is greater than the advancing contact angle, water droplets will easily fall down and will not easily slide down. Therefore, snow and ice properties are reduced. Further, when the advancing contact angle is more preferably 100 degrees or more, and the receding contact angle is more preferably 60 degrees or more and less than the advancing contact angle, more excellent snow and ice properties can be exhibited.

Further, at the initial angle of sliding of the water droplet, the coating layer preferably has a water droplet sliding speed of 10 cm or less from the initial sliding position to the sliding position of 10 cm. In order to develop snow and ice properties, it is necessary for a small amount of water existing on the surface of snow and ice to be stably kept in contact with the interface between the snow and ice and the outer surface of the coating layer. If it exists in a stable state, the moisture existing on the surface of snow and ice will not be in sufficient contact with the outer surface of the coating layer, and smooth snow and ice properties will not be exhibited. If the moisture is unstable on the outer surface of the coating layer, the water droplets cannot stably stay on the outer surface of the coating layer, and the sliding speed of the water droplets is high. Therefore it is preferred that water droplets slide off speed is less than 1 0 cm Z min, more preferably 5 cm _/ / min or less.

The maximum surface roughness of the outer surface of the coating layer having snow and ice properties according to the present invention is preferably 10 / xm or less. The maximum surface roughness is the difference in height of microscopic irregularities on the outer surface of the coating layer, and the maximum difference on the outer surface of the coating layer is 10 m or less. By setting it to be below, it is possible to make the snow and ice properties excellent. If there is a microscopic difference in height of more than 10 m on the outer surface, snow and ice will not slide smoothly due to the unevenness, and air will accumulate in the recess and the air will be present on the snow and ice surface. A small amount of water is absorbed into snow and ice by the water repellency of the air, which inhibits the development of snow and ice. If the maximum surface roughness is less than 1 Om, such effects on snow and ice can be almost eliminated.

Further, it is preferable that the ice frozen on the outer surface of the coating layer in a temperature range of −2 ° C. to −5 ° C. causes constant load non-breaking sliding due to a load from the horizontal direction with the coating layer. When snow and ice arrive in an actual installation environment, it is in the above-mentioned temperature region that the adhesion of snow and ice is maximum, and in the above-mentioned temperature region, the amount of water contained in the snow and ice is small, but the amount of water is maximum. The resulting hydrogen bonding force and the adhesion of van der Waalska are also maximized, making snow and ice more likely to occur. At an outside air temperature lower than the above temperature range, the amount of water existing on the surface of snow and ice decreases, and the hydrogen bonding force, van der Waals force, etc. decrease accordingly. It easily falls off from the outer surface of the coating layer due to the above. At an outside air temperature higher than the above temperature range, snow and ice are not present, and they slide down as water droplets without adhering to the outer surface.

Constant load non-breaking sliding means that frozen snow and ice slides on the outer surface of the coating layer without causing breakage of the freeze-bonding joint at the interface with the outer surface of the coating layer due to gravity or external force acting on itself. That is, when gravity or external force is applied, rather than suddenly breaking the freezing joint at a certain point and falling off the outer surface of the coating layer, the gravity or external force is applied from the point of time when the gravity or external force is applied at a certain point. This means that the snow and ice move so as to slide on the outer surface of the coating layer while being kept. By sliding the snow and ice in a constant load non-breaking manner, the snow and ice can be made to slide by gravity or an external force smaller than the breakage of the freeze-bonded joint, and the snow and ice can easily slide down by their own weight.

Therefore, when snow and ice adhere to a surface that does not have snow and ice properties during snowfall, the attached snow and ice gradually grows and breaks off from the surface when the weight of the snow and ice exceeds the adhesive force between the surface and the snow and ice. Pedestrians fall as large blocks of snow and ice However, on the surface such as the outer surface of the coating layer in the present invention, snow and ice slide down in a comparatively small state without breaking off under their own weight, and as described above, Damage can be prevented before it happens.

Further, the coating layer may be formed on an inorganic base film on a base material and formed on the inorganic base film. By forming an inorganic base film on a base material, the surface treatment can be performed on any type of base material and even if the base material has been subjected to surface treatment such as painting or plating. By forming an inorganic base film on a coating and forming a coating layer on the inorganic base film, a snow-ice-like coating layer can be easily formed on various substrates. Furthermore, the inorganic base film functions as a hard coat layer, so that the substrate can be hardly damaged.

The inorganic base film may be a transparent film, and by using such an inorganic base film, a coating layer is formed without impairing the appearance such as the color and gloss of a surface treatment film such as painting and plating. be able to. The inorganic base film has good adhesion to both organic and inorganic coatings, and is easily bonded chemically to the water-repellent substance by its functional group. By firmly fixing the water-repellent substance, it is possible to form a highly durable coating layer of snow and ice.

The inorganic base film formed on the outer surface of the base material according to the present invention may be glass or a metal oxide itself such as titanium oxide or alumina, or may be formed by using them. It is preferably formed by using a silicone coating agent. Silicone, which is a main component of the silicone coating agent, can have relatively high adhesion to the substrate and bond to the water-repellent substance as described above, and can easily form an inorganic base film. Further, in the film formed by the silicone coating agent, the silicone substances are bonded to each other through siloxane bonds similar to glass, so that the film becomes extremely strong. Further, the water-repellent substance can be easily and firmly fixed due to the high amount of the functional group of the silicone.

Silicone coating that forms an inorganic base film composed mainly of silicone Known coating agents may be used. Examples of the coating method include a diving method, a spin coating method, a nozzle flow coating method, a spray method, a flow coating method, a brush coating method, a roller coating method, and a wiving coating method. It can be applied by a method or a combination of these methods, but a spray method or a diving method, which can easily control the uniformity of the film and the film thickness and obtains smoothness, is preferable.

In addition, the coating layer has a length of 5 A (angstrom) or more, more preferably

It is preferable that a water-repellent substance having a linear structure having a length of 1 OA or more is fixed to the upper surface of the substrate with its terminals oriented to the outer surface of the coating layer. By immobilizing the water-repellent substance having a linear structure, it is possible to reduce the sliding angle of the water droplet on the outer surface of the coating layer and to make the water droplet water-slidable.

The outer surface of the coating layer looks like a carpet with long hairs when viewed microscopically by orienting the ends of the water-repellent substance having a linear structure to the outer surface and immobilizing the coating layer. Looking at a water-repellent substance having a linear structure as the hair foot of a carpet, the hair foot is water-repellent when water drops are placed on the surface of the carpet, and the water drops do not penetrate between the hair feet and stand upright. It will be in a state of being put on. When the entire carpet is tilted in that state, the upright hair feet tilt in the tilting direction due to the weight of the water droplets, helping the water droplets to move, reducing the sliding angle of the water droplets, and merely water repellency It is possible to slide snow and ice down at a slant angle with less force than when a smooth coating layer is formed on the outer surface. In addition, as the water drops slide down on the inclined carpet surface, the hairs on the trajectory incline in the inclination direction one after another, so that the water drops can be maintained and the water drops do not need to fall down. Can slide down.

In addition to water droplets, even when contaminants adhere, the water-repellent material having a linear structure is much smaller than the contaminant particles, and the contaminants land on the outer surface without penetrating the coating layer. Once in a state, once it adheres, it easily slides down with water droplets and snow and ice. Further, since the contaminants are only attached to the outer surface, the water-repellent material having the linear structure does not hinder tilting, and therefore does not lead to a decrease in snow-snow and ice properties. If the length of the water-repellent substance having a linear structure is less than 5 A, it cannot be sufficiently tilted to exhibit snow and ice properties, and is preferably 5 A or more,

If it is 1 〇A or more, the water-repellent substance having a linear structure tends to tilt more easily. Is more preferable.

In addition, the coating layer has a linear structure in which a trifluoromethyl group or a methyl group is arranged at the terminal at a length of 5 A or more, more preferably 10 A or more on the upper surface of the substrate. It is preferable that the water-repellent substance is fixed to the outer surface of the coating layer so that the terminals are oriented. The trifluoromethyl group and the methyl group are water-repellent functional groups, respectively, and exhibit water repellency.

A water-repellent substance having a linear structure in which a trifluoromethyl group is located at a terminal is

Since the trifluoromethyl group is water-repellent, the polarity of the functional group is high, and the functional group itself is large, the water-repellent substance having a fixed linear structure is erect by the repulsion of the ends. It becomes easier to work, and works in favor of snow and ice. In addition, when the ends of the water-repellent material having a linear structure repel each other, even when the density of the water-repellent material having a linear structure fixed due to deterioration over time decreases, the water-repellent material having a linear structure also exists. Since the material is less likely to fall, the period during which the snow and ice properties are exhibited can be prolonged, and the durability is high.

In addition, a water-repellent substance having a straight-chain structure in which a methyl group is disposed at a terminal has a water-repellent substance having a relatively small functional group and a straight-chain structure while having a water-repellent methyl group. It can be fixed densely on the upper surface, and the small functional group at the end makes it easy to move the linear structure, so that it can exhibit high snow and ice properties at the initial stage. The water-repellent substance having a linear structure in which a trifluoromethyl group or a methyl group is arranged at a terminal may be used alone, or may be appropriately mixed and used.

Further, in the coating layer according to claim 8 or 9, the water-repellent substance having a linear structure fixed on the upper surface of the base material has at least one substance per 20 square A, It is preferred that the distribution be substantially uniform. If the area per molecule is more than 20 square A, the number of hair feet when the coating layer is compared to a carpet and its hair feet will be reduced, and the outer surface of the coating layer will be involved in the snow and ice properties as described above. The effect cannot be fully exhibited.

The coating layer according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the water-repellent substance having a linear structure is fixed on the upper surface of the substrate in a saturated state. It is preferable to distribute the particles approximately uniformly at a density of 10 to 95% with respect to the density. The density at which the fixation is saturated is defined as the density at which the water-repellent substance is microscopically fixed due to the size of the molecule and the intermolecular energy, etc. That's what it says. The water-repellent substance having the linear structure is water-repellent, and when the substance is fixed at a density at which the substance is saturated on the surface, the entire outer surface of the coating layer is made of a water-repellent substance when considering the size level of water molecules. It will be covered. Water has a small binding force between molecules and tends to stay in place, but on the surface where only the water-repellent substance is arranged, a small amount of water contained in snow and ice is on the surface Snow and ice that adhere to the outer surface of the coating layer due to the stay will make it difficult for snow and ice to slip.

Therefore, by providing a non-water-repellent portion in addition to the water-repellent portion, hydrogen between the snow and ice and the outer surface of the coating layer generated due to a small amount of water contained in the snow and ice between the two portions is provided. Differences occur in the bonding force, van der Waals force, etc., and this difference breaks the balance of the force that tries to adhere between snow and ice and the outer surface of the coating layer, and further promotes snow-snow ice by acting as a starting point for moving moisture be able to. If the distribution of the water-repellent substance having a linear structure can be fixed only to a portion of less than 10%, it is difficult to reduce the surface tension to 35 dyne Z cm or less. The effect of contributing to snow and ice is hard to be manifested without breaking the balance of the forces that tend to adhere.

Further, by distributing the hydrophilic substance in a portion other than the area where the water-repellent substance is distributed, a greater difference in hydrogen bonding force, van der Waals force, and the like can be generated, and the snow and ice properties can be improved. . Furthermore, the contaminants and the like adhering to the outer surface of the coating layer due to the hydrophilicity are easily washed away by rainfall and the like, and the contaminants are removed, which leads to prevention of a reduction in the effect of preventing snow and ice. The substance exhibiting water repellency according to the present invention can be formed with any water repellent. When the base material is made of a polymer such as synthetic resin which is vulnerable to heat, it does not adversely affect the base material. It is preferable to use a water-repellent substance which can form a film at a low temperature of less than or equal to and which can be fixed to a hydroxyl group, and uses, as a main component, one or a mixture of two or more kinds selected from the following examples. Is good. For example, (CFmm: 1.1 to 1.6, manufactured by Osaka Gas Co., Ltd.), or fluororesin, specifically, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetraethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PFE P), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (PETFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer (PFA), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVdF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), etc. As a fluorine resin coating agent based on them, a fluorine-containing compound having a fluorocarbon group, or a fluorine resin coating agent based on them can be used.

Further, the coating layer according to any one of claims 8 to 12 is a fluorine-containing silane compound, a fluorine-free silane compound, a fluorine-containing compound having a fluorocarbon group having one or more fluorine-containing compounds. It is preferable that the mixture be a main component. In the formation of the coating layer, it is preferable to form the coating layer by applying a mixture prepared as a coating liquid for forming a coating film, followed by drying and curing. The compound is a water-repellent substance having a straight-chain structure and has a functional group having a high binding force, so that the coating layer can have good snow and ice durability. Furthermore, when these coating liquids are applied on an inorganic base film containing silicone as a main component, the silicone and the above three types of water-repellent substances are bonded by a siloxane bond, and an extremely strong bonding force is developed. It is preferable because it can have high durability of snow and ice.

Further, the fluorine-free silane compound according to claim 13 may be a fluorine-free silane compound having a methyl group. As described above, a water-repellent substance having a linear structure in which a methyl group is located at a terminal has a relatively small functional group of a methyl group, and a water-repellent substance having a linear structure is densely provided on a surface of a substrate. It can be fixed and the linear structure is easy to move due to the small number of functional groups at the end, so that high snow and ice properties can be exhibited at the initial stage.

As a coating method relating to the formation of the coating layer, a water-repellent substance as described above is used as a coating liquid, and examples thereof include a dive method, a spin coating method, a nozzle flow coating method, a spray method, a flow coating method, a brush coating method, and a roller coating method. , Wiving The coating can be applied by a coating method or a combination of these methods, but the spraying method and the dipping method are preferred because the uniformity of the film and the control of the film thickness are easy, and the smoothness can be obtained in order to exhibit a water-sliding property. It is. In the case of coating by a spray method, it is preferable that the discharge amount and the discharge pressure of the paint be as small as possible, depending on the water repellent substance to be coated. If the discharge amount is increased, a curing reaction proceeds between the water-repellent substances, so that a uniform coating film is hardly formed.

Further, the substance to be distributed to the other part of the part where the water repellent substance is distributed is preferably hydrophilic for the above-mentioned reason, and the substance for exhibiting hydrophilicity may be formed by an arbitrary hydrophilizing agent. In addition, if the base material itself is a hydrophilic substance such as glass or metal oxide, a portion that is itself exposed on the outer surface may be used as the hydrophilic substance.

Examples of the hydrophilizing agent that forms the substance that expresses the hydrophilicity include R1aR2bR3cSix4—a—b—c [R1, R2, R3: aliphatic carbonized Hydrogen group and Z or aromatic hydrocarbon group. a, b, c: 0-3. a + b + c: 0-3.

X: a compound represented by a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable functional group (halogen element, alkoxy group, isocyanate group)]. For example, in the case of a tetrafunctional silane with a + b + c = 0, room temperature or calcination Will result in a silica-based thin film, and for example, a + b

In the case of + c = 1, 2, 3 (R is methyl group, ethyl group, phenyl group, etc.), the film is baked at a high temperature to sinter the hydrocarbon group: R. can do.

Further, for example, a hydrophilic silica-based thin film can be obtained by coating with a coating liquid comprising a silicone coating agent based on the silane compound. Specifically, for example, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane, tetra-iso-propoxysilane, tetra-n-butoxysilane, tetra-iso-butoxysilane, tetra-sec-butoxysilane, Tetra-tert-butoxysilane and the like. In addition, tetrachlorosilane, tetrisocyanate silane, ethoxysilane triisocyanate and the like can be mentioned. Further, for example, methyltrimethoxysilane, Methyltriethoxysilane, methyltrichlorosilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, ethyltrichlorosilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyletriethoxysilane, phenyltrichlorosisilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, propinoletriethoxysilane, propyl ^ trichlorosilane, Examples include trimethoxysilane, butyltriethoxysilane, butyltrichlorosilane, hexyltrimethyoxysilane, methylsilyltriisocyanate, dimethylsilyldiisocyanate, and butylsilyltriisocyanate.

Further, for example, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyljetoxysilane, dimethylvinylmethoxysilane, dimethylvinylchlorosilane and the like. Also, 3—clopropyl trimethoxysilane, 3-aminobutyl triethoxysilane, N— (2-aminoethyl) -1-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyl Trimethoxysilane and the like. Further, polysilazane and silazane type are exemplified. Further, a silicone coating agent based on the above-mentioned silane compound may, for example, be mentioned.

As a coating method relating to the formation of a substance exhibiting hydrophilicity, a hydrophilic substance as described above is used as a coating liquid, and examples thereof include a dive method, a spin coating method, a nozzle flow coating method, a spray method, a flow coating method, a brush coating method, Spray can be applied by roller coating method, wiping coating method, etc., or a combination of these methods. However, similar to coating with water-repellent substances, uniformity of film, control of film thickness, etc. are easy and smoothness is obtained. The method and the dive method are preferred. When the spray method is used, it is preferable that the discharge amount and the discharge pressure be as low as possible to suppress the progress of the curing of the hydrophilic agent to form a uniform coating film.

The outdoor structure according to the present invention includes a tunnel entrance, a center partition strip, a noise barrier Kasagi, a truss of a truss bridge, a sign board, a snow cover, a sign, a mirror, a self-luminous body, a shelter, a bicycle storage area, and a lighting lamp. , Arbor, protective fence, wind and snow fence, snow fence, anti-fouling fence, traffic light, toll booths such as toll roads, railway vehicles, housing roof snow eaves protection plate, housing roof parapets, solar cells, outside of houses Blindfolds such as construction and lander It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of a board, a storeroom, and a garbage dump structure.

A snow-ice / ice body having a snow-ice-ice coating layer formed on or having a snow-ice-ice coating layer formed on such outdoor work is provided with snow-ice / ice properties, and the attached snow and ice is quickly slid down. This will ensure the safety of traffic routes, lighting, and visibility.

Further, the illumination lamp is characterized in that a member having an inclined surface is provided above the lamp, and a snow-snow-ice coating layer is provided on an outer surface of the inclined surface. Further, the member is characterized in that a heat insulating material is provided between the member and the lamp.

Further, the traffic light transmits light relating to traffic to a road user by transmitting light from the light emitting diode through the cover, and a snow-snow / ice coating layer is provided on an outer surface of the cover. It is a feature.

Further, the outdoor workpiece is characterized in that an outer edge is inclined at an angle of 20 degrees or more with respect to a horizontal plane.

Further, the outdoor work is characterized in that the outer edge is inclined at an angle of 20 to 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

According to the present invention, since the outer surface is provided with a snow-snow / ice-repellent coating layer, the outer edge cannot be formed by a conventional hydrophilic, water repellent and super water repellent coating layer. Degrees or about 20 to 45 degrees of snow and ice. It is more preferably at least 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. In addition, since the horizontal plane is set at 20 to 45 degrees, it is possible to reduce the wind load applied to the outer edge which is inevitable for the outdoor work, and to form the outdoor work, the strength as the work, Restrictions such as the necessity of making the outer edge a steep angle can be reduced.

Incidentally, the inclined surface is not limited to the inclination by a continuous straight line. The inclined surface may be changed in the middle, or may be formed by a curved line. A combination of straight lines may be used. Also, the upright surface may be formed in the middle of the inclined surface, and may be formed in the middle of the curve. May be present.

Further, the method for producing a snow-and-ice coating according to the present invention has a linear structure of 5 A or more, and has trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, dimethoxysilane, diethoxysilane, methoxysilane or ethoxysilane at one end. And at least one member selected from the group consisting of a fluorocarbon group and a methyl group is disposed at the other end thereof. Dispersing in a solvent to form a water-repellent composition, applying the water-repellent composition on a substrate, and removing the remaining water-repellent composition while applying pressure while the solvent remains. And forming a coating layer on the base material.

According to the present invention, one end reacts with a hydroxyl group arranged on the upper surface of the substrate.

The other end is oriented on the outer surface of the coating layer, and the same operation and effect as those of the coating layer according to claim 8 can be obtained. The water-repellent substance contained in the water-repellent composition reacts with and binds to the hydroxyl group disposed on the upper surface of the substrate during application, but is forced by applying pressure while the solvent remains. The reaction and the bonding are promoted by being brought into close contact with the hydroxyl group, and the number of hairs in the above-described carpet can be increased, and the snow-and-ice property of the obtained snow-and-ice coating can be improved. In addition, by removing the remaining water-repellent composition, not only a coating layer made of a smooth water-repellent material is formed on the outer surface, but also the unreacted water-repellent material does not remain on the outer surface of the coating layer. However, the water-repellent material remaining near the tip of the hair foot in the above carpet illustration does not hinder the movement of the hair foot. As a method for removing the remaining water-repellent composition while applying pressure while the solvent remains, a method using an air blow or the like may be used, but friction using a means such as a waste cloth, a rasha, a sponge, a puff, or a brush may be used. Is preferred. Further, it is preferable to perform the friction by fixing the means used for the friction to a friction device, a vibration device, or the like. In the method for producing a snow-snow-and-ice coating according to the present invention, the water-repellent composition is applied and friction is applied. After the friction is started, the remaining water-repellent composition is adhered to the water-repellent composition on the substrate. Although it is repelled by the substance, it is preferable that the friction takes about 0.1 to 10 seconds to be repelled, more preferably It is around 2 seconds. If the time is too short, the water-repellent composition is removed before the water-repellent substance is sufficiently fixed on the base material, and if the time is too long, the water-repellent composition, in which the solvent volatilizes, is deposited on the surface of the coating layer. Many will remain.

The pressure applied by friction is not particularly limited as long as the inorganic base film is not damaged, but is preferably about 0.1 to 2 kg Zcm2. The reaction and bonding to the above hydroxyl group can be promoted, and the remaining water-repellent composition can be sufficiently removed.

At least one member selected from the group consisting of trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, dimethoxysilane, diethoxysilane, methoxysilane or ethoxysilane is disposed at one end, and a group consisting of a fluorocarbon group and a methyl group at the other end. As the water-repellent substance on which at least one selected from the above is disposed, for example, a water-repellent substance shown in Chemical formula 1 can be suitably used.

[Formula 1]

n = about SO

_FAS17 anti «s sex siloxathiol: 3v

(Sheet tie force) The coating layer is formed on an inorganic base film that has been subjected to at least one treatment selected from the group consisting of corona discharge treatment, plasma discharge treatment, and frame treatment. It is a feature.

Hydroxyl groups at the siloxane bond terminals are oriented on the surface of the inorganic base film, and the hydroxyl groups react with the water-repellent substance to obtain a snow-snow-ice coating layer. However, the inorganic base film is formed. Then, if the water-repellent substance is left without reacting, the hydroxyl groups adsorb moisture and impurities in the air, and the reactivity with the water-repellent substance decreases. The treatment as described above is performed to remove such adsorbed moisture and impurities, and to further increase the number of hydroxyl groups oriented on the surface of the inorganic base film, thereby increasing the number of places where the water-repellent substance can react, thereby increasing the reaction. Character can be enhanced. The snow-ice-like coating layer formed on such inorganic base film has an initial property. It can have high performance and high durability.

Further, a snow-and-ice coating according to claim 22 according to the present invention is formed by the manufacturing method according to claim 20 or 21, and has a surface tension of 35 dyne. A coating layer having a water repellency of not more than / cm and a slipping angle of a water droplet of not more than 40 degrees is provided. Further, the snow-and-ice coating according to claim 23 of the present invention has a coating layer formed on a substrate, the outer surface of which has been subjected to an accelerated weathering test for 1,000 hours has a surface tension of It is characterized by having a water repellency of 35 dyne cm or less, and a water drop of 40 degrees or less.

Here, the accelerated weathering test is based on a sunshine carbon arc lamp based on JIS-K5400 (General paint test method). The light generated by burning carbon emits ultraviolet rays equivalent to 10 times that of sunlight. This is a test method in which the coating layer is forcibly degraded by spraying water at regular intervals.The snow-ice-ice coating according to claim 24 of the present invention comprises: The outer surface of the formed coating layer exposed to 560 MJ / m2 UV in the outdoor light-accelerated accelerated exposure test has a water repellency with a surface tension of 35 dyne Z cm or less and a water droplet sliding angle of 40 degrees or less. It is characterized by having a high slipperiness.

Here, the outdoor condensing accelerated exposure test is a test method described in ASTM-G90, commonly called EMMAQUA, in which sunlight that actually falls down to the horizon is condensed by a reflector or the like and irradiated. Therefore, unlike ordinary accelerated weathering tests, it can irradiate light rays of all wavelengths in sunlight, and has high correlation with actual outdoor installations. The energy amount of 560M J / m2 UV in this test is said to be equivalent to about 3 years in actual outdoor installation.

According to the above-mentioned snow-snow-ice coating, even if it is installed outdoors where snow and ice can be attached, excellent snow-snow and ice properties can be maintained over a long period of time, and damage due to snow and ice can be prevented before it occurs. Along with the time and effort involved in replacement due to performance degradation This can lead to cost reduction.

Further, the snow-and-ice-like coating according to claim 25 according to the present invention has a water repellent property in which the outer surface has a surface tension of 35 dyne Z cm or less over an intermediate material on a base material. And a water-slidable coating layer having a sliding angle of water droplets of 40 degrees or less.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if a base material is already installed through an intermediate | middle material, a base material can be easily formed by forming a snow-snow-ice coating layer on an intermediate | middle material and attaching to a base material. A snow and ice coating layer can be provided on the base material, and the intermediate material can provide various designs, colors, gloss, and the like on the base material.

The intermediate material is made of a synthetic resin that transmits visible light.

By using such an intermediate material, it is possible to provide a snow- and ice-like coating layer without impairing the design, color, gloss and display content of the base material.

Further, the intermediate material has flexibility.

Since the intermediate member has flexibility, it is easy to form the snow-snow-ice coating layer by attaching the intermediate member to substrates having various shapes following the intermediate member. In order to provide the intermediate material with flexibility, the intermediate material may be formed using a flexible resin such as rubber or an elastomer that transmits visible light, and a synthetic resin that transmits visible light may be used. 0. O lmn! The film may have flexibility of about 2.0 mm.

The coating method using a water-repellent substance related to the formation of a coating layer on the intermediate material, in addition to the above-mentioned coating method, gravure roll coating method, Meyer bar coating method, doctor blade coating method, and river coating method (I) It may be formed by a known finolem coating method such as a slow-no-recording method, an air knife coating method, or a combination of the above-mentioned coating methods, but the base material is a synthetic resin and further has flexibility. Therefore, it is preferable to form the film by a dip coating method. The coating layer of the snow-and-ice-like coating according to any one of claims 22 to 26 according to the present invention, wherein water droplets on the outer surface have a forward contact angle of 90 degrees or more and a receding contact angle. It is characterized in that it slides down at an angle of not less than 50 degrees and not more than an advancing contact angle. Further, the coating layer of the snow-and-ice-like coating according to any one of claims 22 to 27 according to the present invention, wherein the outer surface slides down by 10 cm from the initial sliding point at the initial angle of sliding of the water droplet. It is characterized in that the water droplet sliding speed before the drop is 10 cm or less.

Further, the coating layer of the snow-and-ice-like coating according to any one of claims 22 to 28 according to the present invention has a maximum outer surface roughness of 10 / m or less. It is assumed that.

Further, the coating layer of the snow-sliding and ice-based coating material according to any one of claims 22 to 29 according to the present invention is ice that has been frozen on the outer surface in a temperature range of 12 to 15 degrees. However, it is characterized in that it slides in a constant load non-rupture manner by a load from the horizontal direction with the coating layer.

Further, the coating layer of the snow-and-ice coating according to any one of claims 22 to 30 according to the present invention is formed on an inorganic base film formed on a substrate. It is characterized by having.

Further, the inorganic base film is formed by using a silicone coating agent containing silicone as a main component.

Further, the coating layer of the snow-and-ice-like coating according to any one of claims 22 to 32 according to the present invention has a linear structure having a length of 5 A (angstrom) or more. The water-repellent substance is characterized in that its ends are oriented on the outer surface of the coating layer and fixed on the upper surface of the substrate.

In addition, the water-repellent substance having the linear structure has a trifluoromethyl group and / or a methyl group disposed at an end thereof, and is oriented such that the trifluoromethyl group and / or the methyl group become an outer surface. It is characterized by the following.

Further, the water-repellent substance having a linear structure is characterized in that one or more substances are distributed approximately uniformly in 20 square A.

Further, the water-repellent substance having the linear structure is fixed substantially uniformly at a density of 10 to 95% with respect to the density at which the fixing of the substance is saturated on the upper surface of the substrate. It is characterized by the following. Further, the water-repellent substance having the linear structure is fixed almost uniformly at a density of 10 to 95% with respect to the density at which the fixing of the substance is saturated on the upper surface of the substrate. Is characterized in that a hydrophilic substance is present in the portion.

Further, the coating layer of the snow-and-ice-like coating according to any one of claims 33 to 37 according to the present invention, is a fluorine-containing silane compound, a fluorine-free silane compound, or a fluorine-containing silane compound having a fluorocarbon group. It is characterized by one or more selected from compounds as a main component. Further, the fluorine-free silane compound is a fluorine-free silane compound having a methyl group.

The effects obtained by the snow-and-ice coating according to claims 27 to 39 according to the present invention are described in claims 2 to 14 according to the present invention. Similar to that obtained with an outdoor workpiece.

The outdoor work according to claim 40, further comprising: a coating layer having snow and ice properties formed thereon, or a snow and ice body on which the coating layer having snow and ice properties is formed, wherein said coating layer is provided. Is a coating layer according to claims 22 to 39. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the measurement of the load required for sliding ice and a test for checking the condition of sliding ice.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a difference in peeling state according to a change in load required for gliding. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a snow-and-ice-ice covering provided with an intermediate material according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example of mounting of the embodiment shown in FIG. Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of a tunnel opening, which is an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a side sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is an immediate sectional view showing a conventional tunnel hole B.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of a tunnel opening which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of a tunnel opening which is an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a central partition wall section, which is an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of a central partition wall section, which is an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the soundproof wall hood, which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of a soundproof wall hood, which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a sign as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a mirror which is an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the truss of the truss bridge, which is an outdoor structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a road sign as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a side view of a conventional road sign showing a snow-covered state.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing the back surface of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of a road sign as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory view showing still another embodiment of a road sign as an outdoor work according to the present invention. FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing still another embodiment of a road sign which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a self-luminous body which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of a self-luminous body which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a shelter as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a bicycle parking lot as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory view showing a state of formation of a conventional lighting lamp and an icicle.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an illumination lamp as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the illumination light as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of an illumination lamp as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of an illumination lamp as an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention.

FIG. 34 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of an arbor, which is an outdoor structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 35 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a projection prevention fence which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a windproof snow fence, which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 37 is an explanatory view showing a conventional snow fence.

FIG. 38 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a snow fence as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

Fig. 39 shows an embodiment of a protective fence which is an outdoor work according to the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 40 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a tollgate roof which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a railway vehicle as an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention.

FIG. 42 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a traffic signal as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 43 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the traffic signal as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

Figure 44 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the shape of the roof of a typical house in an area with a lot of snow.

FIG. 45 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of snow cover on a conventional house roof.

FIG. 46 is an explanatory view showing a state of snow cover on a conventional house roof.

• FIG. 47 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a parapet, which is an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention.

FIG. 48 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a paradox and a snow eaves prevention plate, which are outdoor works according to the present invention.

FIG. 49 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of a paradox and a snow-covered eaves prevention plate which is an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 50 is an explanatory view showing still another embodiment of a paradox and a snow eaves prevention plate as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 51 is an explanatory diagram showing a snow-covered state due to a difference in a formation location of a snow-snow-ice coating layer according to the present invention.

FIG. 52 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a paradox, a cornice prevention plate, and a solar battery, which are outdoor works according to the present invention.

FIG. 53 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a solar cell as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a solar cell which is an outdoor work according to the present invention. FIG. 55 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a blind plate as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 56 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a storage as an outdoor work according to the present invention.

FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a garbage collection facility structure that is an outdoor work according to the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

An embodiment of an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention will be described with reference to the following examples and comparative examples.

[First Embodiment]

(Example 1)

First, l O OmmX I O Omm, thickness 3. Omm silicon-based base β-coated polycarbonate plate is sufficiently corona-discharged, and the outer surface is activated (hydrophilized) to be used as a substrate. Next, a fluorosilicone coating agent X-24-7890 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was diluted to a solid content ratio of about 2.0% to obtain a coating solution for forming a coating layer. Then, the substrate is immersed in a bath filled with the coating liquid for forming a coating layer, pulled up at a speed of about 5 mm, min, dried at room temperature, and then heat-treated at about 80 ° C. for about 30 minutes. An outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 1 was obtained.

(Example 2)

Unlike Example 1, except that the fluorosilicone coating agent X—24-9270 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was diluted to a solid content ratio of about 1.0% to obtain a coating liquid for forming a coating layer. In the same manner as in Example 1, an outdoor work according to the present invention of Example 2 was obtained.

(Example 3)

Next, unlike the above, a coating solution containing LS6970 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is octadecyltriethoxysilane [ODTE S], as a main component was used. As C 1 8H3 7 S i (OC 2H5) 3: Ethyl alcohol [EtOH]: water [0.01 NHNO3] = 1: 150: around 8, and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours to obtain a coating solution for forming a coating layer. Then, in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, the same base material used in Example 1 was immersed in a tank filled with the coating liquid for forming a coating layer, and the speed was about 10 mm. Then, the solvent was dried at room temperature, and then heat-treated at about 60 ° C. for about 30 minutes to obtain an outdoor workpiece of Example 3 according to the present invention.

(Example 4)

Further, unlike the above, as a coating solution for forming a coating layer, a coating solution mainly containing TSL 823 3 (manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.), which is heptadecafluorodecinoletriethoxysilane [FAS], is used. C 8 F 17 C 2H4 S i (OC 2H5) 3: Ethyl alcohol [EtOH]: Water [0.01 N, ΗΝΟ3] = 1: 30: 2 The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours to obtain a coating liquid for forming a coating layer. Then, the same base material used in Example 1 was immersed in a tank filled with the coating liquid for forming a coating layer in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, and a speed of about 1 OmmZ Then, the solvent was dried at room temperature, and then heat-treated at about 80 ° C. for about 30 minutes to obtain an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 4.

(Example 5)

Further, unlike the above, as the coating liquid for forming the coating layer, a coating liquid containing heptadecafluorodecyltrichlorosilane [HDFDTCS] KBM7803 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a main component is used. The mixing ratio of the liquid was C8F17C2H4SiC13: silicone oil (KF994 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) = 1: around 99. Then, in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, the same base material used in Example 1 was immersed in a tank filled with the coating liquid for forming a coating layer for about 45 minutes, and the solvent was added at room temperature. After being dried, it was heat-treated at about 60 ° C. for about 30 minutes to obtain an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 5.

(Example 6)

An outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the substrate was immersed in a tank filled with the coating solution for forming a coating layer for about 20 minutes. (Example 7)

An outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the substrate was immersed in a tank filled with the coating solution for forming a coating layer for about 10 minutes.

(Example 8)

l O OmmX IO Omm, 1.5 mm thick glass plate as base material, glass plate is carried out except that it is sufficiently cleaned by ultrasonic before immersion in a bath filled with coating liquid for forming coating layer In the same manner as in Example 5, an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 8 was obtained.

(Example 9)

As a coating solution for forming a hydrophilic film, a coating solution mainly composed of LS 2340 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is tetraethoxysilane [TEOS], is used. (OC 2H 5) 4: Ethyl alcohol [EtOH]: Water [0.01 N, HC 1] = around 1: 20: 8, and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours to obtain a coating solution for a hydrophilic film. Then, the same base material used in Example 1 was immersed in a tank filled with the coating liquid for forming a hydrophilic film in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, and a speed of about 1 Omm / min. After drying at room temperature, a heat treatment was performed at about 60 ° C. for about 30 minutes to obtain a polycarbonate plate having a hydrophilic film formed on the outer surface. Next, as a coating solution for forming the coating layer, a coating solution containing heptadecafluorodecyltrichlorosilane [HDFDTCS] KBM7803 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a main component is used, and the coating solution for forming the coating layer is mixed. The ratio was C 8 F 17 C 2 H 4 Si C13: silicone oil (KF 994 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) = 1: around 99. Then, in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, the polycarbonate plate on which the hydrophilic coating was formed was immersed in a tank filled with the coating liquid for forming a coating layer for about 20 minutes as in Example 6, After drying the solvent at room temperature, it was heat-treated at about 60 ° C. for about 30 minutes to obtain an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 9.

(Example 10)

Black mouth Trifluoroethylene-based fluororesin (Zaflon FC110 manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) 40 parts by weight, xylene: toluene: ethyl acetate: methyl isobutyl The ketone was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 3: 1: 1: 1 and stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes. Thereafter, 5 parts by weight of an isocyanate curing agent (Coronate 2515 manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) was added, and the mixture was further stirred for 10 minutes to obtain a coating solution for forming a coating layer. Then, the same substrate as used in Example 1 was immersed in a tank filled with the coating liquid for forming a coating layer, pulled up at a speed of about 5 mm ", and dried at room temperature. The heat treatment was performed at about 100 ° C. for about 30 minutes to obtain an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 10.

(Example 11)

First, an aluminum plate with a thickness of 1 O OmmX 10 O mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm is chromate-treated, and an epoxy resin primer is spray-coated on the outer surface, heat-cured at about 150 degrees for 30 minutes, and urethane is further applied on the outer surface. Spray-coat resin-based paint and heat cure at about 150 ° C for 30 minutes. Spray-coat silicone coating agent KP 8.54 (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) on the outer surface and dry solvent at room temperature for about 1 hour. Heat cured at 00 degrees for 30 minutes to form an inorganic base film on a urethane-coated aluminum plate as a base material. On the inorganic base film, the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Example 1 was spray-coated with the discharge amount and discharge pressure as low as possible, and the solvent was dried at room temperature. After that, a heat treatment was performed at about 80 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain an outdoor workpiece of Example 11 according to the present invention.

(Example 1 2)

Unlike Example 11, an outdoor product according to the present invention of Example 12 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Example 2 was used. Was.

(Example 13)

Next, unlike the above, using the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as that used in Example 3, in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, as far as possible, the discharge amount and the discharge pressure of the coating liquid are possible. Lower the temperature, spray-coat on the inorganic base film on the same substrate as used in Example 11, dry the solvent at room temperature, and heat-treat at about 60 degrees for 30 minutes. There were obtained 13 outdoor works according to the present invention.

(Example 14) Further, unlike the above, using the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Example 4, and in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, the discharge amount and the discharge pressure of the coating liquid are as low as possible. Then, spray coating was performed on the inorganic base film on the same substrate as that used in Example 11 and the solvent was dried at room temperature, followed by heat treatment at about 60 degrees for 30 minutes, An outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 14 was obtained.

(Example 15)

Further, unlike the above, using the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Example 5, in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, the discharge amount and the discharge pressure of the coating liquid as low as possible. Then, spray coating on the inorganic base film on the same base material as used in Example 11 and drying the solvent at room temperature were repeated 5 times, and then 30 times at about 60 degrees. By performing the heat treatment, an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 15 was obtained.

(Example 16)

In Example 15, the coating liquid was spray-coated on the same inorganic base film as that used in Example 11 with the discharge amount and discharge pressure as low as possible, and the solvent was removed at room temperature. An outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 16 was obtained in the same manner except that drying was repeated three times.

(Example 17)

In Example 15, the coating liquid was spray-coated on the same inorganic base film as that used in Example 11 with the discharge amount and discharge pressure as low as possible, and the solvent was removed at room temperature. An outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 16 was obtained in the same manner except that drying was repeated twice.

(Example 18)

The same coating liquid for forming a hydrophilic film as used in Example 9 was used as the coating liquid for forming a hydrophilic film, and the coating liquid was discharged in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, and the discharge amount and the discharging of the coating liquid were performed. The pressure was reduced as much as possible, spray-painted on the inorganic base film on the same substrate as that used in Example 11 and the solvent was dried at room temperature. A coated plate having a hydrophilic film formed on the outer surface by heat treatment was obtained. Next, the same coating liquid as that used in Example 9 was used as a coating liquid for forming a coating layer. The coating liquid is discharged in an atmosphere where the relative humidity of the layer forming coating liquid is about 10% or less.

The spray pressure was applied to the outer surface of the coated plate at the lowest possible pressure, and the solvent was dried at room temperature five times. After that, heat treatment was performed at about 60 ° C. for 30 minutes. An outdoor workpiece according to the present invention was obtained.

(Example 19)

Further, unlike the above, a coating liquid containing KBM-7103 (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) which is an alkylsilane as a main component is used as the coating liquid for forming the coating layer, and the coating liquid for forming the coating layer is mixed. The ratio is CF 3 C 2 H 4 S i (OCH 3) 3: ethyl alcohol [EtOH]: water [0.01N HN03] = 1: 150: after 8fij, stirring at room temperature for 5 hours, and coating This was used as a coating liquid for forming a layer. In an atmosphere with a relative humidity of about 10% or less, spray the coating solution onto the inorganic base film on the same substrate as used in Example 11 with the discharge amount and discharge pressure as low as possible. After coating and drying the solvent at room temperature, it was heat-treated at about 60 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention of Example 19.

(Comparative Example 1)

Aluminum two Umu s _e c- butoxy. De [and A 1 (O- sec- B u) 3 ] and isopropyl alcohol [I PA] After stirring for about 1 hour at room temperature, Aseto acetate Echiru [EA c Ac] and stirred for about 1 hour, then water [0.01N, HNO3] and isopropyl alcohol [IPA] were added, and the molar ratio of A1 (0-sec-Bu) 3 : I PA: EA c A c: 0.01 N, HNO 3 = 1: 30: 1: 2 ratio and stirred for about 5 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a transparent alumina film as an alumina sol solution .

Next, the same base material used in Example 1 was immersed in the adjusted coating solution for forming a transparent alumina film, and then pulled up at a speed of about 300 mm / min to form a coating film on the polycarbonate plate. did. After curing at room temperature for about 30 minutes, it was immersed in warm water of about 80 degrees for about 30 minutes, pulled up from the dipping tank, and dried at room temperature for about 60 minutes to obtain a polycarbonate plate with a transparent alumina thin film. Next, a fluorosilicone coating agent KP-801M (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was diluted to a solid content ratio of about 0.5% to obtain a coating liquid for forming a coating layer. Then, the polycarbonate plate with the transparent alumina thin film was sufficiently subjected to corona discharge treatment, and when the contact angle with water became about 3 degrees, the polycarbonate plate was immersed in a tank filled with the coating solution for forming a coating layer. After pulling up at 5 mm / min, drying at room temperature, and heat-treating at about 60 ° C. for about 30 minutes, a water-repellent coating was formed on the petal-shaped transparent alumina film to obtain an outdoor workpiece of Comparative Example 1.

(Comparative Example 2)

A fluorosilicone coating agent KP-801M (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was diluted to a solid content of about 0.5% to obtain a coating liquid for forming a coating layer. Then, the same substrate as used in Example 1 was immersed in a bath filled with the coating liquid for forming a coating layer, pulled up at a speed of about 5 mm, min, and dried at room temperature. Heat treatment was performed for about 30 minutes at a temperature to obtain an outdoor workpiece of Comparative Example 2.

(Comparative Example 3)

The base material is a glass plate of 100 mm x 100 mm and thickness of 1.5 mm, and the glass plate is sufficiently cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning before being immersed in a bath filled with the coating liquid for forming the coating layer. An outdoor workpiece of Comparative Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except for performing the above.

(Comparative Example 4)

As a coating liquid for forming a coating layer, 66 g of 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroacetone (C12 FCCC 1 F 2) is added to pitch fluoride (C 6 F 6) lg. In addition, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a coating liquid for forming a coating layer. Then, the same substrate as used in Example 1 was immersed in a tank filled with the coating liquid for forming a coating layer, pulled up at about I mmZ seconds, dried at room temperature, and dried at room temperature. I got

(Comparative Example 5)

Darafide fluoride powder having an unbound fluorine content of 3% by weight or less and an average particle size of 5 μm is mixed with acryl silicone to obtain a volume fraction of 60% after volatilization of volatile components. The solution was diluted with a suitable organic solvent by spraying to make the coating appropriate, and used as a coating solution for forming a coating layer. Then, the coating liquid for forming a coating layer was applied to the same substrate as that used in Example 1 by spraying, and dried at room temperature to obtain an outdoor workpiece of Comparative Example 5. (Comparative Example 6)

Example 11 The same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Comparative Example 2 was used in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less and the amount and pressure of the coating liquid discharged were made as low as possible. Spray coating on the same inorganic base film on the same base material as used in the above, drying the solvent at room temperature, and heat-treating at about 60 degrees for 30 minutes. Obtained.

(Comparative Example 7)

First, a 100 mm x 100 mm, 0.8 mm thick anoremi plate is treated with a mouth mate, and the outer surface of the plate is spray-coated with an epoxy resin primer and heated at about 150 degrees for 30 minutes. The base material is a urethane-coated aluminum plate that is cured, spray-coated with a urethane resin-based paint on the outer surface, and cured by heating at about 150 degrees for 30 minutes. Next, using the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as that used in Example 5, in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, the discharge amount and the discharge pressure of the coating liquid were made as low as possible. Spray coating on the substrate and drying the solvent at room temperature were repeated 5 times, and then heat-treated at about 60 degrees for 30 minutes to obtain an outdoor workpiece of Comparative Example 7.

(Comparative Example 8)

Example 11 The same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Comparative Example 4 was discharged onto the inorganic base film on the same base material used in Example 1 as low as possible. Then, the solvent was dried at room temperature to obtain an outdoor workpiece of Comparative Example 8.

(Comparative Example 9)

Example 11 The same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Comparative Example 5 was discharged onto the inorganic base film on the same base material as used in Example 1 as low as possible. Then, the solvent was dried at room temperature to obtain an outdoor workpiece of Comparative Example 9.

(Comparative Example 10)

On the inorganic base film on the same substrate as used in Example 11, the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Example 10 can be discharged at the same discharge amount and pressure. Spray coating was performed at a lower temperature, the solvent was dried at room temperature, and heat treatment was performed at about 100 ° C. for about 30 minutes to obtain an outdoor workpiece of Comparative Example 10.

(Comparative Example 11)

Example 15 was repeated in the same manner as in Example 15 except that spray coating was performed on the same inorganic base film as that used in Example 11 and the solvent was dried at room temperature only once. Thus, an outdoor workpiece of Comparative Example 11 was obtained.

(Comparative Example 1 2)

A 100 mm X 100 mm, 0.8 mm thick anoremi plate is chromated, the outer surface of which is spray-coated with an epoxy resin primer, and cured by heating at about 150 degrees for 30 minutes. Further, an urethane-coated aluminum plate spray-coated on its outer surface and heat-cured at about 150 ° C. for 30 minutes is used.

(Comparative Example 13)

A glass plate having a thickness of 1.5 mm and a thickness of 100 mm x 100 mm, which has not been subjected to any particular treatment, except that the outer surface is sufficiently cleaned with ultrasonic waves, is used.

First, the physical properties of the outer surface of each of the examples and comparative examples obtained above are measured.

The surface tension of the outer surface was determined by measuring the reagent wetting index of the outer surface of each outdoor workpiece in the atmosphere by the method described in JIS K 678. The surface tension is measured before and after the snow and ice test in Hokkaido.

Regarding the slipperiness, water drops are dropped on the outer surface of each outdoor workpiece, and after the water drops are stopped, the outdoor workpiece is gradually inclined, and the outer surface of the outdoor workpiece when the water drops start moving on the outer surface of the outdoor workpiece. The angle between the plane and the horizontal plane is measured and defined as the sliding angle. Observe the state of the water droplet moving on the outer surface of the outdoor workpiece, slide down when the water droplet moves while the part of the water droplet in contact with the outer surface of the coating layer is kept constant, and roll over the outer surface The case where water drops move is expressed as falling.

The advancing contact angle and receding contact angle are measured by recording the state of water droplets moving on the outer surface of an outdoor workpiece with a video camera, and observing the recorded image just before the water droplets start moving. In addition, the sliding speed is calculated by measuring the distance and time required for a water droplet to move between arbitrary points after moving out of the outer surface of the outdoor workpiece. For each of the examples and comparative examples obtained above, the load required for ice peeling or slipping was measured, and the state of ice peeling and slipping was confirmed. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of the test, and Fig. 2 shows its cross section. Place the outdoor workpiece 1 fixed on the horizontal test bench 3 in the constant temperature bath, place the fluororesin ring 2 on the outdoor workpiece 1, place the fluororesin ring 2 in the water, and remove the inside of the constant temperature bath. Cool 5 degrees and freeze ice 21 on outdoor work 1. After leaving it for a certain period of time, pull the ice 2 on the outdoor workpiece 1 together with the fluororesin ring 2 in the atmosphere of 15 degrees with the rope 4 1 in the direction parallel to the outer surface 4 with the rope 4 1 and observe the change in load You. Fig. 3 shows an example of the transition of the load.If the load 5 2 disappears at a stroke 51 when the icing begins, the destructive peeling 5 occurs, and the load 6 2 at the time 6 1 The load changes expressed as constant load non-breaking sliding 6 are also similar.

The maximum surface roughness was measured for each of the examples and comparative examples obtained above using a surface roughness measuring instrument.

The length of the water-repellent material having a linear structure in each of the examples and comparative examples obtained above is estimated from the molecular weight of the main component forming the coating layer in the coating liquid for forming the coating layer. .

For each of the examples and comparative examples obtained above, the molar ratio of the water-repellent substance was measured by an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (ESCA540, manufactured by ULVAC-FAI), and the repellency was determined based on the value. The area occupancy of the aqueous material was calculated, and the density of the water-repellent material having a linear structure fixed on the surface was determined as a ratio to the density at which the water-repellent material was saturated.

Next, the respective outdoor works of the example and the comparative example obtained above were installed at the same point in Hokkaido in winter and at the same time, and a snow / ice test was performed to confirm the actual degree of snow and ice. I have. Outdoor structures are installed so that their outer surfaces are perpendicular to the ground surface. The degree of snow and ice is represented by the rate of snow and ice, and the lower the numerical value, the better the difficulty in snow accretion. The rate of snow and ice is defined as the rate of snow and ice, where the time when snow and ice are observed is the time of snow and ice, and the time when precipitation such as snow and rain is observed is the total precipitation time. Time total (Water time) is calculated as X100, and it can be determined that the smaller the numerical value is, the more excellent the snow and ice resistance is. The total precipitation time for this installation is about 100 hours, most of which is due to snowfall. In addition, the surface tension after the snow accretion test was measured and compared with the surface tension before the test to confirm the durability of the snow and ice resistance.

With reference to Table 1, the measurement results and the ratio of snow and ice are shown for each of the examples and comparative examples in the first embodiment of the present invention.

【table 1】

In the above snow accretion test, if the snow accretion ratio is 10% or less, it can be evaluated as an excellent hard-to-be snow accretion / outdoor work, but in Table 1, the surface tension of the present invention is 35 dyne / The results show that the ratio of snow accretion is low for outdoor structures with an outer surface of less than 40 cm and a sliding angle of water droplets of less than 40 degrees. Therefore, it is shown that the outer surface of the coating layer having snow and ice properties in the present invention has excellent snow and ice properties and is excellent in the effect of preventing snow and ice.

Comparative Example 1 has a high level of water repellency, and at the beginning of the installation, it showed high snow and ice resistance, but snow and ice could be seen over time, and the final snow and ice rate was It is higher than any of the examples. As described above, it is indicated that the effect of preventing snow and ice cannot be maintained because a high level of water repellency is lost due to adhesion of contaminants or the like. In addition, since water droplets fall on the outer surface of the outdoor workpiece, it is clear that snow and ice cannot be expected after a high level of water repellency has been lost.

In Examples 1 to 19, which exhibited high snow resistance, the water droplets slide down on the outer surface of the outdoor workpiece, and all fall down from 30% to 60%. The rate of snow and ice accumulation. Comparative Example 5, which has a maximum surface roughness of 12 μm, has a high snow-ice ratio of 35%, and the outer surface of the coating layer has a maximum surface roughness of 10 jum or less, making snow-ice more excellent. It can be seen that the effect of preventing the occurrence of stagnation is exhibited. In Table 1, the evaluation test was performed with ice frozen at 15 degrees, but the results of the evaluation test are consistent with the icing and snow performance in the actual installation conditions, and the ambient temperature was reduced from 12 degrees to 1 degree. It can be seen that the effect of the coating layer on the prevention of snow and ice can be determined by the snow and ice properties of snow and ice frozen at 5 degrees, preferably 15 degrees.

In addition, for the sliding contact angle of 90 ° or more and the receding contact angle of 50 ° or more and the advancing contact angle of 90 ° or less, all of Examples 1 to 19 are included in this range, and the icing snow in the actual installation situation is included. Consistent with gender. In addition, the sliding speed of water droplets at 10 cm / min is also consistent with the icing and snow characteristics under actual installation conditions.

The length of the water-repellent material having a linear structure was 5 A or more in Examples 1 to 19, but Comparative Example 10 was 3 A and the snow / ice ratio was 15%. Although Comparative Example 10 is harder to snow than other Comparative Examples, each Example It is clear that the result is slightly higher than that of A, and it is understood that 5 A or more is preferable. ₍ Also, regarding the area occupancy of the water-repellent substance, Comparative Example 11 is 8%, and the surface tension is 39 dyne / cm. On the other hand, if the area occupancy of the water-repellent substance, that is, the ratio of the water-repellent substance having a linear structure to the fixed density at which it is saturated is less than 10%, the surface tension is not sufficiently reduced. The ratio of snow and ice is comparatively high at 15% in Comparative Example 11.

Comparative Example 7 was obtained by coating a coating layer having snow-snow and ice properties directly on a urethane resin-based coating, and although it initially exhibited the same degree of difficulty in snow and ice as in Example 5, it deteriorated quickly and eventually. The rate of snow and ice is rather high at 15%. The surface tension after 100 hours of snow accretion test increased from 20 dyne / cm before the test to 45 dyne Z cm. Noticeable.

In Examples 1 to 19, the surface tension after 100 hours of the snow and ice test was little changed from the initial one, and was slightly increased, due to adhesion of contaminants, deterioration of the coating layer, etc. It shows that the degree of decrease in snow and ice properties is small, and it is possible to maintain snow and ice resistance over a long period of time.

Next, snow accretion and ice accretion are checked by changing the angle of inclination of the snow and ice accretion member according to the present invention with respect to the horizontal plane, and a comparison is made with those on which no snow-and-ice accretion layer is formed.

It is well known that the greater the angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane, the better the snow-repellency is. The more the particles or those close to the shape are piled up on the horizontal surface, the stronger the bonding force between the particles. The angle between the ridge and the horizontal plane is called the angle of repose. In the case of snow, the angle of repose is known to be about 50 degrees at an outside air temperature of 13.5 ° C and about 55 degrees at 0 ° C.

Theoretically, it is possible to prevent snow and ice on an inclined surface by forming an inclined surface with an angle to the horizontal plane equivalent to the angle of repose, but in practice snow and ice hardly adhere to the inclined surface and it is difficult to peel off In order to prevent snow and ice, it is necessary to have an angle with the horizontal plane that is greater than the angle of repose. Since it is impossible to prevent this, there is an angle at which the effect of preventing snow and ice does not improve even if the angle of the inclined surface with the horizontal plane exceeds a certain level.

(Example 20)

As Example 20, a snow-snow and ice-like outdoor work similar to that of Example 13 was formed using an aluminum plate having a thickness of 3 mm and a thickness of 3 mm as a base material.

(Comparative Example 14)

As a comparative example 14, an anoremy plate having a thickness of 100 mm X 100 mm and a thickness of 3 mm was subjected to a chromate treatment.

Example 20 and Comparative Example 14 were installed at the same point in Hokkaido in winter and at the same time, and a snow ice test was performed to confirm the actual degree of snow and ice. In Example 20 and Comparative Example 14, different members were installed by changing the angle of the outer surface with the horizontal plane. The degree of snow and ice is represented by the rate of snow and ice, and the lower the numerical value, the better the difficulty in snow accretion. The rate of snow and ice is calculated in the same manner as above.

Table 2 shows the snow / ice ratio at the angle of each inclined surface of Example 20 and Comparative Example 14 to the horizontal plane.

[Table 2]

In Comparative Example 14, the angle of the inclined surface to the horizontal plane was 70 degrees, and the rate of snow and ice was constant at slightly less than 40% .In Example 20, however, the rate of snow and ice was 40 at an angle of 20 degrees. %, Which is equivalent to the snow / ice rate at 70 ° in Comparative Example 14 at an angle of 30 °. Therefore, in Example 20, good snow and ice properties were exhibited on a slope of about 20 degrees, and in Comparative Example 14, the difficulty in snow accretion obtained on a slope of 70 degrees was equivalent to that on a slope of 30 degrees. You can see that the effect is obtained.

Next, for Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and 1.3, the measurement results of the surface tension after the accelerated weathering test of 1 000 hours and after the irradiation of 560M J / m2UV in the outdoor condensing accelerated exposure test are shown. See Figure 3.

[Table 3]

Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and 13 are outdoor works having a snow-and-ice coating, and can be regarded as snow-and-ice coatings. Regarding the snow-and-ice coatings of Examples 1 to 10, the surface tension of the outer surface was 35 dyne even after 1 000 hours of accelerated weathering test and 56 OM jZm2 UV irradiation in accelerated outdoor exposure test. / cm, and can be evaluated as having good snow and ice durability.

[Second embodiment]

(Example 21) Example 11 Except that the plasma discharge treatment was performed on the inorganic base film of the base material, activated so that the wettability to water was about 2 degrees, and then the coating liquid for forming the coating layer was spray-coated. In the same manner as in the above, a coating according to the present invention of Example 21 was obtained.

(Example 22)

Unlike Example 21, the coating according to the present invention of Example 22 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 11, except that the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Example 2 was used. Obtained.

(Example 23)

Example 13 A plasma discharge treatment was performed on the inorganic base film of the base material, activated so that the wettability to water was about 2 degrees, and then the coating liquid for forming the coating layer was spray-coated. In the same manner as in the above, a coating material according to the present invention of Example 23 was obtained.

(Example 24)

Example 14 A plasma discharge treatment was performed on the inorganic base film of the base material, activated so that the wettability to water was about 2 degrees, and then the coating liquid for forming the coating layer was spray-coated. In the same manner as in the above, a coating according to the present invention of Example 24 was obtained.

(Example 25)

Example 16 A plasma discharge treatment was performed on the inorganic base film of the base material to activate it so that the wettability to water was about 2 degrees, and then spray-coated the coating liquid for forming the coating layer. In the same manner as in the above, a coating according to the present invention of Example 25 was obtained.

(Example 26)

The same as Example 25 except that the coating liquid for forming the coating layer was spray-coated on the inorganic base film with the discharge amount and discharge pressure as low as possible and the solvent was dried at room temperature twice. As a result, a coated article according to the present invention of Example 26 was obtained.

(Example 27) Example 25 is the same as in Example 25 except that the coating liquid for forming the coating layer is spray-coated on the inorganic base film with the discharge amount and the discharge pressure as low as possible, and the solvent is dried at room temperature. As a result, a coated product according to the present invention of Example 27 was obtained.

(Example 28)

Example 18 Except that a plasma discharge treatment was performed on the inorganic base film of the base material, activated so that the wettability to water was about 2 degrees, and then the coating liquid for forming the coating layer was spray-coated. In the same manner as in the above, a coating material according to the present invention of Example 28 was obtained.

(Example 29)

The coating liquid for forming the coating layer shown in Example 10 was used in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of about 10% or less, and the discharge amount and the discharge pressure of the coating liquid were made as low as possible. Similar to the substrate shown, plasma discharge treatment was applied to the inorganic base film, and the substrate was activated so that its wettability to water was about 2 degrees. Heat treatment was performed at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a coating of Example 29 according to the present invention.

(Example 30)

Example 19 except that a plasma discharge treatment was performed on the inorganic base film of the base material, activated so that the wettability to water was about 2 degrees, and then a coating liquid for forming a coating layer was spray-coated. In the same manner as in the above, a coating according to the present invention of Example 30 was obtained.

First, for each of the examples obtained above, the physical properties of the outer surface are measured by the same method as that described in the first embodiment. In addition, a snow ice test was conducted at the same location and at the same time in Hokkaido to confirm the actual degree of snow and ice by using the same method as described in the first embodiment. The surface tension of the outer surface after installation outdoors has been measured, and the durability of snow and ice has been confirmed. With reference to Table 4, the measurement results and the snow / ice ratio for each example in the second embodiment of the present invention are shown. [Table 4]

Example 2: Regarding any of the snow-ice and ice-based coatings of! To 30, although there is not much difference from those shown in Examples 1 to 19, it can be evaluated that good snow-ice and ice properties are obtained in the initial stage. . In addition, after 36 months of outdoor installation, since the surface tension of any of Examples 21 to 30 was less than 35 dyne / cm, the surface tension was reduced on the inorganic base film treated by plasma discharge. It has been shown that the formed snow-ice-like coating layer is capable of maintaining high snow-ice-ice properties even during initial performance and long-term use.

[Third Embodiment] (Example 31)

A polyethylene terephthalate film coated with a silicon-based base film having a thickness of Ι Ο Ομπι is sufficiently subjected to corona discharge treatment to make the outer surface in an activated state to be used as a base material. Next, the substrate was dip-coated with an applicator roll using the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as used in Example 1, and then heat-treated at about 120 ° C. for 1 minute. 31 coatings according to the invention were obtained.

(Example 32)

A coated product according to the present invention of Example 32 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 31 except that the same coating solution as that used in Example 2 was used as the coating solution for forming the coating layer.

(Example 33)

The same substrate as that used in Example 31 was used, and the coating solution for forming a coating layer was coated by a dip coating method, followed by heat treatment at room temperature without drying the solvent for about 120. A coating according to the present invention of Example 33 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 1 minute.

(Example 34)

Using the same base material as that used in Example 31 and applying the coating solution for forming the coating layer by dip coating, heat treatment was performed at room temperature without drying the solvent for about 1 2. A coated product according to the present invention of Example 34 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the heat treatment was performed at 0 ° C. for 1 minute.

(Example 35)

Example 5 was repeated except that the same substrate as that used in Example 31 was used as the substrate, and after the coating, heat treatment was performed at room temperature at about 120 ° C. for 1 minute without drying the solvent. In the same manner as in the above, a coating according to the present invention of Example 35 was obtained.

(Example 36)

A coated product according to the present invention of Example 36 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 35 except that the substrate was immersed in a bath filled with the coating solution for forming a coating layer for about 20 minutes.

(Example 37)

Except for immersing the substrate in the tank filled with the coating liquid for forming the coating layer for about 10 minutes, In the same manner as in Example 35, the coating of Example 37 according to the present invention was obtained.

(Example 38)

Using the same base material as that used in Example 31 and applying a coating solution for forming a hydrophilic film by dip coating, heat treatment was performed at room temperature without drying the solvent for about 1 2. Heat treatment at 0 ° C for 1 minute, and then apply the coating solution for coating layer formation by dip coating, and then heat-treat at room temperature at about 120 ° C for 1 minute without drying the solvent at room temperature. In the same manner as in Example 9, the coating of Example 38 according to the present invention was obtained.

(Example 3 9)

The same substrate as that used in Example 31 was used, and the coating solution for forming a coating layer was coated by a dip coating method, followed by heat treatment at room temperature without drying the solvent for about 120. A coating according to the present invention of Example 39 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10, except that the heat treatment was carried out at a temperature of 1 minute.

(Comparative Example 15)

The same substrate as that used in Example 31 was used as a substrate, and a coating solution for forming a transparent alumina film was coated with an applicator roller at a speed of about 300 mm / min by a dip coating method, The coating liquid for forming the coating layer is coated by an applicator roller at a speed of about 300 mZ by a dip coating method, and then heat-treated at room temperature without drying the solvent at about 120 ° C. The coating of Comparative Example 15 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the heat treatment was performed for 1 minute.

(Comparative Example 16)

Using the same base material as that used in Example 31 and coating the coating liquid for forming a coating layer with an applicator roller at a speed of about 300 mmZ by a dip coating method, A coating of Comparative Example 16 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that the heat treatment was performed at about 120 ° C. for 5 minutes without drying the solvent at room temperature.

(Comparative Example 16)

Using the same base material as that used in Example 31, a coating liquid for forming a coating layer Of Comparative Example 16 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4 except that was pulled up with an applicator roller at a speed of about 1 mZ.

(Comparative Example 17)

A coating of Comparative Example 16 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 5, except that the same substrate as that used in Example 31 was used.

(Comparative Example 18)

Comparative Example 7 except that the same base material as used in Example 31 was used, and after coating, heat treatment was performed at room temperature at about 120 ° C. for 1 minute without drying the solvent. In the same manner as in the above, a coating of Comparative Example 18 was obtained.

(Comparative Example 19)

Spray-coat the coating liquid for forming the coating layer on a substrate in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of about 10% or less and with the discharge amount and discharge pressure of the coating liquid as low as possible, and dry the solvent at room temperature. The coating of Comparative Example 19 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the coating was performed only once.

First, for each of the examples and comparative examples obtained above, the physical properties of the outer surface and the actual degree of snow and ice were measured in the same manner as described in the first embodiment, and see Table 5. Next, the measurement results and the ratio of snow and ice are shown for each of the example and the comparative example in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[Table 5

In Examples 31 to 39, the outer surface had a surface tension of 35 dyne / cm or less, the sliding angle of water droplets was 40 degrees or less, and the snow / ice ratio in actual installation was less than 10%. Therefore, even when a film made of polyethylene terephthalate, which is a flexible synthetic resin, is used as a base material, the formed snow-ice-ice coating layer has good snow-ice performance. Can be evaluated. By using such a flexible synthetic resin as an intermediate material and attaching a snow-and-ice covering layer formed on the outer surface to the target object by sticking, bonding, fastening, etc., the snow-and-ice covering object can be easily obtained. Can be formed.

Regarding Comparative Example 15, despite the use of the same coating liquid for forming a coating layer as in Example 35, the area occupancy of the water-repellent substance was 8% due to coating by the spray method, and Snow and ice properties are inferior to those in the examples. Therefore, it can be seen that the dip coating method can be suitably used as the coating method, and that in order to obtain good snow and ice properties by performing the coating method by the spray method, it is sure to perform the recoating.

[Fourth embodiment]

(Example 40)

After the coating liquid for forming the coating layer is flow-coated on the inorganic base film, the residual pressure is applied to the residual friction while applying a pressure of about 2 kg / cm2 with a clean cloth attached to the electric friction vibrator in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of about 10%. Example 40 was repeated, except that the coating liquid for forming the coating layer was removed, to obtain a snow-ice-ice coating of Example 40 according to the present invention.

(Example 4 1)

After the coating liquid for forming the coating layer is flow-coated on the inorganic base film, the residual pressure is applied to the residual friction while applying a pressure of about 2 kg / cm2 with a clean cloth attached to the electric friction vibrator in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of about 10%. Example 41 was repeated, except that the coating liquid for forming a coating layer was removed, to obtain an aqueous snow sliding coating of Example 41 according to the present invention.

(Example 4 2)

After flow coating the coating liquid for forming the coating layer on the inorganic base film, the relative humidity In the same manner as in Example 13 except that the remaining coating liquid for forming the coating layer is removed while applying a pressure of about 2 kg / cm2 with a clean waste cloth attached to the electric friction vibration device in an atmosphere of about 10%. Example 42 A snow-and-ice coating of the present invention according to Example 22 was obtained.

(Example 4 3)

After flow-coating the coating solution for forming the coating layer on the inorganic base film, the remaining pressure is applied to the residual friction while applying a pressure of about 2 kg / cm2 with a clean cloth attached to the electric friction vibrator in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of about 10%. Example 43 was repeated to remove the coating liquid for forming a coating layer of Example 43, to obtain a snow-ice-ice coating of Example 43 according to the present invention.

With respect to Examples 40 to 43 obtained above, physical properties of the outer surface, snow accretion test at the same point in Hokkaido and at the same time in the same manner as those described in the second embodiment Measure the surface tension of the outer surface after being installed outdoors for 36 months. Table 6 shows the measurement results.

[Table 6]

In all of Examples 40 to 43, the surface tension is 35 dyne / cm at the initial stage, the slippage angle is much lower than 40 degrees, and the snow and ice coverage is also 2 to 3%, which is excellent. It can be evaluated as having snow and ice properties. Even after the installation for 36 months, the surface tension of the outer surface is still lower than SS dyne / cm, and the coating obtained by the method for manufacturing a snow-ice coating according to the present invention is an initial snow-ice coating. In addition to its properties, it can be evaluated as having excellent snow and ice resistance. Next, an embodiment of an outdoor workpiece according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the snow cover according to the present invention. As shown in a), a snow cover 2A, which is a snow-snow body, is provided on a housing 1A, which is an outdoor work, and a base 2A as shown in b) is provided on the outer surface of the snow cover 2A. 1 is provided with a coating layer H having snow and ice properties. The snow that should be piled up on the housing 1A during snowfall adheres to the snow cover 2A, but before it becomes a snow mass due to the snow-snow-ice coating layer H provided on the outer edge of the snow cover 2A. It will not slide down and snow on 1A. The angle of the slope of the snow cover 2A is much smaller than 55 to 60 degrees, which is called the angle of repose of snow and can be expected to slide down. Since the effect of preventing snow and ice can be obtained, the snow cover 2A can be made relatively small, the material for forming the snow cover 2A can be saved, and the snow cover 2A can be used. By reducing the wind load to be received, there is an effect that the snow cover 2A can be installed even if the housing 1A is not robust. In addition, the snow cover 2A makes the snow cover near the apex of the snow cover 2A unstable by making the slope angle and the inclination angle of] 3 different, making snow and ice more easily slip down. ing. The housing 1A shown in the present embodiment is replaced with any outdoor work where snow and ice are conceivable. By making the slope such as the body 2A, it is possible to prevent snow cover, snow cover and formation of a snow eave on all outdoor structures.

Further, the coating layer H may be provided on the base material with the intermediate material 3 interposed therebetween as shown in FIG. A snow-snow-ice material 30 is provided on the base 2 A 1, an intermediate material 3 is provided on the snow-snow ice material 30, and a snow-snow-ice coating layer is provided on the intermediate material 3 via an inorganic base film B. H is provided. The intermediate material 3 allows the inorganic base film B to be formed on the intermediate material 3 even if the outer surface of the base 2 A 1 is in a state where it is difficult to form the inorganic base film B due to material, contamination, or the like. The formation of the snow-ice and ice-like covering layer H can be achieved by providing the coating layer H. In addition, since the inorganic base film B and the snow-and-ice-like covering layer H do not hinder the transmission of visible light, various designs, By giving the colors, etc., various designs, colors, and the like can be provided to the snow-covering prevention body 2A. The material for forming the intermediate material 3 is not particularly limited, but PET, a synthetic resin such as 可能な Β 可能な, etc., on which the inorganic base film B can be formed, or a glass functioning as the inorganic base film is used. Is preferred.

Furthermore, if the intermediate material 3 is made of a synthetic resin that transmits visible light, the snow-ice-ice coating layer H can be used without impairing the design, color, gloss, display content, etc. applied to the outer surface of the base 2A1. Can be formed. In addition, if the intermediate material 3 has flexibility, a snow-and-ice-like covering layer can be easily formed by attaching the snow-and-ice-like material 30 so as to follow the base material of various shapes. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the snow-snow ice material 30 can be attached while being bent, and even if the snow-snow ice material 30 is small in thickness, the outer surface of the snow cover 2A and the snow-snow The mounting can be performed without leaving air bubbles between the conductive material 30 and the conductive material 30. In addition, it is easy to facilitate the storage, for example, by making the snow and ice material 30 into a roll shape.

For attachment of the snow-sliding and ice material 30, welding, an adhesive or the like may be used. However, it is preferable to use an adhesive material or an adhesive material since the labor involved in the attachment can be reduced. The synthetic resin that transmits visible light of the intermediate material 3 includes polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polyethylene naphthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyamide, polyurethane, polymethacrylate, polypropylene, and acrylic. Synthetic resins such as resin, polyvinyl chloride, and ABS may be used. They may be used alone, or may be used as a mixture or a laminate by using a plurality of them. Further, as the intermediate member 3 having flexibility, it is easy to form a snow-snow-ice coating layer by attaching the intermediate member 3 on a shaped base material.

In order to provide the intermediate material 3 with flexibility, the intermediate material may be formed using a flexible resin such as a rubber or an elastomer that transmits visible light, and furthermore, the synthetic resin described in the preceding section may be used. A film having a flexibility of about 0.01 mm to 2.0 mm may be used.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show an outdoor work according to the present invention, which shows a snow-snow body provided at a tunnel entrance. Fig. 7 is a front view of the tunnel opening. A snow ice body 2 B is provided on the tunnel 1B. Fig. 8 is a side view.The snow-covered snow-sliding body 2B provided above the tunnel well 1B prevents the formation of snow clumps and cornices, and the snow falling on the passing vehicle C. Collisions can be prevented beforehand.

Conventionally, as shown in Fig. 9, a snow protection fence F was installed above the tunnel hole B 1B to prevent the snow S 1 from sliding down from the mountain M side. However, the snow S blown up by the wind W from the mountain M side becomes a spiral wind W 1 near the snow protection fence F, and the snow eaves S 3 may be formed on the tunnel hole B 1 B side of the snow protection fence F. is there. When the snow eaves S3 grew to a certain size, they suddenly dropped and hit the pedestrians and the traveling vehicle C near the tunnel hole B 1B directly. The damage caused by the fall of the cornice S3 was considered to be fatal, and there was a need for a reliable prevention method.

As a method for preventing such snow eaves, a large number of inventions have been disclosed, such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-47409 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-18133. However, all of the inventions described in these patents were to prevent the generation of the vortex wind W1 or to remove attached snow using wind pressure from the wind from the mountain M side. However, in the method of controlling the wind direction to prevent the occurrence of the snow eaves, the structure tends to be complicated, and furthermore, the means for controlling the wind direction by the pressure of the snow is deformed or broken, or the wind direction is reduced. There is a danger of snow eaves occurring due to changes, or if the intended wind pressure cannot be obtained, the snow cannot be wiped off, making it difficult to reliably prevent the occurrence of snow eaves for these reasons. The outdoor work according to the present invention, which forms a snow-and-ice coating layer on the outer edge formed as a slope, slides down attached snow and ice, and is a complicated structure for controlling the wind direction. Requires no structure. In addition, since the effect of preventing the snow eaves can be obtained only by maintaining the slope, the effect of preventing the snow eaves from being deformed or damaged by the pressure of the snow is not lost, and the occurrence of the snow eaves can be reliably prevented. It is a thing.

Figure 10 shows another implementation of the snow ice body 2B installed above the tunnel hole 1B. It is a perspective view which shows a form. A right-angled triangle angle material 2 B 2 is fixed above the tunnel hole 1 B by fastening means 2 B 3 such as anchor bolts, and a snow-ice-ice coating layer is formed on the outer surface on the oblique side of the angle material 2 B 2. An inclined surface 2 B 1 provided with is attached to form a snow gliding body 2 B. By installing one or more of such snow-sliding bodies 2 B at a location where a snow eaves may be generated, snow and ice attached to the slope 2 B 1 can be removed from the snow-slide formed on the outer surface of the slope 2 B 1. The icy coating slides down before growing on the cornice.

FIG. 11 shows still another embodiment of a snow-snow body 2B provided above a tunnel hole B 1B, wherein a) is a perspective view and b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA. The snow ice body 2B has a side plate 2B4 on both sides of the inclined surface 2B1 and a rear plate 2B5 behind the inclined surface 2B1 to form a box-shaped body having a triangular cross section. Furthermore, the fixing plate 2B6 provided on the side plate 2B4 is installed on the tunnel hole 1B using anchor bolts or the like. This structure improves the strength of the snow gliding body 2 B as a structural body, and is installed without using the columns 2 B 3 etc. as shown in Fig. 10 to prevent deformation and displacement due to the pressure of snow, etc. can do. The rear plate 2B5 can also function as a snow stopper for preventing snow from falling down to the tunnel hole B 1B side.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a snow-sliding ice body for preventing snow cover on the central partition wall. In the conventional median strip wall, the upper surface is often relatively flat, and the snow-covered mass of snow grows on the upper surface and falls in either direction. Traffic blockage. Of the conventional methods for preventing snow cover, the method of controlling the wind direction to prevent snow cover is sufficient because the wind direction received by the snow cover prevention means is not constant due to the running wind of vehicles running on traffic routes. It is difficult to obtain a snow-prevention effect, and the method of providing a member with a slope with a steep angle of 55 degrees or more on the wall railing increases the wind pressure received by the member, and the member that comes off due to the received wind pressure becomes a vehicle There was a risk of hitting the installation was hesitant.

Accordingly, as in the embodiment shown in this figure, the snow-sliding ice body 2C on which the snow-snow-and-ice covering layer according to the present invention is formed is attached to a central separation strip wall sandwiched between roads 1C1 and 1C2. Providing a location above 1C can prevent snow cover and block traffic. In addition, the snow-snow-ice coating layer provides an effect of preventing snow-covering even when the wind direction is not constant, and allows the slope to be gently sloped. Can be made extremely small. The snow-sliding ice body 2 C is shown in a) .The one-sided inclined surface 2 C 1 formed by bending a flat plate as shown in a) is attached to the center partition strip rail 1 C with fastening means 2 C 4 such as anchor bolts. Alternatively, a slope may be provided as shown in the cross-sectional view of b) so that the snow slides down only on one side, and a snow splitting section 2C2 as shown in c) is provided to remove the snow. It may be easy to slide down.

Fig. 13 shows another embodiment of the sloped snow ice body 2C installed on the median strip wall 1C, wherein a) is a perspective view and b) is a cross-sectional view related to mounting. . a) As shown in (a), the icy snow body 2 C on the sloping surface is composed of the sloping surface 2 C 1, the snow part 2 C 2, and the mounting part 2 C 3, and the snow-ice-ice covering layer is formed on the sloping surface 2 C 1. Although it is formed, it may be formed also on the snow splitting portion 2C2 and the mounting portion 2C3, which are substantially vertical surfaces, to prevent the formation of the snow eaves. The snow on the sloping snow body 2 C is divided by the snow part 2 C 2, making it easier to slide down. The slope 2C1 has a gentle slope due to the formation of a snow-snow-ice coating layer, and the slope-snow ice body from the upper surface 1C3 of the median strip railing 1C. The degree of protrusion of 2 C is reduced, and the wind pressure applied to the sloping snow body 2 C is reduced. An example of the installation of the sloping ice body 2C in the previous section is shown in b) .The sloping ice body 2C is divided into members 2Ca and 2Cb, and the member 2Ca is The mounting part 2 C 3 is attached to the mounting hole 1 C 4 in the center partition strip, and the snow part 2 C 2 is attached to the member 2 C b by the fastening means 2 C 4 Attached to 2. By adopting such a structure, the strength of the sloping snow body 2 C is increased, and the structure is firmly fixed to the wall rail 1 C.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 12 and Fig. 13, the snow gliding body 2C provided on the median strip wall rail 1C is not only on the median strip wall rail 1C but also on the margins of viaducts, expressways, etc. It may be installed above outdoor structures, such as wall railings, relatively thick protective fences, railings, soundproof walls, etc., to prevent snow cover. FIG. 14 shows a soundproof wall according to the present invention provided on a soundproof wall. In the conventional soundproof wall 1D, when snowfall occurs, snow covers the upper surface 1D1 and a large mass of snow falls on the roadway 1D2 to collide with a vehicle or block a traffic path, or It could fall to the opposite side of D2 and fall to a private house, causing damage. .Even when a shelter was provided on the soundproofing wall 1D, snow covering the top of the shelter was not covered with snow and ice. As described above, the conventional method of preventing snow cover does not provide a reliable snow cover prevention effect, and furthermore, the upper end of the soundproof wall has a small space, and it is difficult to install a snow cover prevention means having a complicated structure. Was. Therefore, on the soundproof wall 1D1 provided on the side edge of the road 1D2, by installing the soundproof wall cover 2D which is an outdoor work provided with a snow-and-ice coating layer on the outer edge according to the present invention. However, it is possible to prevent snow cover on the upper surface 1D1 of the soundproof wall 1D, and to prevent the traffic path from being blocked as described above, falling of a lump of snow to the private house side, and the like.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the soundproof wall cover 2D according to the present invention. The soundproof wall cover 2D has an inclined surface 2D1 provided with a snow-sliding and ice-like covering layer on the outer edge, and the inclined surface 2D1 prevents snow cover on the upper surface 1D2 of the soundproof wall 1D. You. The slope 2D 1 is preferably provided toward the road side, but may be directed to the opposite side of the road depending on the situation. May be provided. The snow-snow-ice coating layer may be provided on the outer edge of the slope 2D1, but may be provided on the outer edge of the vertical surface 2D3 on the road side or the vertical surface 2D2 on the opposite side of the road. May be prevented. The soundproof wall cap 2D shown in the present embodiment has only a sloped surface as compared with that shown in FIG. 14, so that the cap frame 2D used when attaching a conventional cap is used. 4 can be used as it is, and it is also possible to easily remove the existing cap and replace it with the soundproof wall cap 2D according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 shows a signature according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the conventional sign, snow is attached to the sign, the snow eaves are formed on the eave above the sign, and the sign is difficult to see, and the sign is attached to the eave above the head of the person watching the sign. Problems such as falling snow clumps occurred. The sign is where people gather Since the design is important in places where there are many people and the design is regarded as important, it is necessary to provide steep angles or install devices to control the wind direction to prevent snow cover, and to impair the design. Was hesitant to the installer. The snow and ice coating layer according to the present invention is formed on the outer edges of the sign 1E and the eaves 1E2 of the sign 1E, which is an outdoor work, so that snow and ice can be prevented. Can be solved without impairing the above. Further, a member 1 E3 having a gentle inclination, which could not be provided conventionally by snow covering, can be provided, and the function as a sign can be expanded. In addition, the pillar 1 E 4 on which the marking portion 1 E 1 ゃ member 1 E 3 is attached is likely to have snow cover on its upper surface. Therefore, an anti-snow cover plate 2 E having an inclined surface is provided above the pillar. Is preferred.

FIG. 17 shows a mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a) is a front view and b) is a side view. In the past, there were problems such as snow falling on the reflecting surface of the mirror or snow covering the eaves, even if the eaves were attached, to form the snow eaves, making it difficult to see the reflecting surface. As a method of preventing snow accumulation and snow cover, conventional methods cannot reliably prevent snow cover and snow cover, and in addition to the steep slopes, the pillars 1 F 3 of the mirror 1 F and the mounting section 1 F There is a risk that the load on 4 will increase, and there will be a risk of damage due to wind pressure and vibration, and the method of controlling the wind direction may narrow the viewing angle of the reflecting surface 1F1. By providing the outer surface of the reflecting surface 1F1 and the eaves 1F2 of the mirror 1F with a snow-sliding and ice-like coating layer, it is possible to prevent snow covering and snow accretion without causing the above-mentioned problems. . Also, as with the sign 1E, the mirror 1F is preferably provided with a snow cover plate 2F for preventing snow cover on the support 1F 3 and the mounting portion 1F4.

FIG. 18 shows a truss bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. The truss bridge forms a truss by combining steel frames above the road R. In the conventional truss bridge, the snow accumulated on the truss does not easily slide down, so At the intersection, the snow grew into a large lump of snow, which fell on the road below and collided with pedestrians and vehicles in some cases. A snow slide with a snow-covered ice layer on the outer edge above the entrance of the truss bridge 1G An ice body 2 G a and a snow gliding body 2 Gb, 2 Gc, 2 Gd are also provided at the intersection of the truss 1 G 1 to suppress snow cover, and the snow on the road R as described above is reduced. It is possible to prevent the lump from falling.

FIGS. 19 to 24 show a road sign board according to an embodiment of the present invention. First, in FIG. 19, the signboard 1H and the snow-prevention plate 2H, which is a snow-sliding body provided above the signboard 1H, are provided with a snow-snow-ice coating layer according to the present invention, so that the sign is attached by snow and ice. This makes it difficult to see the sign information on the board 1H and prevents the formation of snow clumps on the snow cover 2H. In addition, a snow split plate 2H1 is provided on the snow cover 2H to separate the snow cover due to the sedimentation of the snow and to promote more snow and ice.

FIG. 20 is a side view of a conventional snow cover having the shape shown in FIG. The signboard 1H is fixed to the cross beam at an angle slightly inclined from the vertical to the front, and a snow cover is provided above the signboard. The slope formed by the snow cover 2H has a so-called one-sided flow structure in which the angle is different between the front side and the back side to make the snow cover unstable and promote the fall, so that the snow is easily dropped. The slope that forms the snow cover 2H is usually formed at 60 degrees or more, which is larger than the angle of repose of snow, but even at 60 degrees or more, when there is a large amount of snowfall or when the outside air temperature is low In such a case, the snow cover S1 does not fall completely but freezes on the outer surface of the snow cover 2H to form a large snow mass S2. Further, snow canopy S3 is generated from snow on the signage surface of signboard 1H, and snow cover on snowfall prevention plate 2H on signage surface of signboard 1H, which grows. As a result, as described above, the sudden collapse of the snow eaves S3 may cause damage to vehicles traveling below, and may also make the sign information on the sign 1H invisible.

FIG. 21 shows the rear side of FIG. Conventionally, such a snow cover 2H has a complicated structure, and the slope formed by the snow cover 2H projecting above the sign 1H, in addition to its own weight, is formed. It is necessary to consider the increase in wind load due to the wind, and this will increase the weight of the foundations, columns 1 HI and cross beams 1 H 2, so the existing ones will have to reduce the strength of the foundations, columns and cross beams. In some cases, it was not possible to retrofit a sign board that could not afford that much. Fig. 22 shows an embodiment of an improvement of the snow cover according to the present invention. The snow cover 2 Ha is a single flat plate, and the slope is higher than the sign 1H. It does not protrude, preventing an increase in weight due to wind load. Conventionally, the cross beam 1H2 becomes an obstacle and the inclined surface can be formed at an angle of 60 degrees or more.A simplified shape of the snow cover 2Ha is effective in preventing snow accumulation. It was impossible. By providing a coating layer having snow and ice properties on the outer surface of the snow cover 2Ha, even if the inclination angle is reduced, the function as the snow cover will not be impaired.

FIG. 23 shows an example of an improvement of the snow cover 2 Ha shown in FIG. 22, wherein a flexible planar member 24 is attached to the lower end of the snow cover 2 Ha. It is a side view. The snow-covered flexible member 2 H a 1 on the snow cover 2 H a on the snow cover 2 H a does not deflect the flexible planar member 2 H a 1 downward due to its own weight. However, an increase in the inclination angle of that part triggers the snow S1 to slide down. Also, the snow cover S1 that has started to slide down pulls the upper snow cover S1, thereby promoting the sliding down of the entire snow cover S1 on the snow cover 2Ha.

It is preferable that the flexible planar member 2 Ha 1 be more flexible than the snow cover 2 Ha, and the material is not particularly limited. The material and thickness may be appropriately set. Since the snow cover 2Ha is usually made of metal, it is preferable to use a synthetic resin or the like that has higher flexibility than metal and high durability against repeated loads. . It is also preferable to form a snow-snow-ice coating layer on the outer surface of the flexible planar member 2Ha1.

FIG. 24 shows an embodiment of a road sign board according to the present invention, in which snow cover prevention boards 2 II and 2 12 are provided on a cross beam 1 I 1 supporting the sign board 1 I. By providing a snow-snow-ice coating layer on the outer surface of the signboard 1 I, visibility of the signage surface can be prevented, but large snow clumps may be generated by snow accumulation on the cross beam 1 I1 . The snow cover 2H and 2Ha as shown in Fig. 13 and Fig. 15 can prevent snowfall from above from accumulating on the cross beam 1 I1, but when snow is sprayed from the side or back There is a risk of snow on the cross beam 1 I 1 The snow cover on the cross beam 1 I 1 can be prevented by providing the snow covering prevention plates 2 1 1 and 2 1 2.

FIGS. 25 to 26 show an embodiment of the self-luminous body according to the present invention. FIG. 25 is a self-luminous road sign, a) is a perspective view thereof, and b) is a side view. In this embodiment, the self-luminous road sign 1Ja is provided with a transparent plate 1Ja2 on the front surface of the self-luminous body 1Ja1, and a coating having snow and ice properties on the outer surface of the transparent plate 1Ja2. The layer prevents snow and ice from accumulating and ensures the visibility of the self-luminous body 1Ja1. Further, in order to prevent the formation of the snow eaves, the roof portion 1Ja3 may be provided with a coating layer having snow-snow and ice properties. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a snow cover 2Ja in order to prevent snow cover on the support 1Ja4 and the mounting bracket 1Ja5. FIG. 26 shows a self-luminous road ある which is a self-luminous body according to the present invention. The self-luminous road 铤 1 Jb is a transparent plate on the front of the self-luminous body 1 Jb1 and the reflector 1 Jb2. 1 Jb 3 is provided, and the outer surface of the transparent plate 1 Jb 3 is provided with a snow-snow-ice coating layer to prevent snow and ice and secure the visibility of the self-luminous body 1 J a 1 There. Further, in the present embodiment, the solar cell 1 Jb4 is provided. However, a coating layer having snow-snow and ice properties may be provided on the outer surface of the solar cell 1 Jb 4 to prevent a decrease in power generation efficiency due to snow accretion. Les ,.

FIG. 27 shows a shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention. The outer layer of the shelter 1K roof 1K1 is provided with a snow-snow-ice coating layer to prevent snow accumulation by sliding down snow and ice, and the shelter 1K roof 1K1 and supports 1K by the snow load. 3 prevents deformation and other problems. The outer surface of the wall 1K2 may also be provided with a snow-snow-ice coating layer. If the wall 1K2 is made of a translucent material, it prevents snow accumulation and prevents Brightness can be maintained.

FIG. 28 shows a bicycle storage space according to an embodiment of the present invention. A snow-covered layer is provided on the outer surface of the roof 1L1 of the bicycle storage area 1L, and the snow load can be significantly reduced by sliding snow and ice down. Can be prevented. The 1 L bicycle storage area is usually supported on the roof 1 L 1 by the pillar 1 L 2 on one side only and the beam 1 L 4 connected to it. When designed in consideration of the snow load, it is necessary to increase the strength of the beam 1 L 4 and the connection 1 L 5 between the column 1 L 2 and the beam 1 L 4. Therefore, the benefits obtained by reducing the snow load can be greater than those of shelters. Similarly to the shelter, the outer surface of the wall 1L3 may be provided with a snow-sliding and ice-based coating layer, and when the wall 1L3 is formed of a translucent material to prevent snow accumulation, the bicycle You can secure the visibility and brightness within 1 L of the storage area.

FIG. 29 shows a conventional illumination lamp, in which a) is a perspective view of the illumination lamp, and b) is a cross-sectional view of the lamp along AA. The lighting 1M is formed by supporting the lamp 1M2 by the beam 1M1 fixed to the column 1M3 as shown in a), but the lamp 1M2 is covered by the cover 1M22 as shown in b). The light emitted from the lamp 1M21 is covered by the transparent cover material 1M23 and illuminates the surrounding area. When snow S1 occurs on the cover 1 M2 2, the heat generated by the lamp 1M2 1 is conducted to the cover 1M22 during the night when the lamp 1M2 1 is turned on, and the heat melts the snow S1 to melt snow water. Y is generated, and the snowmelt water Y falls as water droplets Y1, but when the temperature is lower than the freezing point, the water droplets freeze again near the lower surface of the force bar 1 M22 and ice columns Y2 are generated. There is. The cover 1M22 is installed outdoors and must have weather resistance.It is generally formed of painted metal so that it does not deform due to the heat generated by the lamp 1M21. It is conductive. At night, when the lamp 1M21 is turned on, the temperature is particularly low, and the possibility of the formation of the icicle Y2 is great. The icicle Y2 may fall and cause a collision with a pedestrian or a vehicle under the lamp 1M2. Although this phenomenon has been regarded as a problem for a long time, there was no particularly effective countermeasure.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a lighting fixture for an illumination lamp according to the present invention. The cover of M1 lamp 1 M2 The top surface of M22 is sloped, and the outer surface of the slope is provided with a snow-snow-ice coating layer, so that snow and ice can be quickly slid down before the snow S1 is melted by the lamp 1M2 1. Thus, the generation of the icicle Y2 as described above can be prevented. The inclined surface provided on the cover 1M22 is as shown in a). It may be provided symmetrically on the side, may have a one-sided flow shape as shown in b), and may further have an entire upper surface of the cover 1 M22 as an inclined surface as shown in c).

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the lighting fixture of the lighting lamp according to the present invention. By installing a snow-snow body 2M with a sloped outer edge and a snow-snow-ice coating layer above the lamp 1M2, the snow on the lamp 1M2 slides down quickly to prevent the icicle Y2. Things. The snow ice body 2M is a separate component from the cover 1 M22.Even if the lighting 1M is already installed, the snow ice body 2M can easily prevent the formation of the icicle Y2. it can. The snow gliding body 2M may have an inclined surface formed on both sides as shown in a), the inclined surface may be formed on only one side, and the other may be a vertical surface. In addition, as shown in b), the heat insulation material 2M1 is interposed between the cover 1M22 and the snow ice body 2M to prevent the heat generated by the lamp 1M21 from being conducted to the snow ice body 2M, It is also possible to suppress the generation of snowmelt water Y on M to more reliably prevent the generation of icicles Y2.

Further, the snow gliding body 2M may be provided not only above the lamp 1M2 as shown in FIG. 32 but also above the beam 1M1. Provide a coating layer with snow and ice properties on the outer surface of the 1M beam 1M1 and lighting 1M2 of the illuminating light 1M and slide down the snow and ice to prevent the lighting 1M from deforming due to snow load. To prevent. Light 1M2, which protrudes farther from column 1M3, is particularly badly affected by the snow load. Therefore, reducing the snow load on the light 1M2 provides a great benefit. In this embodiment, the snow-ice body 2M is mounted on the beam 1M1, but the snow-ice body 2M is not attached according to the amount of snow, and the snow-ice A layer may be formed.

Further, the snow gliding body 2M may be mounted above the lamp 1M2 via a stay 2M2 as shown in FIG. Through the stay 2M2, as shown in a), the portion where the lamp 1M2 is connected to the snow-and-ice body 2M can be made smaller, and even if the stay 2M2 is formed of a metal or other material having high thermal conductivity, the conducted heat can be transferred. By reducing the amount, snowmelt on the snow glacier 2M can be suppressed. Also shown in b) As the wind W passes between the stays 2 M 2, the lamp 1 M 2 and the snow-melting ice body 2 M can be cooled to suppress snow melting, and even in hot weather, the snow-melting ice body 2 M The temperature rise of the lamp 1 M 2 by covering the upper part can be prevented.

The life of 1 M 21 can be prevented from being shortened.

FIG. 34 shows an arbor which is an embodiment of the present invention. pavilion

A 1N roof or 1N2 is provided with a snow-snow-ice coating layer on the outer surface of the 1N1 or 1N2 to prevent snow clumps and snow eaves from forming by sliding down snow and ice. It is possible to prevent snow clumps from falling on the heads of humans entering and leaving the area. In addition, even when a low-strength material is used for the roof 1N1, the risk of deformation due to snow load can be reduced.

FIG. 35 shows a projection prevention fence according to an embodiment of the present invention. The anti-reflection fence 1 P is installed on the bridge, under which expressways and railroads pass, but the outer surface of the highway 1 P 1 and the anti-reflection fence 1 P 2 has snow and ice properties. A protective layer is provided to prevent the formation of snow clumps and cornice, and to prevent snow clumps from falling under bridges. In addition, when the projection prevention fence 1P2 has translucency, it is possible to secure brightness and secure a view at an intersection, thereby contributing to traffic safety.

FIG. 36 shows a windproof snow fence according to an embodiment of the present invention. Windproof snow fences 1Q1 windproof snow panels 1Q1 and pillars 1Q2 are provided with a coating layer with snow-sliding and ice properties on the outer surface to prevent snow accretion and maintain the gap between the windproof snow panels 1Q1. The effect of blowing off by wind pressure is not reduced.

FIGS. 37 and 38 show a snow fence according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in a) of FIG. 37, the snow fence 1R is provided with a snow cover S1 from the mountain M side. It is installed to prevent the vehicle from sliding down to the lower road R. If there is a ground cover 1R1 on the road R side of the snow fence 1R, this ground cover is used as shown in b). There is a possibility that snow S 1a may be generated on 1 R 1 and fall on road R to cause damage. Therefore, a snow-snow body 2R having an inclined surface 2R1 on which a snow-snow-ice coating layer is formed as shown in FIG. Snow on R 1 S 1a is large enough to fall quickly on road R without causing damage It is slid down at. The snow gliding body 2R may be a structure that has a sloped surface as shown in a) or a fixed ground cover 1R1 or a snow fence 1R, or a flat plate as shown in b). , May be fixed to the fixing portion 2R2, and may be extended to the upper end of the snow fence 1R. Further, as shown in c), the lower end of the inclined surface 2R1 By slightly leaving the ground cover 1 R 1, the falling snow and ice may be given momentum.

Fig. 39 shows an embodiment of the protective fence according to the present invention, in which a) is a front view and b) is an overpass of the protective fence provided on the upper side of the road where the road crosses over. Cross section of the bridge, c) is a detailed cross section. As shown in a), an overpass R2 that spans the road R1 is provided above the lower road R1 such as a cut-away expressway. The overpass R 2 is composed of a bridge 1 S 1, a retaining wall 1 S 2 and a snow fence 1 S provided thereon, but as shown in b) above the retaining wall 1 S 2 near the snow fence 1 S. There is a danger that the snow eaves S 3 will be formed on the ground cover 1 S 2 1 and fall down on the lower road R 1 to collide with the traveling vehicle and cause damage. As described above, the conventional snow eaves prevention method cannot reliably prevent the occurrence of snow eaves, and especially in a situation where the snow fence 1S has already been installed, install it in such a narrow ground cover 1S 21 It was extremely difficult.

Accordingly, as shown in c), the snow cover 2S according to the present invention is provided in the ground cover 1S21, and the snowfall slides down before the snow grows on the cornice S3 to prevent the occurrence of the damage as described above. Can be prevented. Also, the snow gliding body 2 S is formed by bending a flat plate to form an inclined surface 2 S 1 and a mounting portion 2 S 2, and a ground cover portion 1 S 2 is formed by using the mounting portion 2 S 2 and an anchor 1 bolt 2 S 3. 1 and the structure is simple, so it is easy to form the snow-sliding ice body 2 S, and even when the snow fence 1 S is already installed, the ground cover 1 S 2 It is easy to attach to 1.

FIG. 40 is a perspective view showing a tollgate roof according to an embodiment of the present invention. The toll booth 1 T1, which is located on the side of the lane R near the exit of the toll road and near the exit, exposes collection staff and road users to rain, especially when collecting tolls in rainy weather. To prevent the normal toll booth 1 T 1 above the toll booth 1 S Is installed. Snow may fall on the tollgate roof 1T, and the snow may fall on the lane R, causing a collision with the vehicle or blocking the lane R. The effect of installing a conventional device to prevent snow cover and cornice is questionable as described above.

Therefore, by installing a 2 T snow-snow body with an inclined surface 2 T 1 on which a snow-snow-ice coating layer is formed above the 1 T roof, the snow on the 1 toll booth can be quickly accumulated. And fall down to a size that does not cause damage. As the snow gliding body 2T, a snow gliding body having the shape shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 may be used, and furthermore, an outward slope is formed at the edge of the tollgate roof 1T, A snow-and-ice coating layer may be provided on the inclined surface.

FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram showing a railway vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention. The 1U railcar will light up the windows 1U1 to hinder passengers from enjoying the scenery, and at night or in bad weather, to ensure the train driver's view or lighten the presence of the train. 1 U 2 May snow. When the snow is approaching, the sound of the approaching train is absorbed by the snow, making it difficult for the maintenance staff working on the track to notice the approach of the vehicle. There is also.

Another problem that has been considered as a problem with snowfall related to railway vehicles 1U is that snow and ice rolled up by the traveling wind adhere to the lower surface 1U3. For high-speed trains such as Shinkansen, snowfall on windows 1U1 and light 1U2 as described in the preceding paragraph is blown off by wind pressure during running due to the shape of the vehicle and the wind pressure generated during running. However, snow and ice attached to the lower surface 1U3 will fall off the gravel if it falls on the track in a place without snow, and the splashed gravel may damage the window glass of the opposing train. Was. As a countermeasure, wind pressure, snow melting equipment, and methods to prevent snow and ice adhesion by applying water-repellent paint have been used, but these depend on the speed of the train or have a problem with durability. However, reliability was questioned for its continued effectiveness. Accordingly, a snow-ice-like coating layer is provided on the outer surface of the window 1U1, the light 1U2, and the lower surface 1U3 of the railway vehicle 1U, or a snow-ice-ice coating layer is provided. By attaching the snow, the attached snow and ice can be slid down by wind pressure much smaller than that without special treatment on the outer surface.For example, snow and ice can be slid down even when the train is running at low speed due to snow accumulation. As a result, snow and ice on windows 1 u 1 and lights 1 U 2 are quickly slid down, and snow and ice on bottom 1 U 3 are slid down before reaching a place without snow, and the train speed is reduced. It is possible to prevent the above-mentioned problem from occurring continuously without relying on the above and with high reliability.

FIG. 42 is an explanatory diagram showing a traffic light according to an embodiment of the present invention. Conventionally, the traffic light IV uses an incandescent lamp or the like as a light-emitting body (not shown) for emitting the colored transparent light-emitting portion 1 V1. The snow on the light emitting part 1 V 1 was melted and dropped as water droplets, and did not disturb the display of the signal.However, when the snow on the eaves part IV 2 was melted by the heat of the light emitting body, It became an icicle, and the damage caused by the fall was regarded as a problem.

As a countermeasure, a planar heating element is provided in the eaves section 1 V 2 as described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 2-674999, or as described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 59-12639. Thus, a method of dropping snow by vibration is disclosed. However, these methods required energy and power, and required equipment maintenance.

Furthermore, in recent years, a light-emitting diode that does not require a colored transparent cover as an illuminant, has a much longer lifespan than incandescent lamps, etc., and can greatly reduce the maintenance of traffic lights 1 V Although it is being used, the light emitting diode hardly generates heat, and when it snows on the light emitting part 1 V 1, icing occurs, and the display contents of the signal become invisible, impairing the function as a traffic light, It could not be installed in areas with heavy snowfall.

Therefore, a snow-snow / ice body 2 V having an outer surface provided with a snow-snow-ice coating layer and an inclined surface 2 V is attached above the traffic light 1 V, so that a light-emitting portion 1 V 1 and an eaves portion 1 V due to snowfall are provided. Prevent snowfall on 2. The snow on the snow glacier body 2 V is quickly slid down by the snow glacier-like coating layer, causing the problems described above. Life can be prevented beforehand. The inclined surface of the snow gliding body 2 V may have a single-flow shape. Furthermore, by providing a snow-snow-ice coating layer on the outer surface of the light-emitting unit 1 V 1, it is possible to more reliably prevent snow on the light-emitting unit 1 V 1 when using a light-emitting diode that does not generate heat. be able to.

FIG. 43 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the traffic light according to the present invention. The slope 1 V 3 is formed above the traffic light 1 V, and the snow cover on the traffic light 1 V is quickly slid down because the slope 1 V 3 is provided with a snow-and-ice covering layer. In addition, by forming the upper surface of the eaves portion 1 V 2 as an inclined surface and providing a snow-sliding and ice-like coating layer, snow cover on the eaves portion 1 V 2 can be more reliably prevented.

FIGS. 44 to 53 illustrate an embodiment in which an outdoor work according to the present invention in which a snow-and-ice coating layer is formed on the outer edge is applied to a house. 46 is an explanatory view showing a conventional house, and FIGS. 47 to 53 are explanatory views showing an outdoor feature according to the present invention. Figure 44 shows an example of the roof shape of a house in a snowy area.In recent years, houses J in a snowy area have taken into consideration that the collapse of the snow on the roof may cause damage to the neighborhood and the roof structure. The roof is not a normal gabled roof, but rather a flat residential roof, J1, which stores snow on it and has an inclined surface on the edge of the roof. In many cases, a 1 W parapet is provided, and the snow that has accumulated on the 1 W slope is gradually dropped.

However, as shown in Fig. 45, the snow cover S1 piled up on the house roof J1 becomes a snow mass S2 protruding above the parapet 1W when the snow cover is higher than the paradox. If the outside temperature is high to some extent, the snow S1 will have a melted surface and slide down the slope of the 1W platform, but if the outside temperature is low, it will freeze on the 1W platform and slide down. And snow mass S 2 is generated on the platform. Furthermore, on the leeward side of the roof and snow cover, a vortex, the so-called Karman vortex K, in which the wind circulates, as shown in the figure, is generated, and the Karman vortex K causes the snowfall S to move to the roof J 1 and the end of the snow cover S 1. The snow lumps S 2 are further grown by wrapping around and attaching to them, and in some cases, the snow lumps S 2 may protrude from the sloped surface of the 1 W paradise and grow to the snow eaves. As shown in Fig. 46, a method is also used in which an upright snow eaves prevention plate 1X is provided on a 1W platform to divide the snow S1 and make it easier to fall on the 1W platform. However, this also has no effect if the snow cover S 1 freezes on the 1 W of the platform or 1 X of the snow eaves prevention plate, and the Karman vortex K is generated by the wind hitting the snow eaves prevention plate 1 X. Then, when snowfall S adheres to the leeward side of the cornice prevention plate 1X, the snow mass S2 is generated and grows to the cornice.

FIG. 47 shows an embodiment according to the present invention, in which a coating layer H whose outer surface is made of snow and ice is provided on the outer edge of a 1 W wall. Due to the snow-covered ice layer H, the snow cover and the snow mass on 1 W of the paradise grow on the surface of 1 W of the paradise into a large snow mass or cornice by its own weight. Slide down. In the present embodiment, the angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees. However, if the angle is 20 degrees or more, the effect of preventing snow accumulation is obtained. The effect of prevention appears.

The method for forming the snow-ice-ice coating layer H is not particularly limited, and may be directly applied.For example, a film-like material having a snow-ice-ice coating layer formed on the outer surface may be adhered. Alternatively, a method of forming a snow-and-ice coating layer via an intermediate material, such as attaching a plate-like member having a snow-and-ice coating layer formed on the outer surface, may be used.

FIG. 48 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment according to the present invention, in which a) is a side view and b) is a cross-sectional view showing details. As shown in a), an upright snow eaves prevention plate 1X is provided on the parapet 1W, and a snow-snow-ice coating layer H is provided on the downwind side α of the parapet 1W and the snow eaves prevention plate 1X. It is a thing. By providing the snow eaves prevention plate 1X, the snowfall is separated by the sinking of the snow, and the snowfall is easily slipped off.By providing the outer surface of the parapet 1W with a snow-ice-like coating layer 外 on the outer surface, the snowfall and the snow mass Is slid down by its own weight. In addition, the outer surface of the snow eave prevention plate 1X is also provided with a snow-ice coating layer Η on the leeward side, so that even if snow adheres due to Karman vortex, it can be slid down before growing to the snow eaves. The tip 1X1 of the cornice prevention plate 1X may be sharp, such as the tip 1X1a or 1X1b shown in b). The sharpening of the tip can increase the effect of breaking snow due to the subsidence of snow. FIG. 49 is a side view showing another embodiment of the snow eaves prevention plate according to the present invention, in which a snow sliding ice body 2X for suppressing occurrence of a snow eave is attached to an inclined surface of a parapet 1W. is there. The snow gliding body 2X has a flat plate shape and is simpler in shape and easier to form and install than the shape shown in a) of Fig. 8, and also easy to remove. As described above, the snow eaves are generated on the leeward side, and the location where the airflow changes depends on the surrounding environment. By making it removable, it is possible to easily respond to these changes in the surroundings. Furthermore, the snow glacier 2X can be removed when not needed, and does not impair the appearance of the house. In consideration of the appearance of the house, it is preferable that the base material of the snow gliding body 2X is translucent, and since the snow gliding coating layer does not hinder the translucency, the base material should be glass or glass. It can be formed by using a transparent material such as polycarbonate and acrylic resin.

FIG. 50 shows an embodiment according to the present invention. Unlike the eaves prevention plate 1Xa in which the tip is only sharpened, FIG. It is made into a pointed shape. This shape makes it easier to separate the snow cover due to the sedimentation of the snow.Also, even if the snowfall S winds on the leeward side of the snow eaves 1 Xa due to the wind W, the Karman vortex K will keep the snow eaves prevention plate 1 X Since it is generated at a location farther away from a force, it is possible to reduce snowfall due to Karman vortex K.

Figure 51 shows the difference in the state of snow accumulation on the roof side due to the formation of a snow-sliding and ice-like covering layer on the upright snow eave prevention plate 1X. a) does not have a snow-snow-and-ice covering layer on the roof side] 3.Since the snow cover rises along the snow eaves prevention plate 1X, the snow cover S1 on the roof prevents snow eaves. When the height exceeds the board 1 X, the snow exceeds the snow split board, and the snow wall S 11 1 is formed on the snow eave prevention plate 1 X, so that the snow eaves are easily generated. b) has a snow-sliding and icy coating layer formed on the roof side of the snow-covered ridge 1X.3) Due to the water repellency of the coating layer, the snow S1 tends to be higher than the snow-covered ridge 1X. Even if the amount of snow is the same as in a), it is difficult to exceed the cornice prevention plate 1X, and the edge of the snow is curved and Karman vortices are less likely to occur. . FIG. 52 shows still another embodiment of a house roof according to the present invention, in which a solar cell is combined with a parapet and an anti-cornice plate. The plastic 1W and the snow eaves prevention plate 1X do not function particularly when there is no snowfall, but can be provided with a power generation function by combining with the solar cell 1Y as shown in the present embodiment. Effective use of space and power supply will be provided. Ordinary solar cells will be placed on the flat surface of a snowy roof, but if snow accumulates, the snow will block sunlight and power will not be supplied. As in the present embodiment, the solar cell 1Y is placed in a place where snow accumulation does not occur and where there is little danger of sunlight being shielded by a snow-covered ice-covered layer formed on the outer surface without adhering to a snow eaves or snow clumps. By installing it, it is possible to obtain electromotive force even in winter. In addition, the color of the solar cell 1Y is usually dark, and it absorbs infrared rays more easily and emits heat more easily than the bright one, so that the snow can be easily melted.

FIG. 53 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a solar cell 1Y that can be applied to an outdoor work such as the plastic 1W, the snow eaves prevention plate 1X, or the snow ice body 2X shown in FIG. The solar cell panel 1Y is formed of a solar cell through a light-transmitting filler 1Y2 such as EVA between light-transmitting members 1Y1 each having a snow-snow-ice coating layer H formed on the outer surface. Cell 1 Y 3 is provided.

FIG. 54 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the solar cell according to the present invention. The photovoltaic cell 1Y that generates electric power when placed on the roof of a house has a general-purpose shape as shown in this figure, and the light-receiving surface 1Y4 has an inclined surface. By providing a snow-snow-ice coating layer on the surface 1Y4 to slide snow and ice, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the solar cell. In addition, the light receiving surface 1Y4 of the solar cell panel is usually inclined toward the sun, and it is easy to slide down snow cover. FIG. 55 shows a veranda blindboard according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is conceivable that the blindboard 1Z usually provided on the veranda B may become darker in the room or grow into a snow mass when it snows. The problem described above can be prevented beforehand by providing a snow-sliding and ice-based coating layer on the outer surface of the blind plate 1Z to prevent snow from accumulating.

FIG. 56 shows a storage according to an embodiment of the present invention. Shed By providing a snow-snow body 2 mm with a snow-snow-ice coating layer on the outer surface on the top surface of 1 mm, sliding snow and ice may cause the storage 1 mm to deform due to snow load, It is possible to prevent the occurrence of problems such as falling snow clumps and formation of snow cornices. FIG. 57 shows a garbage accumulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The garbage collection site structure 1Δ is composed of a pole 1Δ1, a fence 1Δ2 provided for animal shelter, and a roof 1Δ3. By providing a snow-and-ice covering layer and sliding down snow and ice, the load on the garbage can cause deformation and other problems due to the snow load, falling snow clumps from the roof 1 Formation can be prevented. Industrial applicability

As described above, according to the present invention, a large snow-ice lump falls down, causing pedestrians and vehicles to slide down the outer surface of the coating layer having the property of snow and ice by its own weight with the size before snow and ice damage. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of damages such as collisions, etc., which is useful from the viewpoint of safety. Moreover, it can be realized by a relatively inexpensive and simple method, which is useful in terms of economy and convenience.

The scope of the claims

1. An outdoor work having snow and ice properties, wherein a coating layer having snow and ice properties is formed on the outdoor work, or a snow and ice body on which a coating layer having snow and ice properties is formed is attached, An outdoor workpiece characterized in that the coating layer has a water repellency with an outer surface tension of 35 dyne / cm or less and a sliding angle of water droplets of 40 degrees or less.

2. The outdoor work according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer slides on the outer surface with water droplets at an advancing contact angle of 90 degrees or more and a receding contact angle of 50 degrees or more and an advancing contact angle or less. object.

3. The coating layer according to claim 1, wherein, at the initial angle at which the outer surface of the water droplet slides, the coating layer has a water droplet sliding speed of 10 cmZ or less from the initial sliding position to a sliding position of 10 cm or less. An outdoor work as described in paragraph 2.

4. The outdoor workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coating layer has an outer surface having a maximum surface roughness of 10 µm or less.

5. The range of claims wherein the coating layer is characterized in that ice frozen on the outer surface in a temperature range of 12 to 15 degrees C. slides in a constant load non-breakable manner by a load from the horizontal direction with the coating layer. An outdoor workpiece according to any one of Items 1 to 4.

6. The outdoor workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the coating layer is formed on an inorganic base film formed on the base material.

7. The outdoor workpiece according to claim 6, wherein the inorganic base film is formed using a silicone coating agent containing silicone as a main component.

8. The coating layer is made of a water-repellent substance having a linear structure with a length of 5 A (angstrom) or more, the ends of which are oriented on the outer surface of the coating layer and fixed on the upper surface of the base material. The outdoor work according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein

9. The water-repellent substance having a linear structure has a trifluoromethyl group

Claims

9. The outdoor workpiece according to claim 8, wherein a methyl group is arranged, and the trifluoromethyl group and / or the methyl group is oriented so as to be an outer surface.

10. The outdoor work according to claim 8 or 9, wherein at least one of the water-repellent substances having a linear structure is substantially uniformly distributed in 20 square A. .

11. The water-repellent substance having a linear structure is almost uniformly fixed on the upper surface of the base material at a density of 10 to 95% of the density at which the fixing of the substance is saturated. The outdoor work according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that:

12. The water-repellent substance having a linear structure is fixed almost uniformly at a density of 10 to 95% with respect to the density at which the fixation of the substance is saturated on the upper surface of the substrate. The outdoor work according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein a hydrophilic substance is present in a part of the outdoor work.

13. The coating layer comprises, as a main component, one or a mixture of two or more selected from a fluorine-containing silane compound, a fluorine-free silane compound, and a fluorine-containing compound having a fluorocarbon group. An outdoor work according to any one of paragraphs 8 to 12.

14. The outdoor work according to claim 13, wherein the fluorine-free silane compound is a fluorine-free silane compound having a methyl group.

15 5. Outdoor works include tunnel portals, median strip railing, sound barriers and their shelters, truss bridge trusses, sign boards, snow cover boards, signs, mirrors, self-luminous bodies, shelters, and bicycle sheds. , Lighting, arbor, protective fence, wind-proof snow fence, snow-proof fence, anti-reflection fence, traffic signal, toll booths such as toll roads, railway vehicles, housing roof snow eaves prevention plate, housing roof parapet, solar cells, housing Claims 1 to 14 characterized in that at least one is selected from the group consisting of a blindboard, a storeroom, and a garbage collection site structure such as an exterior structure and a veranda. An outdoor work according to any of the above.

16. The lighting lamp is provided with a member having an inclined surface above the lamp, and the inclined surface The outdoor work according to claim 15, wherein a snow-snow-and-ice coating layer is provided on an outer surface of the outdoor work.

17. The outdoor work as set forth in claim 16, wherein the member is provided with a heat insulating material between the lamp and the lamp.

18. The traffic signal transmits information related to traffic to road users by transmitting the light from the light emitting diode through the cover. The cover has a snow-snow-and-ice coating layer on the outer surface. An outdoor structure as set forth in claim 15, characterized in that:

19. The outdoor work according to any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein an outer edge of the outdoor work is inclined at an angle of 20 degrees or more with respect to a horizontal plane. object.

20. The outdoor work according to any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein an outer edge of the outdoor work is inclined at an angle of 20 to 45 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane. Outdoor work.

It has a linear structure of 21.5 A or more, and at least one selected from the group consisting of trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, dimethoxysilane, diethoxysilane, methoxysilane or ethoxysilane is disposed at one end. A water-repellent composition in which at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluorocarbon group and a methyl group is disposed at the other end, and the water-repellent substance is dispersed in an appropriate solvent to form a water-repellent composition. Forming a coating layer on the substrate by applying the water-repellent composition on a substrate and removing the remaining water-repellent composition while applying pressure while the solvent remains. A method for producing a snow- and ice-based coating.

22. The method according to claim 20, wherein the coating layer is formed on an inorganic base film that has been subjected to at least one treatment selected from the group consisting of corona discharge treatment, plasma discharge treatment, and flame treatment. 21. The method for producing a snow-ice-ice covering according to item 21.

23. Water repellency formed by the manufacturing method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the outer surface has a surface tension of 35 dyne / cm or less, and a sliding angle of a water droplet is 40 degrees. Characterized by being provided with a coating layer having the following slipperiness Snow gliding coating.

24. The outer surface of the coating layer formed on the substrate after the accelerated weathering test was performed for 1,000 hours was water-repellent with a surface tension of 35 dyne Zcm or less, and the sliding angle of water droplets was 40 degrees. A snow gliding coating having the following water sliding properties. 2 5. The outer surface of the coating layer formed on the + substrate exposed to 56 OM J / rn2 UV in the outdoor light-accelerating accelerated exposure test has a water repellency with a surface tension of 35 dyn _ei / cm or less. A snow-and-ice coating having a water-sliding property with a water droplet sliding angle of 40 degrees or less.

26. It was confirmed that a coating layer having a water-repellent outer surface having a surface tension of 35 dyn eZcm or less and a water-drop sliding angle of 40 degrees or less was provided on the base material via an intermediate material. Characteristic snow gliding coating.

27. The snow gliding coating according to claim 26, wherein the intermediate material is made of a synthetic resin that transmits visible light.

28. The snow gliding coating according to claim 26 or claim 27, wherein the intermediate material has flexibility.

29. The coating layer according to claim 23, wherein the outer surface is slid by water droplets at an advancing contact angle of 90 degrees or more and a receding contact angle of 50 degrees or more and at an advancing contact angle or less. The snow-and-ice coating according to any one of the above.

30. The coating layer according to claim 23, wherein the outer surface has a water droplet sliding speed of 10 c minutes or less from an initial sliding position to a sliding position of 10 cm at an initial angle of sliding of the water droplet. Snow gliding coating according to any of paragraph 29

31. The snow-and-ice coating according to any one of claims 23 to 30, wherein the coating layer has a maximum outer surface roughness of 10 m or less. 3 2. The coating layer is characterized in that ice frozen on the outer surface in a temperature range of 12 ° C to −5 ° C slides in a constant load non-breakable manner due to a horizontal load with the coating layer. 32. The snow-ice-ice covering according to any one of the items 23 to 31.

33. The snow slide according to any one of claims 23 to 32, wherein the coating layer is formed on an inorganic base film formed on the base material. Ice coating.

34. The inorganic base film according to claim 23 or 33, wherein the inorganic base film is formed using a silicone coating agent containing silicone as a main component. Snow gliding coating.

35. The coating layer is made of a water-repellent substance having a linear structure with a length of 5 A (angstrom) or more, and its ends are oriented on the outer surface of the coating layer and fixed on the upper surface of the substrate. 35. The snow gliding coating according to any one of claims 24 to 34, wherein

36. The water-repellent substance having a straight-chain structure had a trifluoromethyl group and a Z or methyl group disposed at the end, and was oriented such that the trifluoromethyl group and the no or methyl group became the outer surface. The snow-snow-and-ice covering according to claim 35, characterized in that:

37. The snow and ice according to claim 35 or 36, wherein at least one of the water-repellent substances having a linear structure is distributed substantially uniformly in 20 square A. Coatings.

38. The water-repellent substance having a linear structure is fixed almost uniformly on the upper surface of the substrate at a density of 10 to 95% of the density at which the fixation of the substance is saturated. The snow-and-ice coating according to any one of claims 35 to 37, characterized in that:

39. The water-repellent substance having a linear structure is fixed almost uniformly at a density of 10 to 95% with respect to the density at which the fixation of the substance is saturated on the upper surface of the base material. 38. The snow-and-ice cover according to any one of claims 35 to 37, wherein a hydrophilic substance is present in the portion.

40. The coating layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating layer is mainly composed of one or a mixture of two or more selected from a fluorine-containing silane compound, a fluorine-free silane compound, and a fluorine-containing compound having a fluorocarbon group. Item 31. The snow-snow-ice coating according to any one of Items 35 to 39.

41. The snow-ice-ice coating according to claim 40, wherein the fluorine-free silane compound is a fluorine-free silane compound having a methyl group.

42. A coating layer having snow and ice properties or a snow and ice body on which a coating layer having snow and ice properties is formed is attached to an outdoor workpiece. (4) An outdoor workpiece characterized by the coating layer according to any of (1).