WO2002090269A1 - Biological treatment reactor in a purification plant - Google Patents
Biological treatment reactor in a purification plant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002090269A1 WO2002090269A1 PCT/FR2002/001565 FR0201565W WO02090269A1 WO 2002090269 A1 WO2002090269 A1 WO 2002090269A1 FR 0201565 W FR0201565 W FR 0201565W WO 02090269 A1 WO02090269 A1 WO 02090269A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- effluent
- treatment
- basin
- treatment plant
- plant according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/08—Aerobic processes using moving contact bodies
- C02F3/082—Rotating biological contactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
- B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to domestic wastewater treatment plants and relates in particular to a treatment plant comprising a biological treatment reactor whose purpose is to purify this water before it is discharged into the environment.
- Wastewater treatment plants generally include a pre-treatment unit located upstream of the treatment reactor where the first stage of the actual treatment of the effluent takes place using a physicochemical process using chemicals which have unfortunately a bad impact on the environment or a biological process using living organisms such as bacteria, and whose release in nature is made possible without risk of pollution on the environment.
- a pre-treatment unit located upstream of the treatment reactor where the first stage of the actual treatment of the effluent takes place using a physicochemical process using chemicals which have unfortunately a bad impact on the environment or a biological process using living organisms such as bacteria, and whose release in nature is made possible without risk of pollution on the environment.
- the effluent from the pre-treatment set is prepared to receive a biological treatment after which it is rejected in nature.
- the first stage of treatment is essential, it consists in bringing the effluent into contact with microorganisms for a certain time so that they feed on the organic matter contained in the effluent.
- This step can be carried out in a basin by microorganisms in free cultures, that is to say mixed with the effluent or by microorganisms in cultures fixed on supports placed at the bottom of the basin, in plastic or in pozzolan.
- Microorganisms need oxygen to live and the effluent from the basin must be regularly oxygenated and stirred which requires either additional equipment compressor or aerator type or any other system allowing mixing, either a cascade or trickling process.
- the water from this first tank can then pass into a tank called a clarifier which allows, by decantation, to separate the "clean" water from the residual sludge containing the dead micro-organisms and the products not digested by them.
- the clarified and clean water is discharged into the environment while the sludge is sent to another basin called a silo before being reintroduced into the natural environment.
- the technique of fixed cultures is advantageously improved thanks to supports in the form of cylindrical elements as described in the document EP0936189, fixed on a horizontal axis of rotation and half submerged. These cylindrical elements are crossed by parallel channels which extend in the transverse direction of the element and whose internal surface serves as a support for fixing the microorganisms so that these are alternately bathed by the effluent and aerated by ambient air.
- This mode of fixed cultures has the advantage of increasing the concentration of bacterial biomass in the basins and therefore of reducing their size.
- the fixed cultivation technique requires practically no monitoring and makes it possible to reduce the oxygenation of the effluent and therefore to reduce the energy cost.
- this channel system inside the cylindrical elements does not allow an adequate development of microorganisms. Indeed, if the cylindrical elements rotate at too high a speed, the tubes containing the cultures of microorganisms are "washed” by the passage of the effluent during the rotation thus preventing any bacteriological development. On the other hand, if the elements rotate at too low a speed, for example 1 to 2 revolutions per minute, so as to avoid the "washing" of the channels, they generate very few movements of the effluent and therefore very low oxygenation. Now, the low oxygenation of such a medium causes the formation of nitrates and the accumulation of phosphates, which implies additional stages of denitrification and dephosphatation since these high-dose products are very toxic.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a wastewater treatment plant comprising a biological effluent treatment reactor which allows a significant development of cultures of microorganisms at the same time as a suitable oxygenation of 1 ' effluent.
- the object of the invention is a wastewater treatment plant comprising a biological treatment reactor responsible for treating the effluent comprising cylindrical elements fixed on an axis of rotation intended for the cultivation of micro- aerobic and anaerobic organisms for the degradation of organic matter contained in the effluent, the cylindrical elements being partly immersed in the effluent and having recesses, channels, or cells so as to allow the oxygenation of the effluent, the oxygenation of microorganisms and contact of microorganisms with organic matter in the effluent.
- the cylindrical elements are thin disks formed of two substantially parallel plates separated by a cellular material with open cells, the external faces of the plates serving to support the culture of said aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a treatment plant incorporating a biological treatment reactor according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a pretreatment tank which can be used in combination with the biological treatment reactor according to the invention
- FIG. 3 represents a cross section of the pre-treatment tank, represented in FIG. 3, along the axis A- A of FIG. 2,
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the biological treatment reactor according to the invention.
- a wastewater treatment plant in accordance with the invention shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1, includes a pre-treatment unit 10 allowing the dissolution or degradation into fine particles of the solid materials contained in the effluent arriving from the collector 11, a biological reactor 12 in which the effluent is treated and a clarifier 14 intended to separate by sedimentation the sludges from the reactor from the treated water.
- the station also includes a sludge silo 16, the outlet of which consists of a liquid part recycled at the inlet of the pre-treatment tank and a part containing the sludge to be removed.
- the effluent is conveyed from the pre-treatment unit to the reactor by a line 13 and from the reactor to the clarifier by a line 15. From the clarifier 14, the purified water is discharged into nature through the outlet 17, and from the silo to sludge 16, the thickened sludge is removed through outlet 19.
- the pretreatment assembly is a tank 10 preferably masonry, flat bottom and whose dimensions vary according to the amount of domestic wastewater to manage. It is separated into two basins 22 and 24, by a partition centered vertically.
- the partition is composed, from bottom to top, of a first fixed and waterproof partition 26, of a permeable and movable wall 28 and of a second fixed and waterproof partition 30.
- the three parts that make up the partition central each represent about a third of the total height of the partition.
- the effluent containing the domestic wastewater arrives in the basin 22 through a collector 11.
- the materials contained in the effluent have different densities and consequently the materials of high density such as sands and heavy materials tend to deposit in the lower part of the basin while low density materials such as grease and moss go up in the upper part of the basin.
- the major part of the effluent is therefore in the central part of the basin 22 and migrates towards the basin 24 via the permeable wall 28.
- the effluent being in the basin 22 is evacuated towards the biological reactor by means of a hydraulic pump 32 and conduits 34 and 13. This pumping therefore naturally creates a flow of effluent from the basin 22 to the basin 24 through the permeable wall 28.
- the regulation of the flow consists in returning towards the basin 22 a portion of the effluent of the basin 24 by means of the hydraulic pump 32 and the conduits 34 and 40 while another portion of the effluent pumped by means of the hydraulic pump 32 (or of another pump) is sent into the reactor via the pipe 13.
- This recycling therefore constitutes a reflux of the effluent from the basin 24 to the basin 22 which attenuates the flows from basin 22 to basin 24 through the permeable wall 28 and which contributes to the homogenization of the effluent.
- an electromechanically adjusted valve 38 makes it possible to stop the return of the effluent from the basin 24 to the basin 22 and therefore to regulate the flow during a sharp increase in the flow of incoming effluent.
- this valve is adjusted to allow a period of time between reflux in the first tank 22 and the suction to the treatment reactor thus allowing the non-degraded materials to find their place in the tank 22.
- the flow control system proper comprises a programmable electronic control system 44 connected to at least one level sensor 42 of the mercury sensor type for example, to the hydraulic pump (s) 32 and to the solenoid valve 38.
- Safety level contacts can also be connected to the control system in order to prevent any malfunction of the device, breakdown of a pump for example.
- the electronic control system 44 can act by an automaton, therefore without human intervention, according to a certain number of instructions such as the time of the day, the season, the quantities of effluent entering and / or transferred to the following stages of treatment ...
- the regulation system is programmed to receive the parameters inherent to the treatment plant to be controlled by means of printed cards previously established according to the needs of the municipality.
- a characteristic of the pre-treatment system according to the invention is to treat the effluent as much as possible to make it as homogeneous as possible. This is what allows the pipe 50 for returning the effluent (coming from the pipe 40) illustrated in FIG. 3, the outlet of which is located in the lower part of the basin 22. This creates a vortex which stirs the heavy parts or high density solids located in zone 54 and reduces them to fine particles so that they dissolve or are easily entrained in the liquid effluent by crossing the wall 28. Note that a second conduit reference 52
- the effluent resulting from the pre-treatment tank (also called liquor) is sent via the hydraulic pump, to the treatment reactor 14.
- the treatment reactor is a basin in which a certain number of discs 60-1 to 60-3 half immersed in the effluent 64 to be treated rotate slowly around an axis 62 at a speed of the order of 1 to 2 revolutions per minute.
- the discs about 2m in diameter and whose thickness does not exceed 1 cm (preferably 5 mm) are preferably formed from two circular plates 70 and 72 substantially parallel and separated by a cellular material 74 with open cells allowing the 'effluent to be stirred and thus to be oxygenated and homogenized. In fact, the ambient air trapped in the disc cells enters the effluent in large quantities.
- the effluent becomes saturated with oxygen, the diffusion of oxygen then begins towards the deeper layers of the effluent.
- a quantity of effluent itself circulates in the cells or alveoli of the discs and is all the more stirred and oxygenated.
- the discs can have a shape other than circular without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the discs are made of polypropylene. This material has, among other things, the following two advantages: its low density which reduces its weight and its low thermal conductivity which contributes to the non-dispersion of heat.
- the hollow structure of the discs also considerably lightens the support.
- the effluent arrives on one side of the reactor via the conduit 13 and leaves the opposite side of the reactor via the outlet 15 by gravity, the outlet 15 being situated substantially at the level of the axis 62 of the discs in order to keep the level d constant. 'effluent in the reactor.
- the inlet and the outlet of the effluent create a flow of the effluent from one end to the other of the reactor.
- the two faces of the discs serve as a support for microorganisms, in particular aerobic and anaerobic bacteria which will then feed on the pollutant load of effluent 64.
- This technique of "fixed culture” uses the capacity that most have microorganisms to produce exo-polymers allowing their fixation on very diverse supports to form a biofilm.
- the colonization of a disc begins on a certain number of privileged sites, these sites gradually extending until forming a bio-film which develops continuously until covering of the total surface of the two faces of the disc by a layer single cell. From this moment, the growth is continuous by production of new layers which come to cover the initial layer. A number of culture layers are therefore stratified in such a way that the oxygen which diffuses through the thickness of the biofilm does not reach the deepest layer. The colonization of the discs does not take place inside the cells or alveoli since they are washed by the passage of the effluent during the rotation of the discs, thus preventing any bacteriological development.
- the faces of the disc are therefore covered with a layer of anaerobic bacteria and a layer of aerobic bacteria.
- an aerobic environment part of the organic matter contained in the effluent to be treated is consumed thanks to the oxygen dissolved in the effluent by aerobic bacteria and degraded into biomass and carbon dioxide.
- anaerobic environment another part of the matter organic matter contained in the effluent is consumed away from oxygen by anaerobic bacteria and degraded in biomass, methane and carbon dioxide.
- the microorganisms that make up the layer of aerobic bacteria consume oxygen for their energy needs, their reproduction by cell division called bacterial synthesis and their endogenous respiration.
- the homogenization of the effluent ensured by the rotation of the discs ensures intimate contact between polluting elements and bacteria.
- the oxygen supply also ensured by the rotation of the discs avoids additional equipment of the compressor or aerator type or any other system allowing mixing, or a cascade or trickling process.
- the low oxygenation of the effluent would cause the formation of nitrates and the accumulation of phosphates, which would imply additional stages of denitrification and of phosphating since these products in high doses are very toxic.
- the load variations of organic matter to be degraded are smoothed by the principle of homogenization and the regulation system of the pre-treatment tank.
- the biological film in activity on the discs has the property of absorbing a load ten times greater than the normal load, without altering the quality of the outlet water.
- the so-called "normal" load is evaluated by a preliminary dimensioning carried out from a certain number of parameters for the implantation of each treatment plant.
- the biological mass present on the discs is also able to absorb and digest the complex molecules that constitute hydrocarbons, fats and other fats not absorbed by the pretreatment. These molecules arriving in the reactor are condemned to deposit on the discs during their rotation, which allows the bacteria in activity on the discs to feed in optimal proportion of this pollution.
- the biological reactor treatment system according to the invention is capable of absorbing up to 100 mg of fat per liter of effluent while the proportions estimated in domestic discharges never exceed 40 to 60 mg per liter.
- the depolluted effluent is loaded with sludge consisting of dead bacteria and inert materials. It is transferred by means of the outlet 15 into a basin or clarifier 14 where it is subjected to a natural decantation allowing the separation of the sludge and the purified water.
- the settling allows the clarification of the effluent and the thickening of the mud.
- Biological sludge is generally fluffy and has a density very close to that of water, and therefore, the duration of decantation is a parameter to take into account in the design of the treatment plant.
- the capacity of the effluent to settle depends on a certain number of factors such as: the presence of industrial waste, the dissolved oxygen content, the variation in composition of the organic load of the effluent, the temperature, etc.
- the measurement of the ascent rate is a common parameter in clarification tanks.
- the guide values for domestic effluents vary on average over a day depending on whether the organic load is low or high between 0.3 m / h and 1.25 m / h.
- the treatment system according to the invention makes it possible to accept all of the effluent arriving at the station, to smooth the variations in charge of organic matter by the principle of homogenization and the system for regulating the pre-treatment tank.
- the upward speed of the sludge in the clarifier is greatly increased compared to traditional treatment plants and reaches 2 to 2.5 m / h.
- This significant upward speed of the mud makes it possible to reduce the volume of the clarifier and in particular to decrease its surface area, which represents a non-negligible impact on the investment cost, both in terms of civil engineering and that of the right-of-way. land.
- the purified water is discharged into the environment while the sludge is placed in a closed sludge silo 16 while awaiting their evacuation and / or their liquefaction.
- the sludge can have several final destinations such as agricultural recovery, incineration or landfill. Their elimination from traditional treatment plants represents, every three months approximately, a significant transport cost.
- the sludge from the treatment plant according to the invention undergoes liquefaction due to the very composition of the sludge. Indeed, the combination of the pretreatment system and the reactor as described here produces sludges whose composition is not comparable to the sludges produced in traditional treatment plants.
- the sludge from the treatment plant according to the invention contains compounds in small quantities such as nitrates, phosphates, materials inorganic and organic which together continue to undergo anaerobic degradation.
- the frequency of withdrawal of the sludge from silo 16 is reduced compared to a traditional process.
- the biological treatment reactor according to the invention is preferably used with a two-tank pretreatment system as described above, it is also possible that this same reactor is used following a pre-treatment. conventional treatment without departing from the scope of the invention.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02732855A EP1390304A1 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2002-05-07 | Biological treatment reactor in a purification plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR01/06123 | 2001-05-09 | ||
FR01/06125 | 2001-05-09 | ||
FR0106123A FR2824548B1 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | WASTEWATER PRE-TREATMENT SYSTEM IN A PURIFICATION STATION |
FR0106125A FR2824550B1 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT REACTOR IN A PURIFICATION STATION |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002090269A1 true WO2002090269A1 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
Family
ID=26213004
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2002/001565 WO2002090269A1 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2002-05-07 | Biological treatment reactor in a purification plant |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1390304A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002090269A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117800485A (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-02 | 清大益天生物技术(北京)有限公司 | Water treatment device for degrading organic matters by immobilized microorganism plates |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB935162A (en) * | 1961-03-06 | 1963-08-28 | Hartmann Hans | Improvements in or relating to sewage plant |
JPS588587A (en) * | 1981-07-07 | 1983-01-18 | Keizo Sekine | Closed activated-sludge system for treating organic waste water |
US4399031A (en) * | 1980-07-07 | 1983-08-16 | Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Biological sewage treatment apparatus of the rotary disc type |
FR2744034A1 (en) * | 1996-01-29 | 1997-08-01 | Bragoni Consultants Sarl | Waste water pretreatment plant |
JPH09267098A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-14 | Chugoku Shii S K:Kk | Rotating contact type sewage treating device utilizing soil bacteria |
EP0936189A1 (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 1999-08-18 | Helmuth Hauptmann | Device for biological water treatment with rotating contact bodies |
-
2002
- 2002-05-07 EP EP02732855A patent/EP1390304A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-05-07 WO PCT/FR2002/001565 patent/WO2002090269A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB935162A (en) * | 1961-03-06 | 1963-08-28 | Hartmann Hans | Improvements in or relating to sewage plant |
US4399031A (en) * | 1980-07-07 | 1983-08-16 | Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Biological sewage treatment apparatus of the rotary disc type |
JPS588587A (en) * | 1981-07-07 | 1983-01-18 | Keizo Sekine | Closed activated-sludge system for treating organic waste water |
FR2744034A1 (en) * | 1996-01-29 | 1997-08-01 | Bragoni Consultants Sarl | Waste water pretreatment plant |
JPH09267098A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-14 | Chugoku Shii S K:Kk | Rotating contact type sewage treating device utilizing soil bacteria |
EP0936189A1 (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 1999-08-18 | Helmuth Hauptmann | Device for biological water treatment with rotating contact bodies |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 077 (C - 159) 30 March 1983 (1983-03-30) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 02 30 January 1998 (1998-01-30) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117800485A (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-02 | 清大益天生物技术(北京)有限公司 | Water treatment device for degrading organic matters by immobilized microorganism plates |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1390304A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
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