WO2003099425A1 - Device for aerating and mixing waste water in a treatment reactor, use thereof for purifying wastewater and use thereof as fermenting reactor - Google Patents

Device for aerating and mixing waste water in a treatment reactor, use thereof for purifying wastewater and use thereof as fermenting reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003099425A1
WO2003099425A1 PCT/FR2003/001566 FR0301566W WO03099425A1 WO 2003099425 A1 WO2003099425 A1 WO 2003099425A1 FR 0301566 W FR0301566 W FR 0301566W WO 03099425 A1 WO03099425 A1 WO 03099425A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
chimney
cap
assembly
reactor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2003/001566
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Pacaud
Original Assignee
Vor Environnement
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vor Environnement filed Critical Vor Environnement
Priority to AU2003255597A priority Critical patent/AU2003255597A1/en
Publication of WO2003099425A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003099425A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1278—Provisions for mixing or aeration of the mixed liquor
    • C02F3/1284—Mixing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2334—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements provided with stationary guiding means surrounding at least partially the stirrer
    • B01F23/23341—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements provided with stationary guiding means surrounding at least partially the stirrer with tubes surrounding the stirrer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/234—Surface aerating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/234—Surface aerating
    • B01F23/2342—Surface aerating with stirrers near to the liquid surface, e.g. partially immersed, for spraying the liquid in the gas or for sucking gas into the liquid, e.g. using stirrers rotating around a horizontal axis or using centrifugal force
    • B01F23/23421—Surface aerating with stirrers near to the liquid surface, e.g. partially immersed, for spraying the liquid in the gas or for sucking gas into the liquid, e.g. using stirrers rotating around a horizontal axis or using centrifugal force the stirrers rotating about a vertical axis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/24—Activated sludge processes using free-fall aeration or spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general technical field of urban and industrial wastewater treatment.
  • the present invention relates to a device for aeration and mixing of waste water in a treatment reactor.
  • the invention also relates to the use of such a device for the purification of waste water, as well as the use of such a device as a fermenter to create the biomass necessary for the purification of water. worn with specific composition.
  • Wastewater treatment processes using activated sludge with a view to eliminating both carbon and nitrogen pollution according to an oxidation and sometimes nitrification / denitrification process by making the water stay in a basin of activated sludge before being subjected to a clarification, prove to be particularly interesting since they make it possible to eliminate this pollution by creation of biomass.
  • Patent FR 2 721 229 thus describes a device for aeration and stirring of a liquid, such as greasy effluents extracted from urban wastewater effluents, comprising in particular a central vertical chimney, a vertical shaft driven in rotation disposed at inside the chimney, a liquid suction helix rotating with the shaft, means for stirring of the liquid, integral in rotation with the shaft, constituted by filiform bodies, and means for injecting a gas under pressure into the chimney.
  • Patent FR 2 758 094 describes a device for aerating and mixing a liquid, such as greasy effluents extracted from urban effluents of wastewater, and for eliminating foam in a treatment tank of said liquid.
  • a first problem related to the treatment and purification of wastewater of very different natures is the evacuation of heavy materials which come to settle at the bottom of the treatment reactor and which thus prove to be difficult to eliminate.
  • a second problem resides in the fact that the purification of charged effluents, such as wine-making effluents, the characteristics of which are known, but which exhibit significant variations in flow rate depending in particular on the seasons, requires the creation of a biomass specific by providing specialized strains.
  • the devices of the prior art for eliminating foam such as those described in patents FR 2 758 094 or FR 2 750 890 require specific mechanical means to break the foam and entrain it by mixing it with the biomass of the reactor.
  • the devices of the prior art require the use of two separate tanks to carry out the nitrification / denitrification process used to depollute certain types of wastewater.
  • the device according to the present invention which in particular comprises a main tank, at least one lateral chimney provided with an agitator, an upper central chimney for raising, and a set of at least one cap, makes it possible to ensure the circulation of the effluent within the tank, as well as the absorption of oxygen by trickling over the cap assembly (s), and also makes it possible to suspend the heavy materials which come to settle at the bottom of the tank during the circulation of the liquid in the tank, thanks to at least one central pumping assembly arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the tank.
  • the device which is the subject of the present invention also makes it possible to solve the problem of eliminating foam, which arises during the treatment of certain types of waste water, by the use of a peripheral annular cavity where the foam is possibly housed. created, which is then broken by the cascade of water which comes to project on it, without needing to have recourse to a complementary mechanical means.
  • the device which is the subject of the present invention also makes it possible to avoid the use of two separate tanks for carrying out the nitrification / denitrification process used to depollute certain types of waste water, the device comprising an effluent discharge orifice which allows a total freedom in reactor operating sequencing without disturbing the hydraulic system of the installation.
  • this orifice has a great advantage compared to the devices of the prior art, such as those described in the patents FR 2 758 094 and FR 2 750 890, which include means for regulating the level of the liquid, because the outlet orifice of the present invention allows to obtain during evacuation, unlike the devices of the prior art, a low flow compared to the general flow of circulation of the liquid in the reactor.
  • the device which is the subject of the present invention also makes it possible to ensure, if necessary, the role of fermenter and thus to create, by the contribution of specialized strains, a specific biomass necessary for the purification of certain charged effluents, such as wine-making effluents.
  • the present invention thus relates to a device for aeration and mixing of waste water in a reactor (1) for treatment, characterized in that it comprises: a main cylindrical tank (2) with a vertical axis, at least a cylindrical lateral chimney (3) with vertical axis, extending over at least part of the height of said tank (2), external or internal to said tank (2), open at its two ends (4,5) and providing with the bottom and the top of said tank (2) a passage allowing the circulation of water, at least one agitator (6) arranged in the upper part of said lateral chimney (3), a peripheral chute (13) defining an upper central chimney (8) for raising located at the top of the tank (2), said peripheral chute (13) opening at the upper end (4) of said lateral chimney (3), - a runoff assembly comprising at least a cap (9, 10, 1 1), designed to allow the runoff of the water from the upper central chimney (8) to the peripheral chute (13), at least one central pumping assembly (7), arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the tank (2), pumping the water above the
  • the peripheral trough (13) defines an annular cavity between the upper central chimney (8) and the lower part (9) of the run-off assembly (9, 10, 1 1) .
  • the pumping assembly (7) comprises a pump provided with a conduit opening above the upper end of the upper central chimney (8), towards the assembly of runoff (9, 10, 11).
  • the run-off assembly comprises a lower cap (9), an intermediate cap (10), and an upper cap (1 1).
  • the central pumping assembly (7) discharges the water under the upper cap (11).
  • the outlet orifice (12) is formed in the lower cap (9).
  • the device further comprises means (14) for injecting air into the lateral chimney (3) below the agitator (6).
  • the means (14) are chosen from the group consisting of a venturi system, a compressor and a liquid oxygen injection system.
  • the device further comprises at least one antivortex (15) located in the main tank (2) under the peripheral chute (13).
  • the main tank (2) has a height at least twice its diameter. According to the present invention, the main tank (2) advantageously has a conical bottom.
  • the cap (9, 10, 11) is spherical, ovoid or polygonal in shape.
  • the outlet orifice (12) is adjustable in height and is of spherical, ovoid or polygonal shape.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of a device according to the present invention for the purification of waste water.
  • the subject of the present invention is the use of a device according to the present invention as a fermenter to create the biomass necessary for the purification of waste water of specific composition.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a reactor (1) for treating wastewater, equipped of a first embodiment of a ventilation and stirring device according to the invention, which comprises a main tank (2) fitted with a pump central (7) at the bottom of the tank, itself provided with a central duct opening out under the upper cap (1 1); a cylindrical lateral chimney (3) provided with an agitator (6); a blower air injection system (14); wherein said chimney (3) is external to said tank (2),
  • Figure 2 is a top view of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of a water treatment reactor (1) waste, equipped with a second embodiment of a ventilation and stirring device according to the invention, which comprises a main tank (2) provided with a set of central pumps (7), at the bottom of the tank, provided with conduits; a set of three cylindrical lateral chimneys (3) each provided with an agitator (6); in which said chimneys (3) are internal to said
  • the device according to the present invention makes it possible to treat types of urban or industrial wastewater, of very diverse natures, such as greasy residues, whey, wine-making effluents, vegetable water, animal manure, water white water, green water, brown water, residues from septic tanks, excess biological sludge, water from laundries, dyers as well as any water whose COD / BOD 5 ratio is less than 5.
  • the incoming effluent can arrive by gravity or by pumping at the top of the tank (2), advantageously on the upper cap (11) of the reactor, or next to said upper cap on the agitator (6), and thus benefits from a first oxygenation by flow on the cap or by successive flow on each of the caps (9, 10, 11).
  • the incoming effluent can also arrive from the bottom of the device by a pressure injection at the bottom of the main tank (2).
  • the reactor (1) according to the present invention can be buried or not, and isolated or not.
  • the tank (2) is preferably made of polyester.
  • cylindrical is meant in the sense of the present invention a surface generated by a generator which moves parallel to a fixed direction based on a fixed plane curve whose plane intersects the given direction.
  • the main tank (2), as well as the side chimney (3) can be in different forms, such as the square, ovoid shape, etc.
  • the cylindrical lateral chimney (3) extends over at least part of said tank (2) and can be external (Figure 1) or internal ( Figure 3) to said tank.
  • the lateral chimney is advantageously attached to, or at some distance from, the edge of said main tank (2), along a common generator, and communicates in the upper part (4) and in the lower part (5) with the latter.
  • the chimney (3) is preferably located less than two meters from said tank.
  • the number of side chimneys (3) varies depending on the diameter and height of the tank (2).
  • the reactor (1) comprising a tank (2) having a diameter between 8 and 12 meters, and a height of 6 meters, comprises a set of three lateral chimneys (3) ( Figures 3, 4).
  • the ratio of chimney diameter (3) to tank diameter (2) depends on the pressure drop calculation.
  • the upper communication (4) allowing the passage of the liquid from the run-off assembly (9, 10, 11) to the lateral chimney (3), is produced by the peripheral chute (13).
  • the low communication (5) allowing the passage of the liquid from the lateral chimney (3) to the main tank (2), is produced by an opening which has a variable angle relative to the horizontal.
  • the low communication (5) is oriented at an angle of 0 to 45 ° relative to the horizontal, in order to promote better mixing of the bottom of the tank (2) and to limit dead zones.
  • an agitator (6) In the lateral chimney (3) - or in each lateral chimney (3) when there are several - is fixed, thanks to a suitable support, an agitator (6) allowing a significant hydraulic flow from 5 to 100 times the volume of the tank (2) by the hour.
  • the agitator (6) is arranged to the upper end (4) of said chimney (3).
  • the agitator (6) is arranged in the upper third of said chimney (3).
  • the agitator (6) and its support are commercially available.
  • the agitator according to the present invention is preferably a horizontal flow agitator, even more preferably at high flow rate.
  • the peripheral chute (13) surrounds an upper central chimney (8) for raising, in the upper part of the main tank (2).
  • the peripheral trough (13) defines an annular or toric cavity which extends under the lower part (9) of the run-off assembly and which surrounds said upper central chimney (8).
  • the chimney (8) supports a runoff assembly comprising at least one cap (9, 10, 11).
  • the height of the upper central chimney (8) is linked to the total head height imparted by the characteristics of the agitator (6).
  • the diameter of the upper central chimney (8) is linked to the diameter of the lateral chimney (3) due to the pressure losses.
  • the agitator (6) arranged in the upper part of the lateral chimney (3) of the reactor (1), makes it possible to cause a downward movement in the lateral chimney (3), then upward in the main tank (2) and in the upper central chimney (8), thus ensuring the mixing of the effluent to be treated.
  • the water coming from the main tank (2) and rising through the upper central chimney (8) trickles onto the base cap (9), absorbing atmospheric oxygen, and then flows into the peripheral chute (13), to then be entrained in the downward flow of the lateral chimney (3).
  • the intermediate (10) and upper (11) caps when present in the device according to the present invention, also allow water to run off when the effluent arrives from the top of the tank (2 ) and / or during the operation of the pumping assembly (7).
  • the runoff assembly comprising at least one cap (9, 10, 11), allows the effluent to be oxygenated and purified.
  • the absorbed air is used to carry out, thanks to oxygen, the biological degradation of the organic matter contained in the waste water.
  • FIG. 1 the hydraulic flow of the liquid is shown diagrammatically in the reactor (1) during operation of the agitator (6) and the central pump (7).
  • the run-off assembly comprises a lower cap (9), an intermediate cap (10), and an upper cap (11).
  • the lower cap (9) is used to spread the upward flow, coming from the upper central chimney (8), over the entire surface of the cap. The sheet of water is thus homogeneous and uniformly distributed over the whole of this surface.
  • the intermediate cap (10) serves as a distributor of the flow discharged by the central pump (7) which is located at the bottom of the tank.
  • the upper cap (1 1) is used to divide the flow of water pumped by the pump (7) and to project it onto the intermediate cap (10), thus causing a cascade of water on all three caps , and thus allowing good aeration of the water to be treated.
  • the upper cap (11) can also be used to distribute the effluent entering the treatment reactor when the effluent is directly injected by gravity or by pumping onto this cap.
  • the peripheral trough (13) defines a toric cavity, under the lower part (9) of the run-off assembly, around the upper central chimney (8), according to a particular embodiment of the present invention, said cavity allows , during water run-off, to trap the mosses which can form during the treatment of certain types of effluents such as wine-making effluents, greasy effluents, detergents and vegetable water, and which come to lodge in said cavity (13).
  • the foams are therefore trapped under the lower cap (9), unable to escape and spread out of the reactor, and are thus destroyed and broken by the cascade of water formed by the runoff on the cap (9).
  • the aeration of the liquid can be increased by the use of means (14) for injecting air into the lateral chimney (3), below the agitator (6), advantageously at a short distance. of this agitator.
  • a venturi system can for example be used to allow the direct introduction of atmospheric air into the side stack, thereby increasing the absorption of oxygen by the moving liquid.
  • the introduction of air by a compressor or blower, or by a system for injecting liquid oxygen into the downward flow of the liquid can also be used with or without a venturi.
  • these means (14) for injecting air into the lateral chimney (3) are used to treat highly charged effluents, which consume oxygen.
  • the device can include antivortexes (15) located in the main tank (2), under the peripheral chute (13), in order to slow down the hydraulic movement of rotation of the liquid.
  • the number of antivortex varies according to the diameter of the tank and is advantageously between 2 and 30.
  • the bottom of the main tank (2) has a variable angle depending on the diameter of the tank.
  • the bottom can be conical, or flat and the angle preferably varies from 10 to 70 ° relative to the ground. It is advantageous to use a conical bottom in the context of the present invention to avoid the deposit of residues at the bottom of the tank (2), in the dead zones of this tank, and thus to entrain these residues in the upward flow of the liquid. in order to be treated.
  • the lateral chimney (3) advantageously extends to the base of the cone of the tank (2).
  • One or more pumping means (7) are arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the main tank (2), in the center of said tank (2).
  • the pumping means (s) (7) are fixed, in the center, to the bottom of the tank (2).
  • the number of pumping means (7) varies depending on the diameter of the tank.
  • the pumping means comprises a pump provided with a conduit which opens towards the runoff assembly (9, 10, 11), advantageously under the upper cap (1 1), and above the intermediate cap (10).
  • the pumping means (7) essentially ensures a double function within the reactor (1).
  • the pumping means (s) (7) firstly have a mission of lifting the decantates and / or evacuating them which come to settle at the bottom of the tank (2).
  • the pumping means (7) thus has the role of homogenizing the fluid, making it possible to suspend any settling matter.
  • a conical bottom is used to more easily collect and entrain decantable materials and heavy residues in the flow of liquid circulating in the reactor.
  • the pumping means (7) plays the important role of aeration and stirring of the liquid to be treated by the runoff of said liquid on the intermediate (10) and lower (9) caps, when the reactor (1) is used.
  • fermenter to create the biomass necessary, by the contribution of specialized strains, for the purification of used water, the characteristics of which are known, but having significant variations in flow (for example the effluents loaded such as the effluents viti winemaking, two thirds of which is discharged over six weeks during the year.
  • an outlet orifice (12) is provided, allowing the evacuation of the effluent present in the reactor towards a clarifier, a purification station or an outlet
  • the outlet orifice (12) is closable and adjustable to allow control of the outgoing flow and the thickness of the This orifice (12) makes it possible to obtain, during evacuation, a weak flow compared to the general flow of circulation of the liquid in the reactor.
  • the orifice (12) for evacuation of the effluents thus allows total freedom sequencing works ment of the agitator (6), the operation of said agitator being directly linked to the flow of effluent entering the reactor. Indeed, the evacuation is linked to the length of the weir.
  • the length of the circumference of this orifice is very small compared to the length of the cap (9) at the orifice, which implies a very low flow rate during the evacuation of the liquid from the reactor.
  • Sequencing therefore makes it possible to alternate between nitrification and denitrification phases without disturbing the hydraulic system of the installation.
  • the outlet orifice (12) can have any shape, such as the spherical, ovoid or polygonal shape (square, rectangle, etc.), and is of variable height relative to the surface of the lower cap (9) on which it is arranged.
  • the height of the orifice can thus be adjusted relative to the surface of the cap, advantageously by sliding in a concentric tube, or in a tube of larger section provided with a seal of the lip or O-ring type.
  • the device according to the present invention can be used to purify wastewater of very diverse nature, and can also be used as a fermenter to create the biomass necessary for the purification of wastewater of specific composition, such as '' a charged effluent, with seasonal flow variation.
  • the runoff assembly comprises a set of at least three caps: a lower cap (9), an intermediate cap (10), and an upper cap (1 1).
  • the device according to the present invention When the device according to the present invention is used as a fermenter, in order to efficiently treat, and from the start of an activity, a polluted effluent, it is necessary to seed this effluent with specific bacteria. Thus, we typically proceed as follows:
  • the reactor initially empty or containing a small volume of effluent, is supplied with an inoculum of bacteria and a nutritional medium, and the whole is raised using the central bottom pump and its conduit (7) , then aerated and stirred by runoff on all the caps (9), (10) and (1 1).
  • the biomass is then extended by adding nutrient and possibly an inoculum to the reactor.
  • the bacterial population grows throughout the reactor as the feed, which is perfectly controlled, during this ramp-up which lasts two to three weeks, depending on the type of bacteria to develop.
  • the device according to the present invention can also be used when the reactor is already filled with a biomass from which the microbiological components have derived over time. This may be the case when the biomass has already been maintained by moderate ventilation, during the cyclic operation of the pumping means (7) and / or of a means (14) for injecting air into the lateral chimney (3 ). Two to three weeks before the arrival of a pollutant load and / or a maximum effluent flow, seeding with new bacteria is then possible. If a new seeding is not carried out at this stage, the hydraulic regime will gradually be established in the reactor to achieve optimal purification.
  • the device according to the present invention can also be used to purify waste water of very diverse nature, as soon as the level of submersion of the outlet orifice (12) is reached.
  • the overflow is caused by the hydraulic flow, descending in the lateral chimney (3) and ascending in the main tank (2), which is created by the activation of the agitator (6).
  • the upward flow is then distributed uniformly over the cap (9) to form a water layer with a very large water-air contact surface.
  • the fluid falls in cascade, in the peripheral trough (13) and opens at the high end (4) of the lateral chimney (3).
  • the oxygen in the air absorbed on the surface of the lower cap (9), and when falling towards the chute (13), is sufficient to create the biomass necessary for the biological degradation of the organic matter contained in the effluent to be treated.
  • the greater the height of the tank (2) the greater the absorption of air and therefore of oxygen, the absorption of air being directly linked to temperature and pressure.
  • a device comprising a main tank (2) having a diameter of 2.10 m and a height of 4.50 m, an lateral side chimney (3) having a diameter of 0.60 m and a height of 3.50 m, an upper central chimney (8) having a diameter of 0.72 m, a lower cap (9) having a diameter of 1.50 m, an intermediate cap (10) having a diameter of 1.05 m , an upper cap (11) having a diameter of 0.40 m, an agitator (6) of 1.5 kW, and a pump (7), provided with a conduit, of 0.75 kW, was used to purify a living effluent - wine, whose starting COD was from 3000 to 8000 mg / liter and whose pH was from 5 to 6. The flow used was from 3 to 6 m / day. After three weeks of operation without seeding, the COD of the outlet effluent was between 150 and 300 mg / 1.

Abstract

The invention concerns a device for aerating (14, 10, 9) and mixing (6) waste water in a treatment reactor (1). The invention also concerns the use of such a device for purifying wastewater, and as fermenting reactor to produce the biomass required for purifying wastewater of specific composition.

Description

Dispositif d'aération et de brassage d'eaux usées dans un réacteur de traitement, son utilisation pour l'épuration des eaux usées et son utilisation en tant que fermenteur Device for aerating and mixing waste water in a treatment reactor, its use for purifying waste water and its use as a fermenter
La présente invention concerne le domaine technique général du traitement des eaux usées urbaines et industrielles.The present invention relates to the general technical field of urban and industrial wastewater treatment.
En particulier, la présente invention concerne un dispositif d'aération et de brassage d'eaux usées dans un réacteur de traitement. L'invention a également pour objet l'utilisation d'un tel dispositif pour l'épuration des eaux usées, ainsi que l'utilisation d'un tel dispositif en tant que fermenteur pour créer la biomasse nécessaire à l'épuration d'une eau usée de composition spécifique.In particular, the present invention relates to a device for aeration and mixing of waste water in a treatment reactor. The invention also relates to the use of such a device for the purification of waste water, as well as the use of such a device as a fermenter to create the biomass necessary for the purification of water. worn with specific composition.
Les eaux usées industrielles et urbaines doivent être traitées et dépolluées dans des stations d'épuration avant de pouvoir être rejetées dans le milieu naturel. Afin de se conformer aux dispositions réglementaires et environnementales actuelles et par anticipation sur celles à venir, la réduction des volumes de sous-produits de traitement des eaux constitue l'un des grands défis à relever dans le domaine du traitement des eaux.Industrial and urban wastewater must be treated and decontaminated in treatment plants before it can be discharged into the natural environment. In order to comply with current regulatory and environmental provisions and in anticipation of those to come, reducing the volumes of water treatment by-products constitutes one of the major challenges to be met in the field of water treatment.
Les traitements biologiques ont beaucoup été utilisés ces derniers temps pour éliminer les déchets organiques contenus dans les eaux usées, tels que les sucres, les matières fécales, les graisses, afin de se conformer aux exigences des normes de rejet des effluents en vigueur. Les procédés d'épuration des eaux résiduaires par boues activées, en vue d'éliminer à la fois les pollutions d'origine carbonée et celles d'origine azotée selon un processus d'oxydation et parfois de nitrification/dénitrification en faisant séjourner l'eau dans un bassin de boue activée avant d'être soumise à une clarification, s'avèrent particulièrement intéressants puisqu'ils permettent d'éliminer cette pollution par création de biomasse.Biological treatments have been used a lot in recent times to remove organic waste from wastewater, such as sugars, feces, fats, in order to comply with the requirements of effluent discharge standards in force. Wastewater treatment processes using activated sludge, with a view to eliminating both carbon and nitrogen pollution according to an oxidation and sometimes nitrification / denitrification process by making the water stay in a basin of activated sludge before being subjected to a clarification, prove to be particularly interesting since they make it possible to eliminate this pollution by creation of biomass.
De nombreux dispositifs et installations de traitement d'eaux résiduaires par voie biologique ont ainsi été développés. Le brevet FR 2 721 229 décrit ainsi un dispositif d'aération et de brassage d'un liquide, tel que les effluents graisseux extraits des effluents urbains d'eaux usées, comprenant notamment une cheminée verticale centrale, un arbre vertical entraîné en rotation disposé à l'intérieur de la cheminée, une hélice d'aspiration du liquide solidaire en rotation avec l'arbre, des moyens de brassage du liquide, solidaires en rotation avec l'arbre, constitués par des organes filiformes, et des moyens d'injection d'un gaz sous pression dans la cheminée. Le brevet FR 2 758 094 décrit quant à lui un dispositif d'aération et de brassage d'un liquide, tel que les effluents graisseux extraits des effluents urbains d'eaux usées, et d'élimination de la mousse dans une cuve de traitement dudit liquide.Numerous devices and installations for treating wastewater by biological means have thus been developed. Patent FR 2 721 229 thus describes a device for aeration and stirring of a liquid, such as greasy effluents extracted from urban wastewater effluents, comprising in particular a central vertical chimney, a vertical shaft driven in rotation disposed at inside the chimney, a liquid suction helix rotating with the shaft, means for stirring of the liquid, integral in rotation with the shaft, constituted by filiform bodies, and means for injecting a gas under pressure into the chimney. Patent FR 2 758 094 describes a device for aerating and mixing a liquid, such as greasy effluents extracted from urban effluents of wastewater, and for eliminating foam in a treatment tank of said liquid.
Néanmoins, de tels dispositifs présentent plusieurs inconvénients car ils ne permettent pas bien souvent de traiter tous les types d'eaux usées, et notamment les effluents très chargés et très polluants. En outre, les dispositifs de l'art antérieur ne permettent pas de résoudre certains problèmes pouvant se poser lors du traitement des eaux usées urbaines ou industrielles par voie biologique.However, such devices have several drawbacks because they do not often make it possible to treat all types of wastewater, and in particular highly charged and very polluting effluents. In addition, the devices of the prior art do not make it possible to solve certain problems which may arise during the treatment of urban or industrial wastewater by biological means.
Un premier problème lié au traitement et à l'épuration d'eaux usées de natures très diverses est l'évacuation des matières lourdes qui viennent se déposer au fond du réacteur de traitement et qui s'avèrent ainsi difficiles à éliminer.A first problem related to the treatment and purification of wastewater of very different natures is the evacuation of heavy materials which come to settle at the bottom of the treatment reactor and which thus prove to be difficult to eliminate.
Un second problème réside dans le fait que l'épuration des effluents chargés, tels que les effluents viti-vinicoles, dont les caractéristiques sont connues, mais qui présentent des variations importantes de débit en fonction notamment des saisons, nécessite la création d'une biomasse spécifique par l'apport de souches spécialisées.A second problem resides in the fact that the purification of charged effluents, such as wine-making effluents, the characteristics of which are known, but which exhibit significant variations in flow rate depending in particular on the seasons, requires the creation of a biomass specific by providing specialized strains.
Un troisième problème qu'il est parfois nécessaire de résoudre lors de l'épuration des eaux usées, telles que les eaux résiduaires du vin ou les effluents graisseux extraits des eaux usées urbaines, est la formation de mousse qui empêche une bonne oxygénation du liquide traité. Or, les dispositifs de l'art antérieur pour éliminer les mousses tels que ceux décrits dans les brevets FR 2 758 094 ou FR 2 750 890 nécessitent des moyens mécaniques spécifiques pour casser la mousse et l'entraîner en la mélangeant à la biomasse du réacteur. Enfin, les dispositifs de l'art antérieur nécessitent l'utilisation de deux cuves distinctes pour effectuer le processus de nitrification/dénitrification utilisé pour dépolluer certains types d'eaux usées.A third problem which it is sometimes necessary to solve during the purification of waste water, such as waste water from wine or greasy effluents extracted from urban waste water, is the formation of foam which prevents good oxygenation of the treated liquid. . However, the devices of the prior art for eliminating foam such as those described in patents FR 2 758 094 or FR 2 750 890 require specific mechanical means to break the foam and entrain it by mixing it with the biomass of the reactor. . Finally, the devices of the prior art require the use of two separate tanks to carry out the nitrification / denitrification process used to depollute certain types of wastewater.
Par conséquent, il existait ainsi un besoin, notamment dans le domaine du traitement des eaux par voie biologique, de mettre au point un dispositif d'aération et de brassage d'eaux usées dans un réacteur ne présentant pas les inconvénients des dispositifs de l'art antérieur et permettant de résoudre les différents problèmes évoqués ci-dessus. La présente invention vient combler ce besoin. La Demanderesse a ainsi découvert un nouveau dispositif d'aération et de brassage d'eaux usées, permettant de traiter efficacement des eaux usées de natures très diverses, notamment des effluents très polluants tels que les margines, dans un réacteur compact.Consequently, there was thus a need, in particular in the field of biological water treatment, to develop a device for aeration and mixing of waste water in a reactor which does not have the drawbacks of the devices of the prior art and making it possible to solve the various problems mentioned above. The present invention fulfills this need. The Applicant has thus discovered a new device for aeration and mixing of waste water, making it possible to efficiently treat waste water of very different natures, in particular highly polluting effluents such as vegetable water, in a compact reactor.
Le dispositif selon la présente invention, qui comprend notamment une cuve principale, au moins une cheminée latérale pourvue d'un agitateur, une cheminée centrale supérieure de remontée, et un ensemble d'au moins une calotte, permet d'assurer la circulation de l'effluent au sein de la cuve, ainsi que l'absorption d'oxygène par ruissellement sur l'ensemble de calotte(s), et permet en outre de mettre en suspension les matières lourdes qui viennent se déposer en fond de cuve lors de la circulation du liquide dans la cuve, grâce à au moins un ensemble de pompage central agencé au voisinage du fond de la cuve.The device according to the present invention, which in particular comprises a main tank, at least one lateral chimney provided with an agitator, an upper central chimney for raising, and a set of at least one cap, makes it possible to ensure the circulation of the effluent within the tank, as well as the absorption of oxygen by trickling over the cap assembly (s), and also makes it possible to suspend the heavy materials which come to settle at the bottom of the tank during the circulation of the liquid in the tank, thanks to at least one central pumping assembly arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the tank.
Le dispositif objet de la présente invention permet également de résoudre le problème d'élimination des mousses, qui se pose lors du traitement de certains types d'eaux usées, par l'utilisation d'une cavité annulaire périphérique où vient se loger la mousse éventuellement créée, qui est ensuite cassée par la cascade d'eau qui vient se projeter sur elle, sans avoir besoin d'avoir recours à un moyen mécanique complémentaire. Le dispositif objet de la présente invention permet également d'éviter l'utilisation de deux cuves distinctes pour effectuer le processus de nitrification/dénitrification utilisé pour dépolluer certains types d'eaux usées, le dispositif comprenant un orifice d'évacuation des effluents qui permet une totale liberté de séquençage de fonctionnement du réacteur sans perturber le régime hydraulique de l'installation. En outre, cet orifice présente un grand avantage par rapport aux dispositifs de l'art antérieur, tels que ceux décrits dans les brevets FR 2 758 094 et FR 2 750 890, qui comprennent des moyens de régulation du niveau du liquide, car l'orifice de sortie de la présente invention permet d'obtenir lors de l'évacuation, contrairement aux dispositifs de l'art antérieur, un flux faible par rapport au flux général de circulation du liquide dans le réacteur.The device which is the subject of the present invention also makes it possible to solve the problem of eliminating foam, which arises during the treatment of certain types of waste water, by the use of a peripheral annular cavity where the foam is possibly housed. created, which is then broken by the cascade of water which comes to project on it, without needing to have recourse to a complementary mechanical means. The device which is the subject of the present invention also makes it possible to avoid the use of two separate tanks for carrying out the nitrification / denitrification process used to depollute certain types of waste water, the device comprising an effluent discharge orifice which allows a total freedom in reactor operating sequencing without disturbing the hydraulic system of the installation. In addition, this orifice has a great advantage compared to the devices of the prior art, such as those described in the patents FR 2 758 094 and FR 2 750 890, which include means for regulating the level of the liquid, because the outlet orifice of the present invention allows to obtain during evacuation, unlike the devices of the prior art, a low flow compared to the general flow of circulation of the liquid in the reactor.
Enfin, le dispositif objet de la présente invention permet également d'assurer, si besoin est, le rôle de fermenteur et de créer ainsi, par l'apport de souches spécialisées, une biomasse spécifique nécessaire pour l'épuration de certains effluents chargés, tels que les effluents viti-vinicoles.Finally, the device which is the subject of the present invention also makes it possible to ensure, if necessary, the role of fermenter and thus to create, by the contribution of specialized strains, a specific biomass necessary for the purification of certain charged effluents, such as wine-making effluents.
La présente invention a ainsi pour objet un dispositif d'aération et de brassage d'eaux usées dans un réacteur (1) de traitement, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : une cuve principale cylindrique (2) d'axe vertical, au moins une cheminée latérale cylindrique (3) d'axe vertical, s'étendant sur au moins une partie de la hauteur de ladite cuve (2), extérieure ou intérieure à ladite cuve (2), ouverte à ses deux extrémités (4,5) et ménageant avec le bas et le haut de ladite cuve (2) un passage permettant la circulation de l'eau, au moins un agitateur (6) agencé en partie haute de ladite cheminée latérale (3), une goulotte périphérique (13) définissant une cheminée centrale supérieure (8) de remontée située en haut de la cuve (2), ladite goulotte périphérique (13) débouchant à l'extrémité supérieure (4) de ladite cheminée latérale (3), - un ensemble de ruissellement comprenant au moins une calotte (9, 10, 1 1), conçue pour permettre le ruissellement de l'eau provenant de la cheminée centrale supérieure (8) vers la goulotte périphérique (13), au moins un ensemble de pompage central (7), agencé au voisinage du fond de la cuve (2), refoulant l'eau au-dessus de l'extrémité supérieure de la cheminée centrale supérieure (8), vers l'ensemble de ruissellement (9, 10, 11), et un orifice de sortie (12) conçu pour permettre le contrôle du débit sortant, ménagé dans la partie inférieure (9) dudit ensemble de ruissellement.The present invention thus relates to a device for aeration and mixing of waste water in a reactor (1) for treatment, characterized in that it comprises: a main cylindrical tank (2) with a vertical axis, at least a cylindrical lateral chimney (3) with vertical axis, extending over at least part of the height of said tank (2), external or internal to said tank (2), open at its two ends (4,5) and providing with the bottom and the top of said tank (2) a passage allowing the circulation of water, at least one agitator (6) arranged in the upper part of said lateral chimney (3), a peripheral chute (13) defining an upper central chimney (8) for raising located at the top of the tank (2), said peripheral chute (13) opening at the upper end (4) of said lateral chimney (3), - a runoff assembly comprising at least a cap (9, 10, 1 1), designed to allow the runoff of the water from the upper central chimney (8) to the peripheral chute (13), at least one central pumping assembly (7), arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the tank (2), pumping the water above the 'upper end of the upper central chimney (8), towards the run-off assembly (9, 10, 11), and an outlet (12) designed to allow the control of the outgoing flow, formed in the lower part (9 ) of said runoff assembly.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, la goulotte périphérique (13) définit une cavité annulaire entre la cheminée centrale supérieure (8) et la partie inférieure (9) de l'ensemble de ruissellement (9, 10, 1 1).In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the peripheral trough (13) defines an annular cavity between the upper central chimney (8) and the lower part (9) of the run-off assembly (9, 10, 1 1) .
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, l'ensemble de pompage (7) comporte une pompe munie d'un conduit débouchant au-dessus de l'extrémité supérieure de la cheminée centrale supérieure (8), vers l'ensemble de ruissellement (9, 10, 11).In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the pumping assembly (7) comprises a pump provided with a conduit opening above the upper end of the upper central chimney (8), towards the assembly of runoff (9, 10, 11).
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, l'ensemble de ruissellement comprend une calotte inférieure (9), une calotte intermédiaire (10), et une calotte supérieure (1 1). Avantageusement selon la présente invention, l'ensemble de pompage central (7) refoule l'eau sous la calotte supérieure (11). De manière avantageuse également selon la présente invention, l'orifice de sortie (12) est ménagé dans la calotte inférieure (9). Avantageusement selon la présente invention, le dispositif comprend en outre des moyens (14) d'injection d'air dans la cheminée latérale (3) au-dessous de l'agitateur (6). De façon encore plus avantageuse selon la présente invention, les moyens (14) sont choisis dans le groupe constitué par un système venturi, un compresseur et un système d'injection d'oxygène liquide. Avantageusement selon la présente invention, le dispositif comprend en outre au moins un antivortex (15) situé dans la cuve principale (2) sous la goulotte périphérique (13).In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the run-off assembly comprises a lower cap (9), an intermediate cap (10), and an upper cap (1 1). Advantageously according to the present invention, the central pumping assembly (7) discharges the water under the upper cap (11). Advantageously also according to the present invention, the outlet orifice (12) is formed in the lower cap (9). Advantageously according to the present invention, the device further comprises means (14) for injecting air into the lateral chimney (3) below the agitator (6). Even more advantageously according to the present invention, the means (14) are chosen from the group consisting of a venturi system, a compressor and a liquid oxygen injection system. Advantageously according to the present invention, the device further comprises at least one antivortex (15) located in the main tank (2) under the peripheral chute (13).
Dans un exemple de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, la cuve principale (2) présente une hauteur au moins deux fois supérieure à son diamètre. La cuve principale (2) a avantageusement selon la présente invention un fond conique.In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the main tank (2) has a height at least twice its diameter. According to the present invention, the main tank (2) advantageously has a conical bottom.
Selon une caractéristique particulière de la présente invention, la calotte (9, 10, 11) est de forme sphérique, ovoïde ou polygonale.According to a particular characteristic of the present invention, the cap (9, 10, 11) is spherical, ovoid or polygonal in shape.
Avantageusement selon la présente invention, l'orifice de sortie (12) est réglable en hauteur et est de forme sphérique, ovoïde ou polygonale.Advantageously according to the present invention, the outlet orifice (12) is adjustable in height and is of spherical, ovoid or polygonal shape.
La présente invention a également pour objet l'utilisation d'un dispositif selon la présente invention pour l'épuration des eaux usées.The present invention also relates to the use of a device according to the present invention for the purification of waste water.
Enfin, la présente invention a pour objet l'utilisation d'un dispositif selon la présente invention en tant que fermenteur pour créer la biomasse nécessaire à l'épuration d'une eau usée de composition spécifique.Finally, the subject of the present invention is the use of a device according to the present invention as a fermenter to create the biomass necessary for the purification of waste water of specific composition.
Divers objets et avantages de la présente invention deviendront apparents pour l'homme du métier par le biais de références aux dessins illustratifs suivants : la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un réacteur (1) de traitement d'eaux usées, équipé d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif d'aération et de brassage selon l'invention, qui comprend une cuve principale (2) munie d'une pompe centrale (7) en fond de cuve, elle-même munie d'un conduit central débouchant sous la calotte supérieure (1 1) ; une cheminée latérale cylindrique (3) munie d'un agitateur (6) ; un système d'injection d'air par soufflante (14) ; dans lequel ladite cheminée (3) est extérieure à ladite cuve (2), la figure 2 est une vue de dessus de la figure 1 , la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un réacteur (1) de traitement d'eaux usées, équipé d'un second mode de réalisation d'un dispositif d'aération et de brassage selon l'invention, qui comprend une cuve principale (2) munie d'un ensemble de pompes centrales (7), en fond de cuve, munies de conduits ; un ensemble de trois cheminées latérales cylindriques (3) munies chacune d'un agitateur (6) ; dans lequel lesdites cheminées (3) sont intérieures à ladite cuve (2), la figure 4 est une vue de dessus de la figure 2.Various objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to a person skilled in the art by way of references to the following illustrative drawings: FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a reactor (1) for treating wastewater, equipped of a first embodiment of a ventilation and stirring device according to the invention, which comprises a main tank (2) fitted with a pump central (7) at the bottom of the tank, itself provided with a central duct opening out under the upper cap (1 1); a cylindrical lateral chimney (3) provided with an agitator (6); a blower air injection system (14); wherein said chimney (3) is external to said tank (2), Figure 2 is a top view of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of a water treatment reactor (1) waste, equipped with a second embodiment of a ventilation and stirring device according to the invention, which comprises a main tank (2) provided with a set of central pumps (7), at the bottom of the tank, provided with conduits; a set of three cylindrical lateral chimneys (3) each provided with an agitator (6); in which said chimneys (3) are internal to said tank (2), FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 2.
Le dispositif selon la présente invention permet de traiter des types d'eaux usées urbaines ou industrielles, de natures très diverses, telles que les résidus graisseux, le lactosérum, les effluents viti-vinicoles, les margines, les lisiers d'animaux, les eaux blanches, les eaux vertes, les eaux brunes, les résidus de fosses septiques, les boues biologiques en excès, les eaux de blanchisseries, de teintureries ainsi que toute eau dont le rapport DCO/DBO5 est inférieur à 5. Dans le dispositif selon la présente invention, l'effluent entrant peut arriver par gravité ou par pompage en haut de la cuve (2), avantageusement sur la calotte supérieure (11) du réacteur, ou à côté de ladite calotte supérieure sur l'agitateur (6), et bénéficie ainsi d'une première oxygénation par écoulement sur la calotte ou par écoulement successif sur chacune des calottes (9, 10, 11). L'effluent entrant peut également arriver par le bas du dispositif par une injection sous pression au fond de la cuve principale (2).The device according to the present invention makes it possible to treat types of urban or industrial wastewater, of very diverse natures, such as greasy residues, whey, wine-making effluents, vegetable water, animal manure, water white water, green water, brown water, residues from septic tanks, excess biological sludge, water from laundries, dyers as well as any water whose COD / BOD 5 ratio is less than 5. In the device according to the present invention, the incoming effluent can arrive by gravity or by pumping at the top of the tank (2), advantageously on the upper cap (11) of the reactor, or next to said upper cap on the agitator (6), and thus benefits from a first oxygenation by flow on the cap or by successive flow on each of the caps (9, 10, 11). The incoming effluent can also arrive from the bottom of the device by a pressure injection at the bottom of the main tank (2).
Le réacteur (1) selon la présente invention peut être enterré ou non, et isolé ou non. La cuve (2) est de préférence en polyester.The reactor (1) according to the present invention can be buried or not, and isolated or not. The tank (2) is preferably made of polyester.
Par le terme de "cylindrique", on entend au sens de la présente invention une surface engendrée par une génératrice qui se déplace parallèlement à une direction fixe en s'appuyant sur une courbe plane fixe dont le plan coupe la direction donnée. Ainsi, la cuve principale (2), ainsi que la cheminée latérale (3) peuvent se présenter sous différentes formes, telles que la forme carrée, ovoïde,....By the term "cylindrical" is meant in the sense of the present invention a surface generated by a generator which moves parallel to a fixed direction based on a fixed plane curve whose plane intersects the given direction. So, the main tank (2), as well as the side chimney (3) can be in different forms, such as the square, ovoid shape, etc.
La cheminée latérale cylindrique (3) selon la présente invention s'étend sur au moins une partie de ladite cuve (2) et peut être extérieure (figure 1) ou intérieure (figure 3) à ladite cuve. La cheminée latérale est avantageusement accolée au, ou à quelque distance du, bord de ladite cuve principale (2), le long d'une génératrice commune, et communique en partie haute (4) et en partie basse (5) avec celle-ci. Lorsque la cheminée (3) est à quelque distance de la cuve (2), la cheminée se trouve de préférence à moins de deux mètres de ladite cuve. Le nombre de cheminées latérales (3) varie en fonction du diamètre et de la hauteur de la cuve (2). Ainsi, avantageusement selon la présente invention, si la cuve (2) a un diamètre et une hauteur inférieurs à 6 mètres, une seule cheminée (3) peut suffire et si la cuve (2) a un diamètre supérieur à 6 mètres et une hauteur d'environ 6 mètres, le nombre de cheminées (3) dépend alors du volume de celle-ci. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier selon la présente invention, le réacteur (1), comportant une cuve (2) ayant un diamètre compris entre 8 et 12 mètres, et une hauteur de 6 mètres, comprend un ensemble de trois cheminées latérales (3) (Figures 3, 4). Typiquement selon la présente invention, le ratio diamètre cheminée (3) sur diamètre cuve (2) dépend du calcul de perte de charge. La communication haute (4), permettant le passage du liquide de l'ensemble de ruissellement (9, 10, 1 1) vers la cheminée latérale (3), est réalisée par la goulotte périphérique (13).The cylindrical lateral chimney (3) according to the present invention extends over at least part of said tank (2) and can be external (Figure 1) or internal (Figure 3) to said tank. The lateral chimney is advantageously attached to, or at some distance from, the edge of said main tank (2), along a common generator, and communicates in the upper part (4) and in the lower part (5) with the latter. . When the chimney (3) is some distance from the tank (2), the chimney is preferably located less than two meters from said tank. The number of side chimneys (3) varies depending on the diameter and height of the tank (2). Thus, advantageously according to the present invention, if the tank (2) has a diameter and a height less than 6 meters, a single chimney (3) may suffice and if the tank (2) has a diameter greater than 6 meters and a height about 6 meters, the number of chimneys (3) then depends on the volume thereof. In a particular embodiment according to the present invention, the reactor (1), comprising a tank (2) having a diameter between 8 and 12 meters, and a height of 6 meters, comprises a set of three lateral chimneys (3) (Figures 3, 4). Typically according to the present invention, the ratio of chimney diameter (3) to tank diameter (2) depends on the pressure drop calculation. The upper communication (4), allowing the passage of the liquid from the run-off assembly (9, 10, 11) to the lateral chimney (3), is produced by the peripheral chute (13).
La communication basse (5), permettant le passage du liquide de la cheminée latérale (3) à la cuve principale (2), est réalisée par une ouverture qui a un angle variable par rapport à l'horizontale. Avantageusement selon la présente invention, la communication basse (5) est orientée selon un angle de 0 à 45° par rapport à l'horizontale, afin de favoriser un meilleur brassage du fond de la cuve (2) et de limiter les zones mortes.The low communication (5), allowing the passage of the liquid from the lateral chimney (3) to the main tank (2), is produced by an opening which has a variable angle relative to the horizontal. Advantageously according to the present invention, the low communication (5) is oriented at an angle of 0 to 45 ° relative to the horizontal, in order to promote better mixing of the bottom of the tank (2) and to limit dead zones.
Dans la cheminée latérale (3) - ou dans chaque cheminée latérale (3) quand il y en a plusieurs - est fixé, grâce à un support adapté, un agitateur (6) permettant un flux hydraulique important de 5 à 100 fois le volume de la cuve (2) à l'heure. Selon un mode de réalisation particulier selon la présente invention, l'agitateur (6) est agencé à l'extrémité supérieure (4) de ladite cheminée (3). Selon un autre mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, l'agitateur (6) est agencé dans le tiers supérieur de ladite cheminée (3). L'agitateur (6) et son support sont disponibles commercialement. L'agitateur selon la présente invention est de préférence un agitateur à flux horizontal, de manière encore plus préférée à fort débit.In the lateral chimney (3) - or in each lateral chimney (3) when there are several - is fixed, thanks to a suitable support, an agitator (6) allowing a significant hydraulic flow from 5 to 100 times the volume of the tank (2) by the hour. According to a particular embodiment according to the present invention, the agitator (6) is arranged to the upper end (4) of said chimney (3). According to another particular embodiment of the present invention, the agitator (6) is arranged in the upper third of said chimney (3). The agitator (6) and its support are commercially available. The agitator according to the present invention is preferably a horizontal flow agitator, even more preferably at high flow rate.
La goulotte périphérique (13) entoure une cheminée centrale supérieure (8) de remontée, en partie haute de la cuve principale (2). Avantageusement selon la présente invention, la goulotte périphérique (13) définit une cavité annulaire ou torique qui s'étend sous la partie inférieure (9) de l'ensemble de ruissellement et qui entoure ladite cheminée centrale supérieure (8). La cheminée (8) supporte un ensemble de ruissellement comprenant au moins une calotte (9, 10, 11).The peripheral chute (13) surrounds an upper central chimney (8) for raising, in the upper part of the main tank (2). Advantageously according to the present invention, the peripheral trough (13) defines an annular or toric cavity which extends under the lower part (9) of the run-off assembly and which surrounds said upper central chimney (8). The chimney (8) supports a runoff assembly comprising at least one cap (9, 10, 11).
Typiquement selon la présente invention, la hauteur de la cheminée centrale supérieure (8) est liée à la hauteur manométrique totale conférée par les caractéristiques de l'agitateur (6). Typiquement également, le diamètre de la cheminée centrale supérieure (8) est lié au diamètre de la cheminée latérale (3) du fait des pertes de charge.Typically according to the present invention, the height of the upper central chimney (8) is linked to the total head height imparted by the characteristics of the agitator (6). Typically also, the diameter of the upper central chimney (8) is linked to the diameter of the lateral chimney (3) due to the pressure losses.
L'agitateur (6), agencé en partie haute de la cheminée latérale (3) du réacteur (1), permet de provoquer un mouvement descendant dans la cheminée latérale (3), puis ascendant dans la cuve principale (2) et dans la cheminée centrale supérieure (8), assurant ainsi le brassage de l'effluent à traiter. Au sommet du réacteur (1), l'eau provenant de la cuve principale (2) et remontant par la cheminée centrale supérieure (8) ruisselle sur la calotte de base (9), en absorbant l'oxygène atmosphérique, et débouche alors dans la goulotte périphérique (13), pour être ensuite entraînée dans le flux descendant de la cheminée latérale (3). Les calottes intermédiaire (10) et supérieures (11), lorsqu'elles sont présentes dans le dispositif selon la présente invention, permettent également le ruissellement de l'eau lors de l'arrivée de l'effluent par le haut de la cuve (2) et/ou lors du fonctionnement de l'ensemble de pompage (7).The agitator (6), arranged in the upper part of the lateral chimney (3) of the reactor (1), makes it possible to cause a downward movement in the lateral chimney (3), then upward in the main tank (2) and in the upper central chimney (8), thus ensuring the mixing of the effluent to be treated. At the top of the reactor (1), the water coming from the main tank (2) and rising through the upper central chimney (8) trickles onto the base cap (9), absorbing atmospheric oxygen, and then flows into the peripheral chute (13), to then be entrained in the downward flow of the lateral chimney (3). The intermediate (10) and upper (11) caps, when present in the device according to the present invention, also allow water to run off when the effluent arrives from the top of the tank (2 ) and / or during the operation of the pumping assembly (7).
L'ensemble de ruissellement, comprenant au moins une calotte (9, 10, 11), permet l'oxygénation de l'effluent et son épuration. L'air absorbé sert à réaliser, grâce à l'oxygène, la dégradation biologique de la matière organique contenue dans les eaux usées. Sur la figure 1, est représenté schématiquement le flux hydraulique du liquide dans le réacteur (1) lors du fonctionnement de l'agitateur (6) et de la pompe centrale (7).The runoff assembly, comprising at least one cap (9, 10, 11), allows the effluent to be oxygenated and purified. The absorbed air is used to carry out, thanks to oxygen, the biological degradation of the organic matter contained in the waste water. In FIG. 1, the hydraulic flow of the liquid is shown diagrammatically in the reactor (1) during operation of the agitator (6) and the central pump (7).
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier selon la présente invention, l'ensemble de ruissellement comprend une calotte inférieure (9), une calotte intermédiaire (10), et une calotte supérieure (11). La calotte inférieure (9) sert à étaler le flux ascendant, provenant de la cheminée centrale supérieure (8), sur l'ensemble de la surface de la calotte. La lame d'eau est ainsi homogène et uniformément repartie sur l'ensemble de cette surface. La calotte intermédiaire (10) sert de répartiteur du flux refoulé par la pompe centrale (7) qui se trouve en fond de cuve. Enfin, la calotte supérieure (1 1) sert à diviser le flux d'eau refoulé par la pompe (7) et à le projeter sur la calotte intermédiaire (10), provoquant ainsi une cascade d'eau sur l'ensemble des trois calottes, et permettant ainsi une bonne aération de l'eau à traiter. La calotte supérieure (11) peut également servir à répartir l'effluent entrant dans le réacteur de traitement lorsque l'effluent est directement injecté par gravité ou par pompage sur cette calotte. Lorsque la goulotte périphérique (13) définit une cavité torique, sous la partie inférieure (9) de l'ensemble de ruissellement, autour de la cheminée centrale supérieure (8), selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, ladite cavité permet, lors du ruissellement de l'eau, de piéger les mousses qui peuvent se former lors du traitement de certains types d'effluents tels que les effluents viti- vinicoles, les effluents graisseux, les détergents et la margine, et qui viennent se loger dans ladite cavité (13). Les mousses se retrouvent donc piégées sous la calotte inférieure (9), ne pouvant s'échapper et se répandre hors du réacteur, et sont ainsi abattues et cassées par la cascade d'eau formée par le ruissellement sur la calotte (9).In a particular embodiment according to the present invention, the run-off assembly comprises a lower cap (9), an intermediate cap (10), and an upper cap (11). The lower cap (9) is used to spread the upward flow, coming from the upper central chimney (8), over the entire surface of the cap. The sheet of water is thus homogeneous and uniformly distributed over the whole of this surface. The intermediate cap (10) serves as a distributor of the flow discharged by the central pump (7) which is located at the bottom of the tank. Finally, the upper cap (1 1) is used to divide the flow of water pumped by the pump (7) and to project it onto the intermediate cap (10), thus causing a cascade of water on all three caps , and thus allowing good aeration of the water to be treated. The upper cap (11) can also be used to distribute the effluent entering the treatment reactor when the effluent is directly injected by gravity or by pumping onto this cap. When the peripheral trough (13) defines a toric cavity, under the lower part (9) of the run-off assembly, around the upper central chimney (8), according to a particular embodiment of the present invention, said cavity allows , during water run-off, to trap the mosses which can form during the treatment of certain types of effluents such as wine-making effluents, greasy effluents, detergents and vegetable water, and which come to lodge in said cavity (13). The foams are therefore trapped under the lower cap (9), unable to escape and spread out of the reactor, and are thus destroyed and broken by the cascade of water formed by the runoff on the cap (9).
Si nécessaire, l'aération du liquide peut être augmentée par l'utilisation de moyens (14) d'injection d'air dans la cheminée latérale (3), au-dessous de l'agitateur (6), avantageusement à peu de distance de cet agitateur. Un système venturi peut par exemple être utilisé pour permettre l'introduction directe d'air atmosphérique dans la cheminée latérale, augmentant ainsi l'absorption de l'oxygène par le liquide en mouvement. L'introduction d'air par un compresseur ou une soufflante, ou par un système d'injection d'oxygène liquide dans le flux descendant du liquide peut également être utilisée avec ou sans venturi. Avantageusement selon la présente invention, ces moyens (14) d'injection d'air dans la cheminée latérale (3) sont utilisés pour traiter des effluents très chargés, qui sont consommateurs d'oxygène.If necessary, the aeration of the liquid can be increased by the use of means (14) for injecting air into the lateral chimney (3), below the agitator (6), advantageously at a short distance. of this agitator. A venturi system can for example be used to allow the direct introduction of atmospheric air into the side stack, thereby increasing the absorption of oxygen by the moving liquid. The introduction of air by a compressor or blower, or by a system for injecting liquid oxygen into the downward flow of the liquid can also be used with or without a venturi. Advantageously according to the present Invention, these means (14) for injecting air into the lateral chimney (3) are used to treat highly charged effluents, which consume oxygen.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, le dispositif peut comprendre des antivortex (15) situés dans la cuve principale (2), sous la goulotte périphérique (13), afin de freiner le mouvement hydraulique de rotation du liquide. Le nombre d'antivortex varie en fonction du diamètre de la cuve et est avantageusement compris entre 2 et 30.According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the device can include antivortexes (15) located in the main tank (2), under the peripheral chute (13), in order to slow down the hydraulic movement of rotation of the liquid. The number of antivortex varies according to the diameter of the tank and is advantageously between 2 and 30.
Le fond de la cuve principale (2) a un angle variable en fonction du diamètre de la cuve. Le fond peut être conique, ou plat et l'angle varie de préférence de 10 à 70° par rapport au sol. Il est avantageux d'utiliser un fond conique dans le cadre de la présente invention pour éviter le dépôt de résidus en fond de cuve (2), dans les zones mortes de cette cuve, et pour entraîner ainsi ces résidus dans le flux ascendant du liquide afin d'être traités. Lorsque le fond de la cuve (2) est conique, la cheminée latérale (3) s'étend avantageusement jusqu'à la base du cône de la cuve (2). Un ou plusieurs moyen(s) de pompage (7) sont agencés au voisinage du fond de la cuve principale (2), au centre de ladite cuve (2). Dans un mode de réalisation particulier selon la présente invention, le ou les moyen(s) de pompage (7) sont fixés, au centre, au fond de la cuve (2). Le nombre de moyens de pompage (7) varie en fonction du diamètre de la cuve. Avantageusement selon la présente invention, le moyen de pompage comporte une pompe munie d'un conduit qui débouche vers l'ensemble de ruissellement (9, 10, 11), avantageusement sous la calotte supérieure (1 1), et au-dessus de la calotte intermédiaire (10). Le moyen de pompage (7) permet d'assurer essentiellement une double fonction au sein du réacteur (1). Le(s) moyen(s) de pompage (7) ont tout d'abord une mission de relevage des décantats et/ou d'évacuation de ceux-ci qui viennent se déposer en fond de cuve (2). Le moyen de pompage (7) a ainsi un rôle d'homogénéisation du fluide, permettant de mettre en suspension les éventuelles matières décantables. Avantageusement selon la présente invention, on utilise un fond conique pour rassembler plus aisément et entraîner les matières décantables et résidus lourds dans le flux de liquide circulant dans le réacteur. En outre, le moyen de pompage (7) joue le rôle important d'aération et de brassage du liquide à traiter par le ruissellement dudit liquide sur les calottes intermédiaire (10) et inférieure (9), lorsque le réacteur (1) est utilisé en tant que fermenteur pour créer la biomasse nécessaire, par l'apport de souches spécialisées, à l'épuration d'une eau usée, dont les caractéristiques sont connues, mais ayant des variations importantes de débit (par exemple les effluents chargés tels que les effluents viti-vinicoles, dont les 2/3 des rejets se font sur six semaines au cours de l'année. Sur la calotte inférieure (9) du dispositif, et sous la calotte intermédiaire (10), est ménagé un orifice de sortie (12), permettant l'évacuation de l'effluent présent dans le réacteur vers un clarificateur, une station d'épuration ou un exutoire. L'orifice de sortie (12) est obturable et ajustable pour permettre le contrôle du débit sortant et de l'épaisseur du ruissellement. Cet orifice (12) permet d'obtenir, lors de l'évacuation, un flux faible par rapport au flux général de circulation du liquide dans le réacteur. L'orifice (12) d'évacuation des effluents permet ainsi une totale liberté de séquençage de fonctionnement de l'agitateur (6), le fonctionnement dudit agitateur étant directement lié au débit d'effluent entrant dans le réacteur. En effet, l'évacuation est liée à la longueur du déversoir. Dans le cas de l'orifice (12), la longueur de la circonférence de cet orifice est très petite par rapport à la longueur de la calotte (9) au niveau de l'orifice, ce qui implique un très faible débit lors de l'évacuation du liquide du réacteur. Le fait de pouvoir séquencer le système sans perturbation hydraulique entraîne la faculté de pouvoir dénitrifier un effluent riche en nitrates. Le séquençage permet donc d'alterner des phases de nitrification et de dénitrification sans perturber le régime hydraulique de l'installation.The bottom of the main tank (2) has a variable angle depending on the diameter of the tank. The bottom can be conical, or flat and the angle preferably varies from 10 to 70 ° relative to the ground. It is advantageous to use a conical bottom in the context of the present invention to avoid the deposit of residues at the bottom of the tank (2), in the dead zones of this tank, and thus to entrain these residues in the upward flow of the liquid. in order to be treated. When the bottom of the tank (2) is conical, the lateral chimney (3) advantageously extends to the base of the cone of the tank (2). One or more pumping means (7) are arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the main tank (2), in the center of said tank (2). In a particular embodiment according to the present invention, the pumping means (s) (7) are fixed, in the center, to the bottom of the tank (2). The number of pumping means (7) varies depending on the diameter of the tank. Advantageously according to the present invention, the pumping means comprises a pump provided with a conduit which opens towards the runoff assembly (9, 10, 11), advantageously under the upper cap (1 1), and above the intermediate cap (10). The pumping means (7) essentially ensures a double function within the reactor (1). The pumping means (s) (7) firstly have a mission of lifting the decantates and / or evacuating them which come to settle at the bottom of the tank (2). The pumping means (7) thus has the role of homogenizing the fluid, making it possible to suspend any settling matter. Advantageously according to the present invention, a conical bottom is used to more easily collect and entrain decantable materials and heavy residues in the flow of liquid circulating in the reactor. In addition, the pumping means (7) plays the important role of aeration and stirring of the liquid to be treated by the runoff of said liquid on the intermediate (10) and lower (9) caps, when the reactor (1) is used. as fermenter to create the biomass necessary, by the contribution of specialized strains, for the purification of used water, the characteristics of which are known, but having significant variations in flow (for example the effluents loaded such as the effluents viti winemaking, two thirds of which is discharged over six weeks during the year. On the lower cap (9) of the device, and under the intermediate cap (10), an outlet orifice (12) is provided, allowing the evacuation of the effluent present in the reactor towards a clarifier, a purification station or an outlet The outlet orifice (12) is closable and adjustable to allow control of the outgoing flow and the thickness of the This orifice (12) makes it possible to obtain, during evacuation, a weak flow compared to the general flow of circulation of the liquid in the reactor. The orifice (12) for evacuation of the effluents thus allows total freedom sequencing works ment of the agitator (6), the operation of said agitator being directly linked to the flow of effluent entering the reactor. Indeed, the evacuation is linked to the length of the weir. In the case of the orifice (12), the length of the circumference of this orifice is very small compared to the length of the cap (9) at the orifice, which implies a very low flow rate during the evacuation of the liquid from the reactor. The fact of being able to sequence the system without hydraulic disturbance leads to the ability to be able to denitrify an effluent rich in nitrates. Sequencing therefore makes it possible to alternate between nitrification and denitrification phases without disturbing the hydraulic system of the installation.
L'orifice de sortie (12) peut avoir toute forme, telle que la forme sphérique, ovoïde ou polygonale (carrée, rectangle,...), et est à hauteur variable par rapport à la surface de la calotte inférieure (9) sur laquelle il est agencé. La hauteur de l'orifice peut ainsi être réglée par rapport à la surface de la calotte, avantageusement par coulissage dans un tube concentrique, ou dans un tube de section plus grande muni d'un joint de type à lèvres ou torique.The outlet orifice (12) can have any shape, such as the spherical, ovoid or polygonal shape (square, rectangle, etc.), and is of variable height relative to the surface of the lower cap (9) on which it is arranged. The height of the orifice can thus be adjusted relative to the surface of the cap, advantageously by sliding in a concentric tube, or in a tube of larger section provided with a seal of the lip or O-ring type.
Le dispositif selon la présente invention peut être utilisé afin d'épurer des eaux usées de nature très diverse, et peut également être utilisé en tant que fermenteur pour créer la biomasse nécessaire à l'épuration d'une eau usée de composition spécifique, telle qu'un effluent chargé, à variation de débit saisonnière. Lorsque le dispositif selon la présente invention est utilisé en tant que fermenteur, l'ensemble de ruissellement comprend un ensemble d'au moins trois calottes : une calotte inférieure (9), une calotte intermédiaire (10), et une calotte supérieure (1 1).The device according to the present invention can be used to purify wastewater of very diverse nature, and can also be used as a fermenter to create the biomass necessary for the purification of wastewater of specific composition, such as '' a charged effluent, with seasonal flow variation. When the device according to the present invention is used as a fermenter, the runoff assembly comprises a set of at least three caps: a lower cap (9), an intermediate cap (10), and an upper cap (1 1).
Lorsque le dispositif selon la présente invention est utilisé en tant que fermenteur, afin de traiter efficacement, et dès le démarrage d'une activité, un effluent pollué, il est nécessaire de procéder à un ensemencement de cet effluent par des bactéries spécifiques. Ainsi, on procède typiquement comme suit :When the device according to the present invention is used as a fermenter, in order to efficiently treat, and from the start of an activity, a polluted effluent, it is necessary to seed this effluent with specific bacteria. Thus, we typically proceed as follows:
1. Le réacteur, initialement vide ou contenant un volume faible d'effluent, est alimenté avec un inoculum de bactéries et un milieu nutritionnel, et le tout est relevé à l'aide de la pompe centrale de fond et de son conduit (7), puis aéré et brassé par ruissellement sur l'ensemble des calottes (9), (10) et (1 1).1. The reactor, initially empty or containing a small volume of effluent, is supplied with an inoculum of bacteria and a nutritional medium, and the whole is raised using the central bottom pump and its conduit (7) , then aerated and stirred by runoff on all the caps (9), (10) and (1 1).
2. Quand la population bactérienne est bien développée, on procède alors à une extension de la biomasse par adjonction dans le réacteur de nutriment et éventuellement d'un complément d'inoculum. La population bactérienne se développe dans l'ensemble du réacteur au fur et à mesure de l'alimentation, qui est parfaitement contrôlée, durant cette montée en charge qui dure deux à trois semaines, suivant le type de bactéries à développer.2. When the bacterial population is well developed, the biomass is then extended by adding nutrient and possibly an inoculum to the reactor. The bacterial population grows throughout the reactor as the feed, which is perfectly controlled, during this ramp-up which lasts two to three weeks, depending on the type of bacteria to develop.
3. Le niveau haut du réacteur atteint, l'agitateur (6) est alors mis en route et on procède alors à l'admission de l'effluent au maximum de sa charge et de son débit. Du fait de la préparation préalable d'une biomasse spécialisée pour dégrader ce type d'eau polluée, les résultats épuratoires en sortie de réacteur sont à leur optimum.3. The high level of the reactor reached, the agitator (6) is then started and the effluent is then admitted to the maximum of its charge and its flow rate. Due to the prior preparation of specialized biomass to degrade this type of polluted water, the purification results at the reactor outlet are at their optimum.
Le dispositif selon la présente invention peut également être utilisé lorsque le réacteur est déjà rempli d'une biomasse dont les composantes micro biologiques ont dérivé dans le temps. Ceci peut être le cas lorsque la biomasse a déjà été entretenue par une aération modérée, lors du fonctionnement cyclique du moyen de pompage (7) et/ou d'un moyen (14) d'injection d'air dans la cheminée latérale (3). Deux à trois semaines avant l'arrivée d'une charge polluante et/ou d'un débit maximum d'effluent, un ensemencement par de nouvelles bactéries est alors possible. Si un nouvel ensemencement n'est pas réalisé à ce stade, le régime hydraulique s'établira progressivement dans le réacteur pour parvenir à une épuration optimale. Le dispositif selon la présente invention peut également être utilisé pour épurer des eaux usées de nature très diverse, dès que le niveau de submersion de l'orifice de sortie (12) est atteint. Le débordement est provoqué par le flux hydraulique, descendant dans la cheminée latérale (3) et ascendant dans la cuve principale (2), qui est créé par la mise en route de l'agitateur (6). Le flux ascendant se répartit alors de façon uniforme sur la calotte (9) pour former une lame d'eau avec une surface de contact eau - air très grande. Puis, le fluide tombe en cascade, dans la goulotte périphérique (13) et débouche à l'extrémité haute (4) de la cheminée latérale (3). L'oxygène de l'air absorbé à la surface de la calotte inférieure (9), et lors de la chute vers la goulotte (13), suffit à la création de la biomasse nécessaire à la dégradation biologique de la matière organique contenue dans l'effluent à traiter. Plus la hauteur de la cuve (2) est grande, plus l'absorption de l'air et donc de l'oxygène est grande, l'absorption d'air étant directement liée à la température et à la pression.The device according to the present invention can also be used when the reactor is already filled with a biomass from which the microbiological components have derived over time. This may be the case when the biomass has already been maintained by moderate ventilation, during the cyclic operation of the pumping means (7) and / or of a means (14) for injecting air into the lateral chimney (3 ). Two to three weeks before the arrival of a pollutant load and / or a maximum effluent flow, seeding with new bacteria is then possible. If a new seeding is not carried out at this stage, the hydraulic regime will gradually be established in the reactor to achieve optimal purification. The device according to the present invention can also be used to purify waste water of very diverse nature, as soon as the level of submersion of the outlet orifice (12) is reached. The overflow is caused by the hydraulic flow, descending in the lateral chimney (3) and ascending in the main tank (2), which is created by the activation of the agitator (6). The upward flow is then distributed uniformly over the cap (9) to form a water layer with a very large water-air contact surface. Then, the fluid falls in cascade, in the peripheral trough (13) and opens at the high end (4) of the lateral chimney (3). The oxygen in the air absorbed on the surface of the lower cap (9), and when falling towards the chute (13), is sufficient to create the biomass necessary for the biological degradation of the organic matter contained in the effluent to be treated. The greater the height of the tank (2), the greater the absorption of air and therefore of oxygen, the absorption of air being directly linked to temperature and pressure.
L'exemple suivant est donné à titre non limitatif et illustre la présente invention.The following example is given without limitation and illustrates the present invention.
Exemple d'une réalisation de l'invention :Example of an embodiment of the invention:
Un dispositif selon la présente invention, comprenant une cuve principale (2) ayant un diamètre de 2,10 m et une hauteur de 4,50 m, une cheminée latérale (3) extérieure ayant un diamètre de 0,60 m et une hauteur de 3,50 m, une cheminée centrale supérieure (8) ayant un diamètre de 0,72 m, une calotte inférieure (9) ayant un diamètre de 1,50 m, une calotte intermédiaire (10) ayant un diamètre de 1,05 m, une calotte supérieure (11) ayant un diamètre de 0,40 m, un agitateur (6) de 1.5 kW, et une pompe (7), munie d'un conduit, de 0.75 kW, a été utilisé pour épurer un effluent viti- vinicole, dont la DCO de départ était de 3000 à 8000 mg/litre et dont le pH était de 5 à 6. Le débit utilisé a été de 3 à 6 m /jour. Après trois semaines de fonctionnement sans ensemencement, la DCO de l'effluent en sortie était comprise entre 150 et 300 mg/1. A device according to the present invention, comprising a main tank (2) having a diameter of 2.10 m and a height of 4.50 m, an lateral side chimney (3) having a diameter of 0.60 m and a height of 3.50 m, an upper central chimney (8) having a diameter of 0.72 m, a lower cap (9) having a diameter of 1.50 m, an intermediate cap (10) having a diameter of 1.05 m , an upper cap (11) having a diameter of 0.40 m, an agitator (6) of 1.5 kW, and a pump (7), provided with a conduit, of 0.75 kW, was used to purify a living effluent - wine, whose starting COD was from 3000 to 8000 mg / liter and whose pH was from 5 to 6. The flow used was from 3 to 6 m / day. After three weeks of operation without seeding, the COD of the outlet effluent was between 150 and 300 mg / 1.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif d'aération et de brassage d'eaux usées dans un réacteur (1) de traitement, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : une cuve principale cylindrique (2) d'axe vertical, au moins une cheminée latérale cylindrique (3) d'axe vertical, s'étendant sur au moins une partie de la hauteur de ladite cuve (2), extérieure ou intérieure à ladite cuve (2), ouverte à ses deux extrémités (4,5) et ménageant avec le bas et le haut de ladite cuve (2) un passage permettant la circulation de l'eau, au moins un agitateur (6) agencé en partie haute de ladite cheminée latérale (3), une goulotte périphérique (13) définissant une cheminée centrale supérieure (8) de remontée située en haut de la cuve (2), ladite goulotte périphérique (13) débouchant à l'extrémité supérieure (4) de ladite cheminée latérale (3), un ensemble de ruissellement comprenant au moins une calotte (9, 10, 11), conçue pour permettre le ruissellement de l'eau provenant de la cheminée centrale supérieure (8) vers la goulotte périphérique (13), au moins un ensemble de pompage central (7), agencé au voisinage du fond de la cuve (2), refoulant l'eau vers l'ensemble de ruissellement (9, 10, 11), et un orifice de sortie (12) conçu pour permettre le contrôle du débit sortant, ménagé dans la partie inférieure (9) dudit ensemble de ruissellement.1. Device for aeration and mixing of waste water in a reactor (1) for treatment, characterized in that it comprises: a cylindrical main tank (2) with a vertical axis, at least one cylindrical lateral chimney (3 ) of vertical axis, extending over at least part of the height of said tank (2), external or internal to said tank (2), open at its two ends (4,5) and sparing with the bottom and the top of said tank (2) a passage allowing the circulation of water, at least one agitator (6) arranged in the upper part of said lateral chimney (3), a peripheral chute (13) defining an upper central chimney (8 ) ascent located at the top of the tank (2), said peripheral chute (13) opening at the upper end (4) of said lateral chimney (3), a run-off assembly comprising at least one cap (9, 10, 11), designed to allow water to run off from the upper central chimney ieure (8) towards the peripheral chute (13), at least one central pumping assembly (7), arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the tank (2), pumping the water towards the runoff assembly (9, 10, 11), and an outlet (12) designed to allow control of the outgoing flow, formed in the lower part (9) of said run-off assembly.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la goulotte périphérique (13) définit une cavité annulaire entre la cheminée centrale supérieure (8) et la partie inférieure (9) de l'ensemble de ruissellement.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the peripheral chute (13) defines an annular cavity between the upper central chimney (8) and the lower part (9) of the run-off assembly.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de pompage (7) comporte une pompe munie d'un conduit débouchant vers l'ensemble de ruissellement (9, 10, 1 1).3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pumping assembly (7) comprises a pump provided with a conduit opening towards the runoff assembly (9, 10, 1 1).
4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de ruissellement comprend une calotte inférieure (9), une calotte intermédiaire (10), et une calotte supérieure (1 1). 4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the run-off assembly comprises a lower cap (9), an intermediate cap (10), and an upper cap (1 1).
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de pompage central (7) refoule l'eau sous la calotte supérieure (11).5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the central pumping assembly (7) discharges the water under the upper cap (11).
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice de sortie (12) est ménagé dans la calotte inférieure (9). 6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the outlet orifice (12) is formed in the lower cap (9).
7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens (14) d'injection d'air, dans la cheminée latérale (3), au-dessous de l'agitateur (6).7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises means (14) for injecting air into the lateral chimney (3), below the agitator (6 ).
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce les moyens (14) sont choisis dans le groupe constitué par un système venturi, un compresseur et un système d'injection d'oxygène liquide.8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the means (14) are chosen from the group consisting of a venturi system, a compressor and a liquid oxygen injection system.
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre au moins un antivortex (15) situé dans la cuve principale (2) sous la goulotte périphérique (13).9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises at least one antivortex (15) located in the main tank (2) under the peripheral chute (13).
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cuve principale (2) présente une hauteur au moins deux fois supérieure à son diamètre.10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main tank (2) has a height at least twice greater than its diameter.
11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cuve principale (2) a un fond conique.11. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main tank (2) has a conical bottom.
12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la calotte (9, 10, 11) est de forme sphérique, ovoïde ou polygonale.12. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cap (9, 10, 11) is of spherical, ovoid or polygonal shape.
13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice de sortie (12) est réglable en hauteur et est de forme sphérique, ovoïde ou polygonale. 13. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet orifice (12) is adjustable in height and is of spherical, ovoid or polygonal shape.
14. Utilisation d'un dispositif tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13 pour l'épuration des eaux usées.14. Use of a device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13 for the purification of waste water.
15. Utilisation d'un dispositif tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 13 en tant que fermenteur pour créer la biomasse nécessaire à l'épuration d'une eau usée de composition spécifique. 15. Use of a device as defined in any one of claims 4 to 13 as a fermenter to create the biomass necessary for the purification of waste water of specific composition.
PCT/FR2003/001566 2002-05-23 2003-05-23 Device for aerating and mixing waste water in a treatment reactor, use thereof for purifying wastewater and use thereof as fermenting reactor WO2003099425A1 (en)

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FR0206277A FR2839898B1 (en) 2002-05-23 2002-05-23 DEVICE FOR AERATION AND BREWING OF WASTEWATER IN A TREATMENT REACTOR, ITS USE FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER AND ITS USE AS A FIRMER
FR02/06277 2002-05-23

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EP1985692A1 (en) * 2007-04-23 2008-10-29 UTS Biogastechnik GmbH Biogas facility for producing biogas in a single step flow method
EP1992683A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-19 UTS Biogastechnik GmbH Biogas facility for producing biogas in a single step flow method
US20210371310A1 (en) * 2018-10-22 2021-12-02 Nicolas Meudal Liquid effluent treatment module

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FR3115032B1 (en) * 2020-10-12 2023-11-17 Innoclair Water treatment and/or storage installation, using a tank and a piezometer secured to each other.

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US4136023A (en) * 1973-11-06 1979-01-23 Airco, Inc. Methods and apparatus for treating wastewater
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FR2758094A1 (en) * 1997-01-08 1998-07-10 Alain Boulant DEVICE FOR BREWING AND AERATING A LIQUID AND FOR REMOVING FOAM IN A LIQUID TREATMENT TANK

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1985692A1 (en) * 2007-04-23 2008-10-29 UTS Biogastechnik GmbH Biogas facility for producing biogas in a single step flow method
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US20210371310A1 (en) * 2018-10-22 2021-12-02 Nicolas Meudal Liquid effluent treatment module
US11905193B2 (en) * 2018-10-22 2024-02-20 Nicolas Meudal Liquid effluent treatment module

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FR2839898A1 (en) 2003-11-28
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