WO2002079602A1 - Tour - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2002079602A1
WO2002079602A1 PCT/NO2001/000091 NO0100091W WO02079602A1 WO 2002079602 A1 WO2002079602 A1 WO 2002079602A1 NO 0100091 W NO0100091 W NO 0100091W WO 02079602 A1 WO02079602 A1 WO 02079602A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower
rack
track
guide track
guideway
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2001/000091
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bjørn EILERTSEN
Original Assignee
Engineering & Drilling Machinery As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Engineering & Drilling Machinery As filed Critical Engineering & Drilling Machinery As
Priority to PCT/NO2001/000091 priority Critical patent/WO2002079602A1/fr
Publication of WO2002079602A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002079602A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
    • E21B19/083—Cam, rack or like feed mechanisms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tower, in particular an oil-well tower or derrick.
  • a major function of a derrick is vertical movement of loads, primarily the drill string and the sections thereof, and the lowering and retrieval of equipment.
  • Winches, wires and blocks are used in conventional derricks. More recently, derricks have been developed where the load handling takes place with the use of hydraulic cylinders in combination with wires and blocks. It also known to use a driving gear with a motor or motors connected to gearwheels which climb vertically mounted racks in the tower.
  • the last-mentioned solution has the advantage over wire systems that the wire as load- bearing element is eliminated.
  • a wire will stretch under load. Therefore, in today's wire systems in derricks, it is necessary to monitor the wires and change them at regular intervals in order to maintain the desired precision in the lifting tackle.
  • the last-mentioned disadvantage can be avoided by designing the lifting tackle in such a way that it is not the driving gear which climbs up/down along the racks, but the racks that are moved up and down by the driving gear.
  • a driving gear which comprises a gearwheel in engagement with a rack that is divided into successive interhinged rack elements which run in a way; see for example US-PS 1,870,244, US- PS 1, 16,517 and US-PS 2,170,595.
  • WO 98/48142 discloses a tower, in particular an oil-well tower or derrick, comprising a tower structure and lifting tackle for a load, for example, a drill string, in the tower structure.
  • the lifting yoke includes mutually parallel runways each including a vertical guide track, a storage track parallel thereto and a cross-over guiding portion between the two tracks arranged in a lower part of the tower.
  • a rack is slidably arranged in each runway.
  • the racks are divided into successive, preferably interarticulated rack elements, designed for mutual contact when the rack elements are in the vertical guide track.
  • the guide track is adapted for horizontal support of the rack elements.
  • a load yoke is carried by the racks in the respective vertical guide tracks, and a driving gear comprising gearwheels in driving engagement with the racks in the respective vertical guide tracks is arranged in the lower part of the tower.
  • This known derrick is especially suitable for use in a so-called heavy duty rigs with a capacity of from, for example, 500 to 1000 tonnes.
  • the derrick includes two mutually parallel towers.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a single tower solution which is reliable and efficient.
  • a particular object of the invention is to reduce the weight of the tower and lower its centre of gravity.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a tower where the tower is no longer constructed as a load-bearing structure, but is primarily constructed as a guiding structure.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a single-tower solution having advantageous weight and force transmission to a lower part of the tower.
  • a tower is therefore proposed, especially an oil-well tower or derrick, comprising a tower structure having a lower part and an upper part; a guideway in the tower structure for successive, preferably interhinged rack elements which have mutual plane end stop faces;
  • driving unit in the lower part of the tower structure, which driving unit includes a gearwheel in engagement with an adjacent rack element in the row of rack elements;
  • guideway includes a vertical guide track, a vertically directed storage track and a cross-over track between the guide track and the storage track arranged in the said lower part;
  • a chain of rack elements which are preferably hinge-connected to one another, is used.
  • This chain of rack elements or articulated rack can be pushed up or pulled down by stationary AC motors or hydraulic motors which are drive-connected to the rack by gearwheels.
  • the motors and the control systems will be located in a machinery room in the bottom part of the tower. All the weight load that is taken up by the hoist is transmitted down through the rack elements in the guide track and is taken up by the gearwheels.
  • the special tower design means that the centre of gravity is lowered and the function of the tower is reduced or converted from a load-bearing structure function to a guiding function, i.e., that the rack is moved and prevented from buckling.
  • the new tower is suitable for use both on land and in maritime environments, that is to say, both onshore and offshore.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is one in which the elevator is connected to the uppermost rack element in the guide track by a flexible coupling.
  • the elevator may comprise a dolly that is U- shaped in cross-section and is a steel plate structure.
  • a U-shaped steel plate structure of this kind may have guide wheels on the inside of its flanges for cooperation with the elevator guideway.
  • the elevator guideway has two vertical roller ways located on respective opposite sides of the rack element guide track for guide wheels on the elevator.
  • a preferred embodiment of the tower according to the invention is one where the tower structure is constructed in the form of a steel tube structure, which may or may not have a vertically tapering cross-section.
  • the two roller ways of the guide track extend along a respective one of two of the opposite vertical sides of the steel tube structure.
  • the synchronisation assembly comprises a first gearwheel in engagement with a rack element in the guide track, a second gearwheel in engagement with a rack element in the storage track, and a drive transmission shaft between the first and the second gearwheel, and a support wheel arranged to rest against the individual rack element immediately opposite the first and the second gearwheel, respectively.
  • each individual rack element is shaped as an I-beam with rows of teeth arranged on the flanges of the I-beam, the driving gearwheels being made with a respective recessed toothed rim or ring located centrally between two end flanges.
  • the driving gearwheels are shaped as gearwheels with reinforcing rings which are shrunk on around each end of the toothed ring or rim.
  • the said end flanges have a guiding action relative to the rack elements.
  • the said reinforcing rings may advantageously form the end flanges.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a tower according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows the same tower, seen from the working side
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view through the lower part of the tower as indicated by III in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view through the lower part of the tower on a level with the synchronisation assembly, as indicated by IV in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of essential components of the tower, and shows in particular the elevator and the rack arrangement;
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged section of the tower and elevator, somewhat simplified
  • Figure 7 shows a section taken approximately along the line VII- VII in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 shows a section of the lower part of the tower on a larger scale and shows in particular parts of the driving gear and the cross-over track between the guide track and the storage track.
  • Figure 9 shows a section taken along the line IX-IX in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 shows a preferred driving gearwheel with a section of a reinforcing ring
  • Figure 11 is an end view of the driving gearwheel in Figure 10, also including a section showing the cooperation between the driving teeth of the driving gearwheel and teeth on the inside of the reinforcing ring;
  • Figure 12 is a more artistic perspective view of a possible embodiment of the invention as a drilling rig.
  • Fig. 13 is also a more artistic sketch of a possible use of the invention as a mobile drilling rig.
  • the tower shown schematically in Figures 1 -4 is an oil-well tower or derrick which comprises a tower structure 1 , in the exemplary embodiment in the form of a steel tube structure; see also Figure 7.
  • the tower structure 1 has a guideway for successive, in this case interhinged, rack elements 2, of which just some are shown in Figure 1.
  • the guideway comprises a vertical guide track 3 for the rack elements 2 and a vertically directed storage track 4 for the rack elements 2.
  • a curved crossover track 5 between the guide track 3 and the storage track 4, for transferring the individual rack elements 2 between the guide track 3 and the storage track 4.
  • the cross-over track 5, as shown in Fig. 8, consists of a turning wheel 6 which is pivotally supported in the tower structure at 7.
  • Each individual rack element 2 is made in the form of a large I-beam or H-beam, with a row of teeth along each beam flange.
  • the rack elements 2 are, in exemplary embodiment 6, driven by means of AC motors 8 which drive a respective gearwheel 9 that is in engagement with a rack element 2.
  • FIG. 5 In this connection, reference is made to Figure 5 and also to Figures 8 and 9.
  • the rack formed of the rack elements 2 will be moved upwards or downwards in the guide track 3, thereby moving the attached dolly 10 correspondingly.
  • the dolly 10 is attached to the uppermost rack element 2 in the guide track 3 by means of a suitable flexible link 11, see Figure 6, so that only vertical forces are transmitted to the rack.
  • the individual rack elements 2 are articulated to each other by means of suitable link 12, as shown in Figures 5 and 8. This means that the dolly 10 can both be pushed and pulled by means of the driving gear comprising the six drive motors 8.
  • the dolly (elevator) 10 is made in the form of a U-shaped steel plate structure, as shown in particular in Figure 5.
  • the two side flanges 13, 14 of the U-shaped dolly extend inwards on each side of the tower structure 1, see Figure 7, and arranged on the inside of each housing flange 13, 14 are guide rollers 15, 16, 17.
  • These guide rollers 15, 16, 17 are so arranged that they run on opposing roller ways on a respective guide track 18, 19, here in the form of a respective rectangular tube which is welded on the respective vertical side of the tower structure 1.
  • the dolly 10 When the rack formed of the rack elements 2 thus is moved upwards in the guide track 3 by the action of the drive motors 8, the dolly 10 will roll on the guideways 18, 19 with the respective guide wheels 15, 16, 17. Thus, the dolly 10 has a guided movement in the tower.
  • the storage track 4 takes up any excess rack elements 2 during the downward movement of the rack in the guide track 3.
  • the dolly 10 carries a device 18 intended for cooperation with a non-illustrated drill string.
  • the device 18 is of no importance for the invention and is therefore not described in more detail here.
  • the synchronisation assembly 19 primarily comprises a gearwheel 20 in engagement with a rack element 2 in the guide track 3, and a gearwheel 21 which is in driving engagement with a rack element 2 in the storage track 4.
  • the gearwheels 20, 21 are in driving engagement with the respective rack element 2 on opposing sides.
  • the two gearwheels 20, 21 are drive-connected to each other by means of a telescopic shaft 22 and suitable cardan joints or universal joints 23, 24.
  • a respective freely supported support wheel 25, 26 is provided on the respective opposing side of the rack element 2 with which the driving wheels 20, 21 are engaged.
  • the rack element 2 is constructed as an I-beam, with respective rows of teeth 27, 28 on the outside of each beam flange. These rows of teeth 27, 28 are narrower that the associated beam flange.
  • the driving gearwheels and the support wheels have a similar contours, and thus are formed as gearwheels having end flanges which project radially outwards beyond the toothed rim.
  • these end flanges are indicated by the reference numerals 29, 30, and 31, 32 respectively for the support wheels 25, 26, which do not necessarily need a toothed rim as their function is merely to support the rack elements 2 relative to the opposing gearwheels 20, 21.
  • FIG. 10 and 11 A particularly suitable embodiment of the driving gearwheels 9 and the gearwheels 20, 21 is shown in Figures 10 and 11.
  • the driving gearwheels 9 shown in Figures 10 and 1 1 have a toothed rim 33.
  • Two reinforcing rings 34, 35 are shrunk on around each end of the toothed rim and form suitable end flanges as mentioned above.
  • Figures 1 and 2 the tower structure 1 is shown placed on a suitable base 40.
  • this base 40 may be designed in many suitable ways.
  • Figures 12 and 13 show two examples of how the invention can be realised. In Figure 12 this is done by placing the tower structure 1 and its base 40 on a suitable skid 41, whilst in Figure 13 it is done by placing the tower structure 1 on a base 40 which forms part of a wheeled 42 carriage.
  • the tower structure 1 is pivotally supported on the base 40 in Figure 13 and thus can be laid down on the wheel-supported carriage for transport.
  • the embodiment in Figure 13 is especially suitable for onshore rigs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une tour, en particulier une tour de forage pétrolier ou un derrick, cette tour comprenant une structure de tour (1) constituée d'une partie supérieure et d'une partie inférieure; un guidage (3, 4) disposé dans la structure de tour (1) pour des éléments râteliers (2) successifs, de préférence articulés entre eux, qui présentent des surfaces d'arrêt d'extrémité planes mutuelles; une unité d'entraînement (8) disposée dans la partie inférieure de la structure de tour (1), cette unité d'entraînement (8) comportant une roue dentée (9) d'entraînement, en contact avec un élément râtelier (2) adjacent compris dans la rangée d'éléments râteliers; ce guidage comporte un rail de guidage (3) vertical, ainsi qu'un rail de stockage (4) dirigé verticalement et un rail de liaison (5, 6) disposé entre le rail de guidage (3) et le rail de stockage (4) situé dans ladite partie inférieure; un ensemble de synchronisation (19) destiné aux éléments râteliers (2) dans le rail de guidage (3) et le rail de stockage (4) respectivement; et un guidage d'absorption de moment de charge (18, 19) destiné à un élévateur (10) soutenu par la rangée d'éléments râteliers (2) dans le rail de guidage (3).
PCT/NO2001/000091 2001-03-07 2001-03-07 Tour WO2002079602A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO2001/000091 WO2002079602A1 (fr) 2001-03-07 2001-03-07 Tour

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO2001/000091 WO2002079602A1 (fr) 2001-03-07 2001-03-07 Tour

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002079602A1 true WO2002079602A1 (fr) 2002-10-10

Family

ID=19904209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2001/000091 WO2002079602A1 (fr) 2001-03-07 2001-03-07 Tour

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2002079602A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009102215A2 (fr) * 2008-02-13 2009-08-20 Seabed Rig As Dispositif pour une machine de levage électromécanique, à utiliser en particulier lors du forage de puits de pétrole et de gaz
CN103397848A (zh) * 2013-07-03 2013-11-20 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 齿轮齿条煤层气钻机起升系统
US10995563B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2021-05-04 Minex Crc Ltd Rotary drill head for coiled tubing drilling apparatus

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO157074B (no) * 1985-08-02 1987-10-05 Eyvind Larsen Hydraulisk boretÿrn for oljeboring.
WO1998048142A1 (fr) * 1997-04-24 1998-10-29 Engineering And Drilling Machinery As Tour
WO2000022277A1 (fr) * 1998-09-25 2000-04-20 Engineering & Drilling Machinery As Procede et dispositif destine a la mise sous tension d'un tube ascenseur
WO2001011261A2 (fr) * 1999-08-10 2001-02-15 Engineering & Drilling Machinery As Modele renforce de pignon d'engrenage et procede a cet effet

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO157074B (no) * 1985-08-02 1987-10-05 Eyvind Larsen Hydraulisk boretÿrn for oljeboring.
WO1998048142A1 (fr) * 1997-04-24 1998-10-29 Engineering And Drilling Machinery As Tour
WO2000022277A1 (fr) * 1998-09-25 2000-04-20 Engineering & Drilling Machinery As Procede et dispositif destine a la mise sous tension d'un tube ascenseur
WO2001011261A2 (fr) * 1999-08-10 2001-02-15 Engineering & Drilling Machinery As Modele renforce de pignon d'engrenage et procede a cet effet

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009102215A2 (fr) * 2008-02-13 2009-08-20 Seabed Rig As Dispositif pour une machine de levage électromécanique, à utiliser en particulier lors du forage de puits de pétrole et de gaz
WO2009102215A3 (fr) * 2008-02-13 2010-04-22 Seabed Rig As Dispositif pour une machine de levage électromécanique, à utiliser en particulier lors du forage de puits de pétrole et de gaz
US8277351B2 (en) 2008-02-13 2012-10-02 Seabed Rig As Device for an electromechanical hoisting machine, especially for use when drilling oil and gas wells
CN103397848A (zh) * 2013-07-03 2013-11-20 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 齿轮齿条煤层气钻机起升系统
US10995563B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2021-05-04 Minex Crc Ltd Rotary drill head for coiled tubing drilling apparatus
US11136837B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2021-10-05 Minex Crc Ltd Mobile coiled tubing drilling apparatus

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