WO2002079574A1

WO2002079574A1 - Device for displacing switch tongues

Info

Publication number: WO2002079574A1
Application number: PCT/EP2002/003625
Authority: WO
Inventors: Armin Heim; Edmund Muehlhans
Original assignee: Bibus-Uto Stahl Ag
Priority date: 2001-03-30
Filing date: 2002-04-02
Publication date: 2002-10-10
Also published as: HUP0303613A2; PL370225A1; DE10116041B4; DE10116041A1; HUP0303613A3; RO120856B1; NO20034376L; NO20034376D0; EP1387906A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for displacing switch tongues (15) in relation to a stock rail (14). Said device comprises a slide chair having a slide chair plate (3) which is fixed to a sleeper. The inventive device also comprises a rolling device (1), the tongue tip lying on said rolling device with rolling friction during the displacement of the switch tongue. Said rolling device (1) is fixed to the stock rail (14), separately from the slide chair plate (3), and is only applied to the region above the sleeper (2) next to the slide chair plate (3).

Description

Device for switching turnouts

description

The invention relates to a device for switching switch tongues according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

With conventional railway switches, the tongues slide on sliding surfaces of sliding chairs during the changeover process. The sliding surfaces must be lubricated at certain intervals to reduce the changeover forces so that the changeover resistance does not become too great and the functionality of the changeover device remains guaranteed. In the vicinity of the root of the tongue, the sliding surfaces cannot be properly lubricated, because part of it is so small Travel is constantly covered by the tongue base. In the accessible areas of the sliding surfaces, extreme weather conditions (high heat, heavy downpours, frost, wind with sand drift etc.) can nullify the effect of the switch lubrication and cause increased friction between the base of the tongue and the sliding chair. The turnouts can also be difficult to move because the tongues lie very unevenly on the sliding chairs and / or tend to tilt during the relocation process.

It therefore happens again and again that the changeover resistance of a turnout is so great that the turnout drive fails and the turnout can no longer be changed over from the signal box. In these cases, the railway operation must be interrupted until the disturbed switch can be made clean again by cleaning and lubricating. This usually results in very disadvantageous train delays with significant additional operating costs and with annoyance to rail customers.

Regular maintenance and care of the switches is very cost-intensive and causes considerable costs. In addition, this is an activity that requires people to stay in the track field and is therefore associated with an increased risk of accidents.

In order to make the cost-intensive and dangerous activity of switch lubrication superfluous and at the same time to avoid any operational disturbances caused by switch turnout, rolling devices are already known (DE 196 23 269) which support the switch tongues during the changeover movement and thus the sliding friction caused by rolling Replace friction. These devices have one or more fixed rollers which can be adjusted horizontally and vertically to the respective position of the tongue base and are either elastically or rigidly supported. In the case of rigid roller bearings, the switch tongue lies when it rail lies directly next to the first roller on the sliding chair. In the case of elastic roller bearings, the switch tongue also rests in the adjacent position on at least one roller, which lowers when the switch tongue is driven on, so that the wheel load is not transferred directly to the sliding chair via the roller bearing but via the tongue foot. Because of the vertical movement of the switch tongue that occurs during driving, such rolling devices are currently only permitted for speeds of up to 80 km / h. The tongue rolling devices known hitherto are either integrated in a sliding chair plate or arranged on a threshold directly next to the sliding chair or installed as an independent element in the area of a threshold, ie between two sleepers. When integrating the rolling device into the sliding chair plate, the sliding chair plates usually have to be mounted on the relevant sleepers before they are installed in the track. Subsequent installation for the purpose of retrofitting a turnout is technically possible by exchanging the slide chair plates in question, but this entails very high costs. In addition, the railway operation must be interrupted, which is undesirable. The subsequent installation of rolling devices that are integrated in the sliding chair plate is therefore practically out of the question. The installation locations of such rolling devices must rather be determined in advance. They cannot be adapted to the local characteristics of the respective turnout. Roller bearings integrated in the sliding chair plate are therefore not a suitable means of eliminating the difficulty of switches, which is based on deformations of the tongues, roughness of the tongue base, uneven sleeper bearings and similar irregularities.

Roller devices that are clamped in the area of the sleeper compartments at the base of the stock rail can also be retrofitted without significant additional costs and without major interruptions to rail operations. Your installation location may well be due to local Special features of the respective turnout can be selected. However, their arrangement in the sleeper compartment has the disadvantage that they are a hindrance when straightening and stuffing the switch. Rolling devices of this type must therefore be dismantled before the turnouts are worked through and reinstalled after the work has been completed. They therefore make switch maintenance more expensive.

The invention is intended to avoid the disadvantages of known rolling devices described above.

The object of the invention is therefore to improve the known device for switching switch tongues so that it can easily be retrofitted at almost any point in the switch and ensures that the processing of the switch is not hindered. The device should also be able to be installed equally on switches with wooden sleepers or with concrete sleepers. After all, it should be suitable for all speed ranges.

This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

The basic principle of the invention is to clamp the rolling device on the stock rail separately from the sliding chair plate and that the rolling device essentially only occupies the space available above the threshold next to the sliding chair plate. The rolling device is therefore not integrated into the sliding chair plate, but rather a component which can be handled separately and which can therefore also be installed subsequently. It is clamped onto the stock rail and is held in position by it.

The tongue rail lies in the adjacent position directly on a sliding chair and not on a roll. The rolling device preferably has 2 rollers which can be adjusted horizontally together and vertically individually to the position of the tongue base. The height of the rollers can either be infinitely variable or in stages, for example in four or eight height levels.

The rolling device has a base plate that is attached to the stock rail by means of a fixed hook on the inside of the track and a wedge clamp on the outside of the track. It also has two clamping plates, between which the axes of the two rollers are clamped.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the base plate has two rows of threaded holes and the two clamping plates have two slots through which they are screwed together and on the base plate and together allow any horizontal adjustment of the rollers.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, for a stepless height adjustment of the rollers, it is provided that the roller axes have polygonal (e.g. square or hexagonal) profiles at their ends, onto which bearing bushes with eccentric depressions or bearing rings with eccentric bores are fitted, so that by rotation of the axes with their eccentric bearing bushes or bearing rings, the height of the respective roller can be changed.

The embodiment of the invention for a height adjustment in several stages provides that the roller axes have paired eccentric profiles at their ends (e.g. square square or special octagonal profiles), with octagonal profiles the octagon of their cross section being the intersection of two equally large squares which are rotated and shifted against each other (eg by 45 °), each of the eight surfaces being at a different distance from the center of the axis than the remaining seven surfaces. The gradual height adjustment of the rollers does not allow adjustment between the individual predetermined height levels, but the construction is simpler and cheaper than for the stepless height adjustment and also ensures that no changes in the roller height can occur during operation with any sudden loads.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in connection with the drawing. It shows:

1 shows a plan view of the device for switching switch tongues according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention, the assignment to the threshold and sliding chair being particularly recognizable;

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 1 with infinitely variable height adjustment;

3 shows a cross section through the rolling device with stepless height adjustability in the area of a roll;

4 shows a cross section through an infinitely height-adjustable roller axis in the region of an eccentric bearing bush;

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 2 with a stepwise height-adjustable rolling device;

6a to 6h show a schematic diagram of the possible installation positions of the roller axis with an octagonal end profile and the eight different height positions that can be achieved in the process;

7 shows a cross section through the rolling device with gradual height adjustability in the area of the roll; and Fig. 8 shows a cross section through a roller bearing with stepless height adjustability.

In Fig. 1, a rolling device 1 is shown in plan view. The installation position of the rolling device 1 is above a threshold 2 and laterally next to a sliding chair plate 3 in such a way that the rolling device 1 does not protrude, or at most slightly, beyond the edge of the threshold 2. The rolling device 1 has a base plate 4, which can rest on the threshold 2 (see FIG. 2), but does not have to rest, and is fastened to a stock rail 14 with a fixed hook 5, a supporting wedge 6 and a wedge clamping plate 7. The wedge clamping plate 7 is screwed to the base plate 4 by means of a screw 8. The rolling device 1 here has two rollers 9a and 9b, the axes of which are mounted between two clamping plates 10 and 10a and 10b in FIG. 2. The clamping plates 10 are screwed to the base plate 4 by means of two fixing screws 11. Elongated holes 12 in the clamping plates and two rows of threaded holes 13 in the base plate 4 allow horizontal adjustment of the rollers.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the rolling device

1 with infinitely variable height adjustment of the roller 9a and 9b. The base plate 4 of the rolling device 1 is fastened at the foot of the stock rail 14 on the inside of the track with a fixed hook 5 and on the outside of the track with the wedge clamping plate 7, which is supported against a support wedge 6 attached to the base plate 4 and by means of a screw 8 with the base plate 4 is screwed. The rolling device 1 is located above the threshold

2 and has no direct contact with this, which is done at most via the base plate 4. In the adjacent position of the switch tongue 15, the foot edge thereof is located directly next to the first roller 9a. At the start of the changeover process, the edge of the foot slides onto the roller 9a and is raised slightly in the process. The sliding friction along the sliding chair is then caused by rolling friction replaced. The rollers 9a and 9b are adjustable in height, which is achieved by means of an eccentric axle bearing in bearing bushes 16 and hexagonal projections 17, the rotation of which, after loosening the two fixing screws 11, allows the respective height of the two rollers 9a and 9b to be set individually for each roller.

3 shows the cross section through an exemplary embodiment of the rolling device with infinitely variable height adjustment of the rollers in the region of a roller 9. This roller is rotatably mounted on a fixed axis 18 via a slide bearing 20. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the axis 18 has square projections 19 on both sides of the roller, onto which bearing bushes 16 with corresponding eccentric depressions are attached. The bearing bushes 16 in turn also have angular projections 17, which are designed here as a hexagon and allow rotation for height adjustment of the axis 18. The bearing bushes 16 are clamped between the clamping plates 10a and 10b, the lower clamping plate 10b resting on the base plate 4. In the illustrated embodiment, maintenance-free slide bearings 20 are located between the roller 9 and its axis 18, a small bead 21 in the axis ensuring that the rollers cannot inadvertently slide laterally from the axis 18 when removed.

Fig. 4 shows a variant with infinitely variable height adjustment of the rollers. Bearing bushes 16 with suitable eccentric square recesses are plugged onto the square projections 19 of the roller axis, the rotation of which changes the height of the axis and thus of the roller 9. The bearing bushes 16 are fixed in the desired position by clamping between the upper and lower clamping plates 10a and 10b.

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment in side view similar to Fig. 2 for a rolling device with stepwise height adjustability of the roller 9a and 9b. Here too, Rolling device a base plate 4, which is fastened to the stock rail 14 by means of hook 5 and hook clamping plate 7 as well as support link 6 and screw 8. The axes 18 of the two rollers 9a and 9b have special octagonal profiles 19 at their ends in the exemplary embodiment shown, which are held in place by the upper and lower clamping plates 10a and 10b in such a way that each of the two clamping plates in each case has two surfaces of the octagonal prof i les affects. Two fixing screws 11 connect the two clamping plates to one another and to the base plate.

Fig. 6 shows the octagonal ends 19 of the roller axis 18, with which eight different height positions of the roller can be achieved. The individual surfaces of the octagonal ends 19 are always in pairs opposite one another in parallel, so that in each case two "active" horizontal surfaces can be clamped between the two clamping plates 10a and 10b and two "active" vertical surfaces the axis by contact with vertical surfaces hold the two clamping plates in their horizontal position. Each of the eight surfaces has a different distance from the center of the roller lenachse 18 than the seven remaining surfaces.

In Fig. 6 i can also be seen that the octagonal profile is formed by two equal-sized squares rotated by 45 ° or a slightly different angle from one another, the center points Ml and M2 of which are offset from the center point M3 of the roller axis.

Fig. 7 shows a cross section through a rolling device with stepwise height adjustability in the region of a roller axis. The roller 9 is mounted on the fixed axis 18 via a maintenance-free slide bearing 20. The axis besitzzt octagonal ends 19 on both sides of the roller, which are held between the upper and lower clamping plates 10a and 10b. The axis 18 has in the embodiment shown in FIG the middle a small bead 19, which ensures that the roller with the maintenance-free slide bearing 20 can not accidentally slide off the axis.

Fig. 8 shows a further variant of the rolling device with stepless height adjustment. Here, too, the bearing bush 16 has an opening 19 'with a square cross-section which is eccentric to its axis of rotation 16' and into which a projection 19 (with a corresponding square cross-section) of the fixed axis 18 is inserted, the center axis 18 'of which is eccentric with respect to the axis 16'. Here, too, the bearing bushes 16 have a lateral projection 17 on which, for example, a hexagon wrench engages and the bearing bush 16 adjusts, so that the height of the axis 18 is continuously changed. Again, the bearing bush 16 is fixed in its final position by the clamping plates 10a and 10b, not shown here.

Claims

claims

1. Device for switching switch tongues with respect to a stock rail with a sliding chair, which is attached to a threshold via a sliding chair plate and with a rolling device on which the tip of the tongue rests when changing the switching tongue with rolling friction, characterized in that the rolling device (1) is separated is held by the sliding chair plate (3) on the stock rail (14) and essentially only occupies the space available above the threshold (2) next to the sliding chair plate (3).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that for the height adjustment of rollers (9) of the rolling device (1) axes (18) of the rollers (9) have polygonal profiles (19) at their ends, on which bushings

(16) or rings with an eccentric recess or bore are attached.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes (18) of the rollers (9) have eccentric square or octagonal profiles (19) at their ends, which make it possible to determine the height of the respective roller by the installation position of the axis (18 ) to change gradually.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the axes (18) of the rollers (9) are clamped between two clamping plates (10a, 10b) and these are horizontally adjustable on a base plate (4).

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rolling device (1) is attached to a base plate (4) and that the base plate (4) is attached to the foot of the stock rail (14) by means of a hook and a wedge clamping plate with wedge and screw.