WO2002075146A1 - Systeme de commande electrique de carburant pour motocyclette - Google Patents

Systeme de commande electrique de carburant pour motocyclette Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002075146A1
WO2002075146A1 PCT/CN2001/000859 CN0100859W WO02075146A1 WO 2002075146 A1 WO2002075146 A1 WO 2002075146A1 CN 0100859 W CN0100859 W CN 0100859W WO 02075146 A1 WO02075146 A1 WO 02075146A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
fuel
signal
ignition
engine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2001/000859
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Mingshan Yin
Xiangdong Zhou
Original Assignee
Chongqing Lifan Industry (Group) Co., Ltd .
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chongqing Lifan Industry (Group) Co., Ltd . filed Critical Chongqing Lifan Industry (Group) Co., Ltd .
Priority to MXPA03008369A priority Critical patent/MXPA03008369A/es
Priority to US10/469,446 priority patent/US20040078134A1/en
Priority to EP01940096A priority patent/EP1387078A4/en
Publication of WO2002075146A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002075146A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D37/00Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D37/02Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for one of the functions being ignition
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2400/00Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
    • F02D2400/06Small engines with electronic control, e.g. for hand held tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an engine fuel injection control system. Specifically, the present invention relates to an electronically controlled fuel injection system particularly suitable for small and medium displacement motorcycles. Background technique
  • the fuel supply device of the engine used for small and medium-displacement motorcycles generally uses a carburetor fuel supply device.
  • the function of the carburetor is to atomize the fuel into fine particles, and to mix air and fuel in an appropriate proportion. (Air-fuel ratio) Mix to form a good mixture for the engine.
  • the change law of the air-fuel ratio provided by the carburetor in the engine depends on the flow of fuel and air.
  • the working principle of the carburetor is the principle of using vacuum negative pressure to suck oil, because it uses vacuum negative pressure to suck oil Principle, it is difficult to maintain the optimal air-fuel ratio and completely burn the oil-gas mixture, fail to give full play to the best efficiency of the engine, and the exhaust emissions and fuel economy performance of motorcycles are always unsatisfactory.
  • the throttle on the traditional carburetor controls the amount of fuel supplied by adjusting the amount of holes. Therefore, it cannot automatically control the concentration of the oil-gas mixture instantaneously with changes in engine operating conditions and the environment, nor can it make the air-fuel ratio Accurately controlled near the theoretical value, using the carburetor method can only make the proportion of the mixed gas swing between too rich or too lean.
  • CN2399520 discloses an electronically controlled injection device for an engine.
  • the patent mainly relates to the circuit part and the specific processing of signals, but the technical content involved in this document does not disclose the connection mode and working process of the electronically controlled injection device and the engine itself.
  • CN2351577 discloses an electronically controlled injection device for motorcycles. Similarly, this document does not refer to the connection mode and working process of the electronically controlled injection device and the engine itself.
  • European patent EP0212988 discloses a turbocharged control device for an internal combustion engine, which relates to Part of the engine's electronically controlled injection technology, however, due to its relatively small control point distribution and irrational location, this same cannot achieve the "precise control" described in the present invention
  • European patent EP0397521 discloses an engine cycle control system.
  • the technical content of the electronically controlled injection part also involves the unreasonable number and position distribution of data collection points, which cannot achieve the purpose of "precise control”.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an electronically controlled fuel injection system for motorcycles.
  • the electronically controlled fuel injection system according to the present invention is particularly suitable for small and medium displacement internal combustion engines (including single-cylinder four-stroke motorcycles).
  • the present invention can be realized by setting up a system including an engine, a chip, a circuit, a sensor, and a connection method, etc., and using a variety of programs and parameters stored in the chip and combining a plurality of sensors to return the vehicle.
  • the instantaneous state parameters of the parts provide accurate instantaneous calculations, so that the engine has the advantages of precise control of air-fuel ratio, good ignition advance angle, simple structure, high degree of automation, small pollutant discharge and fuel saving.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the electronic control fuel injection system of the motorcycle and the circuit controller 18 of the present invention; wherein 39 is an external connection circuit 39;
  • FIG. 2 is a front view and a partial cross-sectional view of the throttle valve 6 described in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a right side view and a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 2;
  • the engine involved in the present invention includes an oil circuit, an oil pipe, a fuel pump, a fuel filter, a fuel pressure regulator, a fuel rail, a throttle body, a throttle opening degree sensor, an intake port, a cylinder head temperature sensor, an engine, a flywheel, Speed and ignition signal sensors, electric injectors, etc.
  • the throttle body installed on the intake port is composed of a housing, a throttle valve, an opening degree adjustment wheel, a rotating shaft, a return spring, an initial adjustment screw, a set spring, a fuel rail, and a fuel pipe nozzle, and the throttle valve is installed in the housing. It is fixed on the rotating shaft with screws. The rotating shaft passes through the housing radially. One end is equipped with an opening degree adjustment wheel and the other end is connected with the throttle opening degree sensor. A return spring is set on the rotating shaft.
  • the return spring seat shell Between the body and the opening degree adjustment wheel, an initial adjustment screw is installed on the casing, the protruding end of the screw is in contact with the rotating shaft, and a fuel rail is installed above the casing, and the fuel rail communicates with the casing through the electric injector.
  • the fuel nozzle on the fuel rail is connected to the fuel pipe; an intake air temperature sensor is installed in front of the throttle body.
  • the circuit controller includes a micro-processing and conversion circuit 32, a signal processing circuit 33, an ignition circuit 34, an injection driving circuit 35, an oil pump control circuit 36, a signal acquisition circuit 37, a reset circuit 38, an external connection circuit 39, and a power supply circuit.
  • 40 components in which the input terminal of the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 is connected to the signal acquisition circuit 37, the signal processing circuit 33, the reset circuit 38 and the power supply circuit 40, and the output terminal is connected to the ignition circuit 34, the fuel injection driving circuit 35, and the oil pump control circuit 36 , Reset circuit 38, external connection circuit 39;
  • the input terminal of the external connection circuit 39 is connected to the ignition circuit 34, the fuel injection drive circuit 35, the oil pump control circuit 36, and the power supply circuit 40 in addition to the microprocessing and conversion circuit 32, and the output terminal is connected to the signal processing circuit 33 and the signal.
  • the collection circuit 37 and the power circuit 40 it is also connected to a fuel pump, an electric fuel injector, an intake air temperature sensor, a throttle opening degree sensor, a cylinder head temperature sensor, a speed and point large signal sensor, and an igniter.
  • the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 in the circuit controller is a storage device containing a computer program, and it not only stores the calculation program and calculation result of the throttle opening degree, the cylinder head temperature, the intake air temperature, the rotation speed and the ignition signal And occurrence time, as well as air-fuel ratio data and total operation program, and also stored: a. Calculation program for calculating the injector injection time, throttle opening degree, cylinder head temperature, intake temperature, speed and ignition signal calculation, calculation Data comparator for results and occurrence time under various operating conditions; b. Fuel injection device controlled by each sensor output signal and comparator output signal;
  • the present invention adopts a circuit controller (ECU) and a program stored in the chip 41, uses various sensors to detect various operating states of the engine, and accurately calculates the engine combustion time based on the air flow signal detected directly or indirectly through the judgment of a microcomputer.
  • the required amount of gasoline is provided to the injector with an open signal, and the corresponding delay time is controlled.
  • the gasoline with a certain pressure is supplied to the engine through the opened injector, so that the engine can be used in various different conditions.
  • the engine includes a fuel pump 1, a fuel filter 2, a fuel pressure regulator 3, a fuel rail 4, an intake temperature sensor 5, a throttle body 6, a throttle opening degree sensor 7, and an engine.
  • Airway 8 cylinder head temperature sensor 9, engine 10, flywheel 11, speed and ignition signal sensor 12, spark plug 13, ignition coil 14, igniter 15, electric injector 16, wire 17, circuit controller 18 and power storage ⁇ 19 ⁇ ⁇ 20 ⁇ ⁇ 21 ⁇ 19, the oil pipe 20.
  • a fuel pump 1 is installed in the fuel tank 21, and an oil pipe 20 is provided below the fuel pump 1 and the fuel tank 21, and an outlet of the oil pipe 20 is provided.
  • Fuel filter 2 a fuel pressure regulator 3 is installed at the inlet of the fuel pipe 20, and a fuel rail 4 is installed in the middle of the fuel pipe 20, and the fuel rail 4 communicates with the engine intake port 8 through the electric injector 16;
  • the cylinder head is equipped with a cylinder head temperature sensor 9 and a spark plug 13.
  • the spark plug 13 is connected to the igniter 15 through an ignition wire ⁇ 14.
  • a speed and ignition signal sensor 12 is installed next to the flywheel 11 at the lower part of the engine 10; a throttle body 6 is located at the engine In the intake port 8, there is an intake temperature sensor 5 in front of the throttle body 6, and an electric injector 16 in the rear; a fuel pump 1, a fuel rail 4, an intake temperature sensor 5, a throttle opening degree sensor 7, a rotational speed And the ignition signal sensor 12, the igniter 15, and the electric fuel injector 16 are respectively connected to a circuit controller (ECU) 18 via a wire 17, and the circuit controller (ECU) 18 is connected to the battery 19.
  • ECU circuit controller
  • the throttle body 6 installed on the intake port 8 is composed of a housing 23, a throttle valve 24, an opening degree adjusting wheel 27, a rotating shaft 28, a recovery spring 29, and an initial adjusting screw 30.
  • Tight It consists of a fixed spring 31, a fuel rail 4, and a fuel nozzle 26.
  • the throttle valve 24 is installed in the housing 23 and fixed to the rotating shaft 28 with screws.
  • the rotating shaft 28 passes radially through the housing 23, and one end is installed with an opening degree adjusting wheel 27, and the other end is connected with the throttle opening degree sensor.
  • a return spring 29 is set on the rotating shaft 28, the return spring 29 is located between the housing 23 and the opening degree adjustment wheel 27, and an initial adjustment screw 30 is installed on the housing 23, and the screw 30 extends into The end is in contact with the rotating shaft 28, and a fuel rail 4 is installed above the casing 23.
  • the fuel rail 4 communicates with the casing 23 through the electric injector 16, and the oil pipe nozzle 26 on the fuel rail 4 is connected to the oil pipe 20.
  • the throttle housing 23 is equivalent to the intake port 8 of the engine.
  • One end of the housing 23 is connected to the engine cylinder head 22 on the original vehicle, and the other end is connected to the engine on the original vehicle.
  • the air filter 25 is connected, and the intake air temperature sensor 5 is installed on the air filter 25; the fuel rail 4 is installed above the housing 23 and located in the middle of the oil pipe 20; the throttle opening degree sensor 7 and the electric spray
  • the oiler 16 is connected to a circuit controller (ECU) 18 via a wire.
  • ECU circuit controller
  • the circuit controller 18 of the present invention is a control unit (ECU) circuit.
  • ECU control unit
  • the control unit (ECU) circuit of the present invention includes a micro-processing and conversion circuit 32, a signal processing circuit 33, an ignition circuit 34, an fuel injection driving circuit 35, an oil pump control circuit 36, a signal collecting circuit 37, a reset circuit 38, and an external device. Connection circuit 39, power circuit 40.
  • the input terminals of the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 are connected to the signal collecting circuit 37, the signal processing circuit 33, the reset circuit 38 and the power supply circuit 40, respectively, and the output terminals are connected to the ignition circuit 34, the fuel injection driving circuit 35, the oil pump control circuit 36, The reset circuit 38 and an external connection circuit 39.
  • the input of the external connection circuit 39 is connected to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32, and also connected to the ignition circuit 34, the fuel injection drive circuit 35, the oil pump control circuit 36 and the power supply circuit 40;
  • the output terminal is also connected to the fuel pump 1, the electric fuel injector 16, the intake air temperature sensor 5, the throttle opening degree sensor 7, and the cylinder.
  • the head temperature sensor 9, the speed and ignition signal sensor 12, and the igniter 15 are connected;
  • the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 in the circuit controller (18) is a storage device containing a computer program, and it not only stores the throttle valve opening Degree, cylinder head temperature, intake air temperature, speed and ignition signal calculation procedures, calculation results and occurrence time, as well as air-fuel ratio data and total operation procedures, but also include: I. Calculate the injector injection time program, ⁇ .
  • Data comparators for calculation procedures of throttle opening degree, cylinder head temperature, intake air temperature, speed and ignition signal, data comparison results and time of occurrence under various operating conditions III. Fuel injection device controlled by each sensor output signal and comparator output signal, IV. Fault storage and fault display device, V. Fuel-saving protection device, VI. Ignition device controlled by each sensor output signal and comparator output signal.
  • the fuel injection device stored in the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 in FIG. 4) is selected as follows:
  • the fuel-saving protection device stored in the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 in FIG. 4 (a) according to the present invention is selected as follows:
  • the fault storage and fault display device stored in the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 in FIG. 4) according to the present invention refers to the fault storage and fault display device according to the storage when the electronically controlled fuel injection system according to the present invention fails.
  • the memory status in the display device is displayed, and the fault code is displayed on the display device.
  • the output terminal of the signal processing circuit 33 in the circuit controller 18 in FIG. 4) and FIG. 4 (b) described in the present invention is connected to the ignition circuit 34 and the reset circuit 38 in addition to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32. ;
  • the input terminal of the fuel injection driving circuit 35 is connected to the reset circuit 38 in addition to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32, and the output terminal is also connected to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 in addition to the external connection circuit 39;
  • the input end of the oil pump control circuit 36 is connected to the signal processing circuit 33 in addition to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32.
  • composition and function of each circuit unit in the circuit controller 18 according to the present invention are:
  • the microprocessor uses 97C52 (or 87C51 / 87C52 series) chips, and the A / D converter uses ADC0808 / 0809 or other chips with equivalent functions.
  • This circuit is based on the signals collected by the throttle sensor, cylinder temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, and speed sensor. After the A / D conversion, the microprocessor will issue the corresponding instructions in time to control the oil pump, The working state of the fuel injector and igniter, so as to control the air-fuel ratio and ignition angle of the mixed gas entering the engine to reach the optimal value.
  • IC4B, IC4C, IC4D, and IC6 in this circuit are used as internal information exchange between the microprocessor and the A / D converter.
  • This circuit consists of IC3A, IC3B, IC3C, IC3D, IC3E, IC3F, IC7C, IC7D, IC13F, N2, N9, Nil. N12, D5, D6, Zl, D16, D18, Z2, D8, C24, C20, C12, C13 , C5, R16, R31, R14, R17, R35, R34, R36, R42, R40, R41, R43, R22, R45.
  • the input terminal of the circuit is connected to the external connection circuit 39, and the output terminal is connected to the microprocessing and conversion circuit 32, the ignition circuit 34, and the reset circuit 38.
  • the microprocessor is used as the phase basis for fuel injection and ignition, and an interrupt signal is provided.
  • the ignition circuit 34 is used to control the ignition, and the reset circuit 38 is used as the home circuit control signal.
  • This circuit is mainly composed of R54, R19, C21, D15, IC1B, R38, R26, R37, N8, Dll, R59, R55, R12, D12, C8, IC1A, R18, R33, R32, N10, R60, D13; the The input terminal of the circuit is connected to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 and the signal processing circuit 33, and the output terminal is connected to the external connection circuit 39.
  • the instruction signal ESA sent by the microprocessor and the rotation speed signal work together to send out ignition pulses to the electronic igniter, so that it generates high-voltage pulses for the spark plug to ignite.
  • This circuit consists of IC5D, IC5C, IC7A, IC5B, IC7B, IC8B, IC8C, R4, R48, R25, N4, R5, N5, Z3, R52, R29, R47, R30, N3, R44, R28, N7, Z4;
  • the input end of the circuit is connected to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 and the reset circuit 38, and the output end is connected to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 and the external connection circuit 39, respectively.
  • This circuit consists of logic control and boost amplification.
  • the RS flip-flop composed of IC5D and IC5C is controlled by the reset signal and generates a direct set signal to control the operation of the injector.
  • IC7A and IC7B are issued according to the set state and the microprocessor.
  • the fuel injection instruction (FPC) is combined with the working state of the microprocessor (given by IC5B) to send out the fuel injection signal, which is amplified by N4 and then pushes the power amplifier tube N5 to get the fuel injection pulse to make the fuel injector work.
  • R52 in the figure is the sampling resistor for detection.
  • IC5B receives a fixed signal from UA556 to push the injector to work at a fixed frequency and flow rate, so that the motorcycle can work temporarily, which is called "home" Circuit.
  • This circuit consists of R57, C9, D173, R2, R58, C10, D2, R7, IC1C, IC2A, IC2B, R8, R9, R49, Nl, R46, D3, R24, C121;
  • the input terminal is connected to the microprocessing and conversion circuit 32 and the signal processing circuit 33, and the output is connected to the microprocessing and conversion circuit 32 and the external connection circuit 39.
  • This circuit pushes the fuel relay to work according to the logic processing of IC1C, IC2A, IC2B according to the start and stop signals from the microprocessor and the working signals from the speed signal processing circuit 33.
  • D3 and C121 are protection circuits, and R46 is a fault detection sampling resistor.
  • IC1C's DRPMP signal is valid when "going home".
  • This circuit consists of R192, R50, VRJ, Rll, R20, Z7, R53, R21, Z8, R23, Z9, C25;
  • This circuit feeds the collected signals to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32.
  • the throttle signal THRTT is sampled and held in the A / D converter by R23, Z9, and C25.
  • the cylinder temperature signal THW is sent to the A / D converter via R20, Z7 sampling and holding.
  • the air temperature signal THA is sampled and held by R21 and Z8 and sent to the A / D converter.
  • R50 and VRJ are used for fine adjustment of fuel injection flow.
  • This circuit is mainly composed of UA556A, UA556B, IC4E, IC5A, IC8D, IC8A, IC9A and related peripheral circuits;
  • the input terminal of this circuit is connected to the micro-processing and conversion circuit 32 and the signal processing circuit 33, and the output terminal is connected to the fuel injection driving circuit 35.
  • This circuit is triggered by the program monitoring signal WDT in the microprocessor.
  • the UA556A and UA556B circuits send a reset signal RST. When the power is turned on and the program fails, the microprocessor is reset and returned to the initial state to ensure the normal operation of the program.
  • UA556A Another function of UA556A, UA556B is to give a "home” signal after the microprocessor stops working due to a fault, so that the "home” circuit works.
  • This circuit is mainly composed of T1A, TIB, R116, R115, Z6, Z5;
  • the input of this circuit is also connected to the ignition circuit 34, the fuel injection drive circuit 35, the oil pump control circuit 36, and the power supply circuit 40, and the output is connected to the signal processing circuit. 33.
  • the T1A and TIB in this circuit are 28-pin sockets, which are used to connect external (ie, related parts in the electronic fuel control injection system of motorcycles) power supplies, sensors, fuel pump relays, fuel injectors, fault indicators, and lighters.
  • INJ is connected to the injector
  • PUMP is connected to the pump relay
  • CDIU is connected to the igniter
  • VCC is the output 5 volt power supply
  • SIGN is connected to the speed signal sensor
  • GND is grounded
  • THRTT is connected to the throttle sensor
  • THW is connected to the cylinder temperature sensor
  • THA is connected to the intake air.
  • Temperature sensor, VBAT is connected to 12 volt power supply
  • RXD, TXD are connected to the fault display.
  • the power circuit 40 is composed of D17, El, E2, Z10, R10, R3, Cll, C3, C411, C6, C14, and GND;
  • the input terminal of this circuit is connected to the battery (battery) of the motorcycle, and the output terminal is connected to the power terminal of each circuit unit to provide power to each circuit.
  • Z10, R10, R3 are used for power detection, and the detection results are sent to the microprocessor through the A / D converter.
  • the working process of the electronically controlled fuel injection system according to the present invention is as follows:
  • the circuit controller 18 gets a reset signal. At this time, it will give a relay signal to the fuel pump 1 relay for 6 seconds. After the regulator 3 adjusts the pressure, it is pumped to the tail of the electric injector 16.
  • the starter motor When the start button is pressed, the starter motor will drive the engine crankshaft. At this time, the speed and ignition signal sensor 12 will send an ignition pulse to the circuit controller 18 every revolution.
  • the engine speed and ignition signal sensor 12 and the over-temperature temperature sensor 5 and the cylinder head temperature sensor 9 at the front end of the throttle body 6 are based on various conditions of the engine at the time of startup (such as the speed, intake temperature, and engine cylinder head temperature).
  • the corresponding electric signal is generated and transmitted to the circuit controller 18.
  • the calculation program stored in 97C52 in the controller 18 is used for calculation and processing to obtain the optimal fuel injection amount that meets the engine operating conditions, and the resulting injection signal is sent to the electric fuel injection. Outlet of the device 16.
  • the fuel is supplied to the electric injector 16 via the fuel pipe 20, the nozzle 26, and the fuel rail 4, and the electric injector 16 Fuel is injected according to the injection signal provided by the circuit controller 18.
  • the igniter 15 When the electric injector 16 is turned on, the igniter 15 also receives the ignition signal calculated by the circuit controller 18 (this signal contains the ignition advance angle signal). The high voltage package and the ignition coil 14 cause the spark plug 13 to generate electric sparks. The oil-vapor mixture of the fire engine combustion chamber ignites, and the engine starts and starts to work normally.
  • each sensor When the engine is operating under various operating conditions such as acceleration, deceleration, and load operation, each sensor sends various corresponding electrical signals to the circuit controller 18 (ECU), and the ECU calculates the opening time of the electric injector 16 and Corresponding ignition signals meet the optimal operating conditions of the engine under different operating conditions.
  • ECU circuit controller 18
  • control flow of the motorcycle electronically controlled fuel injection system according to the present invention is as follows:
  • step 6 if it is N, judge: "throttle valve opening degree-last throttle valve opening degree> prescribed value"; judgement: “throttle valve opening degree-last throttle valve opening degree> prescribed value”, if N If it is Y, call the table lookup subroutine, then modify the table lookup result and return 9.
  • the motorcycle electronically controlled fuel injection system and carburetor mode of the invention and the prior art has the following advantages:
  • the main advantage of the electronically controlled fuel injection system according to the present invention is that the system can The change automatically performs instantaneous control of the air and fuel mixture concentration to achieve the purpose of precise control;
  • Another advantage of the electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention is that the engine obtains an appropriate air-fuel ratio under various operating conditions, and the ignition advance angle reaches an optimal value;
  • the electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, high degree of automation, small amount of pollution and fuel saving; the electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention is more suitable for small and medium displacement internal combustion engines, especially small displacement Measuring four-stroke engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

摩托车电子控制燃油喷射系统 技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种发动机燃油喷射控制系统, 体地讲,本发明涉及的是 一种特别适用于中小排量摩托车的电子控制燃油喷射系统。 背景技术
现有技术中,中小排量的摩托车所使用的发动机的燃油供给装置普遍采用化 油器供油装置,化油器的功用是将燃油雾化成细小的颗粒,并将空气和燃油按适 当比例 (空燃比) 混合, 形成良好的混合气供给发动机。
所述的发动机中的化油器所提供的空燃比的变化规律取决于燃油和空气的 流动规律, 化油器的工作原理是釆用真空负压吸油的原理, 正因为釆用真空负压 吸油的原理,使得保持最佳的空燃比并使油气混合物完全燃烧变的很困难,不能 发挥发动机的最佳效率, 而且摩托车的尾气排放和燃油经济性能也始终差强人 意。
另外, 传统化油器上的节气门是通过调整孔量来控制供油量, 因此, 它不能 随发动机工况和环境的变化而自动地对油气混合汽浓度进行瞬时控制,也不能使 空燃比精确地控制在理论值附近,采用化油器方式只能使混合气的比例在过浓或 过稀之间摆动。
为了使发动机在任何工况下处于最佳运行状态,使供油量能随发动机工况和 环境的变化而自动对油气混合汽浓度进行瞬时控制,国内外有关人员作了大量的 研究,但大多没有成功。只有大排量或双缸四冲程摩托车发动机的电子控制喷射 技术有所突破, 但由于结构复杂, 成本高, 难以进行工业化生产, 并且, 这类的 电子控制喷射技术无法直接应用到中小排量单缸四冲程摩托车上。
CN2399520 公开了一种发动机的电子控制喷射装置, 该专利主要涉及的是 电路部分和对信号的具体处理,但是该文献涉及的技术内容没有公开电子控制喷 射装和发动机本身的连接方式和工作过程。
CN2351577 公开了一种摩托车电子电控喷射装置, 同样, 该文献没有涉及 电子控制喷射装和发动机本身的连接方式和工作过程。
欧洲专利 EP0212988公开了一种内燃机涡轮增压的控制装置, 其中涉及了 部分发动机电子控制喷射技术,但是,由于其控制点分布相对较少和位置不合理, 因此, 该相同不能实现本发明所述的 "精确控制"
欧洲专利 EP0397521公开了一种发动机循环控制系统, 其中涉及的电子控 制喷射部分的技术内容同样也存在数据采集点的数量和位置分布的不合理,不能 达到 "精确控制" 的目的。 发明目的
本发明的主要 g的是提供一种摩托车用电子控制燃油喷射系统,本发明所述 的电子控制燃油喷射系统特别适用于中小排量内燃机 (包括单缸四冲程摩托车)。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种采用所述电子控制燃油喷射系统的发动机, 使得设置有所述电子控制燃油喷射系统的发动机可用于中小排量的摩托车。
本发明的还有一个目的是提供一种采用了所述电子控制燃油喷射发动机的 摩托车。 技术方案
本发明可以通过如下方式得以实现, 设立一包括发动机、 芯片、 电路、 传感 器以及连接方式等在内的系统,利用所述芯片中存储的各种程序和参数并结合多 个传感器传回的车辆主要部位的瞬间状态参数,提供精确的瞬间计算,使发动机 具有精确控制空燃比、 点火提前角度佳、 结构简单、 自动化程度高、 排污量小以 及节约燃油的优点。
通过以下的详细说明,并结合附图以及本发明的优选实施例,本发明所述的 电子控制燃油喷射系统的目的、 特点和优点可以更加清楚地显现。 附图说明
本发明所述的附图说明如下:
附图 1是本发明所述的摩托车电子控制燃油喷射系统以及电路控制器 18之 间的连接关系示意图; 其中, 39是外部连接电路 39;
附图 2是附图 1中所述的节气门 6的主视图以及部分剖视图;
附图 3是附图 2的右视图以及部分剖视图;
附图 4 ( a )、 ( b )是附图 1中所述的电路控制器 18的电路原理图; 详细描述
本发明涉及的发动机包括油路、 油管、 燃油泵、 燃油滤清器、 燃油压力调节 器、 燃油轨、 节气门体、 节气门开启程度传感器、 进气道、 缸头温度传感器、 发 动机、 飞轮、 转速及点火信号传感器、 电动喷油器等。
安装在进气道上的节气门体由壳体、 节气门、 开启程度调节轮、 转轴、 回位 弹簧、 初始调整螺钉、 紧定弹簧、 燃油轨、 油管接咀组成, 其中节气门安装在壳 体内, 并用螺钉固定在转轴上, 转轴径向穿过壳体, 它的一端安装开启程度调节 轮, 另一端与节气门开启程度传感器连接, 在转轴上套装有回位弹簧, 该回位弹 簧位子壳体和开启程度调节轮之间,在壳体上安装有初始调整螺钉,该螺钉的伸 入端与转轴接触,在壳体上方安装有燃油轨,该燃油轨经电动喷油器与壳体相通, 燃油轨上的油管接咀与油管相连; 在节气门体的前方装有进气温度传感器。
所述的电路控制器由微处理及转换电路 32、信号处理电路 33、点火电路 34、 喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36、 信号采集电路 37、 复位电路 38、 外部连接 电路 39、 电源电路 40组成, 其中微处理及转换电路 32输入端分别接信号采集 电路 37、 信号处理电路 33、 复位电路 38和电源电路 40, 输出端分别接点火电 路 34、 喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36、 复位电路 38、 外部连接电路 39;
外部连接电路 39的输入端除与微处理及转换电路 32连接外,还分别接点火 电路 34、 喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36和电源电路 40, 输出端除与信号 处理电路 33、 信号采集电路 37和电源电路 40连接外, 还分别与燃油泵、 电动 喷油器、 进气温度传感器、 节气门开启程度传感器、 缸头温度传感器、 转速及点 大信号传感器、 点火器连接,
所述的电路控制器中的微处理及转换电路 32是一个含计算机程序的存储装 置, 它不仅存储有节气门开启程度、 缸头温度、 进气温度、 转速和点火信号的计 算程序、 计算结果和发生时间以及空燃比数据和总运行程序, 而且还存储有: a、 计算喷油器喷油时间程序、 节气门开启程度、 缸头温度、 进气温度、 转 速和点火信号的计算程序、 计算结果与发生时间在各工况下的数据比较器; b、 受各传感器输出信号及比较器输出信号控制的喷油装置;
c、 故障存储和故障显示装置;
d、 节油保护装置;
e、 受各传感器输出信号及比较器输出信号控制的点火装置。 本发明采用电路控制器(ECU )及在芯片 41存储的程序, 利用各种传感器 检测发动机的各种运行状态,根据直接或者间接检测的空气流量信号,通过微机 的判断, 精确计算出发动机燃烧时所需要的汽油量, 向喷油器提供开启信号, 并 控制相应的延迟时间, 然后,将加有一定压力的汽油通过开启的喷油器供给发动 机, 使发动机在各种不同工况下, 均能获得合适的空燃比(空气和燃油的混合比 例)。
通过理论的计算和实验可以得知,在标准状况下, 完全燃烧 1公斤汽油所需 的空气量为 14. 7公斤, 但是, 在实际应用上, 随着发动机的工况不同, 所需的 空燃比也随之改变。
为了实现本发明所述系统功能,就需要进一步解释发动机本身的结构、 电子 控制装置、 它们的连接方式和运行方式。
为了清楚地理解本发明, 下面将本发明涉及的附图的主要部件的编号、位置 关系以及连接方式公开如下:
在附图 1中, 所述的发动机包括燃油泵 1、 燃油滤清器 2、 燃油压力调节器 3、 燃油轨 4、 进气温度传感器 5、 节气门体 6、 节气门开启程度传感器 7、 进气 道 8、 缸头温度传感器 9、 发动机 10、 飞轮 11、 转速及点火信号传感器 12、 火 花塞 13、 点火线圈 14、 点火器 15、 电动喷油器 16、 导线 17、 电路控制器 18和 蓄电地 19、 油管 20以及油箱 21。
本发明的附图 1 中显示的各部件之间的连接关系及位置关系如下: 在油箱 21内装有燃油泵 1, 燃油泵 1及油箱 21下方设置有油管 20, 在油管 20的出口 处装有燃油滤清 2, 在油管 20的进口处装有燃油压力调节器 3, 在油管 20中部 装有燃油轨 4, 该燃油轨 4经电动喷油器 16与发动机进气道 8相通; 在发动机 的缸头装有缸头温度传感器 9和火花塞 13, 火花塞 13经点火线圏 14与点火器 15相连, 在发动机 10下部的飞轮 11旁边装有转速及点火信号传感器 12; 节气 门体 6位于发动机的进气道 8上, 在节气门体 6的前方有进气温度传感器 5, 后 方为电动喷油器 16; 燃油泵 1、 燃油轨 4、 进气温度传感器 5、 节气门开启程度 传感器 7、 转速及点火信号传感器 12、 点火器 15、 电动喷油器 16经导线 17分 别与电路控制器 (ECU ) 18连接, 电路控制器 (ECU ) 18与蓄电池 19连接。
从图 2、图 3中可以进一步看到:安装在进气道 8上的节气门体 6由壳体 23、 节气门 24、 开启程度调节轮 27、 转轴 28、 回收弹簧 29、 初始调整螺钉 30、 紧 定弹簧 31、 燃油轨 4、 油管接咀 26组成。
其中, 节气门 24安装在壳体 23内, 并用螺钉固定在转轴 28上, 转轴 28 径向穿过壳体 23, 它的一端安装开启程度调节轮 27, 另一端与节气门开启程度 泠感器 7连接, 在转轴 28上套装有回位弹簧 29, 该回位弹簧 29位子壳体 23和 开启程度调节轮 27之间, 在壳体 23上安装有初始调整螺钉 30, 该螺钉 30的伸 入端与转轴 28接触, 在壳体 23上方安装有燃油轨 4, 该燃油轨 4经电动喷油器 16与壳体 23相通, 燃油轨 4上的油管接咀 26与油管 20相连。
结合图 1、 图 3可以清楚地看到: 节气门壳体 23相当于发动机的进气道 8, 壳体 23的一端与原车上的发动机汽缸头 22连接,另一端与原车上的发动机空气 滤请器 25相连,进气温度传感器 5安装在该空气滤清器 25上;燃油轨 4既安装 在壳体 23的上方, 又位于油管 20的中部; 节气门开启程度传感器 7和电动喷油 器 16经导线与电路控制器 (ECU ) 18相连。
如图 4( a )和图 4( b )所示:本发明的电路控制器 18是一个控制单元( ECU ) 电路。
本发明所述的控制单元 (ECU ) 电路包括微处理及转换电路 32、 信号处理 电路 33、 点火电路 34、 喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36、 信号釆集电路 37、 复位电路 38、 外部连接电路 39、 电源电路 40。
其中, 微处理及转换电路 32输入端分别接信号釆集电路 37、 信号处理电路 33、 复位电路 38和电源电路 40, 输出端分别接点火电路 34、 喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36、 复位电路 38、 外部连接电路 39。
所述的外部连接电路 39的输入端除与微处理及转换电路 32连接外,还分别 接点火电路 34、 喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36和电源电路 40;
所述的输出端除与信号处理电路 33、 信号采集电路 37和电源电路 40连接 外, 还分别与燃油泵 1、 电动喷油器 16、 进气温度传感器 5、 节气门开启程度传 感器 7、 缸头温度传感器 9、 转速及点火信号传感器 12、 点火器 15连接; 所述的电路控制器(18 ) 中的微处理及转换电路 32是一个含计算机程序的 存储装置, 它不仅存储有节气门开启程度、 缸头温度、 进气温度、 转速和点火信 号的计算程序、计算结果和发生时间以及空燃比数据和总运行程序,而且还包括: I。 计算喷油器喷油时间程序, Π。 节气门开启程度、 缸头温度、 进气温度、 转 速和点火信号的计算程序、 计算结果与发生时间在各工况下的数据比较器, III。 受各传感器输出信号及比较器输出信号控制的喷油装置, IV。 故障存储和故障 显示装置, V。 节油保护装置, VI.受各传感器输出信号及比较器输出信号控制的 点火装置。
本发明所述的图 4 )中的微处理及转换电路 32中存储的喷油装置按如下 动作进行选择:
-对存储在计算喷油时间及结果程序存储器中的结果进行适时开启;
-对存储在总运行程序存储器中的关闭响应结果停止工作。
本发明所述的图 4 ( a )中的微处理及转换电路 32中存储的节油保护装置按 如下动作进行选择:
-当摩托车处在挂挡加油或加速运行状态时, 该装置不动作;
-当摩托车处于挂挡松油门或滑行状态时, 该装置控制喷油装置停止喷油。 本发明所述的图 4 )中的微处理及转换电路 32中存储的故障存储和故障 显示装置是指当本发明所述的电子控制燃油喷射系统发生故障时,故障存储和故 障显示装置根据存储显示装置中的存储状态, 在显示装置上显示故障代码。
本发明所述的图 4 )、 图 4 ( b )中的电路控制器 18中的信号处理电路 33 的输出端除与微处理及转换电路 32联接外, 还与点火电路 34、 复位电路 38联 接;
其中,喷油驱动电路 35的输入端除与微处理及转换电路 32联接外,还与复 位电路 38联接, 输出端除与外部连接电路 39联接外, 还与微处理及转换电路 32联接;
另外, 所述的油泵控制电路 36的输入端除与微处理及转换电路 32联接外, 还与信号处理电路 33联接。
本发明所述的电路控制器 18中各电路单元的组成及功能是:
一、 微处理及转换电路 32
微处理器用 97C52(或 87C51 / 87C52系列)芯片, A / D转换器用 ADC0808 / 0809或其它同等功能的芯片。
该电路根据节气门传感器、缸温传感器、 进气温度传感器、 转速传感器采集 到的信号,经 A / D转换后由微处理器根据各种工况的实际需要适时发出相应的 指令, 控制油泵、 喷油器、 点火器的工作状态, 从而控制进入发动机的混合气体 的空燃比和点火角度达到最佳值。 该电路中的 IC4B、 IC4C、 IC4D、 IC6作为微处理器与 A / D转换器内部信 息交换用。
二、 信号处理电路 33
该电路由 IC3A、 IC3B、 IC3C、 IC3D、 IC3E、 IC3F、 IC7C、 IC7D、 IC13F、 N2、 N9、 Nil. N12、 D5、 D6、 Zl、 D16、 D18、 Z2、 D8、 C24、 C20、 C12、 C13、 C5、 R16、 R31、 R14、 R17、 R35、 R34、 R36、 R42、 R40、 R41、 R43、 R22、 R45组成。
该电路的输入端接外部连接电路 39、 输出端分别接微处理及转换电路 32、 点火电路 34、 复位电路 38; 该电路的转速信号 SIGN经去耦、 整形、 鉴幅、 电 平转换后, 送微处理器作为喷油、 点火的相位依据, 并提供中断信号, 送点火电 路 34控制点火, 送复位电路 38作回家电路控制信号。
三、 点火电路 34
该电路主要由 R54、 R19、 C21、 D15、 IC1B、 R38、 R26、 R37、 N8、 Dll、 R59、 R55、 R12、 D12、 C8、 IC1A、 R18、 R33、 R32、 N10、 R60、 D13组成; 该电路输入端接微处理及转换电路 32和信号处理电路 33, 输出端接外部连 接电路 39。 该电路由微处理器发出的指令信号 ESA与转速信号共同作用发出点 火脉冲给电子点火器, 使之产生高压脉冲供火花塞点火。
四、 喷油驱动电路 35
该电路由 IC5D、 IC5C、 IC7A、 IC5B、 IC7B、 IC8B、 IC8C、 R4、 R48、 R25、 N4、 R5、 N5、 Z3、 R52 R29、 R47、 R30、 N3、 R44、 R28、 N7、 Z4组 成;
该电路输入端分别接微处理及转换电路 32和复位电路 38, 输出端分别接微 处理及转换电路 32和外部连接电路 39。
该电路由逻辑控制及推动放大组成, IC5D、 IC5C组成的 RS触发器受控于 复位信号, 产生直接置位信号控制喷油器的工作与否, IC7A、 IC7B根据置位状 态和微处理器发出的喷油指令(FPC ) 结合微处理器工作状态 (由 IC5B给出) 发出喷油信号, 由 N4放大后推动功放管 N5得到喷油脉冲使喷油器工作。
图中 R52为取样电阻, 作检测用。
当微处理器电路出故障不能正常工作时, IC5B接收由 UA556发出的一固定 信号推动喷油器以固定频率和流量工作, 使摩托车能临时工作, 称之为 "回家" 电路。
五、 油泵控制电路 36
该电路由 R57、 C9、 D173、 R2、 R58、 C10、 D2、 R7、 IC1C、 IC2A、 IC2B、 R8、 R9、 R49、 Nl、 R46、 D3、 R24、 C121组成;
该电路注输入端接微处理及转换电路 32和信号处理电路 33, 输出瑞接微处 理及转换电路 32和外部连接电路 39。 该电路根据微处理器发出的起动、 停止信 号和转速信号处理电路 33发出的工作信号经 IC1C、 IC2A、 IC2B逻辑处理后 推动燃油继电器工作。
其中, D3、 C121为保护电路, R46为故障检测取样电阻。
IC1C的 DRPMP信号在 "回家" 时有效。
六、 信号采集电路 37
该电路由 R192、 R50、 VRJ、 Rll、 R20、 Z7、 R53、 R21、 Z8、 R23、 Z9、 C25组成;
该电路将所采集的信号输送给微处理及转换电路 32。 其中节气门信号 THRTT经 R23、 Z9、 C25取样保持进 A / D转换器。 缸温信号 THW经 R20、 Z7取样保持送 A / D转换器。 空温信号 THA经 R21、 Z8取样保持送 A / D转 换器。 R50、 VRJ用作微调喷油流量。
七、 复位电路 38
该电路主要由 UA556A、 UA556B、 IC4E、 IC5A、 IC8D、 IC8A、 IC9A及 相关外围电路组成;
该电路输入端接微处理及转换电路 32和信号处理电路 33, 输出端接喷油驱 动电路 35。该电路由微处理器中程序监控信号 WDT触发 UA556A、 UA556B电 路发出复位信号 RST, 在电源开启和程序故障时使微处理器复位, 回到初始状 态, 以保证程序正常运行。
UA556A, UA556B的另一作用是当微处理器因故障停止工作后给出 "回家" 信号, 使 "回家" 电路工作。
八、 外部连接电路 39
该电路主要由 T1A、 TIB, R116、 R115、 Z6、 Z5组成;
该电路输入端除与微处理及转换电路 32连接外, 还分别接点火电路 34、 喷 油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36和电源电路 40, 输出端分别接信号处理电路 33、 信号采集电路 37和电源电路 40。
该电路中的 T1A、 TIB为 28芯插座, 用来连接外部 (即摩托车电子燃油控 制喷射系统中的相关件)电源、 传感器、 油泵继电器、 喷油器、 故障显示器、 点 火器。
其中, INJ接喷油器, PUMP接油泵继电器, CDIU接点火器, VCC是输 出的 5伏电源, SIGN接转速信号传感器, GND接地, THRTT接节气门传感器, THW接缸温传感器, THA接进气温度传感器, VBAT接 12伏电源, RXD、 TXD 接故障显示器。
九、 电源电路 40
该电源电路 40由 D17、 El、 E2、 Z10、 R10、 R3、 Cll、 C3、 C411、 C6、 C14、 GND组成;
该电路输入端接摩托车的蓄电池 (电瓶), 输出端分别与各电路单元的电源 端连接, 给各电路提供电源。
在该电路中, Z10、 R10、 R3用作电源检测, 检测结果通过 A / D转换器 送微处理器。
本发明所述的电子控制燃油喷射系统的工作过程如下:
当摩托车的电源开关接通后, 电路控制器 18 ( ECU )得到一个复位信号, 此时会给燃油泵 1继电器一个接通信号, 时间为 6秒钟, 将油箱 21中的汽油经 燃压力调节器 3调压后泵送到电动喷油器 16的尾部。
当按动发动机的启动按钮时,稍加油门,节气门开启程度传感器 7会有位移, 此位移会产生微弱的电信号传送到电路控制器 18中,该控制器 18得到信号后会 向燃油泵 1继电器发出开后信号, 将油泵 1电源接通, 油泵 1开始工作。
在按下启动按钮的同时,启动电机会带动发动机曲轴转动,这时,每转一圏, 转速及点火信号传感器 12会发出一个点火脉冲给电路控制器 18。
与此同时, 发动机转速及点火信号传感器 12和节气门体 6前端的过气温度 传感器 5以及缸头温度传感器 9根据启动时发动机的各种状况(如转速、进气温 度、 发动机气缸头温度)产生相应的电信号传送给电路控制器 18, 该控制器 18 内存储在 97C52 的计算程序进行运算处理, 得到满足发动机运转工况的最佳喷 油量, 并将结果喷射信号送往电动喷油器 16的出口端。
燃油经油管 20、 油管接咀 26、 燃油轨 4供给电动喷油器 16, 电动喷油器 16 根据电路控制器 18提供的喷射信号喷射燃油。
在电动喷油器 16开启的同时, 点火器 15也得到电路控制器 18计算得到的 点火信号 (此信号包含点火提前角信号), 通过高压包、 点火线圈 14使火花塞 13 产生电火花, 将喷火发动机燃烧室的油汽混合物点燃, 发动机启动并开始正 常工作。
当发动机进行加速、减速、 带负荷运行等各种工况运行时, 各传感器发出各 种相应的电信号输送给电路控制器 18 ( ECU ), 由 ECU计算出电动喷油器 16 的开启时间和相应的点火信号, 满足发动机在不同工况下的最佳运行条件。
本发明所述的各种工况以及如何针对瞬间特定工况调整喷油器 16 开启时 间、空燃比以及相应的点火角度在现有技术公开的文献中或领域技术人员进行常 规试验即可得到, 在本发明中不在一一赘述。
本发明所述的摩托车电子控制燃油喷射系统的控制流程如下:
1、 复位;
2、 调用转速测量子程序
3、 判断:转速 〈规定值,如果为 N,继续;如果为 Y,返回 1;
4、 判断:转速〉 =规定值,如果为 N,继续;如果为 Y,经 "喷油时间清零" 返回
1;
5、 调用节气门开度子程序
6、 判断:节气门若为怠速位置,如果为 Y,继续;如果为 N,判断: "节气门开度- 上次节气门开度>规定值" ;
7、 判断:转速>规定值,如果为 N,继续;如果为 Y,经 "喷油时间清零" 返回 1;
8、 调用查表子程序
9、 调用测温子程序
10、 调用温度修正查表子程序
11、 修正查表结果
12、 査储修正值,返回 1;
接上述步骤 6, 如果为 N, 判断: "节气门开度-上次节气门开度 >规定值"; 判断: "节气门开度-上次节气门开度 >规定值" ,如果为 N,返回 8; 如果为 Y,调用 査表子程序, 然后修正查表结果, 返回 9。
本发明所述的摩托车电子控制燃油喷射系统与化油器方式以及现有技术中 已经在汽车或者大排量摩托车上的电子控制燃油喷射系统相比具有如下优点: 本发明所述的电子控制燃油喷射系统的主要优点是系统可根据节气门开启 程度、 发动机工况以及环境的变化自动对空气和燃油的混合浓度进行瞬时控制, 实现精确控制的目的;
本发明所述的电子控制燃油喷射系统还有一个优点是在各种不同工况下,使 发动机均获得合适的空燃比, 并使点火提前角度达到最佳值;
本发明所述的电子控制燃油喷射系统具有结构简单、 自动化程度高、排污量 小以及节约燃油的优点;本发明所述的电子控制燃油喷射系统比较适用于中小排 量的内燃机, 尤其是小排量四冲程发动机。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种摩托车用电子控制燃油喷射系统, 包括燃油泵 1、 燃油轨 4、 进气温 度传感器 5、 节气门开启程度传感器 7、 转速及点火信号传感器 12、 缸温传感器 9、 点火器 15、 电动喷油器 16, 它们经导线 17分别与电路控制器(ECU ) 18连 接, 电路控制器 (ECU ) 18与电源连接; 所述的电路控制器(ECU )包括微处理及转换电路 32、 信号处理电路 33、 点火电路 34、 喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36、 信号釆集电路 37、 复位电路 38、 外部连接电路 39、 电源电路 40; 其中, 微处理及转换电路 32输入端分别接信号釆集电路 37、 信号处理电路 33、 复位电路 38和电源电路 40, 输出端分别接点火电路 34、 喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36、 复位电路 38、 外部连接电路 39; 所述信号处理电路 33的输出端与微处理及转换电路 32点火电路 34、 复位 电路 38联接; 所述的外部连接电路 39的输入端与点火电路 34、喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控 制电路 36和电源电路 40连接; 其输出端与信号处理电路 33、 信号采集电路 37 和电源电路 40、 燃油泵 1、 电动喷油器 16、 进气温度传感器 5、 节气门开启程度 传感器 7、 缸头温度传感器 9、 转速及点火信号传感器 12、 点火器 15连接; 所述的喷油驱动电路 35的输入端与微处理及转换电路 32、 复位电路 38联 接; 输出端与外部连接电路 39、 微处理及转换电路 32联接; 该电路使喷油装置 按存储在计算喷油时间及结果程序存储器中的结果进行适时开启;并按存储在总 运行程序存储器中的关闭响应结果停止工作; 所述的油泵控制电路 36的输入端与微处理及转换电路 32、信号处理电路 33 联接; 当摩托车处在挂挡加油或加速运行状态时, 节油保护装置不动作; 当摩托车 处于挂挡松油门或滑行状态时, 该装置控制喷油装置停止喷油。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的系统, 其特征在于所述的传感器采集到的信号经 A / D转换后由微处理器根据各种工况的实际需要适时发出相应的指令, 控制油 泵、 喷油器、 点火器的工作状态并使空燃比和点火角度达到最佳值。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的系统,其特征在于所述的信号处理电路 33的输入 端接外部连接电路 39、 输出端分别接微处理及转换电路 32、 点火电路 34、 复位 电路 38; 该电路的转速信号 SIGN经去耦、 整形、 鉴幅、 电平转换后, 送微处 理器作为喷油、 点火的相位依据, 并提供中断信号, 送点火电路 34控制点火, 送复位电路 38作回家电路控制信号。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的系统,其特征在于所述的点火电路 34的输入端接 微处理及转换电路 32和信号处理电路 33,输出端接外部连接电路 39。该电路由 微处理器发出的指令信号 ESA 与转速信号共同作用发出点火脉冲给电子点火 器, 使之产生高压脉冲供火花塞点火。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的系统,其特征在于所述的喷油驱动电路 35的输入 端分别接微处理及转换电路 32和复位电路 38, 输出端分别接微处理及转换电路 32和外部连接电路 39; 该电路由逻辑控制及推动放大组成, IC5D、 IC5C组成 的 RS触发器受控于复位信号,产生直接置位信号控制喷油器的工作与否, IC7A、 IC7B根据置位状态和微处理器发出的喷油指令(FPC )结合微处理器工作状态
(由 IC5B给出)发出喷油信号, 由 N4放大后推动功放管 N5得到喷油脉冲使 喷油器工作。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的系统, 其特征在于所述的系统还包括: 当微处理 器电路出故障不能正常工作时, IC5B接收由 UA556发出的一固定信号推动喷油 器以固定频率和流量工作, 使摩托车能临时工作。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的系统,其特征在于所述的油泵控制电路 36的输入 端接微处理及转换电路 32和信号处理电路 33, 输出瑞接微处理及转换电路 32 和外部连接电路 39, 该电路根据微处理器发出的起动、 停止信号和转速信号处 理电路 33发出的工作信号经 IC1C、 IC2A、 IC2B逻辑处理后推动燃油继电器 工作。
8- 根据权利要求 1所述的系统,其特征在于所述的信号采集电路 37将所釆 集的信号输送给微处理及转换电路 32; 其中节气门信号 THRTT经 R23、 Z9、 C25取样保持进 A / D转换器; 缸温信号 THW经 R20、 Z7取样保持送 A / D 转换器。 空温信号 THA经 R21、 Z8取样保持送 A / D转换器。 R50、 VRJ用作 徽调喷油流量。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的系统,其特征在于所述的复位电路 38的输入端接 微处理及转换电路 32和信号处理电路 33,输出端接喷油驱动电路 35; 该电路由 微处理器中程序监控信号 WDT触发 UA556A、UA556B电路发出复位信号 RST, 在电源开启和程序故障时使微处理器复位,回到初始状态,以保证程序正常运行。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的系统, 其特征在于所述的外部连接电路 39的输 入端与微处理及转换电路 32、 点火电路 34、 喷油驱动电路 35、 油泵控制电路 36 和电源电路 40连接; 输出端分别接信号处理电路 33、 信号采集电路 37和电源 电路 40连接。 其中, INJ接喷油器, PUMP接油泵继电器, CDIU接点火器, VCC是输 出的 5伏电源, SIGN接转速信号传感器, GND接地, THRTT接节气门传感器, THW接缸温传感器, THA接进气温度传感器, VBAT接 12伏电源, RXD、 TXD 接故障显示器。
11. 根据权利要求 1所述的电子控制燃油喷射系统,所述的微处理及转换电 路 32中还包括故障数据存储和故障显示装置
12. 一种摩托车用的设置有电子控制燃油喷射系统的发动机, 其中, 所述的 发动机的包括一油箱 21, 在油箱 21内装有燃油泵 1,燃油泵 1及油箱 21下方设 置有油管 20,在油管 20的出口处装有燃油滤清器 2, 在油管 20的进口处装有燃 油压力调节器 3, 在油管 20中部装有燃油轨 4, 该燃油轨 4经电动喷油器 16与 发动机进气道 8相通; 在发动机的缸头装有缸头温度传感器 9和火花塞 13, 火 花塞 13经点火线圈 14与点火器 15相连, 在发动机 10下部的飞轮 11旁边装有 转速及点火信号传感器 12; 节气门体 6位于发动机的进气道 8上,在节气门体 6 的前方有进气温度传感器 5, 后方为电动喷油器 16; 燃油泵 1、 燃油轨 4、 进气 温度传感器 5、节气门开启程度传感器 7、转速及点火信号传感器 12、点火器 15、 电动喷油器 16经导线 17分别与电路控制器( ECU ) 18连接,电路控制器( ECU ) 18与蓄电池 19连接。 其中, 节气门体 6甴壳体 23、 节气门 24、 开启程度调节轮 27、 转轴 28、 回 收弹簧 29、 初始调整螺钉 30、 紧定弹簧 31、 燃油轨 4、 油管接咀 26组成。 O 02/075146
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的发动机, 其中, 所述所述的节气门 24安装在壳 体 23内, 并用螺钉固定在转轴 28上, 转轴 28径向穿过壳体 23, 它的一端安装 开启程度调节轮 27, 另一端与节气门开启程度传感器 7连接, 在转轴 28上套装 有回位弹簧 29, 该回位弹簧 29位子壳体 23和开启程度调节轮 27之间, 在壳体 23上安装有初始调整螺钉 30, 该螺钉 30的伸入端与转轴 28接触, 在壳体 23 上方安装有燃油轨 4, 该燃油轨 4经电动喷油器 16与壳体 23相通, 燃油轨 4上 的油管接咀 26与油管 20相连。 所述壳体 23的一端与原车上的发动机汽缸头 22连接,另一端与空气滤清器 25相连, 进气温度传感器 5安装在该空气滤清器 25上; 燃油轨 4既安装在壳体 23的上方, 又位于油管 20的中部; 节气门开启程度传感器 7和电动喷油器 16 经导线与电路控制器 (ECU ) 18相连。
14. 一种装置有电子控制燃油喷射发动机的摩托车,其特征在于所述的摩托 车由车体、 发动机和电源组成, 将电源开关接通后, 电路控制器 18 ( ECU )得 到一个复位信号, 此时会给燃油泵 1继电器一个接通信号, 时间为 6秒钟, 将油 箱 21中的汽油经燃压力调节器 3调压后泵送到电动喷油器 16的尾部; 按动发动机的启动按钮时, 稍加油门, 节气门开启程度传感器 7会有位移, 此位移会产生微弱的电信号传送到电路控制器 18中,该控制器 18得到信号后会 向燃油泵 1继电器发出开后信号, 将油泵 1电源接通, 油泵 1开始工作; 在按下启动按钮的同时,启动电机会带动发动机曲轴转动,这时,每转一圈, 转速及点火信号传感器 12会发出一个点火脉冲给电路控制器 18; 与此同时, 发动机转速及点火信号传感器 12和节气门体 6前端的过气温度 传感器 5以及缸头温度传感器 9根据启动时发动机的各种状况产生相应的电信号 传送给电路控制器 18, 该控制器 18内存储在 97C52的计算程序进行运算处理, 得到满足发动机运转工况的最佳喷油量, 并将结果喷射信号送往电动喷油器 16 的出口端; 燃油经油管 20、 油管接咀 26、 燃油轨 4供给电动喷油器 16, 电动喷油器 16 根据电路控制器 18提供的喷射信号喷射燃油; 在电动喷油器 16开启的同时, 点火器 15也得到电路控制器 18计算得到的 点火信号, 此信号包含点火提前角信号, 通过高压包、 点火线圈 14使火花塞 13 产生电火花,将喷火发动机燃烧室的油汽混合物点燃,发动机启动并开始正常工 作; 当发动机进行加速、减速、 带负荷运行等各种工况运行时, 各传感器发出各 种相应的电信号输送给电路控制器 18 ( ECU ), 由 ECU计算出电动喷油器 16 的开启时间和相应的点火信号, 满足发动机在不同工况下的最佳运行条件。
15. 根据权利要求 14所述的装置有电子控制燃油喷射发动机的摩托车, 其 特征在于所述的在控制器 18内存储的计算程序如下:
(1)、 复位;
(2)、 调用转速测量子程序
(3)、 判断:转速 〈规定值,如果为 N,继续;如果为 Y,返回 (1);
(4)、 判断:转速〉 =规定值,如果为 N,继续;如果为 Y,经 "喷油时间清零" 返回 (1);
(5)、 调用节气门开度子程序
(6)、判断:节气门若为怠速位置,如果为 Y,继续;如果为 N,判断: "节气门开度 -上次节气门开度 >规定值" ;
(7)、 判断:转速 >规定值,如果为 N,继续;如果为 Y, 经 "喷油时间清零" 返回 (1);
(8)、 调用查表子程序
(9)、 调用测温子程序
(10)、 调用温度修正査表子程序
(11)、 修正查表结果
(12)、 查储修正值,返回 (1); 接上述步骤 (6),如果为 Ν,判断: "节气门开度-上次节气门开度 >规定值" ; 判断: "节气门开度-上次节气门开度 >规定值" ,如果为 Ν,返回 (8);如果为 Υ,调用 查表子程序, 然后修正查表结果, 返回 (9)。
PCT/CN2001/000859 2001-03-19 2001-05-23 Systeme de commande electrique de carburant pour motocyclette WO2002075146A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MXPA03008369A MXPA03008369A (es) 2001-03-19 2001-05-23 Sistema de control electrico de combustible para motocicleta.
US10/469,446 US20040078134A1 (en) 2001-03-19 2001-05-23 Electric fuel control system for motorcycle
EP01940096A EP1387078A4 (en) 2001-03-19 2001-05-23 ELECTRIC FUEL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR MOTORCYCLES

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CN01103877 2001-03-19
CN01103877.2 2001-03-19

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WO2002075146A1 true WO2002075146A1 (fr) 2002-09-26

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WO (1) WO2002075146A1 (zh)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR039350A1 (es) 2005-02-16
CN1443277A (zh) 2003-09-17
EP1387078A4 (en) 2007-03-14
MXPA03008369A (es) 2004-01-29
EP1387078A1 (en) 2004-02-04
US20040078134A1 (en) 2004-04-22

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