WO2002067637A1 - Systeme d"eclairage routier - Google Patents

Systeme d"eclairage routier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002067637A1
WO2002067637A1 PCT/GB2002/000631 GB0200631W WO02067637A1 WO 2002067637 A1 WO2002067637 A1 WO 2002067637A1 GB 0200631 W GB0200631 W GB 0200631W WO 02067637 A1 WO02067637 A1 WO 02067637A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lamp
lamp unit
current
voltage
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2002/000631
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Antony William Merricks
Paul Martin Thorneycroft
Robert Adrian Lambert
John Neil Ross
Original Assignee
Raynesway Construction Southern Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Raynesway Construction Southern Ltd filed Critical Raynesway Construction Southern Ltd
Publication of WO2002067637A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002067637A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/46—Circuits providing for substitution in case of failure of the lamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a road lighting system, and in particular to a road lighting system suitable for use where access to the lights is difficult or dangerous.
  • the lamps used in lighting heads of conventional road lights have a limited, and variable, life span so there is inevitably a trade-off between replacing failed lamps to maximise road-user safety and minimising the number of maintenance actions required in order to minimise cost and disruption.
  • the number of failed lamps within a given stretch of motorway is determined by visual inspection at night.
  • a lighting head for a road light comprising a first lamp and a second lamp; a detector for detecting failure of the first lamp and second lamp; a switching circuit for supplying electrical power to one of the lamps and for switching electrical power to the other lamp in response to a signal, directly or indirectly, from the detector indicating failure of the one lamp, and an indicator for indicating lamp failure.
  • the lighting head In combination with a statistical analysis of lamp life the lighting head according to the invention allows a given level of lighting and service to be maintained whilst at least halving the number of access events to the lighting head required.
  • the indicator may be a mechanical indicator, such as a visual flag that is extended or moved into a given position to indicate that the switching circuit has switched to the second lamp and accordingly that the first lamp has failed.
  • an electronic indicator may be used. These may include a radio signal, a signal sent down the power supply of the column for remote detection, an infra-red signal emitted from the lighting head or a variation in the luminosity of the lamp, for example at a non- visible frequency or a change in colour of the light of the lamp.
  • a radio signal e.g., a radio signal
  • a signal sent down the power supply of the column for remote detection e.g., a signal sent down the power supply of the column for remote detection
  • an infra-red signal emitted from the lighting head e.g., a variation in the luminosity of the lamp, for example at a non- visible frequency or a change in colour of the light of the lamp.
  • the skilled person will readily conceive several possible indicators for signalling failure of the lamp.
  • a lighting control unit for a road light having a first lamp unit, a second lamp unit and a switching circuit for initially supplying alternating electrical power to the first lamp unit and for switching electrical power to the second lamp unit (or from second to first) in response to a failure signal;
  • the lighting control unit comprising: a pair of power inputs; a pair of power outputs; a pair of wires between the power input and the power output; and detection circuitry for detecting failure of the first lamp unit arranged to detect current flowing along the wiring pair and the voltage across the wiring pair; wherein the detector compares the current passing along the pair of wires at a predetermined time or times during the alternating voltage cycle with predetermined parameters and outputs the failure signal when the detected current deviates from the predetermined parameters.
  • the detector outputs the failure signal when the measured current has less than a predetermined magnitude at the voltage maxima.
  • the detector thus measures the current substantially instantaneously at a predetermined position in the voltage cycle, namely the voltage maximum. The times the voltage maxima occur can readily be identified.
  • lamp units including ballast, lamp, igniter and power factor correction capacitor.
  • the load was substantially resistive so that the voltage and current cycles were approximately in phase.
  • failed lamp units were observed to have disrupted current signals no longer in phase with the voltage signals so that failed units had reduced current at the voltage maxima. Thus, use of the instantaneous current at the voltage maxima gave good discrimination between working and failed units.
  • the detector is implemented to include: a voltage detector for providing a voltage signal representing the voltage across the pair of wires; a current detector for providing a current signal representing the current along the pair of wires; a phase shifter for shifting the phase of the detected voltage signal by substantially 80-100°, a comparator for detecting the phase-shifted voltage signal and outputting a clock signal, and a latch.
  • the latch may be a latched comparator having a signal input connected to the output of the current detector and latched by the clock signal output by the comparator; and logic for detecting whether the output of the latched comparator falls below the predetermined voltage and outputting a lamp fail signal when it does so.
  • the lighting control unit also includes a switch for switching the road light on and off arranged between the power input and the detection circuitry.
  • the switch may be remote controlled, for example, or alternatively an optical sensor for switching on the power during darkness.
  • the switch may be omitted.
  • the road light may be controlled by switching on the power to the light remotely of the light when illumination is required.
  • the switch for switching the road light on and off could alternatively be arranged between the detection circuitry and the power output.
  • additional circuitry that detected the status of power to the lamp control gear would connect to the logic and delay generator. This connection would inhibit the delay generator and lamp fail flag until power was applied to the lamp control gear.
  • Further lamp control gear may be arranged between the detection circuitry and the power output for controlling the connected lamp unit.
  • a delay generator may be provided for disabling the detector for a predetermined period after the lighting head is switched on to allow the lamp to warm up before detecting failure. This allows the detector to ignore current fluctuations in the initial period after power to the lamp unit is applied.
  • the invention also relates to a road light comprising: a lighting control unit according to any preceding claim; a first lamp unit; a second lamp unit; a switching circuit for initially supplying alternating electrical power to one lamp unit and for switching electrical power to the other lamp unit in response to a failure signal output by the detector; and an indicator for indicating failure of the lamp unit in response to the failure signal.
  • the first and second lamp units may each include a lamp and a ballast.
  • the road light may include a substantially vertical pole and a lighting head at the top of the pole, wherein the first and second lamp units are mounted at the lighting head and the lighting control unit is mounted for access on the pole.
  • the invention relates to a method of managing road lights, comprising: providing a plurality of road lights with lighting heads having first and second lamps; providing initially electrical power to the first lamps; detecting failure of the first lamp and in response to the detected failure switching to the second lamp and indicating the failure of the first lamp with an indicator; and monitoring the indicators to determine when to replace the lamps.
  • the method may include waiting until a predetermined number of first lamps have failed; possibly a significant fraction such as over 50%, and then replacing? all the failed lamps in one go. In this way, fewer accesses to the lighting heads may be required, minimising disruption and expense.
  • the method may include replacing all units when the predetermined number of lamps have failed.
  • the method may in particular include automatically monitoring the failure of the first and second lamps. In this way, visual inspection of the indicators may not be required.
  • the indicator is simply a manual flag, these may be reviewed during the day rather than at night which can minimise inspection costs.
  • the method may further include detecting the current- voltage phase relationship between.the voltage applied to the first lamp unit and the current through the first lamp unit and outputs the switch signal when the current- voltage phase relationship deviates from predetermined parameters. (Also applies to the second lamp.)
  • Figure 1 shows a motorway lighting system
  • Figure 2 is a systematic drawing of the lighting heads of the system of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows the circuit diagram of the switching circuitry;
  • Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the detection circuit
  • Figure 5 shows waveforms in the detection circuit when the circuit is connected to a working lamp
  • Figure 6 shows waveforms in the detection circuit when the circuit is connected to a failed lamp.
  • a motorway 1 has a plurality of road lighting columns 3 extending up the central reservation, each road lighting column 3 having in this example two lighting heads 5.
  • the road lights may also be arranged on other roads and locations as appropriate.
  • each lighting head 5 includes a first lamp unit 7 and a second lamp unit 9 arranged in an outer housing 11 with a transparent region 13.
  • Each unit 7, 9 may include for example a lamp, ballast and igniter, and may further include a power factor correction capacitor so that the unit presents a substantially resistive load for increased power efficiency.
  • Such lamp units 7, 9 are known in the art and accordingly will not be described further.
  • a detector 21 detects the failure of the first lamp 7 and an indicating flag 23 is pivotally mounted on the lighting head moving between a first position 25, shown with full lines, and a second position 27 shown with dashed lines.
  • the flag could alternatively be an in/out button or coloured slider inside a viewing window.
  • the switching circuit 19 directs the electrical power into the first light lamp 7 which illuminates and provides motorway lighting.
  • the detection circuit 21 monitors the power supplies to the lamp unit 7, for example by monitoring the current passing through the lamp.
  • the detector detects a failure condition in the first unit 7, it causes the switching circuit 19 to switch over to supply electrical power to the reserve or second unit 9.
  • the switching circuit 19 supplies a signal to move the indicator flag 23 from the first position 25 to the second position 27 to indicate a failure condition.
  • the position of the flag 27 can be visually inspected from the ground.
  • the invention will work even in systems whereby the lighting is controlled centrally by supplying power to the street lights when light is required, and supplying no power when light is not required.
  • An electronic circuit outputting a signal to indicate that the first lamp has failed will also work with this system if it outputs the signal when the fault is detected i.e. when electrical power is available.
  • the switching circuit 19 includes switch 20 that switches electrical power to the first unit 7 when lighting is required.
  • the detector 21 detects that the first unit 7 has failed, it sends a signal back to the switching circuit 19 which switches power over to the reserve unit 9 and also sends a signal to the indication circuit 29 which is a radio transmitter transmitting a failure signal on an antenna 31.
  • indication circuit 29 is a cellular telephone transmitter, for example a GSM transmitter. This is arranged to transmit a signal, for example a suitable text or data message, to a central server 33 which may, for example, log the signals, to determine which lamp has failed, and output maintenance orders as and when required.
  • the detector 21 is shown in more detail in Figure 4. Power inputs 41 connected to an alternating current power supply are connected to power outputs 43, which are in turn connected to the lamp units, through optical switch 45, detection circuitry 47 and along pair of wires 49.
  • Current transformer 53 is in series with one of the wires and outputs a current signal corresponding to the alternating current along the wires.
  • Noltage transformer 55 is placed across the pair of wires 49 and outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the alternating voltage across the wire 49.
  • the optical switch could alternatively be sited after the detection circuitry.
  • the phase shift circuit 57 here implemented with a resistor 59 and capacitor 61, delays the phase of the voltage signal output by voltage transformer 55 by substantially 90°.
  • the phase shifted voltage signal is then fed to the input of comparator 63 which detects the zero crossings of the phase shifted voltage signal and outputs a clock signal which is fed in turn to the latch input 66 of a latched comparator 65 which has signal input 67 connected to the signal from current transformer 53.
  • the comparator 65 detects whether the instantaneous magnitude of the current at the rising or falling edge of the clock signal exceeds a preset value or not.
  • the output from latched comparator 65 is fed to logic 69 which checks once per cycle if the output of the latched comparator has fallen below the preset value. If it falls below the preset value for a number of successive clock cycles the lamp is deemed to have failed and the circuit outputs a failure signal on line 71. The failure signal is output until the lamp has been turned off and on again, when the process restarts. -
  • Delay generator 73 is used to provide a delay of 10 to 30 minutes before the circuit starts to check the output of the latched comparator. This allows the lamp to warm up.
  • Further circuitry may be provided to reset the logic when the clock starts indicating that the power has been provided to the lamp.
  • the logic may be arranged to retain information about previous states, if required, in particular to output a failure signal when the first lamp unit has failed even before the end of the delay caused by the delay generator, if required in the particular application.
  • the circuit of Figure 4 measures the instantaneous current at the point where the waveform of the applied voltage is maximum, i.e. at the rising or falling edges of the square wave 81. In fact, comparator 65 is latched on the rising edges of square wave 81, once per cycle.
  • Figure 5 shows results taken using a working lamp unit.
  • Curve 81 is the clock signal output from comparator 63 and curve 83 is the current signal output by current transformer 53.
  • the results for curve 81 are shown as 2N/division and for curve 83 as 0.5N/division.
  • the calibration of the current waveform is 1.93A/N so that the indicated waveform gives a peak current of about 0.96A.
  • the square wave (curve 81) is in quadrature with the input voltage and so the rising or falling edges correspond to maxima of the input voltage.
  • the current waveform 83 illustrated in Figure 5 shows low distortion. Further, the current waveform 83 shows a good power factor - it should be remembered that the voltage signal 81 is delayed by phase shift circuit 57 by about 90°.
  • Figure 6 shows the results with a broken lamp.
  • the current (curve 85) is reduced somewhat, has a poor waveform and lags the voltage by around 90°.
  • the switching circuit 19 may be wholly electronic, using transistors, or may use relays.
  • latch circuit including triggered data capture circuitry may replace the latched comparator.
  • the logic circuit may be arranged to output failure signals as required.
  • a memory may be included to retain the state of the system, times, and measured parameters, if required.
  • a micro controller or microprocessor based system may be used to replace the logic, clock, latch and delay generator. Additionally, by the use of analogue to digital converters on the outputs from the current and voltage transformers, the phase shifter and comparator functions can also be performed by a micro controller or microprocessor based system.
  • micro controller or microprocessor based system referred to above could be replaced with a gate array or other custom logic circuit.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

L"invention porte sur un lampadaire d"éclairage routier comportant deux lampes (7, 9) et un circuit de commutation (20) commutant de l"une sur l"autre quand un détecteur (29) détecte une défaillance de l"une d"elles. Le détecteur compare le courant les traversant à un ou des instants prédéterminés du cycle de tension, et émet un signal de défaillance lorsque de courant détecté s"écarte de valeurs prédéterminées.
PCT/GB2002/000631 2001-02-16 2002-02-14 Systeme d"eclairage routier WO2002067637A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0103888.4 2001-02-16
GBGB0103888.4A GB0103888D0 (en) 2001-02-16 2001-02-16 Road lighting system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002067637A1 true WO2002067637A1 (fr) 2002-08-29

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ID=9908922

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2002/000631 WO2002067637A1 (fr) 2001-02-16 2002-02-14 Systeme d"eclairage routier

Country Status (2)

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GB (1) GB0103888D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002067637A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004038512A1 (de) * 2004-08-07 2006-03-30 Scherle, Jürgen, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Verfahren zur drahtlosen Fernüberwachung von Lampen und Leuchten
EP1865756A1 (fr) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-12 Nesa A/S Système d'éclairage
WO2009024912A2 (fr) * 2007-08-21 2009-02-26 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Génération de première/seconde lumière dans un premier/second mode
GB2499400A (en) * 2012-02-14 2013-08-21 Michael Acris A light device
CN104602389A (zh) * 2013-12-05 2015-05-06 约翰·凯文·格雷迪 一种智能路灯控制方法
WO2018134422A1 (fr) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-26 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Système et procédé de détermination d'un état de santé d'une guirlande lumineuse à del pulsée à intensité réglable
WO2021071750A1 (fr) * 2019-10-11 2021-04-15 Sensus Spectrum Llc Procédé de surveillance de l'état d'un luminaire, module de surveillance associé et produit programme informatique
US11470702B2 (en) 2017-01-23 2022-10-11 Signify Holding B.V. System, and method for determining a health status of a dimmable pulsed LED light string
IT202100013346A1 (it) * 2021-05-24 2022-11-24 Monitoraltop S R L Dispositivo elettronico per il monitoraggio di una lampada e relativo sistema elettronico

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2424397A1 (de) * 1974-05-20 1975-12-04 Siemens Ag Leuchte mit mindestens zwei lampen und einem lampenausfallanzeigegeraet
DE3306359A1 (de) * 1983-02-24 1984-08-30 Albrecht, Paul, 8600 Bamberg Sicherheitsleuchte
DE3703830A1 (de) * 1987-02-07 1988-08-18 Licentia Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur steuerung und ueberwachung der lampen eines doppelhindernisfeuers
FR2643210A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-17 Michel Ribery Dispositif de signalisation permanente du fonctionnement ou du non-fonctionnement durant sa duree d'utilisation d'un appareil electrique emetteur d'ondes fonctionnant de maniere non continue
EP0501887A1 (fr) * 1991-02-27 1992-09-02 FORCLUM Société de force et lumière électriques Société Anonyme Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'au moins une source de rayonnement lumineux
EP0586322A1 (fr) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-09 Francis Guillot Système de détection et de signalisation de lampes défaillantes dans un réseau d'éclairage
GB2287309A (en) * 1994-03-09 1995-09-13 Forest City Signs Limited Lighting unit
GB2341017A (en) * 1998-08-25 2000-03-01 George Alan Limpkin Substituting defective light sources

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2424397A1 (de) * 1974-05-20 1975-12-04 Siemens Ag Leuchte mit mindestens zwei lampen und einem lampenausfallanzeigegeraet
DE3306359A1 (de) * 1983-02-24 1984-08-30 Albrecht, Paul, 8600 Bamberg Sicherheitsleuchte
DE3703830A1 (de) * 1987-02-07 1988-08-18 Licentia Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur steuerung und ueberwachung der lampen eines doppelhindernisfeuers
FR2643210A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-17 Michel Ribery Dispositif de signalisation permanente du fonctionnement ou du non-fonctionnement durant sa duree d'utilisation d'un appareil electrique emetteur d'ondes fonctionnant de maniere non continue
EP0501887A1 (fr) * 1991-02-27 1992-09-02 FORCLUM Société de force et lumière électriques Société Anonyme Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'au moins une source de rayonnement lumineux
EP0586322A1 (fr) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-09 Francis Guillot Système de détection et de signalisation de lampes défaillantes dans un réseau d'éclairage
GB2287309A (en) * 1994-03-09 1995-09-13 Forest City Signs Limited Lighting unit
GB2341017A (en) * 1998-08-25 2000-03-01 George Alan Limpkin Substituting defective light sources

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004038512A1 (de) * 2004-08-07 2006-03-30 Scherle, Jürgen, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Verfahren zur drahtlosen Fernüberwachung von Lampen und Leuchten
EP1865756A1 (fr) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-12 Nesa A/S Système d'éclairage
WO2007140779A1 (fr) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-13 Dong Energy Sales & Distribution A/S Système d'éclairage
WO2009024912A2 (fr) * 2007-08-21 2009-02-26 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Génération de première/seconde lumière dans un premier/second mode
WO2009024912A3 (fr) * 2007-08-21 2009-04-16 Philips Intellectual Property Génération de première/seconde lumière dans un premier/second mode
GB2499400A (en) * 2012-02-14 2013-08-21 Michael Acris A light device
CN104602389A (zh) * 2013-12-05 2015-05-06 约翰·凯文·格雷迪 一种智能路灯控制方法
CN104602389B (zh) * 2013-12-05 2017-04-19 约翰·凯文·格雷迪 一种智能路灯控制方法
WO2018134422A1 (fr) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-26 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Système et procédé de détermination d'un état de santé d'une guirlande lumineuse à del pulsée à intensité réglable
US11470702B2 (en) 2017-01-23 2022-10-11 Signify Holding B.V. System, and method for determining a health status of a dimmable pulsed LED light string
WO2021071750A1 (fr) * 2019-10-11 2021-04-15 Sensus Spectrum Llc Procédé de surveillance de l'état d'un luminaire, module de surveillance associé et produit programme informatique
US11372389B2 (en) 2019-10-11 2022-06-28 Sensus Spectrum, Llc Methods for monitoring status of a light fixture and related monitoring modules and computer program products
IT202100013346A1 (it) * 2021-05-24 2022-11-24 Monitoraltop S R L Dispositivo elettronico per il monitoraggio di una lampada e relativo sistema elettronico

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