WO2002054111A1 - Procede de diagraphie de capacite et serie d'appareils de diagraphie de resistivite complexe - Google Patents

Procede de diagraphie de capacite et serie d'appareils de diagraphie de resistivite complexe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002054111A1
WO2002054111A1 PCT/CN2001/001654 CN0101654W WO02054111A1 WO 2002054111 A1 WO2002054111 A1 WO 2002054111A1 CN 0101654 W CN0101654 W CN 0101654W WO 02054111 A1 WO02054111 A1 WO 02054111A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
logging
logging tool
formation
electrode system
resistivity
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Application number
PCT/CN2001/001654
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Yicheng He
Youming Deng
Jiange Liu
Youzhi Lin
Original Assignee
Well Logging Company Of Xinjiang Petroleum Administration Bureau
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Publication date
Application filed by Well Logging Company Of Xinjiang Petroleum Administration Bureau filed Critical Well Logging Company Of Xinjiang Petroleum Administration Bureau
Publication of WO2002054111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002054111A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V3/26—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a logging method in petroleum geological exploration and development and a logging instrument used by using the method.
  • the main way to identify oil and gas layers is to measure formation resistivity and use the Archie model to determine oil and gas saturation.
  • This method is affected by factors such as double mineralization water, argillaceous content, cation exchange capacity, and wettability, and the interpretation coincidence rate is only about 70%.
  • the resistivity of low-resistance oil and gas layers or oil and water layers is similar, it is more difficult to identify oil and water layers.
  • the instruments used to measure the resistivity of the formation are mainly dual lateral logging tools and microsphere focusing (or microlateral) logging tools. These instruments can only be used to measure the resistivity of the formation and have certain limitations.
  • the present invention adopts a method for measuring formation capacitance characteristics to conduct research on hydrocarbon saturation.
  • the purpose is to provide a method for measuring the capacitance characteristics of the formation, which can greatly improve the interpretation compliance rate, so that the oil and gas content of the formation can be proved more accurately. Because the formation capacitance characteristics change with the increase of oil and gas saturation, this method can intuitively and accurately discover the oil and gas layers, and the instruments made using this method can accurately measure many parameters of the formation. In addition, the logging instrument is easy to manufacture and use, and the measurement data is accurate.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of formation electrical characteristics.
  • Figure 2 is an equivalent schematic diagram of oil-bearing formations.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of the complex resistivity logging tool.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of core complex resistivity measurement by constant current method.
  • the invention is achieved by: Capacitance logging method
  • the logging method used in the present invention is to use the method and principle for measuring core capacitance characteristics used on the ground to measure the capacitance characteristics of a downhole formation.
  • core capacitance characteristics on the ground including: capacitive bridge measurement, charge and discharge area measurement, absorption circuit measurement, resonance circuit measurement, and complex resistivity measurement.
  • Various methods are used in The principle of surface core measurement is the same as that of underground capacitance measurement.
  • the complex resistivity measurement method using the ground constant current method to measure the core complex resistivity is taken as an example.
  • An AC constant current source in series with a current measuring device is added to both ends of the cylindrical core, so that the constant current source, the current measuring device, and the core form a closed loop.
  • the current measuring device is used to measure the current value in the circuit loop. I; Add two ring-shaped measuring electrodes M, N in the middle of the core, and measure the potential difference AV between ⁇ N by a measuring voltmeter between the measuring electrodes.
  • the core resistivity ⁇ has the following relationship with I and AV:
  • k is the electrode coefficient
  • the measured resistivity of the core can be approximated as the pure resistance characteristic of the core.
  • the measured core resistivity is the measured core.
  • the complex resistivity is the mixed characteristic of core impedance and capacitive reactance.
  • the geoelectrical model established by the present invention is:
  • the rock skeleton is non-conductive, and the conductive effect is completed by the muddy bound water on the surface of the skeleton, the crystal water, the water film on the surface of the sand grains, and the liquid in the pores.
  • Sand is a micro-resistor.
  • the combination of micro-resistors in rock is both the resistance of a combination and the electricity of a combination.
  • Capacitive series and parallel networks form a conductive ground plane (as shown in Figure 1).
  • the formation When the formation pores are filled with non-conductive oil and gas, the formation is regarded as an equivalent network of resistance and capacitance in parallel (as shown in Figure 2); when the formation pores are filled with conductive water, the capacitance characteristics are weakened, and the formation is approximately pure resistance Conductive.
  • Table 1 shows a statistical table of the oil and gas display coincidence rate measured using this logging method and confirmed by drilling coring data. The coincidence rate reaches 100%.
  • Complex resistivity logging tool A logging tool that implements the capacitive logging method.
  • the logging tool shown in Figure 3 is used, including: multi-frequency signal source 1, modulated wave current Source 2 (the number is 2 or more, the actual number depends on the requirements), Probe 3 (the number, shape, geometric size, and arrangement are according to requirements), voltage measurement circuit 4, current measurement circuit 5 , Transmission channel 6 and ground computing system 7.
  • Compliance rate column “+” indicates compliance; “-” indicates non-compliance.
  • the multi-frequency signal source 1 generates one or more frequency signals with a frequency change within a range of 30 Hz to 300 KHz, and transmits the signal to one or more modulated wave current sources 2, which are modulated by the modulated wave current source and sent to different Probe 3 in the detection range.
  • the probe sends the modulated wave to the voltage measurement signal and current measurement signal of the corresponding frequency generated by the formation and sends it to the voltage measurement circuit 4 and the current measurement circuit 5, respectively.
  • the voltage measurement circuit 4 and the current measurement circuit 5 The mixed signals of different frequencies are sorted and sorted and then sent to the transmission channel 6, and the transmission channel 6 sends the sorted voltage and current signals to the ground computing system 7.
  • the ground control acquisition and calculation system calculates the low-frequency resistivity R and the high-frequency complex resistivity Z.
  • the electrical formula ZI Xc / (R 2 * X C 2 ) 1/2 the imaginary part X ⁇ is calculated.
  • the higher the R / Z ratio the higher the oil and gas saturation, and the conventional dielectric constant to identify oil, gas, and water methods.
  • Another solution of the complex resistivity tool is to use only a high-frequency power source to measure the complex resistivity Z of the formation, and then combine the low-frequency resistivity R of the conventional logging data to calculate the same parameters as the previous solution.
  • the instrument consists of a high-frequency oscillator, a high-frequency current source, a probe, a voltage measurement circuit, a current measurement circuit, a transmission channel, and a ground control acquisition and calculation system.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de diagraphie mis en oeuvre en prospection pétrolière et à un appareil de diagraphie utilisé par ledit procédé. Ce procédé de diagraphie met en oeuvre des méthodes et des principes de mesure des caractéristiques de capacité de la carotte au niveau de la surface terrestre en mesurant les caractéristiques de capacité des couches du puits. Cet appareil de diagraphie comporte une source de signaux multifréquences, une source de courant à ondes modulées, une sonde, des circuits de mesure de la tension, des circuits de mesure du courant, des canaux de transmission et un système informatique situé au niveau de la surface terrestre. Les avantages de cette invention sont les suivants: le procédé de diagraphie permet de trouver précisément et directement les couches contenant du gaz ou du pétrole, au moyen d'une perception sensorielle, du fait de la mise en oeuvre du procédé de mesure des caractéristiques de capacité des couches et du fait que ces caractéristiques de capacité des couches varient avec l'accroissement de la saturation en gaz et en pétrole; cet appareil de diagraphie peut être facilement fabriqué et utilisé et il permet une mesure précise des données.
PCT/CN2001/001654 2001-01-05 2001-12-30 Procede de diagraphie de capacite et serie d'appareils de diagraphie de resistivite complexe WO2002054111A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN01101592.6 2001-01-05
CN01101592.6A CN1363844A (zh) 2001-01-05 2001-01-05 电容测井方法及复电阻率系列测井仪器

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002054111A1 true WO2002054111A1 (fr) 2002-07-11

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CN (1) CN1363844A (fr)
WO (1) WO2002054111A1 (fr)

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CN101858988B (zh) * 2009-04-08 2012-08-15 中国石油天然气集团公司 一种大地电磁信号采集方法与装置
CN112878995A (zh) * 2021-03-10 2021-06-01 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 基于近钻头流体介电特性测量的井下溢流检测系统
CN113039447A (zh) * 2018-09-11 2021-06-25 威力登激光雷达美国有限公司 用于在恒定干扰环境中检测电磁信号的系统和方法

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US9658178B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2017-05-23 General Electric Company Sensor systems for measuring an interface level in a multi-phase fluid composition
CN101245702B (zh) * 2008-01-03 2013-02-27 杭州瑞利声电技术公司 恒功率双侧向测井仪
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US9488635B2 (en) * 2010-12-21 2016-11-08 The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology Pore structure analyzer based on non-contact impedance measurement for cement-based materials
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US10598650B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2020-03-24 General Electric Company System and method for measuring an operative condition of a machine
US10684268B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2020-06-16 Bl Technologies, Inc. Sensor systems for measuring an interface level in a multi-phase fluid composition
CN104122593B (zh) 2013-04-26 2016-10-19 邓友明 一种对勘探测井的电容率频散测量方法和应用方法
CN103643947B (zh) * 2013-12-16 2016-08-17 西南石油大学 一种双电频谱测井仪器与方法
CN105201497B (zh) * 2015-10-09 2018-03-20 王伟男 一种基于地层电阻抗的测井方法及系统
CN105484740B (zh) * 2015-12-04 2018-06-22 中国石油天然气集团公司 一种用于探测地层复电阻率的多频探测装置
CN109270252A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-01-25 浙江海洋大学 一种流动相石油污染多孔介质运移的实验装置及方法

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CN101858988B (zh) * 2009-04-08 2012-08-15 中国石油天然气集团公司 一种大地电磁信号采集方法与装置
CN113039447A (zh) * 2018-09-11 2021-06-25 威力登激光雷达美国有限公司 用于在恒定干扰环境中检测电磁信号的系统和方法
CN112878995A (zh) * 2021-03-10 2021-06-01 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 基于近钻头流体介电特性测量的井下溢流检测系统
CN112878995B (zh) * 2021-03-10 2024-06-07 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 基于近钻头流体介电特性测量的井下溢流检测系统

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