WO2002053745A1 - Process for producing prenyl alcohol - Google Patents
Process for producing prenyl alcohol Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002053745A1 WO2002053745A1 PCT/JP2001/011213 JP0111213W WO02053745A1 WO 2002053745 A1 WO2002053745 A1 WO 2002053745A1 JP 0111213 W JP0111213 W JP 0111213W WO 02053745 A1 WO02053745 A1 WO 02053745A1
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- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
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- C07K2319/01—Fusion polypeptide containing a localisation/targetting motif
- C07K2319/02—Fusion polypeptide containing a localisation/targetting motif containing a signal sequence
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing prenyl alcohol.
- Terranoid (isoprenoid) synthesis in vivo is achieved by sequentially condensing isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP, C 5 ) with an allylic diphosphate substrate to produce geranyl diphosphate, a linear prenyl diphosphate.
- IPP isopentenyl diphosphate
- GPP Cyclonyl diphosphate
- FPP farnesyl diphosphate
- GGPP germinylgeranyl diphosphate
- Figure 1 Figure 1
- the characters surrounded by a frame represent enzymes.
- hmgR indicates hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase
- GGPS indicates GGPP synthase
- FPS indicates FKP synthase.
- FPP is the most important biosynthetic intermediate, and a wide variety of terdinoids, such as steroids including ergosterol (provitamin D 2 ) and quinones (vitamin K, VK) It is a synthetic precursor of the side chain, sesquiterpenes, squalene (SQ), one molecule of a pharynesylated protein anchor, and natural rubber.
- GGPP is also an important biosynthetic intermediate in vivo, including retinol (vitamin A, VA), i3-carotene (provitamin A), phylloquinone (vitamin Ki, VK ⁇ ), and tricopherols (vitamin E, VE). It is essential for the biosynthesis of compounds such as geranylgeranylated protein anchor molecules, chloroplast side chains, gibberellins, and Archia ether-type lipids.
- FPP an alcohol derivative of GGPP Fuarunesorire (famesol) (FOH, C 15 ), nerolidol (nerolidol) (NOH, C 15 ), Geranirugera Niort (geranylgeraniol) (GGOH, C 2 .)
- FPP an alcohol derivative of GGPP Fuarunesorire (famesol) (FOH, C 15 ), nerolidol (nerolidol) (NOH, C 15 ), Geranirugera Niort (geranylgeraniol) (GGOH, C 2 .)
- FOH and NOH are currently synthesized by chemical synthesis, except that they are prepared in small quantities from natural products such as essential oils.
- FOH and NOH synthesized by chemical synthesis generally have the same carbon skeleton, but double bonds are obtained as a mixture of type (ir ⁇ as type) and (-type (cis type) (A-type (£ E) -EOH or (£) - ⁇ is a form synthesized by the metabolic pathway of living organisms and has industrial value.
- E ⁇ E ⁇ FOH or (-NOH Purification using column chromatography, precision distillation, etc., is necessary to obtain the pure form of A.
- the thermally unstable allyl alcohol (FOH) and its isomer NOH (NOH) are required.
- the biosynthesis method of (£) - ⁇ (hereinafter referred to as “FOH”) is desired, but not established, because of the characteristics such as the control of isomer production and the repeating structure of the reaction product.
- FOH biosynthesis method of (£) - ⁇ (hereinafter referred to as “FOH”)
- the budding yeast Saccharomyces In the cells of cerew's seed) it is supplied via the mevalonate pathway, but it is only known that the use of HMG-CoA reductase, which is considered to be the key enzyme, increases the squalene synthesizing ability (see 5-192184; Donald et al. (1997) Appl. Environ.
- the present invention provides prenyl by culturing a recombinant produced by introducing a recombinant DNA for expression containing a HMG-CoA reductase gene, a ⁇ -isomerase gene, a PPP synthase gene, or a mutant gene thereof.
- the purpose is to provide a method for producing alcohol.
- the present inventor has conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, has been widely used in the fermentation industry since ancient times, synthesizes prenyl diphosphate through the mevalonate pathway or the DXP pathway, and makes full use of various methods related to genetic recombination.
- a prenyl alcohol production system by introducing a gene capable of the enzyme involved in prenyl diphosphoric acid, using an available host, for example, a unicellular eukaryote (especially yeast) or a prokaryote (eg, bacteria, especially Escherichia coli) as an experimental material.
- a gene for an enzyme involved in prenyl diphosphate synthesis eg, FPP synthase gene or ⁇ -isomerase gene
- FPP synthase gene or ⁇ -isomerase gene eg, FPP synthase gene or ⁇ -isomerase gene
- the present invention relates to a recombinant DNA or genomic integrator for expression comprising an HMG-CoA reductase gene, an FPP synthase gene or a ⁇ -isomerase gene or a mutant gene thereof, and a transcription promoter and a transcription terminator.
- a method for producing prenyl alcohol which comprises introducing a DNA fragment for a recombinant into a host to produce a recombinant, culturing the recombinant, and collecting prenyl alcohol from the resulting culture.
- prenyl alcohol those having 15 carbon atoms, For example, FOH or NOH can be mentioned.
- the HMG-CoA reductase gene or its mutant gene includes those encoding the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, 4, or 6, or deletions thereof, for example, SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, 5, and 7 to 16. Those containing any one of the base sequences selected from the group are included.
- Examples of the huanesyl diphosphate synthase gene or its mutant gene include those encoding the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 76, 78, 80, 82 or 84, for example, SEQ ID NOs: 75, 77, 79, 81 and 83.
- Examples of the IPP ⁇ -isomerase gene or its mutant gene include those encoding the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 86, for example, those containing the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 85.
- Examples of the transcription promoter include any one selected from the group consisting of an ADH1 promoter, a TDH3 ⁇ GAP) promoter, a PGK1 promoter, a TRF2 promoter, a ⁇ promoter, and a ⁇ c promoter. However, a transcription promoter having an activity equivalent to these promoters can also be used.
- the transfer terminator includes an AOffl terminator or a one-minute-one-one-one.
- the host is a yeast, for example, a budding yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, specifically, A451, YPH499, YPH500, W303-1A or W303-1B or a strain derived therefrom, or a bacterium, for example, Escherichia coli). Specifically, JM109 or a strain derived therefrom is preferable.
- prenyl alcohol for example, NOH or FOH can be produced at a concentration that cannot be reached by a culture of host cells alone (at least a concentration of 0.05 mg / l in the medium).
- the present invention relates to a recombinant DNA or genomic intact expression comprising an HMG-CoA reductase gene, an FPP synthase gene or a ⁇ -isomerase gene or a mutant gene thereof, and a transcription promoter and a transcription terminator.
- a recombinant obtained by introducing a DNA fragment for a great into a host, which is capable of producing at least 0.05 mg / l of ⁇ or NOH.
- the host, promoter, and terminator are the same as described above.
- the present invention will be described in detail. This description includes part or all of the contents as disclosed in the description and / or drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-401701, which is a priority document of the present application.
- the present inventor has developed a system for producing activated prenyl alcohol ((a / 7--prenyl alcohol)) in vivo using metabolic engineering techniques.
- Enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of IPP and DMAPP (3,3-dimethylallyl diphosphate) as substrates, but usually does not progress to FOH, squalene synthesis by squalene synthase, geranylgeraernilic acid It progresses to GGPP synthesis by synthase, hexaprenyl diphosphate synthesis by hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase, etc. (Fig.
- the present invention provides two independent pathways (mevalonate pathway and DXP pathway) that differ depending on the organism.
- HMG-CoA reductase gene FPP synthase gene, or ⁇ -isomerase gene, which is considered to be involved in the activation of prenyl diphosphate synthesis.
- Transformed cells that can produce prenyl alcohols such as NOH and FOH, which are not always specified in general metabolic pathway maps, but not squalene, which is always expected, or sterols, which are major end products.
- the authors developed a biological mass production system for prenyl alcohol, and also deleted some regions of the HMG-CoA reductase gene in various patterns (Fig. 2).
- Into a host under the control of a transcription promoter or by introducing an FPP synthase amino acid residue substitution mutant enzyme into the host to develop a biological mass production system for the above substances. .
- a recombinant DNA for expression for transforming a host can be obtained by ligating or inserting a transcription promoter and a transcription promoter DNA into a gene to be expressed.
- Genes to be expressed include HMG-CoA reductase gene (for example, HMG, Escherichia coli iEschericliia co) FPP synthase gene ispA, Bacillus stearothermophilus BaciUus stearothermophilus) -FV synthase gene, and IPP- ⁇ isomerase gene. Raise gene '' ( ⁇ 182) and the like (hereinafter abbreviated as HMG-CoA reductase gene and the like). These genes can be isolated by a cloning technique using PCE or a commercially available kit.
- a gene expression cassette in which a transcription promoter and a transcription terminator are linked in advance to the HMG-CoA reductase gene or the like can be prepared in advance and incorporated into a vector.
- the order of ligation and insertion is arbitrary, but the transcription promoter is connected upstream of the HMG-CoA reductase gene, etc., and the transcription promoter is connected to the downstream of the HMG-CoA reductase gene, etc. I do.
- a transcription promoter and a transcription terminator such as an HMG-CoA reductase gene may be sequentially incorporated into an appropriate DNA, for example, a vector DNA, and may be incorporated in any order if the direction of transcription is considered. May be.
- the DNA to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is likely to be genetically retained in the host cell.
- examples include plasmid DNA, bacteriophage, retrotransposon DNA, and artificial chromosome DNA (YAC). And the like.
- a replication function is not necessarily required, and a fragment prepared by PCR or chemical synthesis may be used.
- Examples of the plasmid DNA include a YCp-type E. coli-yeast shuttle vector such as pRS413, pRS414, pRS415, pRS416, YCp50, pAUR112 or pAUR123, a YEp-type E. coli-yeast shuttle vector such as pYES2 or YEpl3, pRS403, pRS404, pRS405, pRS406, Yip-type E.
- a YCp-type E. coli-yeast shuttle vector such as pRS413, pRS414, pRS415, pRS416, YCp50, pAUR112 or pAUR123
- a YEp-type E. coli-yeast shuttle vector such as pYES2 or YEpl3, pRS403, pRS404, pRS405, pRS406, Yip-type E.
- coli-yeast shuttle vector such as pAUElOl or pAUR135, Escherichia coli-derived plasmid (pBR322, pBR325, pUC18, pUC19, pUC118, pUC119, pTV118N, pTV119N, pBluescript, pHSG298, pHSG396 or pTrc99A ColE-based plasmid such as pACYCl77 or pl5A-type plasmids such as pACYCl84, pSClOl-type plasmids such as pMW118, pMW119, pMW218 or pMW219, and Bacillus subtilis-derived plasmids (eg, pUB110, pTP5, etc.).
- Retrotransposons include T factors and the
- a selectable marker gene is used to introduce recombinant DNA into a host, but a marker gene is not always necessary when there is an assay method.
- a constitutively expressed promoter or an inducibly expressed promoter can be used as the transcription promoter.
- a constitutively expressed promoter means a transcription promoter of a gene involved in a major metabolic pathway, and is a promoter which is considered to have transcription activity under any growth condition.
- the inducible expression type promoter refers to a promoter which has transcription activity under specific growth conditions and whose activity is suppressed under other growth conditions. Any transcription promoter may be used as long as it has activity in a host such as yeast.
- 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ promoter, promoter evening one, TJDH3 GAP) flop 1 a motor, ADH1 promoter can be used JPGK1 promoter, promoter.
- promoters such as trp, lac, trc and ac can be used.
- cis elements such as enhancers, splicing signals, poly-A-added signals, and selectable markers can be linked as desired.
- selectable markers URA3, LEU2, TRP1, HZS ⁇ and marker gene to nutritional unsolicited of phenotype indicators such as, Amp Tet r, Cm r, Km ⁇ £ ZKJ- (7 anti such Biomaterial resistance genes.
- a terminator derived from any gene may be used as long as it has activity in a host such as yeast.
- yeast for expression in yeast, an ADH1 terminator, a CC terminator and the like can be used.
- a terminator may also be used for expression in E. coli.
- An SD sequence (represented by 5'-AGGAGG-3 ') can be incorporated as a ribosome binding site for translation upstream of the start codon of bacterial genes such as Escherichia coli.
- the expression vector prepared as a recombinant DNA for gene transfer can be named and identified by displaying the gene name next to the plasmid name, unless otherwise specified. For example,? (When the H? _? Gene is ligated to the plasmid PRS434GAP having the 4 promoter, it is displayed as "pRS434GAP-HMGl". Except in special cases, when using other plasmids or promoters, Display in the same way.
- the HMG-CoA reductase gene or the like may be a deletion type in which a partial region (up to 2217 bases) is deleted, a wild type gene or a base sequence of these deletion type genes.
- a mutant gene in which one or several to several tens of bases are deleted, substituted or added may be used.
- a deletion form in which a maximum of 739 amino acids have been deleted from the amino acid sequence of natural HMG-CoA reductase (SEQ ID NO: 2), a wild-type enzyme in which amino acid is deleted or One or several (for example, 1 to 10 and preferably 1 to 3) amino acids may be mutated by deletion, substitution or addition from the type enzyme.
- the FPP synthase gene may also be a mutant gene in which one or several to several tens of bases have been deleted, replaced or added.
- various mutant genes SEQ ID NOs: 79, 81 or 83 in which five bases of the wild-type FPP synthase gene (SEQ ID NO: 77) are substituted can be used.
- mutant gene the 79th amino acid residue iyr of wild-type FPP synthase (SEQ ID NO: 78) was replaced with Asp (SEQ ID NO: 80), Glu (SEQ ID NO: 82) or Met (SEQ ID NO: 84). Encodes a mutated mutant enzyme.
- a base substitution mutation that occurs in a DNA fragment obtained by amplifying wild-type DNA by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) using low-fidelity DNA polymerase such as Taq DNA polymerase is called a ⁇ PCR error, ''
- a wild-type HMG-CoA reductase gene SEQ ID NO: 1
- an HMG-CoA reductase gene having a substitution mutation of the encoded polypeptide due to a substitution mutation of a base due to a PCR error (Referred to as "HM6 ⁇ '") can also be used in the present invention.
- FIG. 2A shows an embodiment of base substitution due to a PCR error when the wild-type HMG-CoA reductase gene (SEQ ID NO: 1) is changed to type III.
- HU has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3, and the amino acid sequence encoded thereby is shown in SEQ ID NO: 4.
- nucleotide mutations are represented by the base before substitution (indicated by one letter), the base number when the first base of the start codon of the HMG-CoA reductase gene is set to 1, the base after substitution (one letter) (Notation).
- Amino acid mutation is PCR error type HMG-CoA
- the amino acid residue before substitution (single letter notation)
- the amino acid number of HMG-CoA reductase (single letter notation)
- the amino acid residue after substitution (single letter notation)
- the above PCR error-type nucleotide sequence can be partially corrected by site-directed mutagenesis or the like, and such a modified HMG-CoA reductase gene can also be used in the present invention. .
- an HMG-CoA reductase gene (including a PCII error type) encoding a deletion form in which a region predicted to be a transmembrane domain of HMG-CoA reductase is deleted can also be used in the present invention.
- FIG. 2B shows an example of a deletion gene MG1A of the PCR error type HMG-CoA reductase gene IMG. The top row is the HMG1 gene without deletion. The portion indicated by the thin line (1) is the deleted region. Table 1 shows which region of the HMG gene (SEQ ID NO: 3) was deleted in each of the deletion-type genes.
- the HMi ⁇ 'deletion gene is represented by HMGJAxxy according to the pattern of deletion.
- XX indicates the pattern of the deletion
- y indicates the operation number (arbitrary number).
- “ ⁇ 026” is displayed as an example of HMG1 ⁇ 02y (those with other deletion patterns are also displayed).
- HMG1 (558-532) 5 'GTC TGC TTG GGT TAG ATT TTC TGA AAA 3'SEQ ID NO: 39
- the recombinant DNA of the present invention is introduced into a host so that the HMG-CoA reductase gene and the like (including various mutant types; unless otherwise specified, the same applies hereinafter) can be introduced into a host. Can be obtained.
- the host is prenylal
- Fungi include myxomycota, algal fungi (Phycomycetes), ascomycetes, Ascomycota, fungi (Basidiom cota), and fungi (Fungi Imperfecti).
- yeast As fungi, single-celled organisms are well known as industrially important yeasts, and examples include ascomycetous yeasts of ascomycetes, basidiomycetous yeasts of basidiomycetes, and incomplete fungal yeasts of incomplete fungi. .
- ascomycete yeasts especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces' cerevisiae Saccharom y ces cerevisiae: known as baker's yeast), Kiyandida-Interview one Thiry MCandida or Pichia path Bokuri scan (JPichia pastris), etc., in fission yeast A Shizo Saccharomyces * Bomb Tl.
- the yeast strain is not particularly limited as long as it can produce prenyl alcohol.
- S. cerevisiae for example, the following strains: A451, EUG8, EUG12, EUG27, YPH499, YPH500, W303-1A, W303-1B, AURGG101 and the like can be mentioned.
- an electo-portion method, a spheroplast method, a lithium acetate method, or the like can be employed as introducing the recombinant DNA into the yeast.
- A451 (ATCC200589, MATa canl leu2 trpl ura3 aroT)
- YPH499 (ATCC76625, MATa ura3-52 Jys2-801 ade2-W> ⁇ trpl- A 63 his3- ⁇ 200 leu2- ⁇ 1, Stratagene, La Jolla, CA)
- W303-1A (MATa) eu2-Sleu2- ⁇ Yl his3- ⁇ ade2- ⁇ ura3- ⁇ trpl-1 canl-100)
- W303-1B (MATa Ieu2-3 Ieu2-1YI his 3-11 ade2- 3-1 trpl-1 canl-100)
- AURGG101 (A451, aurl :: AURl-C)
- EUG27 (YPH500, EG9p :: URA3-GALlp)
- Prokaryotes include ai'chaea and bacteria (bacteria).
- bacteria bacteria
- Archea Methanopacteri And halophiles such as Halobacterium of the genus Halobacterium, and thermophilic and eosinophilic bacteria such as the genus Sulpolobus.
- bacteria include various Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria that have high industrial or academic value. subutilis) Bacillus genus such as Bacillus brevis, Pseudomonas genus such as Pseudomonas petit da seudomo putida), Agrobacterium umme
- Agrobacterium rhizogenes Corynebacterium (Corynebacterium glutamicum); Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum); Lactobacillus; Actinomyces Actinomycetes such as Streptmyces.
- the recombinant DNA of the present invention can be replicated autonomously in cells, and is composed of a transcription promoter, an SD sequence as a ribosomal RNA binding region, and a gene of the present invention. Is preferred. A transfer terminator or the like can be appropriately inserted. Further, a gene controlling a promoter may be included. Examples of Escherichia coli include, but are not limited to, BL21, DH5, HB101, JM101, MBV1184, TH2, XL1-Blue, Y-1088. Any transcription promoter can be used as long as it can be expressed in a host such as Escherichia coli.
- the method for introducing the recombinant vector into bacteria is not particularly limited as long as it is a method for introducing DNA into bacteria. For example, using calcium ions
- This method is carried out by a method such as a conventional method, an election-portation method, or a method using a commercially available kit.
- Whether or not the gene has been introduced into the host cell can be confirmed by a PCR method, a Southern plot hybridization method, or the like.
- a PCR method prepare DNA from the recombinant, design primers specific for the introduced DNA, and perform PCR. Thereafter, the amplified product is subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, or capillary electrophoresis, etc., and stained with bromide TC or SYBR Green solution, or the DNA is detected with a UV detector. Then, confirm the introduced DNA by detecting the amplification product as a single band or peak.
- amplification products can be detected by performing PCR using primers previously labeled with a fluorescent dye or the like.
- prenyl alcohol can be obtained by culturing the above-mentioned recombinant containing the introduced HMG-CoA reductase gene or the like, and collecting from the culture.
- culture means not only the culture supernatant but also the cultured cells or cultured cells themselves, or the crushed cells or cells.
- the method of culturing the recombinant of the present invention is performed according to a usual method used for culturing a host.
- prenyl alcohols include those having 15 carbon atoms, such as funaresol (FOH;) and nerolidol (NOH). The prenyl alcohols accumulate in the culture alone or as a mixture, respectively.
- the culture medium for culturing the recombinant obtained using the microorganism as a host is a medium containing a carbon source, a nitrogen source, inorganic salts, etc. that can be utilized by the microorganism and which can efficiently culture the recombinant.
- a natural medium or a synthetic medium may be used.
- the carbon source include carbohydrates such as glucose, galactose, fructose, sucrose, raffinose, and starch; organic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid; and alcohols such as ethanol and propanol.
- nitrogen sources include ammonium salts of inorganic or organic acids such as ammonia, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate, and ammonium phosphate, and other nitrogen-containing compounds.
- the inorganic substance include potassium phosphate monobasic, potassium phosphate dibasic, magnesium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, and calcium carbonate.
- Culture is usually performed under aerobic conditions such as shaking culture or aeration stirring culture at 26 to 36 ° C, preferably 30 to 2 to 7 days when ceresiae is used as a host, and JE.m / i is used as a host. In case 37 and 12 ⁇ : 18 hours. Adjustment of pH is performed using an inorganic or organic acid, an alkaline solution or the like.
- the culture may be carried out by adding an antibiotic such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol or o-leobasidin A to the medium, if necessary.
- an inducer may be added to the medium as necessary.
- a promoter e.g, galactose can be used as a carbon source.
- IPTG isopropyl- / 3-D-thiogalactovyranoside
- prenyl alcohol When cultured under the above culture conditions, prenyl alcohol can be produced in high yield by the host.
- the host is AURGG101 and the vector is pYHMG044, it can produce 32 mg or more per liter of medium and 150 mg or more depending on the culture conditions.
- the production efficiency of prenyl alcohol can be increased by further adding terpenoids, fats and oils, surfactants and the like to the above-mentioned medium.
- terpenoids terpenoids, fats and oils, surfactants and the like.
- Fats and oils soybean oil, fish oil, almond oil, olive oil
- Surfactants Taditol, Triton X-305, Span 85, Adekinol LG109 (made by Asahi Denka), Adekinol LG294 (made by Asahi Denka), Adekinol LG295S (made by Asahi Denka), Adecanol LG297 (made by Asahi Denka) Ade Riki No. B-3009A (Asahi Denka), Ade Riki Pronic L-61 (Asahi Denka)
- Fat concentration is 0.01% or more, preferably 1-3%, surfactant concentration is 0.005%
- the target prenyl alcohol is collected by crushing the cells or cells by a homogenizer treatment or the like.
- the cells may be directly extracted with an organic solvent or the like without crushing.
- the prenyl alcohol of the present invention is produced extracellularly or extracellularly, the culture solution is used as it is, or the cells or cells are removed by centrifugation or the like. Thereafter, prenyl alcohol is collected from the culture by extraction with an organic solvent or the like, and can be further isolated and purified using various chromatography and the like as necessary.
- Table 2 shows an example of a preferred combination of the host strain and the vector as the introduced recombinant DNA and a relationship of prenyl alcohol production in the present invention.
- GAP HMGl S. cerevisiae A451 0.05, 0.65-11.2, 4.9-11.2 0.05, 0.05-0.16, 0.16
- GAP HMGl S. cerevisiae EUG8 (from A451) 0.2, 0.20-1.8, 1.8,
- ADH, GAP, PGK, TE HMGl S. cerevisiae YPH499 0.05, 0.05-0.11, 0.11,
- GAP HMGl S. cerevisiae EUG12 (derived from YPH499) 5.9, 5.9-18.3, 18.3 0.13, 0.13-0.30, 0.30
- GAP HMGl S. cerevisiae EUG27 (YPH500) 3.2, 3.2-13.6, 13.6 0.05, 0.05-0.22, 0.22
- GAL HMGl b cerevisiae A451 0-05,-,-
- GAL HMGl S cerevisiae AURGG101 (A451 Tanaka) 0.05, 0.29-8.2, 8.2 0.05, 0.095-2.7, 2,7
- VvdUo 1A cerevisiae VvdUo 1A 0.05, 0.05, 0.10-0.15, 0.15
- FOH and NOH shows a lower limit, a preferred range, and a roughly preferred fl box in order from the left.
- HMG1 or its mutant gene eg, MG1 '
- UMGxxy was bound downstream of the constitutively expressed transcription promoter:
- FOH was .05 mg, preferably 0.05_18.3 mg / l
- NOH at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.05-0.3 mg / l.
- FOH is at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.05-158 mg / I, and more preferably 53- 158 mg / l and NOH at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.05-23 mg / l, more preferably 2.4-23 mg / l.
- ⁇ is at least 22 mg / l, preferably Produced 22-66 mg / l and produced NOH at least 12 mg / l, preferably 12-28 mg / l.
- FOH is at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably Produced 0.05-158 mg, more preferably 53-158 mg / l, and produced NOH at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.05-23 mg / l, more preferably 2.4-23 mg / l.
- FOH is at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.05- It produced 18.3 mg / l, more preferably 5.9-18.3 mg / l, and produced NOH at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.13-0.30 mg / l.
- FOH is at least 3.2 mg / l, preferably 3.2 mg / l. -13.6 mg was produced and NOH was produced at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.05-0.22 mg / l.
- FOH is at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.05-18.3 mg / l.
- FOH is at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.05-158 mg / l, and more preferably 53-158 mg. per liter of NOH, preferably at least 0.05 mg / l, preferably 0.05-23 mg / l, more preferably 2.4-23 mg / l.
- FOH is at least llmg / l, preferably It produced ll-90mg / l, more preferably 64-90mg / l.
- FOH produced at least 0.15 mg / l, preferably 0.15-0.16 mg / l by phosphatase treatment without addition of IPP or DMAPP.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the metabolic pathways of mevalonate pathway-related enzymes.
- FIG. 2A is a construction diagram of the deletion type HG ⁇ gene.
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a pattern of substitution mutation.
- FIG. 3 shows the plasmid pRS414.
- FIG. 4 shows the plasmid pYES2.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the sequences of AOH / promoter and terminator.
- FIG. 6A shows the plasmid pRS414PTadh.
- FIG. 6B shows the plasmid pHS414TPadh.
- FIG. 7A-1 shows the plasmid pRS434ADH.
- FIG. 7A-2 shows the plasmid pRS434GAP.
- FIG. 7B-1 shows the plasmid pRS434PGK.
- FIG. 7B-2 shows the plasmid pRS434TEF.
- FIG. 7C-1 shows the plasmid pRS436ADH.
- FIG. 7C-2 shows the plasmid pRS436GAP.
- FIG. 7D-1 shows the plasmid pRS436PGK.
- FIG. 7D-2 shows the plasmid pRS436TEF.
- FIG. 7E-1 shows the plasmid pRS444ADH.
- FIG. 7E-2 shows the plasmid pRS444GAP.
- FIG. 7F-1 shows the plasmid pRS444PGK.
- FIG. 7F-2 shows the plasmid pRS444TEF.
- FIG. 7G-1 shows the plasmid pRS446ADH.
- FIG. 7G-2 shows the plasmid pRS446GAP.
- FIG. 7H-1 shows the plasmid pRS446PGK.
- FIG. 7H-2 shows the plasmid pRS446TEF.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a physical map of plasmid PALHMG106.
- Figure 9 is a photograph showing the results of Southern blotting.
- FIG. 10 is a photograph showing the results of PCR mapping.
- FIG. 11 is a photograph showing the results of Northern plotting.
- FIG. 12A is a diagram showing the specific activity of each prenyl diphosphate synthase in the crude enzyme solution
- Figure 12B is a diagram showing the specific activity of each prenyl diphosphate synthase in the crude enzyme solution
- Figure 13 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pRS434GAP-HMGl or pRS444GAP-HMGl was introduced into A451.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pRS434GAP-HMGl or pHS444GAP-HMGl was introduced into A451.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pRS434GAP-HMGl or pRS444GAP-HMGl was introduced into A451.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the production amount of prenyl alcohol in the present invention.
- Figure 18 is a diagram showing pRS434GAP-HMGl, the production of Kino prenyl alcohol was introduced P RS444GAP-HMG1 in EUG12.
- FIG. 19 is a view showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pRS434GAP-HMG1 and pRS444GAP-HMGl were introduced into EUG27.
- FIG. 20A shows the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pYES-HMGl and pYHMG044 were introduced into the A451 strain.
- FIG. 20B shows the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pYES-HMGl and pYHMG044 were introduced into AURGG101 strain.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pYES-HMGl was introduced into W303-1A and W303-1B.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pYHMG026, pYHMG044, pYHMG056, pYHMG062, pYHMG076, pYHMG081, pYHMG100, pYHMG112, and pYHMG122 were introduced into A451.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pYHMG026, pYHMG044, pYHMG056, pYHMG062, pYHMG076, pYHMG081, pYHMGlOCK, pYHMG112, and pYHMG122 were introduced into AURGG101.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pYHMG026, pYHMG044, pYHMG056, pYHMG062, pYHMG076, pYHMG081, pYHMGlOCK, pYHMG112, and pYHMG122 were introduced into AURGG101 (an enlarged view of FIG. 23).
- FIG. 25 is a graph showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pRS434GAP-HMGl or pRS444GAP-HMGl and pYHMG04 were introduced into AURGG101.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when cultured in a culture solution containing E. colH IPP and DMAPP into which the mutant is gene has been introduced.
- FIG. 27 is a graph showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when E. « ⁇ ′ into which a mutant i3 ⁇ 4a4 gene was introduced was cultured in a culture solution containing neither ⁇ nor DMAPP.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced and the number of cells when the recombinant strain 15-2 (pYHMG044 / AURGG101) was cultured in jarf amen overnight.
- Co7i SURE2 super competent cells purchased from Stratagene (La Jolla, CA) were used as hosts to construct vectors. 6 cerew'siae genome preparation, vector — YPH499 (Stratagene) was used for the introduction test.
- Plasmids pRS404 and pRS414 were purchased from Stratagene. PAURl23 was purchased from Takara Shuzo, and pYES2 ( Figure 4) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA).
- Yeast genomic DNA preparation kit "Gen Toru-kun” was purchased from Takara Shuzo, and genomic DNA was prepared from .cerevisiae YPH499 according to the attached protocol.
- pRS414 (FIG. 3) was digested with Nael and PTOII, and a 4.1 kbp fragment not containing the flori and iac portions was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis. Also, pAUR123 was digested with ainHI, blunt-ended with Klenow enzyme, and then subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis. A 1.0 kbp fragment containing the transcription promoter (UWHlv) and the transcription terminator (OH2t) (Fig. 5, SEQ ID NO: 17) was purified. The 4.1 kbp fragment of pRS414 contains the replication origin of E.
- Plasmid DNA was prepared from the obtained recombinant, and matsupin with SaR and Seal was prepared.
- the CYC1 transcription terminator-CYClt fragment was prepared by PCR.
- XhoI-TcyclFW 5'- TGC ATC TCG AGG GCC GCA TCA TGT AAT TAG -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 18)
- Apal-TcyclRV 5'-CAT TAG GGC CCG GCC GCAAAT TAAAGC CTT CG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 19) ⁇
- CYClt-XA was inserted into the JSoI- ⁇ I site of pRS404 and pRS406, and was designated as pRS404Tcyc and pRS406Tcyc, respectively.
- a DNA fragment was prepared.
- the DNA primers used are as follows.
- SacI-PadhlFW 5'-GAT CGA GCT CCT CCC TAA CAT GTA GGT GGC GG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 20)
- SacII-PadhlRV 5'-CCC GCC GCG GAG TTG ATT GTATGC TTG GTA TAG C-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 21)
- SacI-Ptdh3FW 5'-CAC GGA GCT CCA GTT CGA GTT TAT CAT TAT CAA-
- SacII-Ptdh3RV 5 »-CTC TCC GCG GTT TGT TTG TTT ATG TGT GTT TAT TC -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 23)
- SacI-PpgklFW 5 * -TAG GGA GCT CCA AGA ATT ACT CGT GAG TAA GG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 24)
- SacII-PpgklRV 5'-ATA ACC GCG GTG TTT TAT ATT TGT TGT AAA AAG TAG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 25)
- SacI-Ptef2FW 5'-CCG CGA GCT CTT ACC CAT AAG GTT GTT TGT GAC G-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 26)
- SacII-Ptef2RV 5'-CTT TCC GCG GGT TTA GTT AAT TAT AGT TCG TTG ACC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 27)
- SacI-PadhlFW and SacII-PadhlRV were used as DNA primers for PCR, and pAUR123 was used for type II.
- TDH3 (GAP) transcription promoter 7X> H3 ⁇ 4) (GAPp) SacI-Ptdh3FW and SacII-Ptdh3RV are used as PCR DNA primers for amplification, and SacI-PpgklFW and SacII-PpgklRV are used for PCR for PGK1 transcription promoter PGKlp amplification.
- SacI-Ptef2FW and SacII-Ptef2RV were used as DNA primers for TEF2 transcriptional promoter-TEF2p amplification, and yeast genomic DNA was used for type II.
- the reaction solution is 0.1 g pAUR123 or 0.46 yeast genomic DNA, 100 pmol primer DNA, lx ExTaq buffer (Takara Shuzo), 20 ninol dNTP, 0.5 u ExTaq DNA polymerase (Takara Shuzo) and 1 a1 perfect match polymerase.
- PRS404Tcyc and pRS406Tcyc were the plasmids in which 2 ⁇ was inserted in the same direction as pYES2 in pRS2T, respectively, as pRS434Tcyc2 Ori and pRS436Tcyc2 li Ori. OrL pRS446Tcyc2H Ori.
- Table 3 summarizes the expression vectors produced by the present invention.
- each YEp-type vector prepared in the present invention normally functions as a vector.
- N-terminal primer 5'-ATG CCG CCG CTA TTC AAG GGA CT-3 "(SEQ ID NO: 28)
- C-terminal primer (primer 2): 5--TTA GGA TTT AAT GCA GGT GAC GG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 29)
- PCR was performed in the following reaction mixture for 30 cycles, with denaturation at 94 ° C for 45 seconds, annealing at 55 ° C for 1 minute, and extension at 72 ° C for 2 minutes as one cycle.
- the determined base sequence was a mutant gene partially different from the base sequence shown in JB of GenBank (http: ⁇ www-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / Genbank / index.html).
- Fig. 2A The gene encoding the amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 4) of the mutant HMG-CoA reductase containing this PCR error is designated as HMG1 '.
- the site-specific mutation was performed by the method described in "Protocols and application guide, third edition, 1996 Promega, ISBN 1-882274-57-1" issued by Promega.
- the following three types of oligos for mutagenesis were chemically synthesized.
- HMG1 (190-216) 5'-CCAAATAAAGACTCCAACACTCTATTT-3, (SEQ ID NO: 30) HMG1 (1807-1833) 5'-GAATTAGAAGCATTATTAAGTAGTGGA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 31)
- HMGl (2713-2739) 5'-GGATTTAACGCACATGCAGCTAATTTA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 32)
- pT7HMGl was digested with 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 1, ApalA, ⁇ , and a 3.2 kbp HG_Z fragment was prepared by agarose gel electrophoresis. This was inserted into the Smal-SaR site of pALTER- ⁇ to create pALHMGl.
- HMGl (558-532) 5'-GTCTGCTTGGGTTACATTTTCTGAAAA-3, (SEQ ID NO: 33) HMG1 (1573-1599) 5'-CATACCAGTTATACTGCAGACCAATTG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 34)
- HMGl (2458-2484) 5'-GAATACTCATTAAAGCAAATGGTAGAA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 35)
- the plasmid with the sequence corrected in H ⁇ was designated as pALHMG106 (FIG. 8).
- S. cerevisiae BTSl gene also called GGPP synthase gene
- N-terminal primer 5'-ATG GAG GCC AAG ATA GAT GAG CT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 36)
- the PCR was performed in the same manner as in the reaction solution composition described in (1). Performed 30 cycles.
- the pT7Blue T vector was treated with HamHI to remove the ⁇ gene, which was introduced into the aHL site of pYES2 (Invitrogen).
- the obtained recombinant vector was designated as pYESGGPS.
- E. genomic DNA was prepared from E. coli JM109 (Takara Shuzo) by the following method. After culturing JM109 in 1.5 ml 2xYT medium, the cells were collected by centrifugation, and 567 l of ⁇ ( ⁇ 8.0), 3 i 1 of 20 mg / mi protemase- (Boehrmger Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany) and 30 ⁇ 1 of 10% After adding SDS and keeping the temperature at 37 ° C for 1 hour, 1001 of 5M NaCl was added and mixed. To this was added 801 of a CTAB solution of NaCl (10% CTAB, 0.7 M NaCl), and heated at 65 for 10 minutes.
- a CTAB solution of NaCl 10% CTAB, 0.7 M NaCl
- the E. m / i-derived FPP synthase gene is was cloned by PCR using E. «? 7 genomic DNA as type I and the following synthetic oligo DNA as primers.
- ISPA1 5'-TGA GGC ATG CAA TTT CCG CAG CAA CTC G-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 68)
- ISPA2 5'-TC AGAATT CAT CAG GGG CCT ATT AAT AC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 69)
- lx ExTaq buffer 0.5 In a 100 il l reaction solution containing mM dNTP, 100 pmol ISPA1, 100 pmol ISPA2, 0.2 g E. coli genomic DNA, and 5 u ExTaq, 94 ⁇ ⁇ 1 min, 55 ° C 1 min, 72 1.5 min 30 PCR was performed by repeating the cycle.
- Plasmids pALispA4, pALispAl6, and pALispAl8 into which the i ⁇ gene '(SEQ ID NO: 77) was correctly introduced were obtained by restriction enzyme mapping using coRI, >> aI, M, & al, and mHI.
- pALispA16 a polypeptide encoded by E. coliispA according to the protocol described in "Protocols and applications guide, third edition, 1996 Promega, ISBN 1-882274-57-1" issued by Promega.
- the codon encoding the 79th amino acid residue T ⁇ r was modified by substitution mutation.
- the following oligonucleotides for mutagenesis (also referred to as mutant oligos) were prepared by a chemical synthesis method.
- ISPA-D 5'-ATC ATG AAT TAA TGA GTC AGC GTG GAT GCA TTC AAC GGC GGC AGC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 70)
- ISPA-E 5'-ATC ATG AAT TAA TGA TTC AGC GTG GAT GCA TTC AAC GGC GGC AGC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 71)
- mutant oligo ISPA-M 5'-ATC ATG AAT TAA TGA QL AGC GTG GAT GCA TTC AAC GGC GGC AGC -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 72)
- the mutant oligo ISPA-M has 16th to 18th bases (3 bases) (Underlined) is the 79th wild type! Since it is a codon that encodes Vr, it is designed to encode Met.
- mutant oligo ISPA-D and mutant oligo ISPA-E were designed to encode Asp and Glu, respectively.
- the 26th to 31st bases (6 bases are underlined) were designed so that a new EcdT22l (Nsil) site could be created after substitution mutation introduction, This is an array designed to be easily distinguished by mapping.
- the mutant oligo was previously phosphorylated at the 5 'end with T4 polynucleotide kinase (Promega) and gel-filtered and purified using Nick Culumn (Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden).
- T4 polynucleotide kinase Promega
- Plasmids containing the substitution mutant is (designated as m) prepared using ISPA-M as the mutation oligo were designated as p4D p4E p4M, and similarly, the plasmids prepared using pALispA16 as the type III were designated pl6D, respectively. Plasmids prepared using pl6E pl6M and pALispA18 as type III were called pl8D pl8E pl8M, respectively.
- the Escherichia coli ⁇ isomerase gene was previously named ORF182 (by NCBI BLAST search; GenBank accession number AE000372), but was replaced by ⁇ 'according to Hahn et al. (1999) J. Bacteriol., 181, 4499-4504. It is named. Plasmids obtained by cloning idi (SEQ ID NO: 85; encoding the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 86) include p3-47-ll described in Hemmi et al. (1998) J. Biochem., 123, 1088-1096. p3-47-13 was used.
- fps Bacillus stearothermophilus synthase gene
- SEQ ID NO: 75 a Bacillus stearothermophilus synthase gene
- SEQ ID NO: 76 a Bacillus stearothermophilus synthase gene
- HM2 gene Using the pRS vectors (Figs. 6 and 7), which are E. coli-S. Cererisiae YEv-type shuttle vectors having a constitutively expressed transcription promoter, the HM2 gene
- the subcloned plasmid was checked on the physical map by mapping the restriction enzymes JOwl, Spel, Nael, and Spl, and confirming the base sequence of the border region of the inserted 3.2 kbp J ⁇ f ⁇ gene fragment.
- the prepared plasmid was selected.
- the selected plasmids were pRS434GAP-HMGl, pRS444GAP-HMGl, pRS434TEF-HMG1, pRS444TEF-HMGl, pRS434PGK-HMGl and pRS444PGK-HMGl, respectively.
- the vectors pRS414PTadh and pRS414TPadh containing the constitutively expressed transcription promoter DH2p (Fig. 6B) were treated with the restriction enzymes Sal and 6 ⁇ , and the same procedure as (1) was performed to obtain plasmids pRS414PTadh-HMGl and HMG1 gene inserted. pRS414TPadh-HMGl was produced.
- pT7HMGl prepared in Example 2 (1) was treated with BsmBl SalL Seal to remove the gene HMG encoding the mutant HMG-CoA reductase by PCR error, and this was used as the B ⁇ of pYES2 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). -Introduced at XIiol site.
- the obtained recombinant vector was designated as pYES-HMGl.
- the nucleotide sequence in the vector was determined, it was confirmed that the nucleotide sequence was SEQ ID NO: 3.
- pYES2 is a yeast expression shuttle vector having a ori of yeast 2 mDNA as a replication origin and a GA1 transcription promoter inducible with galactose (FIG. 4).
- the 373A DNA sequencer confirmed that the reading frames of the amino acids upstream and downstream of HMG1 in the obtained plasmid DNA were not misaligned, and that no amino acid substitution due to PCR error occurred near the binding site. ). As a result, the following plasmid was obtained in which no amino acid substitution due to a PCR error occurred near the binding site and the gene could be deleted without shifting the reading frame.
- the deletion type HMG1 gene is described as A02y (y represents an arbitrary operation number) according to the pattern of the deletion, and the pYES2 vector containing A02y is described as pYHMG026, for example. The same applies to the deletion form of).
- HMG1 A 02y SEQ ID NO: 7
- HMGl SEQ ID NO: 8
- HMGl my: SEQ ID NO: 10
- HMG1 MOy SEQ ID NO: 13
- HMG1 Mly SEQ ID NO: 14
- HMG1M2J SEQ ID NO: 15
- a 1.9 kbp SaR fragment having the primary structure of Minne-Yone-ichi (i Up-CTOZt) was prepared.
- PYES2 (l-27): 5 * -GGC CGC AAA TTAAAG CCT TCG AGC GTC-3 * (SEQ ID NO: 73)
- PYES2 (861-835): 5'-ACG GAT TAG AAG CCG CCG AGC GGG TGA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 74)
- This fragment was inserted into the SiR site of pAURlOl (Takara) to obtain pAURGG115.
- the absence of PCR errors in the gene in PAUEGG115 was confirmed by DNA sequencing.
- PAURGG115 was linearized with 00651 and introduced into the A451 strain by the lithium acetate method. Colonies growing at 30 ° C were used as transformants. The obtained transformant was selected once again on an aureobasidin selection plate by a single-mouth method.
- AURGG101 was used as one of A451-derived host strains.
- AURGG102 integrates ⁇ into the genome, but AURGG101 does not integrate into the genome, and It turns out to be simply a replacement for the gene C.
- AURGG101 can be used as an example of an A451-derived host strain because ⁇ t RZ is not directly involved in prenyl alcohol or prenyl diphosphate synthesis.
- a gene map around the squalene synthase gene EKG ⁇ was extracted from the yeast genome database, and PCR primer DNA was designed to amplify a DNA fragment for the transcription promoter-ERG9 ⁇ substitution.
- pYES2 was digested with N & el and Nhel, blunt-ended with the Klenow enzyme, and pYES2 ⁇ in which the 2 ori portion had been deleted by self-ligation was changed to a ⁇ type. Prepared by PGR amplification.
- the primers used in the PCR are as follows.
- E-MCSf 5'- GCC GTT GAC AGA GGG TCC GAG CTC GGT ACC AAG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 9)
- E-URA3r 5 *-CAT ACT GAC CCA TTG TCAATG GGT AAT AAC TGA T-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 50)
- the above primer has a ⁇ 31105 ⁇ recognition site (underlined portion) so that T / A ligation can be performed with a 0.7 kbp DNA fragment containing the downstream portion of the open reading frame YHR189W and a 0.9 kbp DNA fragment containing the upstream portion of ERG9 in the S. cerevisiae genome. ) Is added.
- the YHR189W fragment was prepared by PCR using the PCR primers YHR189Wf and YHR189Wr to transform the YPH499 genomic DNA into a ⁇ form
- the ERG9 fragment was prepared by PCR using the PCH primers ERG9f and ERG9r to transform the YPH499 genomic DNA into a form.
- YPH499 genomic DNA was prepared using "Gen Toru-kun”.
- ERG9f 5'-ATG GGAAAG CTA TTA CAA T-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 53)
- ERG9r 5'-CAA GGT TGC AAT GGC CAT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 54)
- YHR189W-3f 5'-CAA TG AGG GCTATA TAT G-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 55)
- ERG9-2r 5'-AAC TTG GGG AAT GGC ACA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 56)
- the vector was introduced into yeast using a Frozen EZ yeast transformation II kit inserted into the shell from Zymo Research (Orange, CA).
- the recombinant is based on SGR medium (Glucose 1 and raffinose in SD medium replaced with glucose), CSM (-URA) (purchased from BIO 101 (Vista, CA)) and 40 mg final concentration.
- SGR medium Glucose 1 and raffinose in SD medium replaced with glucose
- CSM -URA
- BIO 101 Vera, CA
- SGR-U medium agar medium supplemented with adenine sulfate at 30 ° C.
- the grown cells are spread again on the same medium, cultured and cultured for single colony isolation. went.
- the obtained recombinant was named EUG (ERG9 :: URA3-GALlv) strain, and clones derived from A451 were designated EUG1-10, clones derived from YPH499 were designated EUG11-20, and clones derived from YPH500 were designated EUG21-30. .
- ERG8 expression was inhibited by glucose repression in SD medium and growth was inhibited. Clones were selected, and AUG8 was obtained from A451, EUG12 from YPH499, and EUG27 from YPH500.
- the gene expression of the various recombinant yeasts produced was determined by measuring the enzymatic activity of prenyl diphosphate synthase. , Northern blot hybridization
- the 1-2 strain was obtained by introducing pYES-HMGl into the A451 strain
- the 3-2 strain was obtained by introducing pYHMG044 into A451
- the 13-2 strain was obtained by introducing pYES-HMGl3 ⁇ 4AURGGIOI.
- 15-2 is the introduction of pYHMG044 into AURGG101.
- DNA prepared from yeast was digested with el and ⁇ I, and 3 g per lane was subjected to 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis.
- molecular weight markers 0.52 g each of lkb ladder and ⁇ ⁇ Pro from Promega (Madison, Wis.) Were used.
- the DNA was denatured with alkali and neutralized according to a standard method, and transferred to a Hybond N nylon membrane (Amersham, Buckinghamshire, England) by a blot blotting with 20 ⁇ SSC.
- One concubine, Menofreno Stratagene's UV cross-linker was used to irradiate ultraviolet rays under optimal cross-link conditions to fix the DNA on the membrane.
- RNA was prepared by partially modifying the method described in Current Protocols Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp.13.12.2-13.12.3. The modification is that the prepared RNA sample was further treated with DNase I.
- a Yip-type vector prepared in Example 4 was integrated into the genome, the prepared yeast DNA 0.3-0.6 ig was transformed into a type II synthetic oligo.
- PCR was performed using each combination of nucleotides AUR-FWc and AUR-HVc, and each combination of AUR-SAL1 and AUR-SAL2 as primers. PCR was performed under the conditions of repeating 30 cycles of 94 ° C for 30 seconds, 55 ° C for 1 minute, and 72 ° C for 3 minutes.
- AUR-RVc 5'-TCA CTA GGT GTAAAG AGG GCT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 58)
- AUR-SAL2 5'-TTG TAA AAC GAC GGC CAG TGA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 60)
- PCR fragments were cloned from Clontech (Palo Alto, CA) S. cerevisiae cDNA library into pT7blue T vector-1 (Novagen, Madison, WI) to produce pT7ERG20. .
- SCFPS1 5'-ATG GCT TCA GAA AAA GAAATT AG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 61)
- SCFPS2 5'-CTA TTT GCT TCT CTT GTAAAC TT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 62) PCR DIG Probe Synthesis Kit ("Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) using pT7ERG20 as type I and SCi Sl and SCFPS2 as primers DIG level probe DNA was prepared by the following procedure: The experimental conditions were according to the protocol attached to Roche Diagnostics.
- the PCR was performed under the conditions of repeating 30 cycles of 30 seconds at 94, 58 581 minute, and 3 minutes at 72.
- the synthesis status of the DIG-labeled probe DNA was checked by agarose gel electrophoresis after the reaction.
- BTS1 (1-21): 5'-ATG GAG GCC AAG ATA GAT GAG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 63)
- HMG1 (1267-1293): 5'-AAC TTT GGT GCAAAT TGG GTC AAT GAT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 42)
- HMGl (2766-2740): 5'-TCC TAA TGC CAA GAAAAC AGC TGT CAC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 65) Probe V:
- a DIG-labeled probe DNA was prepared in the same manner as Probe I.
- AUR-FW 5'-ATG GCAAAC CCT TTT TCG AGA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 66)
- AUR-RV 5 * -AGC CCT CTT TAC ACC TAG TGA-3 * (SEQ ID NO: 67)
- Southern blot hybridization was performed at 42 ° C for 24 hours using DIG Easy Hyb (Roche) at a probe concentration of 20 ng / ml.
- Northern blot hybridization was performed using DIG Easy Hyb at a concentration of 100 ng / ml for 24 hours at 50 ° C. Each was pre-hybridized with the DIG Easy Hyb solution for 24 hours at the same temperature as the hybridization. After hybridization, 2x SSC, 0.1% SDS, 65 ° C, 3 times for 10 minutes, 0.2x SSC, 0.1% SDS, 65 ° C,
- the extended prenyl diphosphoric acid was extracted with water-saturated butanol, and the radioactivity was partially measured with a liquid scintillation pump.
- FIG. 9 shows the results of the Southern plot hybridization. Also, _? Nearby
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show the results of mapping of the sides by PCR.
- lanes 1 to 7 correspond to the strain numbers (No. 1 to No. 7) used in (6), respectively.
- N indicates a fel-digested
- S indicates a ⁇ I-digested DNA lane.
- DNA in each lane was prepared from the following strains.
- Lane 1 A451; Lane 2, AURGG101; Lane 3, AURGG102; Lane 4, PYES-HMG1 / A451; Lane 5, pYHMG044 / A451; Lane 6, pYES-HMGl / AURGGIOI; Lane 7, pYHMG044 / AURGGl01
- ERG20 FPP synthase gene
- the AURGG102 strain had BTS1 integrated in the AUR1 portion, but the AURGGIOI did not differ from the host A451.
- AURGGIOI only the AUR1 gene was substituted and mutated to the ⁇ ra ⁇ -C gene derived from pAURlOl, and the GALl-BTSl fragment was not integrated into the genome.
- AUR is a medium supplemented with aureobasidin.
- Medium 1 is the preculture medium, and medium 2 is the main culture medium.
- lanes 1 to 7 are the same as in FIG. One indicates a transcript in SD medium, and a + indicates a transcript in SG medium.
- ERG20 transcripts tended to decrease in strains 13-2 (No. 6) and 15-2 (No. 7) when ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 transcription was induced in SG medium.
- the HMOZ transcript increased remarkably in the strain into which the 6L4Up-H fragment was introduced by the plasmid (No. 4-7) upon induction of transcription in SG medium.
- FIG. 43 The relative amount was calculated, and the specific activity per total protein was calculated.
- Figure 12 shows the results.
- the upper panel shows FPP synthase (ITS) activity
- the lower panel shows GGPP synthase (GGPS) activity.
- the upper panel shows HexPP synthase (HexPS) activity
- the lower panel shows PTase (total prenyl diphosphate synthase) activity.
- the gray bars show the results on the SD medium
- the white bars show the results on the SG medium.
- Most of the total prenylniphosphate synthase activity was FPP synthase activity, and the activity was increased by SG medium.
- the GGPP synthase activity is about one in 20000 of FPP synthase activity and about one in 300 of HexPP synthase activity. HexPP synthase activity decreased in SG medium.
- a gene (gene after PCR error correction) was inserted into a vector pRS434GAP or PRS444GAP containing a constitutively expressed promoter (27DH3), and pRS434GAP-HMGl and pRS444GAP-HMGl were prepared and introduced into A451.
- the obtained recombinants were designated as pRS434GAP-HMGl / A451 and pRS444GAP-HMGl / A451.
- the cells were cultured at 130 rpm in a reciprocal shaking culture at 26 for 4 days.
- the GC / MS used an HP6890 / 5973 GC / MS system (Hewlett-Packard, Wilmington, DE).
- the column used is HP-5MS (0.25 mm x 30 m, film thickness 0.25 Urn), and the analysis conditions are as follows.
- the GC / MS analysis conditions in this specification are all the same.
- FIGS. 13 to L5 The results of measuring the production of prenyl alcohol are shown in FIGS. 13 to L5.
- FIG. 14 shows the results when 10 more colonies were picked from pRS434 No. 3 in FIG. 13, and
- FIG. 15 is a diagram summarizing the data shown in FIG. In the colony No. 10 (pRS434) in Fig. 14, FOH production of 4.9 mg / l was observed.
- reference numerals 434 and 44 represent the results when the pRS434GAP and pRS444GAP vectors were used, respectively.
- the graph on the right shows the results when the host (A451) was cultured before gene transfer.
- A451 has a different balance between squalene synthase activity and mepalonic acid pathway activity, and has multiple copies or transcriptional activation of the HU gene. This results in the accumulation of the intermediate metabolite pharmacocylic acid (PP), which may result in the production of its dephosphorylated ⁇ .
- PP intermediate metabolite pharmacocylic acid
- mutations in iMV or SO7 in the A451 genotype may have conferred the ability to produce FOH.
- any strain that has the same balance of squalene synthase activity and mevalonate pathway activity as A451 or that has a mutation in and / or KO7 produces F0H by HG ⁇ introduction similarly. Can be expected.
- FOH production there was a tendency that productivity was better when pRS434GAP was used than when PRS444GAP was used as a vector.
- the obtained recombinant was cultured in a YM medium (a medium using # 499 as a host; the same applies hereinafter) supplemented with adenine sulfate to a concentration of 40 ⁇ g / ml.
- the culture conditions are the same as in (h).
- the pentane-extracted fraction of the culture solution was analyzed by GC / MS.
- the production of prenyl alcohol (NOH, FOH) was measured.
- 414PT, 414TR 434, and 444 are the results obtained using l pRS414PTadh, pRS414TPadh, pRS434xxx, and pRS444 xxx vectors (where xxx indicates the alphabetic part of the gene name used for the promoter).
- EUG8 EUG12, EU27
- Glc growth suppression from A451, YPH499, and YPH500
- Plasmids pRS434GAP-HMGl and pRS444GAP-HMGl and pRS444GAP-HMGl in which the HAf ⁇ gene (after correcting for PCR errors) has been inserted into pRS434GAP or PRS444GAP containing a vector containing a constitutively expressed promoter ( 2! DH3 ⁇ 4) l NOH, 0.20mg / l FOH production), EUGl2 (0.13mg / l NOH, 5.9mg / l FOH production), EU27 (0.038mg / l NOH, 3.2mg / l ⁇ production), prenyl alcohol production was measured.
- FIG. 17 The results are shown in FIG. 17 (EUG8), FIG. 18 (EUG12), and FIG. 19 (EUG27).
- EUG strain produced FOH when cultured in a YM medium using glucose (Glc) as a carbon source, but the introduction of HkfGJ improved the productivity.
- EUG8 and YPH499 from A451 strain and EUG12 and EUG27 from YPH500 have different production profiles, and it is considered that YPH strains are more suitable for production.
- HMGJ gene (HMG1 ', a PCR error mutant HMG1's inserted plasmid pYES2-HMG) was inserted into the vector pYES2 containing the inducible promoter G Wp. Enter.
- the cells were cultured at 130 ° C. for 4 days in a reciprocating shaking culture at 130 rpm. However, before adding to the SG medium, the cells were washed with physiological saline so that no glucose component was brought in. After culturing in SG medium, prenyl alcohol (NOH, FOH) production was measured.
- NOH, FOH prenyl alcohol
- FIG. 20A shows the result of A451
- FIG. 20B shows the result of AURGG101.
- pYES is the name of the vector used for gene transfer.
- the plasmid pYES2-HMG in which the HG2 gene was introduced into the vector pYES2 containing the inducible promoter GALJp was introduced into W303-1A and W303-1B. After culturing in SG medium, prenyl alcohol (NOH, FOH) production was measured (Fig. 21).
- Example 7 a prenyl alcohol-producing recombinant yeast was developed using the full-length HMG-CoA reductase gene or its mutant gene, but in this example, a deleted HMG-CoA reductase gene was used. Thus, a prenyl alcohol-producing recombinant yeast was produced and produced.
- HMG1 ⁇ 044 and concealed G1 ⁇ 122 were effective for FOH production (average O.Omg / ⁇ for HMG122 / A451).
- FIG. 23 the rightmost column shows the production amount of host AURGG101 before gene transfer.
- Figure 24 is an enlargement of the scale of Figure 23.
- PRS434GAP-HMGl or pRS444GAP-HMGl prepared in Example 7 (2) was introduced into the 15-2 strain prepared in Example (2). After culturing in SG medium, the production of prenyl alcohol (NOH, FOH) was measured (FIG. 25).
- the production of FOH when IPP and DMAPP were added to the medium was 86.4 mg / 1 for wild type ispA introduced (indicated by pALispA in Fig. 26), and the wild type fps Was introduced (indicated by pFE15NS2.9-l in FIG. 26), and it was 12.0 mg / 1.
- the ratio was 11.1 mg / 16.3 mg / 1 when JM109 carrying pl8M and pl8E was cultured, and 72.7 mg / L pl6D when JM109 carrying p4D was cultured.
- JM109 was cultured, it reached 93.3 mg / 1 (Fig. 26).
- the JM109 carrying pALispA4 and p3-47-11 had an FOH production capacity of 0.15 mg / 0.16 mg / 1 with JM109 carrying pALispA4 and p3-47-13 (FIG. 27).
- JM109 harbors two plasmids, pALispA4 and plasmid P3-47-11 or p3-47-13 containing ', that is, E. coli into which idi and ispA have been introduced, such as IPP and DMAPP
- plasmid P3-47-11 or p3-47-13 containing ' that is, E. coli into which idi and ispA have been introduced, such as IPP and DMAPP
- CSM-URA manufactured by BIO 101 In
- DOB manufactured by BIO 101 Inc.
- CSM-URA manufactured by BIO 101 In
- DOB manufactured by BIO 101 Inc.
- media 200 nil / 500 nil-Equipped Erlenmeyer flask with baffle
- AURGG101 strain was inoculated with one platinum loop and cultured at 30 ° C. and 130 rpm for 2 days.
- centrifugation (1500 g, 5 minutes, 4 ° C) and washing with sterile physiological saline were repeated three times to completely remove the glucose contained in the culture solution. Thereafter, 50 ml was inoculated (1%) in the evening of Fermen and cultured under the following conditions.
- a method for producing prenyl alcohol is provided. According to the present invention, a large amount of biologically active prenyl alcohol can be obtained. Based on this, it is possible to synthesize isoprenide terpenoids having various physiological activities. Further, the active prenyl alcohol provided in the present invention can also be used as a raw material for finding a substance having a new physiological activity.
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CA002433526A CA2433526A1 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2001-12-20 | Process for producing prenyl alcohol |
EP01272513A EP1354954A4 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2001-12-20 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING PRENYL ALCOHOL |
US10/462,698 US20040029239A1 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2003-06-17 | Method of producing prenyl alcohols |
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JP2000401701A JP3838033B2 (ja) | 2000-12-28 | 2000-12-28 | プレニルアルコールの製造方法 |
JP2000-401701 | 2000-12-28 |
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US10/462,698 Continuation US20040029239A1 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2003-06-17 | Method of producing prenyl alcohols |
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EP (1) | EP1354954A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3838033B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (2)
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US7851199B2 (en) | 2005-03-18 | 2010-12-14 | Microbia, Inc. | Production of carotenoids in oleaginous yeast and fungi |
US8691555B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2014-04-08 | Dsm Ip Assests B.V. | Production of carotenoids in oleaginous yeast and fungi |
Families Citing this family (13)
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WO2002010398A2 (en) | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-07 | Hahn Frederick M | Manipulation of genes of the mevalonate and isoprenoid pathways to create novel traits in transgenic organisms |
US7172886B2 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2007-02-06 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Biosynthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate |
US7192751B2 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2007-03-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Biosynthesis of amorpha-4,11-diene |
CA2567547C (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2012-10-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method for enhancing production of isoprenoid compounds |
JP5590769B2 (ja) | 2004-07-27 | 2014-09-17 | ザ リージェンツ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ カリフォルニア | イソプレノイド化合物を生産するための遺伝的に修飾された宿主細胞および同宿主細胞の使用方法 |
WO2007024718A2 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-03-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Genetically modified host cells and use of same for producing isoprenoid compounds |
JP2009511020A (ja) * | 2005-10-07 | 2009-03-19 | ザ リージェンツ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ カリフォルニア | 改変チトクロームp450酵素をコードする核酸およびその使用法 |
US8114645B2 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2012-02-14 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Methods for increasing isoprenoid and isoprenoid precursor production by modulating fatty acid levels |
DK2024504T4 (da) * | 2006-05-26 | 2023-02-27 | Amyris Inc | Fremstilling af isoprenoider |
BRPI0713105B8 (pt) * | 2006-05-26 | 2021-05-25 | Amyris Biotechnologies Inc | método para produzir um isoprenóide |
WO2009006386A2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-08 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Host cells and methods for producing isoprenyl alkanoates |
WO2009006429A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-08 | Regents Of The University Of California | Host cells and methods for producing 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, and 3-methyl-butan-1-ol |
JP4821886B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-04 | 2011-11-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 組換え酵母、当該組換え酵母を用いた分岐アルコールの製造方法 |
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WO2000001650A1 (en) * | 1998-07-06 | 2000-01-13 | Dcv, Inc. Doing Business As Bio-Technical Resources | Method of vitamin production |
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US5460949A (en) * | 1990-11-15 | 1995-10-24 | Amoco Corporation | Method and composition for increasing the accumulation of squalene and specific sterols in yeast |
JP3198842B2 (ja) * | 1994-03-24 | 2001-08-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ゲラニルゲラニル二リン酸合成酵素およびそれをコードするdna |
JP3538998B2 (ja) * | 1995-09-01 | 2004-06-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 長鎖プレニル二燐酸合成酵素 |
JP3209103B2 (ja) * | 1996-07-03 | 2001-09-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 変異型プレニル二燐酸合成酵素 |
WO1999053071A1 (fr) * | 1998-04-14 | 1999-10-21 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Procede de production de composes isoprenoides au moyen de micro-organismes et procede de detection de composes ayant une action antibacterienne ou herbicide |
US6531303B1 (en) * | 1998-07-06 | 2003-03-11 | Arkion Life Sciences Llc | Method of producing geranylgeraniol |
CN1308623A (zh) * | 1998-07-06 | 2001-08-15 | 伊斯曼化学公司 | 生产维生素e的方法 |
JP4013535B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-28 | 2007-11-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 微生物によるプレニルアルコールの高生産方法 |
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Cited By (4)
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US7851199B2 (en) | 2005-03-18 | 2010-12-14 | Microbia, Inc. | Production of carotenoids in oleaginous yeast and fungi |
US9909130B2 (en) | 2005-03-18 | 2018-03-06 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Production of carotenoids in oleaginous yeast and fungi |
US8691555B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2014-04-08 | Dsm Ip Assests B.V. | Production of carotenoids in oleaginous yeast and fungi |
US9297031B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2016-03-29 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Production of carotenoids in oleaginous yeast and fungi |
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CA2433526A1 (en) | 2002-07-11 |
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