WO2002052106A1 - Bridge bearing, bridge bearing measuring system, and method of maintaining bridge using the same - Google Patents

Bridge bearing, bridge bearing measuring system, and method of maintaining bridge using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002052106A1
WO2002052106A1 PCT/KR2001/002206 KR0102206W WO02052106A1 WO 2002052106 A1 WO2002052106 A1 WO 2002052106A1 KR 0102206 W KR0102206 W KR 0102206W WO 02052106 A1 WO02052106 A1 WO 02052106A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
measuring
bridge
data
displacement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2001/002206
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Young-Kwon Jang
Ho-Hak Kim
Moon-Sik Yu
Byung-Suk Kim
Young-Jin Kim
Sung-Yong Park
Jung-Rae Joh
Original Assignee
Kr Industrial Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020000080141A external-priority patent/KR20020051340A/en
Priority claimed from KR2020010009615U external-priority patent/KR200239375Y1/en
Application filed by Kr Industrial Co., Ltd. filed Critical Kr Industrial Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2002052106A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002052106A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E01D19/042—Mechanical bearings
    • E01D19/046—Spherical bearings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E01D19/042—Mechanical bearings
    • E01D19/047—Pot bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to a bridge bearing and a bridge bearing measuring system thereof, measuring a state of the bridge bearing installed between a bridge pier and a-bridge deck through a load acting on the bridge deck or a displacement therefrom, and a method of maintaining a bridge using the same.
  • a measuring instrument is separately installed at the middle of a bridge deck, and then a test car runs on the bridge to measure the load (pressure) acting on the bridge deck and various displacements. Then, the measured data is analyzed, to thereby inspect a state of the bridge.
  • the safety inspection of the bridge bearing can be performed with a naked eye or by measuring a fluctuating stress using a strain gauge, but important factors such as deformation of the bridge deck, subsidence of the bridge, etc. cannot be measured.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a bridge bearing and a bridge bearing measuring system thereof, measuring a state of the bridge bearing installed between a bridge pier and a bridge deck through a load acting on the bridge deck or a displacement therefrom, and a method of maintaining a bridge using the same.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of effectively maintaining the bridge by using the bridge bearing measuring system.
  • a bridge bearing comprising a lower plate installed on a bridge pier, a rubber plate inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate, a middle plate provided on the rubber plate, a fluorine resin plate provided on the middle plate, an upper plate installed to a bridge deck, a stainless plate installed to a lower part of the upper plate, further comprising a load cell inserted into the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate, and measuring load acting on the rubber plate; an X- and Y- displacement measuring device installed between the upper and middle plates and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate; and a Z-displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate; and a temperature- measuring device measuring a temperature change.
  • a bridge bearing comprising an upper plate installed on an upper structure of the bridge, a lower plate installed on a lower structure of the bridge, a rubber plate inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate, a piston positioned on an upper part of the rubber plate, a slider being in spherical contact with an upper part of the piston, and a stainless plate positioned between the slider and the upper plate, further comprising a load cell installed to the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate and measuring load acting on the rubber plate; an X- and Y- displacement measuring device installed between the upper plate and slider and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the slider; a Z-displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate; and a temperature-measuring device measuring a temperature change of the rubber plate.
  • a bridge bearing measuring system comprising a bridge bearing including a lower plate installed on a bridge pier, a rubber plate inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate, a middle plate provided on the rubber plate, a fluorine resin plate provided on the middle plate, an upper plate installed to a bridge deck, a stainless plate installed to a lower part of the upper plate, a load cell inserted into the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate, and measuring load acting on the rubber plate, an X- and Y-displacement measuring device installed between the upper and middle plates and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate, and a Z-displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate, and a temperature-measuring device measuring a temperature change; a data storage device storing data measured by the measuring devices as electric signals
  • the data storage device and the data transmission device employ a solar battery or a storage battery as a power source.
  • the above and other objects may be also achieved by the provision of a method of maintaining a bridge using the bridge bearing measuring system according to claim 5, comprising the steps of measuring the load, the displacements and the temperature change in real time; storing the measured data in the data storage device; transmitting the stored data to the data analysis device through the data transmission device; analyzing the transmitted data by the data analysis device; displaying the result of analysis on a monitor; giving an alarm if the result of analysis is not normal; and maintaining the bridge bearing and the bridge, when the alarm is given.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a bridge bearing according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a bridge bearing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a graph showing a result of testing a bridge bearing having the allowable load of 130 tons, using a load cell of 2 tons;
  • Fig. 4 is a graph showing a result of a bridge bearing with the allowable load of 600 tons, using a load cell of 2 tons;
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a bridge bearing measuring system according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method of maintaining a bridge according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a bridge bearing according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the bridge bearing is comprised of a lower plate 1 fixed on a bridge pier by means of an anchor bolt 8, a rubber plate 3 being of a circular shape and inserted into a groove formed in the middle of the lower plate 1, a brass ring 3' inserted onto the upper circumference of the rubber plate 3 in order to prevent the rubber plate 3 from jutting out, a middle plate 4 made of steel and provided on the rubber plate 3, a fluorine resin (as a polytetrafluorethylene) plate 5 provided on the middle plate 4, a upper plate 2 whose the upper part is fixed to a bridge deck by means of an anchor bolt 8', and a stainless plate 2 ' provided on the lower part of the upper plate 2.
  • a load cell 6 contacted with a lower surface of the rubber plate 3 and measuring the partial load acting on the rubber plate 3, and a passage 7 for transmitting signals of the load cell 6 to the outside.
  • an X- and Y-displacement measuring device so as to measure X- and Y- displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate 4.
  • a Z-displacement measuring device 10 so as to measure a Z- displacement of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to displacement of the upper plate 2 according to a change of load (pressure) acting on the bridge deck.
  • a temperature-measuring device 11 to measure a temperature of the bridge bearing. More specially, the temperature-measuring device 11 measures a temperature of the rubber plate 3 which is sensitive to heat, so as to correct the measured load and displacement according to the temperature change, thereby enhancing precision.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a bridge bearing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a piston 17 and a slider 18 for smoothly bearing deformation of a bridge deck.
  • the piston 17 is positioned on the upper part of a rubber plate 3 inserted into a groove formed in the middle of the lower plate 1, and the slider 18 is in spherical contact with the upper part of the piston 17.
  • a stainless plate 2 ' is adhered to a lower part of the upper plate 2 positioned on the slider 18.
  • a packing 19 for preventing dust and foreign material flowing into the slider 18.
  • a load cell 6 is inserted into the lower plate 1 and contacts with a lower part of the rubber plate 3 so as to measure the load acting on the rubber plate 3.
  • a passage 7 for transmitting signals of the load cell 6 to the outside.
  • an X- and Y-displacement measuring device so as to measure X- and Y- displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the slider 18.
  • a Z-displacement measuring device so as to measure a Z-displacement of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to displacement of the upper plate 2 according to a change of load acting on the bridge deck.
  • a temperature- measuring device 11 is installed at a predetermined position at which the lower plate 1 contacts with the rubber plate 3.
  • the bridge bearing of the present invention is operated as follows. If load acts on the bridge deck and then uniformly acts on the rubber plate 3, partial load acts on the load cell 6 installed under the rubber plate 3. Load acting on the bridge bearing is measured by measuring the load acting on the load cell 6.
  • the diameter of the rubber plate 3 is D
  • the diameter of the load cell 6 contacting with the rubber plate 3 is , the area of the rubber plate 3 is A, the area of the load cell 6 is a, and the load acting on the bridge bearing is P, then the compressive stress ⁇ acting on the rubber plate 3 is
  • the load P can be derived from the load p f as follows.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are graphs showing the results of testing the bridge bearings having the allowable loads of 130 and 600 tons by using load cells of 2 tons, respectively.
  • testing loads from 10 tons to 130 tons are put on the bridge bearing having the allowable load of 130 tons, being increased by 10 tons, wherein X-axis represents the testing loads, and Y-axis represents loads measured by the load cell 6.
  • the graph shows that the testing loads are approximate to the theoretically calculated loads.
  • testing loads from 10 tons to 600 tons are put on the bridge bearing having the allowable load of 600 tons, being increased by 10 tons, wherein X-axis represents the testing loads, and Y-axis represents loads calculated by the load cell 6.
  • the graph also shows that the testing loads are approximate to the calculated loads.
  • a load measured by the load cell 6 is transformed into an electric signal, all X-, Y-, Z-axes displacement of the bridge deck are transformed into electric signals through the displace measuring devices 9 and 10, and a temperature around the bridge bearing is transformed into an electric signal through the temperature-measuring device 11.
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a bridge bearing measuring system according to the present invention.
  • the bridge bearing "A” is installed at each bridge pier, and the respective bridge bearings are connected each other by wire or wireless.
  • Each bridge bearing "A” is measured in load (pressure) , X-, Y-, Z- displacements and a temperature change, and measured data is stored in a data storage device 12 as an electric signal.
  • the data is transmitted to a data analysis device 14 through a data transmission device 13 comprised of a transmitting unit 13' and a receiving unit 13", being connected each other by wire or wireless.
  • the data analysis device 14 stores the data and analyzes it. Finally, the analyzed result is displayed on a monitor 15.
  • an alarm device 16 gives an alarm.
  • the data storage device 12 and the data transmission device 13 are directly installed at the bridge, and a solar battery or a storage battery is preferably employed as a power source for driving them, so that there is no necessity for supplying electric power from the outside.
  • the load and the displacement of the bridge deck “B” can be continually measured.
  • the load (pressure), X-, Y-, Z- displacements and temperature change, which are measured by each bridge bearing ⁇ A" are stored in the data storage device 12, are transmitted through the data transmission device 13 to the data analysis device 14 in a control center managing the bridge, and are analyzed at the analysis device 14.
  • the data analysis device 14 has data at that time when the bridge is constructed, and compares it with the data received by the receiving unit 13", thereby continually checking a change in the bridge. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the bridge efficiently and to establish a suitable repairing schedule on time.
  • the bridge bearing "A” may be installed on one of the piers "C".
  • Fig. 6 is the flow chart of a method of maintaining a bridge according to the present invention.
  • the pressure (load) , the X-, Y-, Z-displacements and the temperature change to the bridge bearing installed on each pier are measured (S10) .
  • the measured data is stored in the data storage device 12 (S20) .
  • the stored data is transmitted to the data analysis device 14 through the data transmission device 13 (S30) .
  • the transmitted data is analyzed by the data analysis device 14 (S40) .
  • the result of analysis is displayed on the monitor 15 (S50) .
  • the bridge bearing and the bridge are repaired (S80) .
  • the bridge bearing capable of measuring the change of the bridge structure, the change thereof is checked at any time, without additional inspection equipments after a construction thereof, to thereby estimate the durability of the structure easily through a precise analysis. Further, because the measuring system can be repaired by replacing only the bridge bearing, it is possible to maintain the measuring system conveniently and inexpensively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a bridge bearing comprising a lower plate 1 installed on a bridge pier, a rubber plate 3 inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate 1, a middle plate 4 provided on the rubber plate 3, a fluorine resin plate 5 provided on the middle plate 4, an upper plate 2 installed to a bridge deck, a stainless plate 2' installed to a lower part of the upper plate 2, further comprising a load cell 6 inserted into the lower plate 1 and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate 3, and measuring load acting on the rubber plate 3; an X- and Y-displacement measuring device 9 installed between the upper and middle plates 2 and 4 and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate 4; and a Z-displacement measuring device 10 installed at an upper part of the lower plate 1 and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate 2; and a temperature-measuring device 11 measuring a temperature change.

Description

BRIDGE BEARING, BRIDGE BEARING MEASURING SYSTEM, AND METHOD OF MAINTAINING BRIDGE USING THE SAME
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates in general to a bridge bearing and a bridge bearing measuring system thereof, measuring a state of the bridge bearing installed between a bridge pier and a-bridge deck through a load acting on the bridge deck or a displacement therefrom, and a method of maintaining a bridge using the same. BACKGROUND ART
In general, when a predetermined period of time (for example, five years in Korea) passes after construction of a bridge, the structure must undergo safety inspection. Further, the bridge must undergo additional safety inspections at regular or irregular intervals as necessary.
In a conventional inspection, to inspect safety of the bridge, a measuring instrument is separately installed at the middle of a bridge deck, and then a test car runs on the bridge to measure the load (pressure) acting on the bridge deck and various displacements. Then, the measured data is analyzed, to thereby inspect a state of the bridge.
However, in the conventional inspection, a state of the bridge is inspected only when the bridge is inspected. In other words, it is impossible to continually inspect a state of the bridge. Thus, it is difficult to enhance the reliability of the inspection. Further, because the measuring instrument should be separately installed, and automobile traffic should be prohibited, it not only takes long time to inspect a state of the bridge but also requires a lot of efforts and expenses.
Furthermore, the safety inspection of the bridge bearing can be performed with a naked eye or by measuring a fluctuating stress using a strain gauge, but important factors such as deformation of the bridge deck, subsidence of the bridge, etc. cannot be measured.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above-described shortcoming and user's need, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bridge bearing and a bridge bearing measuring system thereof, measuring a state of the bridge bearing installed between a bridge pier and a bridge deck through a load acting on the bridge deck or a displacement therefrom, and a method of maintaining a bridge using the same.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of effectively maintaining the bridge by using the bridge bearing measuring system.
This and other objects of the present invention may be accomplished by the provision of a bridge bearing comprising a lower plate installed on a bridge pier, a rubber plate inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate, a middle plate provided on the rubber plate, a fluorine resin plate provided on the middle plate, an upper plate installed to a bridge deck, a stainless plate installed to a lower part of the upper plate, further comprising a load cell inserted into the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate, and measuring load acting on the rubber plate; an X- and Y- displacement measuring device installed between the upper and middle plates and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate; and a Z-displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate; and a temperature- measuring device measuring a temperature change.
Further, this and other objects of the present invention may be accomplished by the provision of a bridge bearing comprising an upper plate installed on an upper structure of the bridge, a lower plate installed on a lower structure of the bridge, a rubber plate inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate, a piston positioned on an upper part of the rubber plate, a slider being in spherical contact with an upper part of the piston, and a stainless plate positioned between the slider and the upper plate, further comprising a load cell installed to the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate and measuring load acting on the rubber plate; an X- and Y- displacement measuring device installed between the upper plate and slider and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the slider; a Z-displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate; and a temperature-measuring device measuring a temperature change of the rubber plate.
Further, this and other objects of the present invention may be accomplished by the provision of a bridge bearing measuring system comprising a bridge bearing including a lower plate installed on a bridge pier, a rubber plate inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate, a middle plate provided on the rubber plate, a fluorine resin plate provided on the middle plate, an upper plate installed to a bridge deck, a stainless plate installed to a lower part of the upper plate, a load cell inserted into the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate, and measuring load acting on the rubber plate, an X- and Y-displacement measuring device installed between the upper and middle plates and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate, and a Z-displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate, and a temperature-measuring device measuring a temperature change; a data storage device storing data measured by the measuring devices as electric signals; a data analysis device analyzing the data which is received from the data storage device; and a data transmission device transmitting the data from the data storage device to the data analysis device by wire or wireless.
Further, this and other objects of the present invention may be accomplished by the provision of a bridge bearing measuring system comprising a bridge bearing including a upper plate installed on an upper structure of the bridge, a lower plate installed on a lower structure of the bridge, a rubber plate inserted into a groove of the lower plate, a piston positioned on an upper part of the rubber plate, a slider being in spherical contact with the upper part of the piston, and a stainless plate positioned between the slider and the upper plate, a load cell inserted into the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate, and measuring load acting on the rubber plate, an X- and Y-displacement measuring device installed between the upper and middle plates and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate, and a Z-displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate, and a temperature-measuring device measuring a temperature change; a data storage device storing data measured by the measuring devices as electric signals; a data analysis device analyzing the data which is received from the data storage device; and a data transmission device transmitting the data from the data storage device to the data analysis device by wire or wireless.
Herein, the data storage device and the data transmission device employ a solar battery or a storage battery as a power source.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the above and other objects may be also achieved by the provision of a method of maintaining a bridge using the bridge bearing measuring system according to claim 5, comprising the steps of measuring the load, the displacements and the temperature change in real time; storing the measured data in the data storage device; transmitting the stored data to the data analysis device through the data transmission device; analyzing the transmitted data by the data analysis device; displaying the result of analysis on a monitor; giving an alarm if the result of analysis is not normal; and maintaining the bridge bearing and the bridge, when the alarm is given. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The present invention will be better understood and its various objects and advantages will be more fully appreciated from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a bridge bearing according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a bridge bearing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing a result of testing a bridge bearing having the allowable load of 130 tons, using a load cell of 2 tons;
Fig. 4 is a graph showing a result of a bridge bearing with the allowable load of 600 tons, using a load cell of 2 tons; Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a bridge bearing measuring system according to the present invention; and
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method of maintaining a bridge according to the present invention.
MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same configuration has the same number.
To describe the preferred embodiments referring to the drawings, the same elements will be given the same numbers, and repetitive descriptions will be avoided as necessary.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a bridge bearing according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown therein, the bridge bearing is comprised of a lower plate 1 fixed on a bridge pier by means of an anchor bolt 8, a rubber plate 3 being of a circular shape and inserted into a groove formed in the middle of the lower plate 1, a brass ring 3' inserted onto the upper circumference of the rubber plate 3 in order to prevent the rubber plate 3 from jutting out, a middle plate 4 made of steel and provided on the rubber plate 3, a fluorine resin (as a polytetrafluorethylene) plate 5 provided on the middle plate 4, a upper plate 2 whose the upper part is fixed to a bridge deck by means of an anchor bolt 8', and a stainless plate 2 ' provided on the lower part of the upper plate 2. In the lower plate 1 are provided a load cell 6 contacted with a lower surface of the rubber plate 3 and measuring the partial load acting on the rubber plate 3, and a passage 7 for transmitting signals of the load cell 6 to the outside. At a lower center part of the upper plate 2 and an upper center part of the and middle plate 4 are installed an X- and Y-displacement measuring device so as to measure X- and Y- displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate 4. At an upper edge of the lower plate 1 is installed a Z-displacement measuring device 10 so as to measure a Z- displacement of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to displacement of the upper plate 2 according to a change of load (pressure) acting on the bridge deck. Additionally, at a predetermined position at which the lower plate 1 contacts with the rubber plate 3, is installed a temperature-measuring device 11 to measure a temperature of the bridge bearing. More specially, the temperature-measuring device 11 measures a temperature of the rubber plate 3 which is sensitive to heat, so as to correct the measured load and displacement according to the temperature change, thereby enhancing precision.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a bridge bearing according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown therein, in the bridge bearing according to this embodiment, between an upper plate 2 and a lower plate 1 are installed a piston 17 and a slider 18 for smoothly bearing deformation of a bridge deck. The piston 17 is positioned on the upper part of a rubber plate 3 inserted into a groove formed in the middle of the lower plate 1, and the slider 18 is in spherical contact with the upper part of the piston 17. A stainless plate 2 ' is adhered to a lower part of the upper plate 2 positioned on the slider 18. At a part of the lower plate 1 adjacent to the circumference of the slider 18 is installed a packing 19 for preventing dust and foreign material flowing into the slider 18. A load cell 6 is inserted into the lower plate 1 and contacts with a lower part of the rubber plate 3 so as to measure the load acting on the rubber plate 3. In the lower plate 1 is provided a passage 7 for transmitting signals of the load cell 6 to the outside.
At a lower center part of the upper' plate 2 and at an upper center part of the slider 18 is installed an X- and Y-displacement measuring device so as to measure X- and Y- displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the slider 18. At an upper edge of a lower plate 1 is installed a Z-displacement measuring device so as to measure a Z-displacement of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to displacement of the upper plate 2 according to a change of load acting on the bridge deck. Additionally, at a predetermined position at which the lower plate 1 contacts with the rubber plate 3, is installed a temperature- measuring device 11 to measure a temperature of the bridge bearing.
With this configuration, the bridge bearing of the present invention is operated as follows. If load acts on the bridge deck and then uniformly acts on the rubber plate 3, partial load acts on the load cell 6 installed under the rubber plate 3. Load acting on the bridge bearing is measured by measuring the load acting on the load cell 6.
If the diameter of the rubber plate 3 is D, the diameter of the load cell 6 contacting with the rubber plate 3 is , the area of the rubber plate 3 is A, the area of the load cell 6 is a, and the load acting on the bridge bearing is P, then the compressive stress σ acting on the rubber plate 3 is
σ = P/A = 4P/π D2,
load p' acting on the load cell 6 is
p ' = σ x a = (P/A) x a
Therefore, the load P can be derived from the load pf as follows.
P = (A/a) x p' P = [ (π D2/4) / (π d2/4) ] x p' P = (D/d) 2 x p'
Thus, according to the above equation, if only the diameters D and d of the rubber plate 3 and the load cell 6 are known, the load P acting on the bridge bearing can be calculated.
The above equation shows that the load acting on the bridge can be theoretically calculated by load cell 6, but, in practice, how the calculated load is precise will be significant. Accordingly, to demonstrate the precision of the calculated load, tests have been performed as follows.
Figs. 3 and 4 are graphs showing the results of testing the bridge bearings having the allowable loads of 130 and 600 tons by using load cells of 2 tons, respectively.
In Fig. 3, testing loads from 10 tons to 130 tons are put on the bridge bearing having the allowable load of 130 tons, being increased by 10 tons, wherein X-axis represents the testing loads, and Y-axis represents loads measured by the load cell 6. Herein, the graph shows that the testing loads are approximate to the theoretically calculated loads.
In Fig. 4, testing loads from 10 tons to 600 tons are put on the bridge bearing having the allowable load of 600 tons, being increased by 10 tons, wherein X-axis represents the testing loads, and Y-axis represents loads calculated by the load cell 6. Herein, the graph also shows that the testing loads are approximate to the calculated loads.
Through the above tests, it has been found that a practical load acting on the bridge bearing can be approximately measured by means of the load cell 6.
A load measured by the load cell 6 is transformed into an electric signal, all X-, Y-, Z-axes displacement of the bridge deck are transformed into electric signals through the displace measuring devices 9 and 10, and a temperature around the bridge bearing is transformed into an electric signal through the temperature-measuring device 11.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a bridge bearing measuring system according to the present invention. As shown therein, the bridge bearing "A" is installed at each bridge pier, and the respective bridge bearings are connected each other by wire or wireless. Each bridge bearing "A" is measured in load (pressure) , X-, Y-, Z- displacements and a temperature change, and measured data is stored in a data storage device 12 as an electric signal. Thereafter, the data is transmitted to a data analysis device 14 through a data transmission device 13 comprised of a transmitting unit 13' and a receiving unit 13", being connected each other by wire or wireless. The data analysis device 14 stores the data and analyzes it. Finally, the analyzed result is displayed on a monitor 15. At this time, if the analyzed result is beyond a predetermined reference value, an alarm device 16 gives an alarm. Herein, the data storage device 12 and the data transmission device 13 are directly installed at the bridge, and a solar battery or a storage battery is preferably employed as a power source for driving them, so that there is no necessity for supplying electric power from the outside.
Thus, in the bridge bearing "A", which is installed on the upper part of the pier "C" supporting the bridge deck "B" for bearing the load and the deformation thereof, the load and the displacement of the bridge deck "B" can be continually measured. Then, the load (pressure), X-, Y-, Z- displacements and temperature change, which are measured by each bridge bearing λA", are stored in the data storage device 12, are transmitted through the data transmission device 13 to the data analysis device 14 in a control center managing the bridge, and are analyzed at the analysis device 14. Herein, the data analysis device 14 has data at that time when the bridge is constructed, and compares it with the data received by the receiving unit 13", thereby continually checking a change in the bridge. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the bridge efficiently and to establish a suitable repairing schedule on time. Further, the bridge bearing "A" may be installed on one of the piers "C".
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of a method of maintaining a bridge according to the present invention. As shown therein, first, the pressure (load) , the X-, Y-, Z-displacements and the temperature change to the bridge bearing installed on each pier are measured (S10) . The measured data is stored in the data storage device 12 (S20) . The stored data is transmitted to the data analysis device 14 through the data transmission device 13 (S30) . The transmitted data is analyzed by the data analysis device 14 (S40) . The result of analysis is displayed on the monitor 15 (S50) . Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the result of analysis is normal (S60) . If the result of analysis is not normal, the alarm device 16 gives an alarm (S70) . In response to the alarm, the bridge bearing and the bridge are repaired (S80) .
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to inspect a state of a bridge such as subsidence of the bridge, etc. by measuring a fluctuating load acting on a bridge deck and displacement thereof by a small-sized load cell inside the bridge bearing.
Further, by means of the bridge bearing capable of measuring the change of the bridge structure, the change thereof is checked at any time, without additional inspection equipments after a construction thereof, to thereby estimate the durability of the structure easily through a precise analysis. Further, because the measuring system can be repaired by replacing only the bridge bearing, it is possible to maintain the measuring system conveniently and inexpensively.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purpose, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A bridge bearing comprising a lower plate installed on a bridge pier, a rubber plate inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate, a middle plate provided on the rubber plate, a fluorine resin plate provided on the middle plate, an upper plate installed to a bridge deck, a stainless plate installed to a lower part of the upper plate, further comprising: a load cell inserted into the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate, and measuring load acting on the rubber plate; an X- and Y-displacement measuring device installed between the upper and middle plates and measuring X- and Y- displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate; and a Z-displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate; and a temperature-measuring device measuring a temperature change.
2. A bridge bearing comprising an upper plate installed on an upper structure of the bridge, a lower plate installed on a lower structure of the bridge, a rubber plate inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate, a piston positioned on an upper part of the rubber plate, a slider being in spherical contact with an upper part of the piston, and a stainless plate positioned between the slider and the upper plate, further comprising: a load cell installed to the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate and measuring load acting on the rubber plate; an X- and Y-displacement measuring device installed between the upper plate and slider and measuring X- and Y- displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the slider; a Z-displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate; and a temperature-measuring device measuring a temperature change.
3. A bridge bearing measuring system comprising: a bridge bearing including a lower plate installed on a bridge pier, a rubber plate inserted into a groove formed on the lower plate, a middle plate provided on the rubber plate, a fluorine resin plate provided on the middle plate, an upper plate installed to -a bridge deck, a stainless plate installed to a lower part of the upper plate, a load cell inserted into the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate, and measuring load acting on the rubber plate, an X- and Y-displacement measuring device installed between the upper and middle plates and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate, and a Z- displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate, and a temperature-measuring device measuring a temperature change; a data storage device storing data measured by the measuring devices as electric signals; a data analysis device analyzing the data which is received from the data storage device; and a data transmission device transmitting the data from the data storage device to the data analysis device by wire or wireless.
4. The bridge bearing measuring system according to claim 3, wherein the data storage device and the data transmission device employs a solar battery or a storage battery as a power source.
5. A bridge bearing measuring system comprising: a bridge bearing including a upper plate installed on an upper structure of the bridge, a lower plate installed on a lower structure of the bridge, a rubber plate inserted into a groove of the lower plate, a piston positioned on an upper part of the rubber plate, a slider being in spherical contact with the upper part of the piston, and a stainless plate positioned between the slider and the upper plate, a load cell inserted into the lower plate and contacted with a lower part of the rubber plate, and measuring load acting on the rubber plate, an X- and Y-displacement measuring device installed between the upper and middle plates and measuring X- and Y-displacements of the bridge deck by using an electric potential difference generated due to a relative displacement of the middle plate, and a Z- displacement measuring device installed at an upper part of the lower plate and measuring a Z- displacement of the upper plate, and a temperature-measuring device measuring a temperature change; a data storage device storing data measured by the measuring devices as electric signals; a data analysis device analyzing the data which is received from the data storage device; and a data transmission device transmitting the data from the data storage device to the data analysis device by wire or wireless.
6. The bridge bearing measuring system according to claim 5, wherein the data storage device and the data transmission device employs a solar battery or a storage battery as a power source.
7. A method of maintaining a bridge using the bridge bearing measuring system according to claim 3, comprising the steps of: measuring the load, the displacements and the temperature change in real time; storing the measured data in the data storage device; transmitting the stored data to the data analysis device through the data transmission device; analyzing the transmitted data by the data analysis device; displaying the result of analysis on a monitor; giving an alarm if the result of analysis is not normal; and maintaining the bridge bearing and the bridge, when the alarm is given.
PCT/KR2001/002206 2000-12-22 2001-12-19 Bridge bearing, bridge bearing measuring system, and method of maintaining bridge using the same WO2002052106A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR2000/80141 2000-12-22
KR1020000080141A KR20020051340A (en) 2000-12-22 2000-12-22 The measurable bridge bearing, the system there of, and the method of maintaining and controling a bridge by means of them
KR2020010009615U KR200239375Y1 (en) 2001-04-06 2001-04-06 Measurable bridge bearing
KR2001/9615U 2001-04-06

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EP1930503A1 (en) * 2006-12-07 2008-06-11 Mageba S.A. Sliding bridge bearing
JP2017083407A (en) * 2015-10-30 2017-05-18 首都高速道路株式会社 Damage detector
CN107059606A (en) * 2017-06-14 2017-08-18 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 A kind of bridge health monitoring bearing and its monitoring method
CN109972534A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-05 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司郑州设计院 A kind of dynamometry swivel center support and its dynamometric system
CN110106782A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-08-09 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 A kind of vertical force measurement type bridge pad and force measuring method
CN112985627A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-18 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 Temperature displacement scale for determining pre-deviation of bridge bearing
CN113624384A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-11-09 江苏平山交通设施有限公司 Intelligent sensing device and method for bearing capacity of basin-type rubber support
CN113624385A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-11-09 江苏平山交通设施有限公司 Intelligent sensing device and method for bearing capacity of plate-type rubber support

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DE3616250A1 (en) * 1985-05-20 1986-11-20 H. Stöcklin AG, Stäfa Pot bearing for structures
JPH11303020A (en) * 1998-04-24 1999-11-02 Toen Kk Soundness decision method for bearing and decision device therefor

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1930503A1 (en) * 2006-12-07 2008-06-11 Mageba S.A. Sliding bridge bearing
JP2017083407A (en) * 2015-10-30 2017-05-18 首都高速道路株式会社 Damage detector
CN107059606A (en) * 2017-06-14 2017-08-18 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 A kind of bridge health monitoring bearing and its monitoring method
CN109972534A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-05 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司郑州设计院 A kind of dynamometry swivel center support and its dynamometric system
CN110106782A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-08-09 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 A kind of vertical force measurement type bridge pad and force measuring method
CN110106782B (en) * 2019-04-26 2024-03-26 中船双瑞(洛阳)特种装备股份有限公司 Vertical force-measuring bridge support and force-measuring method
CN112985627A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-18 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 Temperature displacement scale for determining pre-deviation of bridge bearing
CN113624384A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-11-09 江苏平山交通设施有限公司 Intelligent sensing device and method for bearing capacity of basin-type rubber support
CN113624385A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-11-09 江苏平山交通设施有限公司 Intelligent sensing device and method for bearing capacity of plate-type rubber support
WO2023040327A1 (en) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-23 江苏平山交通设施有限公司 Intelligent sensing apparatus and method for bearing capacity of basin-type rubber support

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