WO2002049154A1 - Tuneable fluid-filled dielectric resonator antennas - Google Patents
Tuneable fluid-filled dielectric resonator antennas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002049154A1 WO2002049154A1 PCT/GB2001/005397 GB0105397W WO0249154A1 WO 2002049154 A1 WO2002049154 A1 WO 2002049154A1 GB 0105397 W GB0105397 W GB 0105397W WO 0249154 A1 WO0249154 A1 WO 0249154A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- volume
- antenna
- vessel
- feeds
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0485—Dielectric resonator antennas
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluid-filled dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) having a single or multiple feeds, and in particular to a fluid-filled DRA in which the frequency of resonance can be adjusted by some mechanism for changing the level of fluid within the DRA.
- DRA fluid-filled dielectric resonator antenna
- a DRA consists of a volume of a dielectric material disposed on a grounded substrate, with energy being transferred to and from the dielectric material by, way of monopole probes inserted into the dielectric material or by way of monopole aperture feeds provided in the grounded substrate.
- dipole probes may be inserted into the dielectric material, in which case a grounded substrate is not required.
- the resonant characteristics of a DRA depend upon the shape and size of the volume of dielectric material and also on the shape, size and position of the feeds thereto.
- a dielectric resonator antenna comprising a vessel containing a volume of dielectric fluid and at least one feed for transferring energy to and from the dielectric fluid, characterised in that there is further provided means for changing the volume of fluid within the vessel so as to tune the antenna to at least one predetermined frequency.
- a method for tuning a dielectric resonator antenna comprising a vessel containing a volume of dielectric fluid and at least one feed for transferring energy to and from the dielectric fluid, characterised in that the dielectric resonator is tuneable to different resonant frequencies by changing the volume of fluid within the vessel.
- changing the volume of fluid is intended to encompass changing the shape of the volume, of liquid, either by adding or removing liquid from the vessel or by changing the shape of the vessel, with or without attendant addition or removal of liquid.
- changing the volume of fluid it is possible to tune the DRA to particular resonant frequencies.
- the at least one feed comprises a monopole probe or an aperture feed
- the volume of dielectric material is disposed upon or close to a grounded substrate.
- the at least one feed may comprise a dipole probe, in which case a grounded substrate is not required.
- a plurality of feeds for transferring energy into and from different regions of the dielectric fluid, the feeds being activatable either individually or in combination so as to produce at least one incrementally or continuously steerable beam which may be steered through a predetermined angle.
- electronic circuitry adapted to activate the feeds either individually or in combination so as to produce at least one incrementally or continuously steerable beam which may be steered through a predetermined angle.
- the means for changing the volume of fluid may be a pump adapted to add or remove fluid to or from the vessel.
- fluid may be added to the vessel from a reservoir and removed simply by being drained therefrom, with valves being provided to control the addition or removal of fluid.
- the vessel may be adapted to have a variable shape.
- the vessel may have movable walls so as to change its volume and/or shape, thereby changing the volume of fluid.
- a cylindrical vessel may be formed from a rectangular sheet of material by bending the sheet so as to bring two opposed edges thereof together. By allowing the opposed edges to overlap to a greater or lesser degree, the diameter of the cylindrical vessel may be made respectively smaller or larger.
- a sealing mechanism allowing movable overlap of the edges while maintaining a fluid-tight seal is provided.
- the sealing mechanism may be provided by forming a longitudinal slit near one of the edges and passing the other edge therethrough, the slit being lined with a resilient material so as to provide a fluid-tight seal.
- the vessel may be polyhedral in cross-section, having side walls each having one free end and one end abutting a surface of an adjacent side wall i a fluid-tight manner.
- the side walls may be slid relative to each other so as to change the shape and/or volume of the vessel and thus to change the volume of fluid contained therein.
- Other mechanisms for changing the shape and/or volume of the vessel will be apparent to the skilled person.
- the shape of the vessel may be adjusted manually, but in preferred embodiments servo motors or the like are provided so as to move the side wall or walls under remote control, advantageously in response to control signals from a computer, microprocessor, microcontroller or other electronic control device.
- the vessel need not be circular in cross-section, but may take any appropriate shape.
- the dielectric fluid may be a liquid, a gas or a gel.
- Suitable liquid fluids include water, alcohols including butanol, polyethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dimethyldigol, acetone, tetrahydrafuran and 1,4 dioxane. The last two examples in this list have been found to be particularly effective, since they have the lowest loss tangents.
- a support matrix may be provided within the vessel, the support matrix being adapted to hold and constrain a liquid.
- the support matrix may be made out of a solid foam material, for example of the sort used to carry fuel within the petrol tanks of racing cars.
- the solid foam material desirably has a low dielectric constant and loss tangent. Suitable foam materials include polyurethane "open pore" foams with precisely controlled pore sizes and without cell membranes.
- the solid foam material desirably has a low dielectric constant and loss tangent.
- Polyurethanes generally have relative permittivities in the range 3-6 and can be relatively low-loss.
- Various proprietary materials such as SafeCrest® are thought to be suitable and a military specification aviation foam, B-83054, might also be suitable.
- the DRA may be constructed with a central core of a solid dielectric material having a relatively high dielectric constant, and providing a vessel in the form of a jacket surrounding the central core and having a volume into which a fluid dielectric material is supplied.
- the central splid core having a relatively high dielectric constant allows the DRA as a whole to be made relatively small.
- the DRA may be tuned to a desired frequency.
- the feed or feeds may be inserted into the solid core or may be inserted into the fluid dielectric material in the jacket. The latter is preferred for reasons of improved directionality of any resultant beams.
- the feeds for transferring energy into and from the dielectric fluid are advantageously adjustable together with the volume of fluid.
- the probes are advantageously adapted to have a variable effective length. This may be achieved through the use of mechanical adaptations such as telescopic mechanisms that allow the probe length to be varied preferably automatically by way of, for example, a servo motor so as to be well-matched to any particular volume of fluid.
- Another mechanical solution may be provided by providing a mechanism for replacing a probe of one length with a probe of another when the volume of fluid changes in a predetermined manner.
- This may be achieved by providing a plurality of probes of different lengths, for example in a region below or above the dielectric fluid, and raising or lowering the probes one at a time into the dielectric fluid as the volume of fluid changes.
- electrical mechanisms could be employed, where a plurality of probes of different lengths is immersed in the volume of fluid and wherein an electrical switching mechanism is provided so as to bring the different probes selectively on-line, the remaining probes then being open circuited.
- the feeds are aperture feeds
- the effective length of the aperture may be varied mechanically or electrically so as to be well-matched to the volume of fluid.
- selection of the appropriate probe length is preferably made automatically in accordance with a predetermined operating protocol by way of a control mechanism that also controls the volume of fluid.
- HF and VHF radar, communication and RDF systems may be constructed with full beamsteering and monopulse processing capabilities in about 11 percent of the space occupied by a simple conventional antenna without these capabilities.
- FIGURE 1 shows an outline plan view of a DRA according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 2 shows a side elevation of the DRA of Figure 1
- FIGURE 3 is a graph showing the return loss of the DRA ; of Figures 1 and 2 at a resonant frequency of 55.5MHz;
- FIGURE 4 is a graph showing the variation of return loss with water depth for the
- FIGURE 5 is a graph showing the variation of return loss with resonant frequency for the DRA of Figures 1 and 2;
- FIGURE 6 is a graph showing predicted and measured resonant frequencies against water depth for the DRA of Figures 1 and 2.
- a DRA 1 comprising a cylindrical
- PNC outer wall 2 5mm in thickness and 550mm in diameter, mounted on a grounded octagonal aluminium plate 3 of dimension 800mm between opposing sides.
- DRA 1 is fitted with a single probe 4, 55mm from the outer wall 2, and filled with water 5.
- an outlet 6 is provided at a lower portion of the wall 2, the outlet 6 being connected by way of a pump 7 to a raised reservoir 8.
- the reservoir 8 contains a supply of water 5, and has an outlet 9 which passes to an inlet 10 at an upper portion of the wall 2 by way of a valve 11.
- Figure 4 shows the variation in return loss plotted against water 5 depth.
- the discontinuity 12 at the centre of the plot is where the probe 4 length was changed, with the right-hand section of the plot being for the 175mm probe 4 and the left-hand section for the 134 mm probe 4.
- Figure 5 shows the same return loss values plotted against resonant frequency.
- the discontinuity 13 at the centre of the plot is where the probe 4 length was changed, with the right-hand section of the plot being for the 175mm probe 4 and the left-hand section for the 134 mm probe 4.
- the double-trough nature of the two parts of the plot of Figure 5 is caused by an interesting result: when the aspect ratio (depth radius) of the DRA 1 is high, say around 0.8, the best return loss is obtained when the top of the probe 4 lies well below the water 5 level. This is the deep trough 14 on the left of Figure 5 at 55MHz.
- the second trough 15 at 64MHz is caused by the probe 4 breaking the surface as the water 5 level falls but, as the aspect ratio is high (say 0.6) at this stage, this trough 15 does not represent such a good match as the trough 14 at 55MHz.
- the DRA 1 develops a low aspect ratio and the next trough 16 at 76MHz, now for the shortened probe 4 well below the surface of the water 5, is not a particularly good match at -24dB return loss.
- the probe 4 does break the surface, a better match of -30dB is obtained at 87MHz.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002220901A AU2002220901A1 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2001-12-07 | Tuneable fluid-filled dielectric resonator antennas |
EP01270927A EP1348245A1 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2001-12-07 | Tuneable fluid-filled dielectric resonator antennas |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0030602A GB2370159B (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2000-12-15 | Tunable fluid-filled dielectric resonator antennas |
GB0030602.7 | 2000-12-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002049154A1 true WO2002049154A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
Family
ID=9905145
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2001/005397 WO2002049154A1 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2001-12-07 | Tuneable fluid-filled dielectric resonator antennas |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1348245A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002220901A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2370159B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002049154A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7071879B2 (en) | 2004-06-01 | 2006-07-04 | Ems Technologies Canada, Ltd. | Dielectric-resonator array antenna system |
CN111786116A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-16 | 南通大学 | Micro-fluid frequency reconfigurable quasi-yagi antenna based on dielectric resonator |
WO2022143881A1 (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100691626B1 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-03-12 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Multiple resonance liquid antenna |
KR100771819B1 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2007-10-30 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Frequency tunable liquid antenna |
KR100735454B1 (en) * | 2006-03-16 | 2007-07-04 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Liquid coupled antenna |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2427106A (en) * | 1943-10-28 | 1947-09-09 | Rca Corp | Attenuator for centimeter waves |
US3701058A (en) * | 1971-06-03 | 1972-10-24 | Bob L Smith | Fluidic phase shifter |
-
2000
- 2000-12-15 GB GB0030602A patent/GB2370159B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-12-07 WO PCT/GB2001/005397 patent/WO2002049154A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-12-07 AU AU2002220901A patent/AU2002220901A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-12-07 EP EP01270927A patent/EP1348245A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2427106A (en) * | 1943-10-28 | 1947-09-09 | Rca Corp | Attenuator for centimeter waves |
US3701058A (en) * | 1971-06-03 | 1972-10-24 | Bob L Smith | Fluidic phase shifter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
IEE PROCEEDINGS, RADAR SONAR NAVIGATION, vol. 146, no. 3, June 1999 (1999-06-01), pages 121 - 125, XP002192239 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7071879B2 (en) | 2004-06-01 | 2006-07-04 | Ems Technologies Canada, Ltd. | Dielectric-resonator array antenna system |
CN111786116A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-16 | 南通大学 | Micro-fluid frequency reconfigurable quasi-yagi antenna based on dielectric resonator |
CN111786116B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2022-10-28 | 南通大学 | Micro-fluid frequency reconfigurable quasi-yagi antenna based on dielectric resonator |
WO2022143881A1 (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1348245A1 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
GB0030602D0 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
GB2370159B (en) | 2004-07-21 |
GB2370159A (en) | 2002-06-19 |
AU2002220901A1 (en) | 2002-06-24 |
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