US3701058A - Fluidic phase shifter - Google Patents
Fluidic phase shifter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3701058A US3701058A US149418A US3701058DA US3701058A US 3701058 A US3701058 A US 3701058A US 149418 A US149418 A US 149418A US 3701058D A US3701058D A US 3701058DA US 3701058 A US3701058 A US 3701058A
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- fluidic
- phase shifter
- container
- waveguide
- dielectric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
- H01P1/182—Waveguide phase-shifters
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Apparatus including an expandable dielectric container and dielectric fluid therein disposed in a waveguide for propagating electromagnetic waves to change the phase thereof.
- the fluid may be introduced slowly or rapidly into the waveguide or may be continuously circulated through the waveguide to provide cooling.
- An object of my invention is to provide a waveguide for supplying such signals with a device for accurately shifting the phase of electronic waves that constitute the signals with a minimum voltage standing wave ratio (vswr).
- An expandable dielectric-walled container is positioned within a section of a waveguide for propagating electromagnetic waves and disposed to receive a dielectric fluid.
- the quantity of fluid introduced into the container is controlled to determine the phase shift of the electromagnetic waves.
- the container would be either completely full or completely empty, according to the phase state desired.
- the container would be filled or emptied at a predetermined rate.
- the analog or digital modes of operation may be controlled by any means such as a fluidic computer.
- the present invention is very stable, accurate, rugged, resistant to nuclear radiation and electromagnetic pulses, substantially as wide band as the waveguide itself, and inherently compatible with fluidic computers.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partly in cross-section, of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are similar views of other embodiments of the invention.
- An expandable container 11 of dielectric material provided with a longitudinal axis 17 disposed in the direction of propagation 19 of signals (electromagnetic waves) propagated by waveguide and edges beveled as at 13 and oppositely facing in the direction of propagation.
- the electromagnetic waves are slowed by the dielectric material in the waveguide to shift the phase of the waves and a dielectric fluid is introduced into container 11 through tube 21 to further slow the waves and shift the phase thereof.
- Tube 21 is disposed for connection to a fluidic computer to monitor the quantity of dielectric fluid introduced into container 11 for accurate control of the phase of the propagated signals.
- the taper of extremity 13 is selected to provide minimum reflections in waveguide 15 for minimum voltage standing wave ratio (vswr).
- FIG. 2 shows a possible configuration of a fluidic phase shifter which may be operated in either analog or digital modes.
- Extending wall to wall in waveguide section 22 is elliptic cylindrical container 24 within which flexible dielectric-walled bladder 26 is positioned to provide a uniformly expendable container.
- the plane of the major axis of container 24 is disposed parallel to the electrical field 27 of the electromagnetic waves propagated in waveguide 22.
- the bladder is filled or emptied vtith an appropriate dielectric fluid through tube 28.
- the flow of the dielectric in tube 28 may be controlled by a fluidic computer.
- This phase shifter in the analog mode
- This phase shifter is capable of very accurate calibration by carefully metering the quantity of dielectric fluid injected.
- the bladder would be either completely full or empty according to the phase state desired. These end states would be stable and accurate.
- the device in addition to the above advantages, would be rugged, resistant to nuclear radiation and electromagnetic pulses, substantially as wide band as the waveguide itself, and inherently compatible with fluidic computers.
- FIG. 3 discloses another possible embodiment of the present invention capable of operation as a digital phase shifter.
- container 34 Inside waveguide section 32 is container 34 into which can be switched a flow of dielectric fluid.
- the quantity of fluid is controlled by a pair of fluidic switches 36 which are in turn controlled by a fluidic computer 37 through switch drive lines 38.
- Dielectric fluid enters the phase shifter assembly through tube 40 and leaves through tube 42.
- the fluid flows as shown by arrows A; in the other state it flows as shown by arrows B.
- this phase shifter is rugged, radiation resistant, electromagnetic pulse resistant, and inherently wide band.
- the FIG. 3 phase shifter is capable of accurate and stable bit size and is faster acting than the FIG. 2 design.
- the phase shifter is compatible with fluidic computers, and has built-in cooling capability since the dielectric fluid may be externally cooled to be capable of high power operation.
- a phase shifter for a waveguide for propagation of electric waves comprising:
- a uniformly expandable container of dielectric material for enclosing a dielectric fluid provided with longitudinally axised tapered edges oppositely extending in the direction of the propagation;
Landscapes
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus including an expandable dielectric container and dielectric fluid therein disposed in a waveguide for propagating electromagnetic waves to change the phase thereof. The fluid may be introduced slowly or rapidly into the waveguide or may be continuously circulated through the waveguide to provide cooling.
Description
United States Patent Smith 1 Oct. 24, 1972 [54] FLUIDIC PHASE SHIFTER [72] inventor: Bob L. Smith, 442 Judith Lane, Apt.
58, Huntsville, Ala.
22 Filed: June 3,1971
21 Appl. No.: 149,418
Related U.S. Application Data [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 23,120, March 27, 1970, abandoned.
[52] U.S. Cl. ..333/31 A, 333/98 R, 333/32 [51] Int.'Cl. ..H03h 7/36 [58] Field of Search ..333/29, 31, 31 A, 95, 98, 24,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,577,197 5/1971 Watts, Jr. ..333/98 P X 2,786,185 3/1957 Sege et al. ..333/98 P TO FLUID SOURCE 2,922,970 1/1960 Reed ..333/98 P 3,384,814 5/1960 Stinehelfer ..333/83 R X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 761,869 11/1956 Great Britain ..333/8l B Primary Examiner-H. K. Saalbach Assistant Examiner-Marvin Nussbaum Attorney-Charles K. Wright, William G. Gapcynski, Lawrence A. Neureither, Leonard Flank, Jack W. Voigt and William P. Murphy [5 7] ABSTRACT Apparatus including an expandable dielectric container and dielectric fluid therein disposed in a waveguide for propagating electromagnetic waves to change the phase thereof. The fluid may be introduced slowly or rapidly into the waveguide or may be continuously circulated through the waveguide to provide cooling.
4 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures PATENTEDU 3. 701.058
SHEETIUF 2 Bob L. Smith,
PATENTEU 2 4 I97? 3 7 01. 058 SHEET 2 OF 2 Bob L.Smith,
' INVENTO V FLUIDIC PHASE SHIFTER CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser. No. 23,120 filed Mar. 27, 1970, now abandoned.
DEDICATORY CLAUSE The invention described herein may be manufactured, used, or licensed by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION the signals supplied thereto.
An object of my invention is to provide a waveguide for supplying such signals with a device for accurately shifting the phase of electronic waves that constitute the signals with a minimum voltage standing wave ratio (vswr).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An expandable dielectric-walled container is positioned within a section of a waveguide for propagating electromagnetic waves and disposed to receive a dielectric fluid. The quantity of fluid introduced into the container is controlled to determine the phase shift of the electromagnetic waves. For digital operation, the container would be either completely full or completely empty, according to the phase state desired. For analog operation the container would be filled or emptied at a predetermined rate. The analog or digital modes of operation may be controlled by any means such as a fluidic computer. The present invention is very stable, accurate, rugged, resistant to nuclear radiation and electromagnetic pulses, substantially as wide band as the waveguide itself, and inherently compatible with fluidic computers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partly in cross-section, of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
FIGS. 2 and 3 are similar views of other embodiments of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An expandable container 11 of dielectric material provided with a longitudinal axis 17 disposed in the direction of propagation 19 of signals (electromagnetic waves) propagated by waveguide and edges beveled as at 13 and oppositely facing in the direction of propagation. The electromagnetic waves are slowed by the dielectric material in the waveguide to shift the phase of the waves and a dielectric fluid is introduced into container 11 through tube 21 to further slow the waves and shift the phase thereof. Tube 21 is disposed for connection to a fluidic computer to monitor the quantity of dielectric fluid introduced into container 11 for accurate control of the phase of the propagated signals. The taper of extremity 13 is selected to provide minimum reflections in waveguide 15 for minimum voltage standing wave ratio (vswr).
FIG. 2 shows a possible configuration of a fluidic phase shifter which may be operated in either analog or digital modes. Extending wall to wall in waveguide section 22 is elliptic cylindrical container 24 within which flexible dielectric-walled bladder 26 is positioned to provide a uniformly expendable container. The plane of the major axis of container 24 is disposed parallel to the electrical field 27 of the electromagnetic waves propagated in waveguide 22. To change the phase of the electromagnetic waves, the bladder is filled or emptied vtith an appropriate dielectric fluid through tube 28. The flow of the dielectric in tube 28 may be controlled by a fluidic computer. This phase shifter (in the analog mode) is capable of very accurate calibration by carefully metering the quantity of dielectric fluid injected. For digital operation the bladder would be either completely full or empty according to the phase state desired. These end states would be stable and accurate. The device, in addition to the above advantages, would be rugged, resistant to nuclear radiation and electromagnetic pulses, substantially as wide band as the waveguide itself, and inherently compatible with fluidic computers.
FIG. 3 discloses another possible embodiment of the present invention capable of operation as a digital phase shifter. Inside waveguide section 32 is container 34 into which can be switched a flow of dielectric fluid. The quantity of fluid is controlled by a pair of fluidic switches 36 which are in turn controlled by a fluidic computer 37 through switch drive lines 38. Dielectric fluid enters the phase shifter assembly through tube 40 and leaves through tube 42. For one phase state the fluid flows as shown by arrows A; in the other state it flows as shown by arrows B. Note that it will be necessary to design the device so that container 34 actually empties when the latter phase state is desired. Like the analog digital design of FIG. 2, this phase shifter is rugged, radiation resistant, electromagnetic pulse resistant, and inherently wide band. The FIG. 3 phase shifter is capable of accurate and stable bit size and is faster acting than the FIG. 2 design. In addition, the phase shifter is compatible with fluidic computers, and has built-in cooling capability since the dielectric fluid may be externally cooled to be capable of high power operation.
Iclaim:
1. A phase shifter for a waveguide for propagation of electric waves comprising:
a uniformly expandable container of dielectric material for enclosing a dielectric fluid provided with longitudinally axised tapered edges oppositely extending in the direction of the propagation; and,
means communicating with said container to monitor the volume of the fluid therein for control of the phase of the waves.
2. A fluidic phase shifter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said container has a flexible dielectric bladder therein for receiving said dielectric fluid.
3. A fluidic phase shifter as set forth in claim 2 wherein said monitoring means comprises a fluidic computer.
4. A fluidic phase shifter as set forth in claim 3 wherein said monitoring means includes a pair of 5 fluidic valves and a fluidic computer for continuous flow "of the dielectric fluid through said container to provide cooling for said waveguide.
Claims (4)
1. A phase shifter for a waveguide for propagation of electric waves comprising: a uniformly expandable container of dielectric material for enclosing a dielectric fluid provided with longitudinally axised tapered edges oppositely extending in the direction of the propagation; and, means communicating with said container to monitor the volume of the fluid therein for control of the phase of the waves.
2. A fluidic phase shifter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said container has a flexible dielectric bladder therein for receiving said dielectric fluid.
3. A fluidic phase shifter as set forth in claim 2 wherein said monitoring means comprises a fluidic computer.
4. A fluidic phase shifter as set forth in claim 3 wherein said monitoring means includes a pair of fluidic valves and a fluidic computer for continuous flow of the dielectric fluid through said container to provide cooling for said waveguide.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14941871A | 1971-06-03 | 1971-06-03 |
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US3701058A true US3701058A (en) | 1972-10-24 |
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US149418A Expired - Lifetime US3701058A (en) | 1971-06-03 | 1971-06-03 | Fluidic phase shifter |
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Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4688007A (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1987-08-18 | The Johns Hopkins University | Air inlet for internal cooling of overmoded waveguide |
US5184233A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1993-02-02 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Liquid crystal-based composite material including electrically conducting elongated particles and having enhanced microwave birefringence |
US5194972A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1993-03-16 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Microwave phase modulation with liquid crystals |
US5459442A (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1995-10-17 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | High power RF phase shifter |
WO2002049154A1 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2002-06-20 | Antenova Limited | Tuneable fluid-filled dielectric resonator antennas |
US20040124948A1 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-01 | Brown Stephen B. | Continuously variable filter |
US20040207494A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-21 | Brown Stephen B. | Continuously tunable waveguide filter |
US20040207495A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-21 | Rawnick James J. | Tunable resonant cavity using conductive fluids |
US20040207481A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-21 | Brown Stephen B. | Continuously tunable waveguide attenuator |
US20040212449A1 (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2004-10-28 | Rawnick James J. | Transverse mode control in a waveguide |
US20050007209A1 (en) * | 2003-07-07 | 2005-01-13 | Brown Stephen B. | Transverse mode control in a transmission line |
US20050024167A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-03 | Rawnick James J. | Variable waveguide |
US20050052260A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-10 | Brown Stephen B. | Controlling a phase delay line by adding and removing a fluidic dielectric |
US20050073376A1 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-07 | Rawnick James J. | RF phase delay lines with variable displacement fluidic dielectric |
US6930568B2 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-08-16 | Harris Corporation | RF delay lines with variable composition fluidic dielectric |
US6952146B2 (en) | 2003-07-22 | 2005-10-04 | Harris Corporation | Variable fluidic waveguide attenuator |
US7046104B2 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2006-05-16 | Harris Corporation | Controlling a time delay line by adding and removing a fluidic dielectric |
EP3240102A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-01 | Tesat Spacecom GmbH & Co. KG | Resonator and filter with resonator |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB761869A (en) * | 1952-09-04 | 1956-11-21 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Wideband microwave attenuator |
US2786185A (en) * | 1952-06-11 | 1957-03-19 | Sperry Rand Corp | Microwave output window |
US2922970A (en) * | 1955-02-18 | 1960-01-26 | Reed John | Microwave matching plug |
US3384814A (en) * | 1963-09-25 | 1968-05-21 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Ridge waveguide resonant cavity for measuring dielectric constants |
US3577197A (en) * | 1969-09-04 | 1971-05-04 | Chester B Watts Jr | Slotted cable localizer antenna |
-
1971
- 1971-06-03 US US149418A patent/US3701058A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2786185A (en) * | 1952-06-11 | 1957-03-19 | Sperry Rand Corp | Microwave output window |
GB761869A (en) * | 1952-09-04 | 1956-11-21 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Wideband microwave attenuator |
US2922970A (en) * | 1955-02-18 | 1960-01-26 | Reed John | Microwave matching plug |
US3384814A (en) * | 1963-09-25 | 1968-05-21 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Ridge waveguide resonant cavity for measuring dielectric constants |
US3577197A (en) * | 1969-09-04 | 1971-05-04 | Chester B Watts Jr | Slotted cable localizer antenna |
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4688007A (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1987-08-18 | The Johns Hopkins University | Air inlet for internal cooling of overmoded waveguide |
US5184233A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1993-02-02 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Liquid crystal-based composite material including electrically conducting elongated particles and having enhanced microwave birefringence |
US5194972A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1993-03-16 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Microwave phase modulation with liquid crystals |
US5459442A (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1995-10-17 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | High power RF phase shifter |
WO2002049154A1 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2002-06-20 | Antenova Limited | Tuneable fluid-filled dielectric resonator antennas |
US6930568B2 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-08-16 | Harris Corporation | RF delay lines with variable composition fluidic dielectric |
US6888422B2 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2005-05-03 | Harris Corporation | Continuously variable filter |
US20040124948A1 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-01 | Brown Stephen B. | Continuously variable filter |
US7046104B2 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2006-05-16 | Harris Corporation | Controlling a time delay line by adding and removing a fluidic dielectric |
US20040207481A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-21 | Brown Stephen B. | Continuously tunable waveguide attenuator |
US6985047B2 (en) | 2003-04-16 | 2006-01-10 | Harris Corporation | Continuously tunable waveguide attenuator |
US6975187B2 (en) | 2003-04-16 | 2005-12-13 | Harris Corporation | Continuously tunable waveguide filter |
US20040207495A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-21 | Rawnick James J. | Tunable resonant cavity using conductive fluids |
US20040207494A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-21 | Brown Stephen B. | Continuously tunable waveguide filter |
US6960965B2 (en) | 2003-04-23 | 2005-11-01 | Harris Corporation | Transverse mode control in a waveguide |
US20040212449A1 (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2004-10-28 | Rawnick James J. | Transverse mode control in a waveguide |
US6952145B2 (en) | 2003-07-07 | 2005-10-04 | Harris Corporation | Transverse mode control in a transmission line |
US20050007209A1 (en) * | 2003-07-07 | 2005-01-13 | Brown Stephen B. | Transverse mode control in a transmission line |
US6952146B2 (en) | 2003-07-22 | 2005-10-04 | Harris Corporation | Variable fluidic waveguide attenuator |
US20050024167A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-03 | Rawnick James J. | Variable waveguide |
US6975188B2 (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2005-12-13 | Harris Corporation | Variable waveguide |
US20050052260A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-10 | Brown Stephen B. | Controlling a phase delay line by adding and removing a fluidic dielectric |
US6998937B2 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2006-02-14 | Harris Corporation | Controlling a phase delay line by adding and removing a fluidic dielectric |
US20050073376A1 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-07 | Rawnick James J. | RF phase delay lines with variable displacement fluidic dielectric |
US7012482B2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2006-03-14 | Harris Corporation | RF phase delay lines with variable displacement fluidic dielectric |
EP3240102A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-01 | Tesat Spacecom GmbH & Co. KG | Resonator and filter with resonator |
US10468734B2 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2019-11-05 | Tesat-Spacecom Gmbh & Co. Kg | Resonator and filter with resonator |
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