WO2002048406A1 - Kühlsystem für einen metallurgischen schmelzofen - Google Patents
Kühlsystem für einen metallurgischen schmelzofen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002048406A1 WO2002048406A1 PCT/EP2001/014540 EP0114540W WO0248406A1 WO 2002048406 A1 WO2002048406 A1 WO 2002048406A1 EP 0114540 W EP0114540 W EP 0114540W WO 0248406 A1 WO0248406 A1 WO 0248406A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- cooling water
- cooling system
- melting furnace
- furnace
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/10—Cooling; Devices therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/24—Cooling arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cooling system for a metallurgical melting furnace.
- cooling systems for metallurgical melting furnaces, both crucible and shaft-shaped, are now designed as closed cooling water systems. They include cooling elements that are integrated in the furnace walls and are provided with cooling channels. A pump pumps the cooling water through the cooling channels of the cooling elements. A static pressure maintaining device, e.g. A container with a gas cushion ensures that there is a static pressure of a few bar at every point of the cooling channels. Such cooling systems are referred to below as "pressure circuits".
- the overpressure in the cooling channels increases the evaporation temperature of the cooling water, which has a positive effect on the safety of the cooling system, since steam formation greatly reduces the cooling capacity and consequently results in local overheating of a cooling element
- it has long been known that the use of such pressure circuits in metallurgical furnaces is not without risk, even with a small leak relatively large amounts of cooling water are introduced into the melting furnace, causing damage to the refractory lining and possibly can even lead to violent explosions if, for example, cooling water accumulates in the melting furnace and is subsequently covered by liquid metal.
- sprinkler cooling systems are still used today in metallurgical furnaces, as have been known for more than a hundred years. However, the latter can never provide the same cooling capacity as cooling elements integrated in the furnace wall and are also extremely problematic in terms of their maintenance.
- Splash water cooling systems have been developed as a "modern" alternative for pressure circuits.
- the latter comprise cooling boxes which are integrated in the furnace walls and have spray nozzles in an inner chamber which spray the cooling water onto the inner wall of the chamber facing the furnace interior.
- Most of the excess pressure is in the Spray nozzles removed so that there is only a slight overpressure in the cooling boxes.
- spray water cooling systems are quite complex to manufacture and also take up a lot of space in the furnace wall. It should also be noted that some parts of metallurgical
- melting furnaces are still not cooled at all. This is the case, for example, for the bottom of an arc furnace as used in electrical steelworks.
- This cooling system includes a feed pump, a reservoir for cooling water, a pressure reducing valve, cooling elements connected in parallel, a suction pump and a gas separator.
- the feed pump pumps the cooling water from the storage container via the pressure reducing valve into the cooling elements, the pressure behind the pressure reducing valve should be less than the atmospheric pressure.
- the suction pump should then suck the cooling water through the cooling elements and then press it back into the storage container via the gas separator.
- a similar vacuum cooling system is described in JP 09 287733.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a reliable cooling system for a metallurgical melting furnace, which has greater security than known pressure circuits, guarantees greater cooling performance than conventional sprinkler cooling, enables the use of more compact and simpler cooling elements than known spray water cooling systems and is safer than those hitherto proposed vacuum cooling systems.
- This object is achieved by a cooling system according to claim 1.
- a cooling system according to the invention for a metallurgical melting furnace comprises at least one cooling element which is integrated in a furnace wall of the metallurgical melting furnace.
- the at least one cooling element has at least one internal cooling channel through which a predetermined cooling water volume flow flows, which ensures the required cooling capacity.
- the cooling system additionally comprises at least one storage tank for cooling water; and at least one cooling water pump which sucks the cooling water heated in the cooling element and pumps it back into the storage tank Pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure at the installation site of the metallurgical melting furnace, in other words, there is no excess pressure of the cooling water in relation to the ambient pressure in the at least one cooling element tet that in the event of a small leak in the cooling element, no cooling water can enter the melting furnace. Rather, it becomes ambient air or furnace gas sucked into the internal cooling channel of the cooling element due to the leak. Due to the suction of furnace gas, direct leakage monitoring can be carried out using gas detectors. This significantly improves the general safety for people and machines.
- the known disadvantages of a sprinkler cooling system are eliminated by the forced routing of the cooling water through internal cooling channels of the cooling elements.
- the cooling elements required for the cooling system according to the invention are also far more compact and cheaper to produce than splash water coolers.
- the cooling system according to the invention is suitable for metallurgical melting furnaces of both crucible and shaft type. It is possible to configure only part of the furnace cooling as a vacuum system.
- the furnace cooling in a particularly endangered area of a metallurgical melting furnace can be designed as a vacuum system according to the invention, but the rest of the furnace can be designed as a conventional pressure system.
- the cooling system according to the invention also has a flow tank for cooling water, which is arranged above the at least one cooling element and prevails in the atmospheric pressure.
- This flow tank supplies the at least one cooling element with cooling water and, due to its geodetic elevation, specifies the idle pressure or pre-pressure in the cooling circuit. It also forms an expansion tank for the cooling water.
- the static definition of the admission pressure largely prevents dangerous pressure fluctuations in the cooling system.
- the safety of the cooling system according to the invention is significantly improved compared to known vacuum cooling systems.
- a cooling system according to the invention it is possible, for example, to provide safe floor cooling for a metallurgical arc furnace.
- a cooling system according to the invention can also advantageously be used as a cover cooling system for such a metallurgical arc furnace.
- the cooling system according to the invention is advantageous, inter alia, for cooling the floor.
- the cooling system is normally designed as a closed circuit. This means that it has a recooling device and at least one cooling water pump. The latter sucks off the cooling water heated in the cooling element and pumps it back into the flow tank via the at least one recooling device.
- the cooling system it is also possible to operate the cooling system as an open cooling circuit, that is to supply the flow tank with fresh water and to discharge the warm return.
- a gas detection device makes it possible to detect furnace gases that separate from the cooling water in the degassing container and that indicate a leak in the cooling system in the furnace area.
- this degassing container comprises a gas space above the cooling water and a vacuum pump for generating an atmospheric vacuum in this gas space.
- Solid cooling plates made of copper or cast iron can advantageously be used as cooling elements in a cooling system according to the invention.
- pipe panels and coils are not excluded in some areas of a melting furnace and are also particularly inexpensive.
- FIG. 1 a circuit diagram of a cooling system according to the invention
- FIG. 2 a schematic representation of an embodiment variant of a degassing container for the cooling system according to FIG. 1. Description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures
- FIG. 1 shows a greatly simplified circuit diagram of a cooling system for a metallurgical melting furnace.
- the reference number 10 denotes a cooling circuit of the melting furnace.
- These valves 20j and 22 ⁇ make it possible to isolate the corresponding cooling element 16 ⁇ from the cooling circuit 10.
- (i 1, 2, 3, 4) all connected in parallel. However, it is not excluded that the cooling circuit 10 can also comprise cooling elements connected in series.
- the reference numeral 24 designates a flow tank for cooling water which is arranged above the cooling water flow collector 12. This flow tank 24 is connected to the atmosphere via a ventilation line 25, so that atmospheric pressure prevails in the flow tank 24 above the cooling water.
- the cooling water can flow from the flow tank 24 into the lower-lying cooling water flow collector 12 via a flow line 26.
- An emptying line 27 enables the flow tank 24 to drain into a drain channel 28 if necessary.
- An overflow device 29 also opens into this drain line 27.
- Reference numeral 30 in FIG. 1 denotes a closed degassing container into which the cooling water flows from the return collector 14.
- a vacuum pump 32 is connected to this degassing container 30. The latter creates an atmospheric negative pressure in a gas space 33 above the cooling water.
- the degassing container 30 is divided by a partition 34 into a decanting basin 36 and a suction basin 38.
- the cooling water flows into the decanting basin 36 via a return line 40, a large part of the solid particles transported by the cooling water settling out in the decanting basin 36. Since the cooling water level in the degassing container 30 is slightly higher than the partition wall 34, the cooling water flows into the suction basin 38 and can flow into a suction line 42 here.
- the vacuum pump 32 can e.g. a jet pump operated with compressed air.
- Reference numeral 44 denotes a compressed air source (i.e. an air compressor or a compressed air distribution network) to which the jet pump 32 is connected for generating a jet of suction air.
- This suction air jet sucks a negative pressure in the degassing container 30.
- the outlet of the jet pump 42 can be connected by means of an exhaust air line 46 to a water separator 48, in which cooling water entrained in the degassing container 30 is separated from the exhaust air.
- This water separator 48 can e.g. Be arranged above the flow tank 24 so that the separated cooling water can be returned to the flow tank 24 by gravity through a line 50.
- the suction line 42 is connected to a lower-lying pressure-increasing station 52, which for example comprises two pumps 54 and 56 connected in parallel, one of the pumps 54, 56 being in operation and the other in
- the pumps 54, 56 are centrifugal pumps, the existing NPSH value of the system must of course be greater than the required NPSH value of the Centrifugal pumps. Therefore, the centrifugal pumps may have to be arranged a certain height below the degassing container 30. In order to avoid a deep pump shaft, pumps that are less prone to cavitation can also be used.
- the pumps 54, 56 are therefore connected on the suction side to the degassing container 30 via the suction line 42. On the pressure side, they are connected to the flow tank 24 via a pressure line 58. A recooler 60 for the cooling water is installed in this pressure line 58.
- the pumps 54, 56 consequently pump the cooling water out of the degassing tank 30 through the recooler 60 back into the flow tank 24.
- the reference numeral 62 designates a fresh water line, by means of which water losses can be compensated or a water exchange can be carried out.
- the cooling system is designed hydraulically in such a way that a static pressure which is lower than the atmospheric pressure at the installation site of the metallurgical melting furnace is present in the majority of the cooling channels 18j with a predetermined cooling water flow.
- the feed lines to the individual cooling elements 16 are designed such that a slight negative pressure is present in the inlet of the cooling channels 18j.
- the cooling water crosses the cooling channels 18 * from top to bottom.
- the static pressure can be influenced by local and linear pressure losses (loss energy), the channel cross section (speed energy) and the gradient (position energy). It should be noted here that pressure losses and a reduction in the duct cross-section increase the negative pressure (ie the static absolute pressure decreases), but a gradient causes the negative pressure to decrease (ie the static absolute pressure increases). To slowly increase the vacuum from the flow connection to the return to close at a constant channel cross-section, for example, the energy loss must increase slightly faster than the position energy decreases.
- the static absolute pressure should not be lower than kP D at any point in the cooling circuit 10, where k is a safety factor greater than i, and PD is the evaporation pressure of the cooling water at the maximum cooling water temperature. For example, one can assume that at a maximum return temperature of the cooling water of 40 ° C, the static absolute pressure should not be lower than 0.4 bar at any point in the cooling circuit.
- the reference number 70 in FIG. 1 denotes a gas detector which responds to furnace gases which collect in the gas circuit 33 of the degassing container 30 in the event of a leak in the cooling circuit 10. About this gas detector 70 of the O receives' fenbetreiber relatively quickly a reliable indication is that a leak formed in the cooling circuit 10 has.
- the vacuum pump 32 can optionally be dispensed with.
- Fig. 2 shows such a degassing tank 130. It is arranged a certain geodetic height H below the return collector 14 and connected to it via a return line 40 with low pressure drops, so that the static absolute pressure of the cooling water in the return line 40 rises sharply and in the return collector 14 is slightly greater than atmospheric pressure.
- the degassing of the degassing container 30 can consequently via a simple vent valve 132 to the atmosphere.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE50104637T DE50104637D1 (de) | 2000-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Kühlsystem für einen metallurgischen schmelzofen |
EP01270626A EP1346067B1 (de) | 2000-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Kühlsystem für einen metallurgischen schmelzofen |
AU2002216099A AU2002216099A1 (en) | 2000-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Cooling system for a metallurgical smelting furnace |
AT01270626T ATE283375T1 (de) | 2000-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Kühlsystem für einen metallurgischen schmelzofen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
LU90693A LU90693B1 (en) | 2000-12-11 | 2000-12-11 | Kuehlsystem fuer einen metallurgischen Schmelzofen |
LU90693 | 2000-12-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002048406A1 true WO2002048406A1 (de) | 2002-06-20 |
Family
ID=19731955
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2001/014540 WO2002048406A1 (de) | 2000-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Kühlsystem für einen metallurgischen schmelzofen |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1346067B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1201020C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE283375T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002216099A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50104637D1 (de) |
LU (1) | LU90693B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002048406A1 (de) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008010837A2 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2008-01-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Noncompetitive immunoassays to detect small molecules |
WO2009101246A1 (en) * | 2008-02-11 | 2009-08-20 | Outotec Oyj | Method and arrangement for measuring at least one physical magnitude, such as temperature, flow or pressure of the cooling fluid flowing in an individual cooling element cycle of a cooling element in a metallurgical furnace |
RU2448316C1 (ru) * | 2009-12-29 | 2012-04-20 | Украинский Государственный Научно-Технический Центр По Технологии И Оборудованию, Обработке Металлов, Защите Окружающей Среды И Использованию Вторичных Ресурсов Для Металлургии И Машиностроения "Энергосталь" | Система охлаждения металлургического агрегата |
RU2448315C1 (ru) * | 2009-12-29 | 2012-04-20 | Украинский Государственный Научно-Технический Центр По Технологии И Оборудованию, Обработке Металлов, Защите Окружающей Среды И Использованию Вторичных Ресурсов Для Металлургии И Машиностроения "Энергосталь" | Система охлаждения металлургического агрегата |
RU2457414C1 (ru) * | 2009-12-29 | 2012-07-27 | Украинский Государственный Научно-Технический Центр По Технологии И Оборудованию, Обработке Металлов, Защите Окружающей Среды И Использованию Вторичных Ресурсов Для Металлургии И Машиностроения "Энергосталь" | Система охлаждения металлургического агрегата |
RU2487947C1 (ru) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-07-20 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Медногорский Медно-Серный Комбинат" | Способ охлаждения узлов металлургических печей и устройство для его осуществления |
RU2696995C1 (ru) * | 2016-03-21 | 2019-08-08 | Чайна Энфи Инжиниринг Корпорэйшн | Система охлаждения |
LU500112B1 (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-10-31 | Wurth Paul Sa | Cooling system of a metallurgical furnace |
WO2023278390A1 (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-05 | Safe Flow, Llc. | Emergency cooling-water vacuum system and method |
CN115627310A (zh) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-20 | 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种应对高炉炉缸侧壁局部温度升高的冷却装置及方法 |
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CN104928446A (zh) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-23 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 炉门多路供水装置 |
CN107764046B (zh) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-07-16 | 郑州东方安彩耐火材料有限公司 | 电弧炉耐火材料安全冷却生产方法 |
CN107869916A (zh) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-03 | 洛阳明创矿山冶金设备有限公司 | 一种便于冶金设备降温的装置 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3966179A (en) * | 1974-07-18 | 1976-06-29 | Sergei Mikhailovich Andoniev | Apparatus for evaporative cooling of metallurgical plants |
JPS579808A (en) * | 1980-06-17 | 1982-01-19 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Method and device for cooling furnace body with stave cooler |
US4603423A (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1986-07-29 | Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited | Process and device for the cooling of furnaces |
SU1749233A1 (ru) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-07-23 | Липецкий Филиал Государственного Союзного Института По Проектированию Металлургических Заводов | Устройство аварийного водоснабжени доменной печи |
JPH09287733A (ja) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-11-04 | Nippon Steel Corp | 溶融炉における炉体の冷却構造 |
-
2000
- 2000-12-11 LU LU90693A patent/LU90693B1/de active
-
2001
- 2001-12-11 DE DE50104637T patent/DE50104637D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-11 EP EP01270626A patent/EP1346067B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-11 AT AT01270626T patent/ATE283375T1/de active
- 2001-12-11 WO PCT/EP2001/014540 patent/WO2002048406A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-12-11 CN CN01820346.9A patent/CN1201020C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-11 AU AU2002216099A patent/AU2002216099A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3966179A (en) * | 1974-07-18 | 1976-06-29 | Sergei Mikhailovich Andoniev | Apparatus for evaporative cooling of metallurgical plants |
JPS579808A (en) * | 1980-06-17 | 1982-01-19 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Method and device for cooling furnace body with stave cooler |
US4603423A (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1986-07-29 | Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited | Process and device for the cooling of furnaces |
SU1749233A1 (ru) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-07-23 | Липецкий Филиал Государственного Союзного Института По Проектированию Металлургических Заводов | Устройство аварийного водоснабжени доменной печи |
JPH09287733A (ja) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-11-04 | Nippon Steel Corp | 溶融炉における炉体の冷却構造 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
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DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 199328, Derwent World Patents Index; Class M24, AN 1993-225744, XP002176038 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 006, no. 073 (C - 101) 8 May 1982 (1982-05-08) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 03 27 February 1998 (1998-02-27) * |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008010837A2 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2008-01-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Noncompetitive immunoassays to detect small molecules |
WO2008010837A3 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2008-07-24 | Univ California | Noncompetitive immunoassays to detect small molecules |
AP2839A (en) * | 2008-02-11 | 2014-02-28 | Outotec Oyj | Method and arrangement for measuring at least one physical magnitude, such as temperature, flow or pressure of the cooling fluid flowing in an individual cooling element cycle of a cooling element in a metallurgical furnace |
EA018105B1 (ru) * | 2008-02-11 | 2013-05-30 | Ототек Оюй | Способ и устройство для измерения по меньшей мере одной физической величины, такой как температура, расход или давление охлаждающей текучей среды, текущей в отдельном элементарном охлаждающем контуре охлаждающего элемента в металлургической печи |
US8568022B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2013-10-29 | Outotec Oyj | Method and arrangement for measuring at least one physical magnitude, such as temperature, flow or pressure of the cooling fluid flowing in an individual cooling element circuit of a cooling element in a metallurgical furnace |
WO2009101246A1 (en) * | 2008-02-11 | 2009-08-20 | Outotec Oyj | Method and arrangement for measuring at least one physical magnitude, such as temperature, flow or pressure of the cooling fluid flowing in an individual cooling element cycle of a cooling element in a metallurgical furnace |
RU2448316C1 (ru) * | 2009-12-29 | 2012-04-20 | Украинский Государственный Научно-Технический Центр По Технологии И Оборудованию, Обработке Металлов, Защите Окружающей Среды И Использованию Вторичных Ресурсов Для Металлургии И Машиностроения "Энергосталь" | Система охлаждения металлургического агрегата |
RU2448315C1 (ru) * | 2009-12-29 | 2012-04-20 | Украинский Государственный Научно-Технический Центр По Технологии И Оборудованию, Обработке Металлов, Защите Окружающей Среды И Использованию Вторичных Ресурсов Для Металлургии И Машиностроения "Энергосталь" | Система охлаждения металлургического агрегата |
RU2457414C1 (ru) * | 2009-12-29 | 2012-07-27 | Украинский Государственный Научно-Технический Центр По Технологии И Оборудованию, Обработке Металлов, Защите Окружающей Среды И Использованию Вторичных Ресурсов Для Металлургии И Машиностроения "Энергосталь" | Система охлаждения металлургического агрегата |
RU2487947C1 (ru) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-07-20 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Медногорский Медно-Серный Комбинат" | Способ охлаждения узлов металлургических печей и устройство для его осуществления |
RU2696995C1 (ru) * | 2016-03-21 | 2019-08-08 | Чайна Энфи Инжиниринг Корпорэйшн | Система охлаждения |
LU500112B1 (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-10-31 | Wurth Paul Sa | Cooling system of a metallurgical furnace |
WO2022229414A1 (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-03 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Cooling system for a metallurgical furnace |
WO2023278390A1 (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-05 | Safe Flow, Llc. | Emergency cooling-water vacuum system and method |
CN115627310A (zh) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-20 | 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种应对高炉炉缸侧壁局部温度升高的冷却装置及方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE283375T1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
CN1479791A (zh) | 2004-03-03 |
EP1346067B1 (de) | 2004-11-24 |
DE50104637D1 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
AU2002216099A1 (en) | 2002-06-24 |
EP1346067A1 (de) | 2003-09-24 |
LU90693B1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
CN1201020C (zh) | 2005-05-11 |
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