WO2002035026A1 - Constructional element, building system and method of construction - Google Patents

Constructional element, building system and method of construction Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002035026A1
WO2002035026A1 PCT/AU2001/001375 AU0101375W WO0235026A1 WO 2002035026 A1 WO2002035026 A1 WO 2002035026A1 AU 0101375 W AU0101375 W AU 0101375W WO 0235026 A1 WO0235026 A1 WO 0235026A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
constructional
cladding
structural member
constructional element
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2001/001375
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Mark Davison
Ian Peacey
Original Assignee
Jetstone Building Systems Pty Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jetstone Building Systems Pty Ltd. filed Critical Jetstone Building Systems Pty Ltd.
Priority to AU2001295296A priority Critical patent/AU2001295296B2/en
Priority to AU9529601A priority patent/AU9529601A/en
Priority to GB0308195A priority patent/GB2384013B/en
Priority to US10/398,888 priority patent/US20040040234A1/en
Publication of WO2002035026A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002035026A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/026Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of plastic
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/10Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with metal beams or girders, e.g. with steel lattice girders
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/292Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2406Connection nodes
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2415Brackets, gussets, joining plates
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2421Socket type connectors
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2451Connections between closed section profiles
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2457Beam to beam connections
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2463Connections to foundations
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2481Details of wall panels
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2484Details of floor panels or slabs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/249Structures with a sloping roof
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/043Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the hollow cross-section comprising at least one enclosed cavity
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0465Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section square- or rectangular-shaped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to constructional elements, construction systems and methods of construction .
  • a constructional element including: a structural member; cladding formed about at least part of the structural member; and abutment means formed in at least part of the cladding's perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means on an adj cent constructional element.
  • the configuration of the invention allows for a constructional element which includes pre- finished cladding such that once, for example, a wall is constructed from several constructional elements there is no need to further clad, render, etc the constructed wall. This applies whether the wall is a sidewall, floor, roof, ceiling, etc.
  • the constructional element may act as a load-bearing member.
  • the element is elongate, and the structural member includes an end which protrudes from the cladding.
  • the structural member is hollow.
  • the end is adapted to seat in a channel of a C-section support element.
  • the constructional element is configured such that it includes an end and an opposite end protruding from the cladding, the constructional element may be secured between two C-section support elements.
  • the end is adapted to seat and is fixable in an internal corner of an L- section support element .
  • connection means are formed in opposing sides of the cladding.
  • the connection means may include a tongue formed in one said side of the cladding and a groove formed in an opposing said side.
  • the connection means may include complementary step formations. The connection means aid in seating one constructional element immediately adjacent another.
  • the core is rectangular in lateral cross section.
  • the core is metallic, fibreglass, or carbon fibre.
  • the cladding includes cement, concrete, fibre cement, fibreglass, or cellulose. The cellulose may be derived from recycled paper .
  • a method of construction including forming a wall by placing two or more constructional elements according to the first aspect of the invention in parallel relationship whereby the connections means on adjacent constructional elements mutually abut and align with one another.
  • the configuration of the constructional elements allows for improved construction of a panel or wall for use as a sidewall, floor, retaining wall, etc.
  • the constructional elements are held in parallel relationship by two support elements at respective ends of the constructional elements.
  • the ends of the constructional elements are secured to the support elements once the constructional elements are in a predetermined position.
  • the support elements are elongate and C-shaped in lateral cross section.
  • the support elements are fixed to one another by intermediate brace elements.
  • a building system including: at least two spaced apart end supports; and two or more constructional elements according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the first and second ends of the constructional elements are engageable with respective end supports, and arrangeable in a vertical relationship to each other to form a wall portion.
  • Figures 2a-c and 3a-c illustrate alternative arrangements of the abutment means of the structural element illustrated in Figures la-c;
  • Figures 4, 5 and 6 are perspective views of the element illustrated in Figure la, showing variations in the cladding
  • Figures 7, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 19 to 21, 23 to 26, 35 and 36 illustrate complete and partial views of various constructional elements and components of a building system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in use;
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of several components of the building system, illustrating the constructional element with a portion of the cladding cut away;
  • FIGS 13a- illustrate components of a building system according to the present invention
  • FIGS 14a-h illustrate several of the components of Figures 13a-k in use
  • Figures 17a-b are an alternative embodiment of the constructional element including two cores
  • Figure 18a is an alternative embodiment of the embodiment illustrated in Figures 17a-b, where the ends do not protrude from the cladding;
  • Figure 18b illustrates the embodiment of the constructional element illustrated in Figure 18a showing the cores filled with insulating material
  • Figure 22 is a perspective view of the constructional element illustrated in Figure la, with a power point connected thereto;
  • Figures 27 to 34 are perspective views of various embodiments of quoins and post covers for use with the building system according to the present invention.
  • Figures 37 and 38 are perspective views of alternative embodiments of a method of construction according to the present invention.
  • like reference numerals denote like parts .
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is a constructional element in the form of an elongate board 100.
  • the board can be made in any desired length, depending on the desired function or end use of the board 100. However, the board is usually manufactured in several lengths up to a preferred length of 3.6m.
  • the board 100 includes a structural member in the form of a hollow closed sectioned core 102.
  • the core 102 is typically manufactured from steel though alternatively may be manufactured from alluminium, carbon fibre, fibre glass, or any other suitable structural material.
  • Cladding 104 is formed about at least part of the core 102.
  • the cladding 104 is usually a cement based material such as fibre cement, though alternatively may be constructed from fibre glass; ceramics; foamed polymeric materials such as polystyrene; or cellulose based material, such as recycled paper or wood pulp; etc.
  • the type of material used to form the cladding 104 will depend on the desired look of the finished product. For example, if a sandstone look is desired, the cladding may be formed from glass reinforced modified cement .
  • Abutment means in the form of corresponding tongue 105 and groove 106 formations are formed in respective first and second opposing longitudinal edge portions 107 and 108 of the board 100.
  • Two variations of the tongue 105 and groove 106 formations are illustrated in Figures la-lc and Figures 2a-2c, for example.
  • the tongue 105 and groove and 106 formations allow for mutual abutment and alignment on and with adjacent boards 100. An example of this alignment and abutment is illustrated in Figures lc & 2c.
  • the height of the tongue 105 is smaller than the depth of the groove 106, defining a gap 109 between the tongue 105 and groove 106 when adjacent boards 100 are mutually abutted and aligned.
  • the control joint is usually a rubber strip, or silicon tube, for example.
  • the gap 109 allows for seating of tongue shoulders 110 directly on groove shoulders 112, to ensure there is no gap between the respective abutted shoulders 110 & 112. This improves reduction of acoustic, heat and water transfer through the join between adjacent mutually abutted and aligned boards 100.
  • FIG. 3a-3c Alternative embodiments of the abutment means are illustrated in Figures 3a-3c where the abutment means are in the form of corresponding step, or shiplap formations 114 and 116.
  • First and second opposing faces 117 and 118 are also formed in the cladding 104, typically in a flat arrangement.
  • one or both of the faces 117 and 118 are formed in different aesthetic shapes . Examples of such alternative embodiments are illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, where face 118 is shaped for aesthetic purposes.
  • the thickness of the faces 117 and 118 of the cladding 104 about the core 102 is usually about 10mm, though may be about 3mm in some applications.
  • the depth of the faces 117 and 118 is usually 300mm.
  • the first and second ends 120 and 122 of the core 102 extend beyond the cladding 104. This is to allow the ends 120 and 122 of the board 100 to seat in a channel 124 of a C-section support element 126. This arrangement allows for a plurality of boards to be held in mutual abutment and alignment, as illustrated in Figure 7 for example.
  • the first and second ends 120 and 122 of the board are flush with the first and second respective ends 128 and 130 of the cladding 104.
  • the board 100 can be used in a building system including any one of retaining walls, multi walled buildings, etc.
  • the board 100 in such a system can be used for construction of walls in the form of sidewalls 131, or portions thereof, internal partitions, floors 132, ceilings 133, roofs 134 etc.
  • two C-sectional support elements 126 are fixed in an upright position relative to the ground in concrete pillars 135 which are set into the ground.
  • the C-section support elements 126 are arranged such that their respective channels 124 face towards each other.
  • the C-section support elements 126 are spaced apart at a predetermined distance, being approximately the width of the required wall .
  • a standard wall width is 3.6m, for example. ith the width of the wall determined and C- section support elements 126 in position, appropriate boards 100 are selected to build the desired wall, where the distance between the first and second cladding ends 128 and 130 of the plurality of boards 100 to the fitted between the elements 126 is approximately the distance between the C-section support elements 126.
  • a board 100 is then placed between the C-section support elements wherein the first and second ends 120 and 122 of the core 102 are fitted and fixed within respective channels 124.
  • Figure 9 illustrates in detail how an end 120 fits within the channel 124 of a C-section support element 126. More boards 100 are then fitted and fixed between the C-section support elements 126 on top of one another wherein immediately adjacent first and second sides 107 and 108 of immediately adjacent boards 100 mutually abut. This described arrangement can be used for building a single sidewall, such as a retaining wall.
  • a plurality of side walls 131, floors 132, ceilings 132 and roof 134, and so on are erected.
  • either concrete pillars 135 or a concrete slab 136 is typically laid, upon which support posts 137 are vertically erected, as illustrated in Figures 8 or 10, for example.
  • Main horizontal beams 138 are then attached between two support posts 137, and subsidiary horizontal beams 139 are attached between main horizontal beams 138.
  • main and subsidiary beams 138 and 139 used for supporting a roof structure 134 are typically trapezoidal in cross section to allow for a pitched roof.
  • Figure 12 illustrates in detail one way in which the main horizontal beam 138 is connected to a support post 137.
  • Figures 13a to 13k illustrate various connection means 140 for connecting main horizontal beams 138 to support posts 137 and support posts 137 to concrete slabs 136.
  • Figures 14a to 14h illustrate several of the connection means 140 in use in supporting main horizontal beams 138 on support posts 137 and support posts on concrete slabs 136 or pillars 135.
  • C-section support elements 126 are then attached in desired locations on the support posts, completing a framework super structure suitable for receiving boards 100.
  • the elements 126 are attached to the support posts 137 prior to the support posts being erected on the concrete slab 136. Where a slab 136 is used, and is therefore in direct contact with the ground, damp course, or weatherproof flashing is placed between the slab 136 and the boards 100 which directly abut the slab.
  • the end 120 of the board 100 may be secured to the C-section support element 126 by crimping a portion 142 of the C-section support element inwardly to at the same time crimp a portion of the first end 120 of the board 100. This secures the board 100 in position on the support element 126.
  • a hole and thread forming screw such as a TECHSCREW is employed to screw directly through a wall of the C-section support element 126, and the first or second end, 120 or 122 engaged within the C-section support element 126, to secure the first or second end on the C-section support element.
  • holes 144 may be preformed within the first and second ends 120 and 122, and a securing means such as a screw, bolt, nail, etc placed through corresponding holes 144 in the first or second end and 122 of the board and preformed holes 146 in the C-section support element 126.
  • a plurality of boards 100 may be used to form a floor 132 within the building system.
  • the boards 100 used to form the floor 132 include one core 102, for example as illustrated in Figures la to If, or alternatively, for added load bearing support, boards 100 used for the floor 132 may include twin cores 102, as illustrated in Figures 17a, 17b, 18a and 18b.
  • Figure 19 illustrates the boards of Figures 18a and 18b in a floor 132 configuration.
  • the ends 120 and 122 of the cores 102 of the boards 100 used to construct floors 132 do not protrude from the respective ends 128 and 130 of the cladding 104.
  • Figures 19 to 21 for example. This is so the ends 120 and 122 of the cladding 104 are flush with an adjacent wall 131.
  • individual boards 100 when part of a floor 132 are typically secured to a respective main horizontal beam 138 by a mounting bracket 156.
  • a lining strip in the form of a control/expansion joint 158 is placed between the floor 132 or roof 134 and main horizontal beam 138.
  • a ceiling 133 or roof 134 is constructed in an identical manner as described in relation to construction of floor 132. If the length of board 100 used to construct a floor 132 or ceiling 133 is a standard length of 3.6m or less, subsidiary beams 139 are not required.
  • the hollow nature of the core 102 allows for running of electrical services 152 through resultant walls 131, floors 132, etc, as illustrated in Figure 20.
  • the hollow support posts 137 and main and subsidiary horizontal beams 138 and 139 also allow for running of electrical services, which may be continued through the walls, floors, etc or connected to electrical services therein. The electrical services can then be connected to powerpoints 154 connected to a board 100 in a desired location, as illustrated in Figure 22.
  • the cores 102, posts 137, etc also allow for running through of water, telephone and gas services, and ducting for air conditioning. In the case of air conditioning, this could be used to either heat or cool side walls 131, floors 132, or ceiling 133, or to direct hot or cold air to an outlet to blow the air into a predetermined room, for example.
  • the hollow nature of the cores 102 also allows for insulating material 160 to be placed therein, as illustrated in Figure 18a.
  • the insulating material 160 is typically foam, though alternatively may be paper based, wool based, or made from any other suitable insulating material .
  • quoins 164 and post covers 166 are positioned on the building, for example as illustrated in Figures 23 to 26. Both quoins 164 and covers 166 are typically connected to their respective support posts 137 by bolting attachment plates 168 to the posts 137. In the embodiments of the quoins 164 and post covers 166 where the attachment plates are flat ( Figures 23 to 26).
  • a second quoin 164 or cover 166 is positioned above the first attached quoin 164 or cover 166 such that the exposed portion 170 of the plate 168 of the attached quoin or cover is covered by a recess 172 in the next quoin 164 or cover 166.
  • the attachment plates include a step portion 174, and bottom extending portion 176.
  • the step portion 174 is located in the recess 172 between the bottom extending portion 176 and main body 178 of the quoin 164 or cover 166.
  • a corner 178 is formed directly on to the corner of the building, typically from a cement based material.
  • an end 180 of the boards 100 are cut or formed at a 45° angle to form a building corner with another like board positioned end to end to that board 100.
  • Figure 36 illustrate how C-section elements 126 are used in part to form window 181 and door 182 vertical frame portions.
  • an alternative embodiment of the board 100 illustrated in Figures 6 and 36 is used directly above windows 181 and doors 182, which includes a thickened cladding portion 183 and a drip groove 184. The thickened cladding portion 183 is both aesthetic and bears the drip groove 18 .
  • the thickened cladding portion 183 aids in directing the water away from the window 181 or door 182
  • the drip groove 184 aids in preventing water from running transversely along the underside 185 of the board 100 and into the building.
  • Weatherproof flashing 187 is also placed between the window or door frame and the board 100 directly above the window or door frame and between the board 100 directly below the window frame.
  • FIG. 5 The embodiment of the board 100 illustrated in Figure 5 is usually used as the uppermost board 100 in a side wall 131, being the board 100 directly under the roof 134.
  • Figure 37 illustrates another alternative embodiment for forming a side wall 131, where the side wall 131 is pre-assembled by placing C-section support elements 126 directly onto respective ends 120 and 122 of exposed core 102. The preformed wall 131 is then placed in position on a building frame structure, which includes L-section support elements 186. The C-section support elements 126 are then abutted against their respective L-section support elements 186, and secured in place.
  • the boards 100 are assembled and secured directly onto L-section support elements 186. This is achieved by securing respective ends 120 and 122 of individual boards 100 directly into internal corners of the L-section support elements 186.
  • Figure 38 illustrates another alternative embodiment for forming a side wall 131, where a recess 188 is formed in the cladding 102 of one face 118 of the boards 100 to accommodate the adjacent support posts 137.
  • the board 100 is then attached to the support post 137 by a screw or the like, which couples between the support post 137 and the core 102.
  • post covers 166 are not required.
  • quoins 164 are also not required.
  • the hollow nature of the constructional element acts as an acoustic dampener, and insulator
  • the resultant building structure has high structural integrity, since each constructional element is connected to the superstructure;
  • the resultant building, retaining wall, etc is relatively easy to install, being able to be assembled without the use of heavy machinery, and with reduced tradespeople activity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

A constructional element (100), building system and method of construction is disclosed. The building system and method of construction utilise the constructional element (100). The construction element (100) is elongate and includes a hollow structural member (102) and cladding (104) formed about at least part of the structural member (102). Abutment means (107, 108) are formed in at least part of the cladding's (104) perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means (107, 108) on an adjacent constructional element (100). At least one end (120, 122) of the structural member (102) protrudes from the cladding (104). A building system and method of construction are also disclosed, both of which utilise the constructional element (100).

Description

CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENT, BUILDING SYSTEM AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to constructional elements, construction systems and methods of construction .
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART Building systems in the form of pre abricated modular building systems have a tendency to rely upon heavy machinery for their construction, are generally labour intensive requiring may different trades persons and although being modular require the separate construction and application of external and internal finishes. An example of components of a prefabricated modular building systems is aluminium cladding. Such cladding is typically positioned and fixedly located on the exterior of a fibre panel or wood panel building structure. Another example of modular elements for building systems includes a system comprising end posts and concrete slabs attached therebetween. These slabs may then be rendered or coated as necessary once the building is constructed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a constructional element including: a structural member; cladding formed about at least part of the structural member; and abutment means formed in at least part of the cladding's perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means on an adj cent constructional element.
Advantageously, the configuration of the invention allows for a constructional element which includes pre- finished cladding such that once, for example, a wall is constructed from several constructional elements there is no need to further clad, render, etc the constructed wall. This applies whether the wall is a sidewall, floor, roof, ceiling, etc.
Preferably, the constructional element may act as a load-bearing member.
Preferably the element is elongate, and the structural member includes an end which protrudes from the cladding. Preferably the structural member is hollow.
Preferably the end is adapted to seat in a channel of a C-section support element. If the constructional element is configured such that it includes an end and an opposite end protruding from the cladding, the constructional element may be secured between two C-section support elements. Alternatively, the end is adapted to seat and is fixable in an internal corner of an L- section support element .
Preferably the connection means are formed in opposing sides of the cladding. The connection means may include a tongue formed in one said side of the cladding and a groove formed in an opposing said side. Alternatively, the connection means may include complementary step formations. The connection means aid in seating one constructional element immediately adjacent another.
Preferably, the core is rectangular in lateral cross section. Preferably the core is metallic, fibreglass, or carbon fibre. Preferably the cladding includes cement, concrete, fibre cement, fibreglass, or cellulose. The cellulose may be derived from recycled paper .
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a method of construction including forming a wall by placing two or more constructional elements according to the first aspect of the invention in parallel relationship whereby the connections means on adjacent constructional elements mutually abut and align with one another.
Advantageously, the configuration of the constructional elements allows for improved construction of a panel or wall for use as a sidewall, floor, retaining wall, etc. Preferably the constructional elements are held in parallel relationship by two support elements at respective ends of the constructional elements. Preferably the ends of the constructional elements are secured to the support elements once the constructional elements are in a predetermined position.
Preferably the support elements are elongate and C-shaped in lateral cross section.
Preferably the support elements are fixed to one another by intermediate brace elements. According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a building system including: at least two spaced apart end supports; and two or more constructional elements according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the first and second ends of the constructional elements are engageable with respective end supports, and arrangeable in a vertical relationship to each other to form a wall portion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figures la-c are perspective side and end views of a preferred embodiment of a constructional element according to the present invention;
Figures 2a-c and 3a-c illustrate alternative arrangements of the abutment means of the structural element illustrated in Figures la-c;
Figures 4, 5 and 6 are perspective views of the element illustrated in Figure la, showing variations in the cladding;
Figures 7, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 19 to 21, 23 to 26, 35 and 36 illustrate complete and partial views of various constructional elements and components of a building system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in use;
Figure 9 is a perspective view of several components of the building system, illustrating the constructional element with a portion of the cladding cut away;
Figures 13a- illustrate components of a building system according to the present invention;
Figures 14a-h illustrate several of the components of Figures 13a-k in use;
Figures 17a-b are an alternative embodiment of the constructional element including two cores;
Figure 18a is an alternative embodiment of the embodiment illustrated in Figures 17a-b, where the ends do not protrude from the cladding;
Figure 18b illustrates the embodiment of the constructional element illustrated in Figure 18a showing the cores filled with insulating material; Figure 22 is a perspective view of the constructional element illustrated in Figure la, with a power point connected thereto;
Figures 27 to 34 are perspective views of various embodiments of quoins and post covers for use with the building system according to the present invention; and
Figures 37 and 38 are perspective views of alternative embodiments of a method of construction according to the present invention. In the Figures, like reference numerals denote like parts .
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to the Figures, a preferred embodiment of the invention is a constructional element in the form of an elongate board 100. The board can be made in any desired length, depending on the desired function or end use of the board 100. However, the board is usually manufactured in several lengths up to a preferred length of 3.6m. The board 100 includes a structural member in the form of a hollow closed sectioned core 102. The core 102 is typically manufactured from steel though alternatively may be manufactured from alluminium, carbon fibre, fibre glass, or any other suitable structural material.
Cladding 104 is formed about at least part of the core 102. The cladding 104 is usually a cement based material such as fibre cement, though alternatively may be constructed from fibre glass; ceramics; foamed polymeric materials such as polystyrene; or cellulose based material, such as recycled paper or wood pulp; etc. The type of material used to form the cladding 104 will depend on the desired look of the finished product. For example, if a sandstone look is desired, the cladding may be formed from glass reinforced modified cement .
Abutment means in the form of corresponding tongue 105 and groove 106 formations are formed in respective first and second opposing longitudinal edge portions 107 and 108 of the board 100. Two variations of the tongue 105 and groove 106 formations are illustrated in Figures la-lc and Figures 2a-2c, for example. The tongue 105 and groove and 106 formations allow for mutual abutment and alignment on and with adjacent boards 100. An example of this alignment and abutment is illustrated in Figures lc & 2c.
The height of the tongue 105 is smaller than the depth of the groove 106, defining a gap 109 between the tongue 105 and groove 106 when adjacent boards 100 are mutually abutted and aligned. This serves two purposes. Firstly, the gap 109 allows for accommodation of a control joint between the tongue 105 and groove 106. The control joint is usually a rubber strip, or silicon tube, for example. Secondly, in practice the gap 109 allows for seating of tongue shoulders 110 directly on groove shoulders 112, to ensure there is no gap between the respective abutted shoulders 110 & 112. This improves reduction of acoustic, heat and water transfer through the join between adjacent mutually abutted and aligned boards 100.
Alternative embodiments of the abutment means are illustrated in Figures 3a-3c where the abutment means are in the form of corresponding step, or shiplap formations 114 and 116.
First and second opposing faces 117 and 118 are also formed in the cladding 104, typically in a flat arrangement. In alternative embodiments, one or both of the faces 117 and 118 are formed in different aesthetic shapes . Examples of such alternative embodiments are illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, where face 118 is shaped for aesthetic purposes. The thickness of the faces 117 and 118 of the cladding 104 about the core 102 is usually about 10mm, though may be about 3mm in some applications. The depth of the faces 117 and 118 is usually 300mm.
The first and second ends 120 and 122 of the core 102 extend beyond the cladding 104. This is to allow the ends 120 and 122 of the board 100 to seat in a channel 124 of a C-section support element 126. This arrangement allows for a plurality of boards to be held in mutual abutment and alignment, as illustrated in Figure 7 for example.
In an alternative embodiment of the board 100, the first and second ends 120 and 122 of the board are flush with the first and second respective ends 128 and 130 of the cladding 104.
The board 100 can be used in a building system including any one of retaining walls, multi walled buildings, etc. The board 100 in such a system can be used for construction of walls in the form of sidewalls 131, or portions thereof, internal partitions, floors 132, ceilings 133, roofs 134 etc.
In one embodiment, to build a wall using a plurality of boards 100, two C-sectional support elements 126 are fixed in an upright position relative to the ground in concrete pillars 135 which are set into the ground. The C-section support elements 126 are arranged such that their respective channels 124 face towards each other. The C-section support elements 126 are spaced apart at a predetermined distance, being approximately the width of the required wall . A standard wall width is 3.6m, for example. ith the width of the wall determined and C- section support elements 126 in position, appropriate boards 100 are selected to build the desired wall, where the distance between the first and second cladding ends 128 and 130 of the plurality of boards 100 to the fitted between the elements 126 is approximately the distance between the C-section support elements 126.
As illustrated in Figure 8, a board 100 is then placed between the C-section support elements wherein the first and second ends 120 and 122 of the core 102 are fitted and fixed within respective channels 124. Figure 9 illustrates in detail how an end 120 fits within the channel 124 of a C-section support element 126. More boards 100 are then fitted and fixed between the C-section support elements 126 on top of one another wherein immediately adjacent first and second sides 107 and 108 of immediately adjacent boards 100 mutually abut. This described arrangement can be used for building a single sidewall, such as a retaining wall.
In a method for construction of, for example, a building, a plurality of side walls 131, floors 132, ceilings 132 and roof 134, and so on are erected. In this embodiment, either concrete pillars 135 or a concrete slab 136 is typically laid, upon which support posts 137 are vertically erected, as illustrated in Figures 8 or 10, for example. Main horizontal beams 138 are then attached between two support posts 137, and subsidiary horizontal beams 139 are attached between main horizontal beams 138. As illustrated in Figure 11, for example, main and subsidiary beams 138 and 139 used for supporting a roof structure 134 are typically trapezoidal in cross section to allow for a pitched roof. Figure 12 illustrates in detail one way in which the main horizontal beam 138 is connected to a support post 137. Figures 13a to 13k illustrate various connection means 140 for connecting main horizontal beams 138 to support posts 137 and support posts 137 to concrete slabs 136. Figures 14a to 14h illustrate several of the connection means 140 in use in supporting main horizontal beams 138 on support posts 137 and support posts on concrete slabs 136 or pillars 135.
Once the support posts 137, main and subsidiary horizontal beams 138 and 139 are in place, C-section support elements 126 are then attached in desired locations on the support posts, completing a framework super structure suitable for receiving boards 100. In an alternative embodiment, the elements 126 are attached to the support posts 137 prior to the support posts being erected on the concrete slab 136. Where a slab 136 is used, and is therefore in direct contact with the ground, damp course, or weatherproof flashing is placed between the slab 136 and the boards 100 which directly abut the slab.
As illustrated in Figure 15, once the first end 120 of a given board 100 is in a predetermined position in a channel 124, the end 120 of the board 100 may be secured to the C-section support element 126 by crimping a portion 142 of the C-section support element inwardly to at the same time crimp a portion of the first end 120 of the board 100. This secures the board 100 in position on the support element 126. Alternatively, a hole and thread forming screw such as a TECHSCREW is employed to screw directly through a wall of the C-section support element 126, and the first or second end, 120 or 122 engaged within the C-section support element 126, to secure the first or second end on the C-section support element.
In an alternative embodiment, holes 144 may be preformed within the first and second ends 120 and 122, and a securing means such as a screw, bolt, nail, etc placed through corresponding holes 144 in the first or second end and 122 of the board and preformed holes 146 in the C-section support element 126. Also, as illustrated in Figures 8 and 16, a plurality of boards 100 may be used to form a floor 132 within the building system. In one embodiment, the boards 100 used to form the floor 132 include one core 102, for example as illustrated in Figures la to If, or alternatively, for added load bearing support, boards 100 used for the floor 132 may include twin cores 102, as illustrated in Figures 17a, 17b, 18a and 18b. Figure 19, for example, illustrates the boards of Figures 18a and 18b in a floor 132 configuration. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the ends 120 and 122 of the cores 102 of the boards 100 used to construct floors 132 do not protrude from the respective ends 128 and 130 of the cladding 104. This is illustrated in Figures 19 to 21, for example. This is so the ends 120 and 122 of the cladding 104 are flush with an adjacent wall 131. Also, as illustrated in Figure 20, individual boards 100 when part of a floor 132, are typically secured to a respective main horizontal beam 138 by a mounting bracket 156. A lining strip in the form of a control/expansion joint 158, typically formed from rubber or polymer, is placed between the floor 132 or roof 134 and main horizontal beam 138. A ceiling 133 or roof 134 is constructed in an identical manner as described in relation to construction of floor 132. If the length of board 100 used to construct a floor 132 or ceiling 133 is a standard length of 3.6m or less, subsidiary beams 139 are not required.
Aside from load bearing properties of the hollow core 102, the hollow nature of the core 102 allows for running of electrical services 152 through resultant walls 131, floors 132, etc, as illustrated in Figure 20. The hollow support posts 137 and main and subsidiary horizontal beams 138 and 139 also allow for running of electrical services, which may be continued through the walls, floors, etc or connected to electrical services therein. The electrical services can then be connected to powerpoints 154 connected to a board 100 in a desired location, as illustrated in Figure 22. It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the cores 102, posts 137, etc, also allow for running through of water, telephone and gas services, and ducting for air conditioning. In the case of air conditioning, this could be used to either heat or cool side walls 131, floors 132, or ceiling 133, or to direct hot or cold air to an outlet to blow the air into a predetermined room, for example.
The hollow nature of the cores 102 also allows for insulating material 160 to be placed therein, as illustrated in Figure 18a. The insulating material 160 is typically foam, though alternatively may be paper based, wool based, or made from any other suitable insulating material .
Once floors 132, side walls 131, roofs 134 and ceilings 133 have been constructed, quoins 164 and post covers 166 are positioned on the building, for example as illustrated in Figures 23 to 26. Both quoins 164 and covers 166 are typically connected to their respective support posts 137 by bolting attachment plates 168 to the posts 137. In the embodiments of the quoins 164 and post covers 166 where the attachment plates are flat (Figures
27 to 31) , a second quoin 164 or cover 166, as appropriate, is positioned above the first attached quoin 164 or cover 166 such that the exposed portion 170 of the plate 168 of the attached quoin or cover is covered by a recess 172 in the next quoin 164 or cover 166.
In alternative embodiments of the quoins 164 and post covers 166 illustrated in Figures 32 to 34, the attachment plates include a step portion 174, and bottom extending portion 176. In these embodiments, when a second quoin 164 or cover 166, as appropriate, is positioned above the first attached quoin 164 or cover 166, the step portion 174 is located in the recess 172 between the bottom extending portion 176 and main body 178 of the quoin 164 or cover 166.
In another alternative embodiment illustrated in Figure 35, a corner 178 is formed directly on to the corner of the building, typically from a cement based material. In another alternative embodiment, illustrated in Figure 36, an end 180 of the boards 100 are cut or formed at a 45° angle to form a building corner with another like board positioned end to end to that board 100. Figure 36 illustrate how C-section elements 126 are used in part to form window 181 and door 182 vertical frame portions. Also, an alternative embodiment of the board 100 illustrated in Figures 6 and 36 is used directly above windows 181 and doors 182, which includes a thickened cladding portion 183 and a drip groove 184. The thickened cladding portion 183 is both aesthetic and bears the drip groove 18 . If water, such as from rain, runs down this board 100, the thickened cladding portion 183 aids in directing the water away from the window 181 or door 182, and the drip groove 184 aids in preventing water from running transversely along the underside 185 of the board 100 and into the building. Weatherproof flashing 187 is also placed between the window or door frame and the board 100 directly above the window or door frame and between the board 100 directly below the window frame.
The embodiment of the board 100 illustrated in Figure 5 is usually used as the uppermost board 100 in a side wall 131, being the board 100 directly under the roof 134. Figure 37 illustrates another alternative embodiment for forming a side wall 131, where the side wall 131 is pre-assembled by placing C-section support elements 126 directly onto respective ends 120 and 122 of exposed core 102. The preformed wall 131 is then placed in position on a building frame structure, which includes L-section support elements 186. The C-section support elements 126 are then abutted against their respective L-section support elements 186, and secured in place. In an alternative embodiment of the embodiment illustrated in Figure 37, the boards 100 are assembled and secured directly onto L-section support elements 186. This is achieved by securing respective ends 120 and 122 of individual boards 100 directly into internal corners of the L-section support elements 186.
Figure 38 illustrates another alternative embodiment for forming a side wall 131, where a recess 188 is formed in the cladding 102 of one face 118 of the boards 100 to accommodate the adjacent support posts 137. The board 100 is then attached to the support post 137 by a screw or the like, which couples between the support post 137 and the core 102. In this embodiment, post covers 166 are not required. Also in this embodiment, quoins 164 are also not required. Now that preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the constructional element, method of construction and building system has at least the following advantages:
1 they offer a cheaper alternative to standard building methods ;
2 the hollow nature of the constructional element acts as an acoustic dampener, and insulator;
3 the resultant building structure has high structural integrity, since each constructional element is connected to the superstructure;
4 they allow for a relatively inexpensive kit building system which allows for building of an aesthetic building; and
5 the resultant building, retaining wall, etc, is relatively easy to install, being able to be assembled without the use of heavy machinery, and with reduced tradespeople activity.
Although the invention has been described with reference to particular examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in many other forms .

Claims

THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS:-
1. A constructional element including: a structural member; cladding formed about at least part of the structural member; and abutment means formed in at least part of the cladding's perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means on an adjacent constructional element.
2. A constructional element according to claim 1, wherein the structural member is elongate and at least one end protrudes from the cladding.
3. A constructional element according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the structural member is hollow.
4. A constructional element according to claim 2 or 3 wherein said at least one end is adapted to seat in a channel of a C-section support element.
5. A constructional element according to claim 2 or 3 wherein said at least one end is adapted to seat and is fixable in an internal corner of an L-section support element .
6. A constructional element according to any one of claims 2 to 5 wherein the cladding is elongate and the abutment means are formed in opposing longitudinal edge portions of the cladding.
7. A constructional element according to claim 6 wherein the abutment means include a tongue and a groove formed in respective of said opposing edge portions.
8. A constructional element according to claim 6 wherein the abutment means include complementary step formations.
9. A constructional element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the structural member is shaped rectangular m transverse cross section.
10. A constructional element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the structural member is metallic, fibreglass, or carbon fibre.
11. A constructional element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the cladding includes cement, concrete, fibre cement, fibreglass, or cellulose.
12. A constructional element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the structural member is one of a pair of structural members wherein the cladding is formed about both of said members.
13. A method of panel construction including: providing a plurality of constructional elements to form the panel, the constructional elements including : a structural member; cladding formed about at least part of the structural member; and abutment means formed in at least part of the cladding's perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means on an adjacent constructional element; and mounting the constructional elements alongside one another such that the abutment means align, and adjacent construction elements together form the panel.
14. A method of construction according to claim 13 wherein the constructional elements are held in parallel relationship by two support elements at respective ends of the constructional elements.
15. A building system including: at least two spaced apart end supports; and two or more constructional elements including: a structural member; cladding formed about at least part of the structural member; and abutment means formed in at least part of the cladding ' s perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means on an adjacent constructional element, wherein first and second opposing ends of the constructional elements are engageable with respective end supports, and arrangeable in a vertical relationship to each other to form a wall portion.
16. A building system according to claim 15 wherein the end supports include a channel for receiving one of the first and second ends of the constructional elements.
PCT/AU2001/001375 2000-10-10 2001-10-09 Constructional element, building system and method of construction WO2002035026A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001295296A AU2001295296B2 (en) 2000-10-10 2001-10-09 Constructional element, building system and method of construction
AU9529601A AU9529601A (en) 2000-10-10 2001-10-09 Constructional element, building system and method of construction
GB0308195A GB2384013B (en) 2000-10-10 2001-10-09 Constructional element, building system and method of construction
US10/398,888 US20040040234A1 (en) 2000-10-10 2001-10-09 Constructional element, building system and method of construction

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPR0627A AUPR062700A0 (en) 2000-10-10 2000-10-10 Prefabricated modular building system
AUPR0627 2000-10-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002035026A1 true WO2002035026A1 (en) 2002-05-02

Family

ID=3824685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2001/001375 WO2002035026A1 (en) 2000-10-10 2001-10-09 Constructional element, building system and method of construction

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040040234A1 (en)
AU (1) AUPR062700A0 (en)
GB (1) GB2384013B (en)
WO (1) WO2002035026A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004055283A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-07-01 Jetstone Building Systems Pty Ltd Improved building system
WO2008023086A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 Rautaruukki Oyj Stiffening of load-bearing intermediate floor slabs in buildings
RU2528709C2 (en) * 2012-07-04 2014-09-20 Сергей Юрьевич Малышев Metal frame of building and method of its erection
CN110080610A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-08-02 商丘职业技术学院 A kind of construction base isolation device
EP4209641A1 (en) * 2022-01-11 2023-07-12 Isostruc LLC Rigid foam, continuous raised floor structure without wooden supports

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6931803B1 (en) * 2002-03-08 2005-08-23 Gary Davis Modular building system
US20060075703A1 (en) * 2004-10-09 2006-04-13 Simmons Robert J Defined relative-motion tongue-and-groove building-surfacing-panel interface
GR1005228B (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-06-14 Γεωργιος Σταυρου Αδαμακης Mettalic framework, joint and framework construction elements, and method for constructing integrated building installations
US20090044461A1 (en) * 2006-01-13 2009-02-19 Martin Diamond Modular Dwelling Structure Made From Recycled Tire Materials, a Kit For Same and a Method of Assembling Same
NO325802B1 (en) * 2006-09-04 2008-07-21 Jan Martin Kleppe Device for running rail
US20090255213A1 (en) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Innovida Holdings, Inc. Sandwich panel with closed edge and methods of fabricating
US20090282777A1 (en) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Innovida Factories, Ltd. Angle joint for sandwich panels and method of fabricating same
US20090307995A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Innovida Factories, Ltd. Roof construction joints made of sandwich panels
US8733033B2 (en) 2008-06-27 2014-05-27 Millport Associates, SA Sandwich panel ground anchor and ground preparation for sandwich panel structures
US8782991B2 (en) 2008-07-10 2014-07-22 Millport Associates S.A. Building roof structure having a round corner
US20100050549A1 (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Innovida Factories, Ltd. Joint of parallel sandwich panels
US20100050553A1 (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Innovida Factories, Ltd. sandwich panel joint and method of joining sandwich panels
US20100050542A1 (en) * 2008-09-04 2010-03-04 Innovida Factories, Ltd. System and method of forming at least a portion of a reinforced roof structure from sandwich panels
US8875475B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2014-11-04 Millport Associates S.A. Multiple panel beams and methods
WO2014144244A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 David Sklar Rapid-assembly building construction system
CA182140S (en) * 2018-06-29 2019-04-15 Osblock Inc Wall panel
CN109267674B (en) * 2018-11-20 2023-12-12 河北卉原建材有限公司 Structure and method for connecting composite heat-insulating external wall board with steel structure beam column
CA3153530A1 (en) * 2021-03-26 2022-09-26 Peter Kuelker Precast cladding panels with profiled panel edges
USD1018901S1 (en) 2022-04-13 2024-03-19 Osblock Inc. Block for construction

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2682938A (en) * 1948-11-23 1954-07-06 Globe Wernicke Co Metal plank
US5216861A (en) * 1990-02-15 1993-06-08 Structural Panels, Inc. Building panel and method
WO1994019552A1 (en) * 1993-02-19 1994-09-01 Modest Projects Limited A system for constructing a dismantleable prefabricated modular building
EP0940518A1 (en) * 1998-03-03 1999-09-08 Herbert Heinemann Cladding element for covering building walls

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2168725A (en) * 1932-09-06 1939-08-08 John J Whelan Building construction
US2911818A (en) * 1955-11-10 1959-11-10 Smith Charles Interlocking building blocks
US4653239A (en) * 1984-04-12 1987-03-31 Randa Wallace H Pre-engineered building and method of assembling same
US4651485A (en) * 1985-09-11 1987-03-24 Osborne Ronald P Interlocking building block system
US5353560A (en) * 1992-06-12 1994-10-11 Heydon Building Systems International, Limited Building structure and method of use
US5839249A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-11-24 Roberts; Scott J. Foam block wall and fabrication method
US5881511A (en) * 1997-02-06 1999-03-16 Keller, Jr.; Fred Concrete building block assembly
US5927032A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-07-27 Record; Grant C. Insulated building panel with a unitary shear resistance connector array
US6216410B1 (en) * 1999-01-11 2001-04-17 Kurt Evan Haberman Interlocking panel system
US6493995B2 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-12-17 Mckenzie Alexander L. Modular exhibit panel and locking system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2682938A (en) * 1948-11-23 1954-07-06 Globe Wernicke Co Metal plank
US5216861A (en) * 1990-02-15 1993-06-08 Structural Panels, Inc. Building panel and method
WO1994019552A1 (en) * 1993-02-19 1994-09-01 Modest Projects Limited A system for constructing a dismantleable prefabricated modular building
EP0940518A1 (en) * 1998-03-03 1999-09-08 Herbert Heinemann Cladding element for covering building walls

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004055283A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-07-01 Jetstone Building Systems Pty Ltd Improved building system
WO2008023086A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 Rautaruukki Oyj Stiffening of load-bearing intermediate floor slabs in buildings
RU2528709C2 (en) * 2012-07-04 2014-09-20 Сергей Юрьевич Малышев Metal frame of building and method of its erection
CN110080610A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-08-02 商丘职业技术学院 A kind of construction base isolation device
EP4209641A1 (en) * 2022-01-11 2023-07-12 Isostruc LLC Rigid foam, continuous raised floor structure without wooden supports

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AUPR062700A0 (en) 2000-11-02
US20040040234A1 (en) 2004-03-04
GB0308195D0 (en) 2003-05-14
GB2384013A (en) 2003-07-16
GB2384013B (en) 2004-04-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20040040234A1 (en) Constructional element, building system and method of construction
US6085479A (en) Premanufactured structural building panels
US6363674B1 (en) Premanufactured structural building panels
EP1203125B1 (en) Frameless building system and method of constructing a building
GB2415714A (en) Insulated timber frame building panel
CA1124482A (en) Panel structure and building structures made therefrom
CA2912597A1 (en) An insulating wall, a column assembly therefor, and a method of constructing the insulating wall
US20060254208A1 (en) Paneling system and method
KR20010012388A (en) Modular Sandwich Panel and Method for Housing Construction
EP0051592B1 (en) Building
WO2004081310A2 (en) The structure and the envelope of a prefabricated panel building and the method of assembly
AU2001295296B2 (en) Constructional element, building system and method of construction
WO2006032078A1 (en) Modular construction system and method
WO2018008037A1 (en) Structural element
AU2001295296A1 (en) Constructional element, building system and method of construction
US3466828A (en) Modular wall construction
EP2449185B1 (en) Supplementary insulation system and a method for insulating a façade
WO1995009954A1 (en) Structural member and building structures
US3212221A (en) Prefabricated house construction
JP2000096752A (en) Building structure and building method
GB2200383A (en) Engineered housing
US20040040255A1 (en) Building method and structure
US20240167264A1 (en) Modular, customizable, prefabricated building envelope system
JP3738783B2 (en) Exterior wall repair structure
JP3029789B2 (en) Wall panels

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 0308195

Country of ref document: GB

Kind code of ref document: A

Free format text: PCT FILING DATE = 20011009

Format of ref document f/p: F

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 0308195.7

Country of ref document: GB

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2001295296

Country of ref document: AU

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 10398888

Country of ref document: US

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 2001295296

Country of ref document: AU