WO2002033588A1 - Procede et dispositif de reutilisation d'information ayant fait l'objet d'une reception anterieure dans un reseau de telecommunication tel que le reseau internet - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de reutilisation d'information ayant fait l'objet d'une reception anterieure dans un reseau de telecommunication tel que le reseau internet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002033588A1 WO2002033588A1 PCT/FR2001/003196 FR0103196W WO0233588A1 WO 2002033588 A1 WO2002033588 A1 WO 2002033588A1 FR 0103196 W FR0103196 W FR 0103196W WO 0233588 A1 WO0233588 A1 WO 0233588A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- objects
- intermediate storage
- storage means
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- copying
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
- G06F16/957—Browsing optimisation, e.g. caching or content distillation
- G06F16/9574—Browsing optimisation, e.g. caching or content distillation of access to content, e.g. by caching
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for reusing information previously received by a recipient element within a telecommunications network, in particular the Internet.
- recipient element is meant a local element of the telecommunication network through which users can access information contained on the telecommunication network.
- the telecommunications network is the Internet, it can be a local computer network hosting a business site.
- a distributed information system like the World Wide Web provides users with a distributed set of composite multimedia documents linked together by hypertext links. Web sites and documents, identified by addresses called URLs (for Uniform Resource Locator), are accessible and viewable using software called browsers. Other information systems exist. So targeted by the user.
- An object could consist of files such as general, we will denote by the term object a set of data forming HTML page content (for Hypertext Mark-up Language), images, sounds, etc. The means of access to an object will be designated by the term link. It could be, for example, a hypertext link.
- a common type of information access is through a server.
- a function of a server is to deliver, at the request of a user, information effectively contained in a set of information with which it is associated.
- the server allows a user to access information contained for example in a remote local network.
- a Web server receives an HTTP request for access to an object sent by the user terminal and transmits the requested object in return in the form of a message.
- HTTP for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
- a first problem to be solved in this technical field concerns the speed of access to data.
- the transmission of messages is confronted with problems of traffic volume limiting the speed of data transmission and increasing waiting times.
- proxy cache On an HTTP request for access to an object by a user terminal, an associated cache proxy can directly return the object if it is contained in the cache due to an identical previous request. Otherwise, an HTTP request message is sent from the cache proxy to the originating server hosting the URL for transmission of the object to the user. In passing, the cache proxy indexes and stores the object.
- One of the advantages of cache is to bring information closer to the user. The use of a cache proxy results in a gain in response time, and possibly in cost if the transfer from the original server has a certain cost.
- Another solution to the problem of speed of access to data is to reproduce the content of the original server on other servers called mirrors. This avoids a concentration of connections on the original server.
- Another problem to be solved in this technical field concerns the selectivity of access to data, implying automatic assistance to the user making it possible to refine his search for information.
- Search engines are well-known devices that allow a user to search for localized information on the Web. They provide a user with pointers to this content.
- the various devices and methods which have just been mentioned do not, individually, offer a solution to the two problems of the speed of access to the data and of the selectivity of the access to this data and also present other problems.
- the cache only keeps objects for a specified time, controlled by an algorithm based, for example, on the date of entry, size, access history. Often, caches are configured to store only objects that are not too large. In principle, if an object is not requested quickly, it is eliminated from the cache to make room for newer objects. In the example of a cache proxy associated with a corporate site, the average lifespan of a document is only a few days unless it is very often requested.
- the cache is a component with probabilistic behavior and, consequently, it is difficult to control the nature and the lifespan of its content.
- the content of the mirrors is determined.
- the administrator must take the initiative of copying information, which means that he has control over all the parameters linked to the content, such as lifespan, quantity copied, localization, etc.
- the management of mirror sites is often of a systematic type. It generally involves identical content organizations. In other words, such a system does not have any autonomy with regard to the constitution of the content accessible by the end user.
- Search engines only provide pointers to information. They therefore impose a connection to the original server to retrieve the information.
- CDN for content delivery network
- CDN for content delivery network
- CDN for content delivery network
- it is based on a distributed architecture of storage components such as mirrors or covers. It aims to combine certain advantages of covers and mirrors. Copying information from the original server to the storage components can be done with some autonomy. However, this autonomy does not exist in the content creation: the CDN system only replicates the organization and content of the original servers.
- the copying operation is performed manually.
- the copy is not made on the initiative of the owner of the information, the latter has no feedback on the number of consultations. This is a serious drawback in the event that the owner of the information is paid by the. number of accesses.
- the present invention aims to provide a system, adding to the range of existing solutions to improve the speed and selectivity of access to data on a telecommunications network, which would overcome the problems mentioned above.
- the intermediate storage means for example a cache proxy, storing all the objects transmitted to the recipient element, for example a company site, all the objects satisfying predetermined criteria, for example all the large objects, having been transmitted at least once to the site will be stored in the object management means, for example a web server.
- This operation allowing the reconciliation of certain targeted objects allows an increase in the speed of access to the data and a better selectivity.
- the content of the object management means for example a Web server, will be constituted independently, according to the requests made by the recipient users, for example the users of a company site.
- the constitution of the content of this Web server is generally in accordance with the centers of interest of the site since it is done according to the requests of users of this site.
- an object requested by a user of the site is likely to interest another user of this site.
- the lifetime of the objects contained in this object management means for example a Web server, can also be managed autonomously, independently of the particular requirements specific to the intermediate storage means, for example a cache proxy.
- said step consisting in copying all the objects contained in said intermediate storage means which satisfy predetermined criteria only copies the objects which are greater than a predetermined size.
- said step consisting in copying all the objects contained in said intermediate storage means which satisfy predetermined criteria only copies the autonomous objects which are easily reusable in the state
- said step consisting in copying all the objects contained in said intermediate storage means which satisfy predetermined criteria only copies objects consistent with centers of interest associated with the recipient element.
- the consistency of objects with centers of interest associated with the recipient element can first of all be measured from the number of times a given object has been requested on the network. Then, this coherence can be measured from the thematic level of proximity of a given object with respect to the global accesses and / or with respect to the accesses to the object management means.
- the method also comprises steps consisting in: automatically generating files containing links to said objects stored in said object management means, and storing with appropriate indexing said files in said object management means.
- Such files may contain, in addition to links to the objects, descriptions of these objects.
- said step consisting in storing with appropriate indexing said files in said object management means automatically performs a classification of said files according to a thematic hierarchy.
- said files are accessible by means of a keyword search.
- said step consisting in copying all the objects contained in said intermediate storage means which satisfy predetermined criteria copies at the same time as each object elements forming a context in which said object is taken, said step consisting in automatically generating files containing links to said objects stored in said object management means associating said elements with the file containing a link to said object.
- Such an element forming a context in which an object is taken is for example a Web page containing a link with the object and a textual description of this object.
- the generated file will then also be a web page established from the recovered web page. This automatically generates a thematic web page environment consistent with the copied objects.
- said method comprises a step of managing the lifetime of the objects contained in said object management means, consisting in eliminating from said object management means an object which, after an interval time, did not meet predetermined criteria.
- the criteria in question can be the number of accesses to this object, the existence of this object on the origin server or the conformity with the centers of interest of the recipient element.
- said object management means is an HTTP Web server accessible via a standard browser.
- a device for carrying out a method of reusing information previously received by a recipient element within the Internet network comprises a cache proxy, a Web server and a stand-alone replication system comprising a stage of opportunity analysis, an associative reconstruction stage, a content generation stage and a content management stage.
- a device 1 for re-using information applies to a website, for example a business site, designated in the following by the term recipient site.
- a website for example a business site, designated in the following by the term recipient site.
- the invention could also be adapted to any other context of access to the Internet, for example access via an Internet service provider (ISP).
- ISP Internet service provider
- the recipient site is associated, in a conventional manner, with a cache proxy 10. It may for example be a cache proxy of the Squid type belonging to the public domain. Such a cache proxy comprises a storage disk 11. Its operation is ensured by a control unit 13. Are also associated with the cache proxy 10 computer trace files or log files 12. Conventionally, on HTTP request for access to a object from the recipient site, the cache proxy can return the object directly if it is contained in the cache due to an identical previous request. Otherwise, an HTTP request message is sent from the cache proxy to the originating server hosting the URL for transmission of the object to the user. In passing, the cache proxy indexes and stores the object. The storage of the objects in the disk 11 is temporary storage.
- Each object is only stored for a determined time, controlled by an algorithm based, for example, on the date of entry and the size of the object.
- the content of the cache proxy 10 is analyzed to detect the presence of heavy objects, and, if necessary, to determine the characteristics of these objects in order to assess the advisability of copying them to a management means.
- 'objects By heavy objects is meant objects having a size greater than a predetermined limit size, for example 100 kb. Analysis is done regularly, at intervals as a function of the average lifetime of the objects on the cache proxy, so that all the objects satisfying the opportunity criteria are copied into the management means.
- the information reuse device 1 comprises, in addition to the cache proxy 10, an autonomous replication system 20 and an HTTP web server 30.
- the web server 30, forming a management means is a server of conventional type. , for example of Apache type belonging to the public domain, local to the recipient site.
- a server comprises a storage disk 31 and a control unit 33.
- Such a server is accessible via a standard browser.
- the content of this Web server as will appear better later, consists of pages 32 automatically generated by the system as well as by heavy objects copied from the cache to a disk 31.
- the autonomous replication system 20 located on the recipient site, comprises four stages, an opportunity analysis stage 21, an associative reconstruction stage 22, a content generation stage 23 and a content manager 24.
- the opportunity analysis stage 21 has the function of analyzing the advisability of making a copy of an object contained in the disk 11 associated with the cache proxy 10 to the disk 31 associated with the web server 30 forming a means of management. To do this, opportunity criteria are used. These criteria apply after cross-checking between Log files so as to only take into account the objects actually present in the cache.
- a first opportunity criterion applied is that linked to the size of the object. Only large objects, for example larger than 100 KB, are copied.
- a second opportunity criterion applied is that linked to the reusability of the object.
- Objects that are not very autonomous or difficult to re-use as is, such as “.cla” files are not copied. We therefore only copy objects of classic type such as “.mp3”, “.mpg”, “.doc”, “.avi”, “.jpg” files, etc.
- a third opportunity criterion applied is that linked to consistency with the centers of interest of the users of the recipient site.
- This consistency can first of all be measured from the number of times a given object has been requested on the network, this number being revealed by the analysis of the Log 12 files. Then, this consistency can be measured from the level of thematic proximity of a given object in relation to global access and in relation to access to the Web server 30. The levels of thematic proximity are measured in a known manner using a semantic analysis engine.
- the function of the associative reconstitution stage 22 is to bring together elements forming a context in which an object to be copied is taken.
- This stage analyzes the web page in which the link to the object in question is located. Contextual elements deemed important are recovered. For example, you can retrieve a web page containing a link to a compressed file (".zip"), which allows you to have a text description of the object. In some cases, elements corresponding to a higher level of the hyper-text tree are retrieved to obtain a more detailed description. For example, we can retrieve the page containing a link to the page containing a link to the object.
- the function of the content generation stage 23 is to copy the objects selected by stage 21 to the disk 31, and, in parallel, to generate a tree structure of web pages 32 containing links to the copied objects and describing these.
- the tree structure of Web pages is presented for example according to the formalism of Dewey. This formalism presents a hierarchical structure of themes in semantic relation. The pages which correspond to these themes are accessible by links on pages which correspond to other semantically related themes. Are associated with the nodes or sheets of the tree structure of the automatically generated pages containing links to the copied objects and the Web pages forming the contextual elements recovered from the cache by the stage 22.
- a semantic network is used to measure the distance between a web page forming a contextual element and each node of the tree structure.
- the web page with its link to the corresponding object is placed at the node of the tree structure for which the semantic distance is the shortest.
- Each time an object is added to the server, the pages and links are modified accordingly.
- the generation of pages can be done dynamically for static access or on demand by a CGI type program (for Gateway Common Interface) or all types of dynamic response training.
- the copying of objects between disk 11 of cache 10 and disk 31 of server 30 implies special processing on the corresponding MIME type file (for Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension) and in particular the elimination of the special header generated by the cache.
- the interface is similar to what exists on a conventional search engine or catalog.
- the content may also be accessible by keywords.
- the content visible to each user can be personalized by automatically detecting the profile of each user, as described in the above-mentioned document “Distributed Multimedia document Modeling”, by manual operation, each user giving keywords characteristic of his profile, or by a combination of the two methods.
- the copying and storage steps performed by stages 21, 22 and 23 are carried out at a rate adapted to the average lifetime of the objects in the cache.
- the content management stage 24 has the function of managing the life of the objects according to predetermined methods. On the one hand, it determines, by sending the corresponding HTTP request, whether or not an object remains present on the origin server. On the other hand, it measures the number of accesses to the object in question. This number of accesses will serve as a criterion making it possible to determine whether or not the object must be eliminated from the Web server 30 forming a management means.
- the disk size is high compared to the prior art system, which gives the stored objects a minimum shelf life of one to two weeks.
- An object is eliminated after this time if it combines several unfavorable factors ⁇ for example if it has never been accessed, if it no longer exists on the original server and if it is distant interests of the recipient site.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
- Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/399,370 US20040014469A1 (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2001-10-16 | Method and device or re-using information received previously in a telecommunication network such as the internet |
AU2002210645A AU2002210645A1 (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2001-10-16 | Method and device for re-using information previously received in a telecommunication network such as internet |
EP20010978539 EP1328879A1 (fr) | 2000-10-17 | 2001-10-16 | Procede et dispositif de reutilisation d'information ayant fait l'objet d'une reception anterieure dans un reseau de telecommunication tel que le reseau internet |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0013419A FR2815435A1 (fr) | 2000-10-17 | 2000-10-17 | Procede et dispositif de reutilisation d'information ayant fait l'objet d'une reception anterieure dans un reseau de telecommunication tel que le reseau internet |
FR00/13419 | 2000-10-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002033588A1 true WO2002033588A1 (fr) | 2002-04-25 |
Family
ID=8855531
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2001/003196 WO2002033588A1 (fr) | 2000-10-17 | 2001-10-16 | Procede et dispositif de reutilisation d'information ayant fait l'objet d'une reception anterieure dans un reseau de telecommunication tel que le reseau internet |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040014469A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1328879A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1527977A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2002210645A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2815435A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002033588A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2856493A1 (fr) * | 2003-06-23 | 2004-12-24 | France Telecom | Procede et dispositif de traitement d'informations ayant fait l'objet d'une reception anterieur dans un reseau de telecommunication tel que le reseau internet |
US7251649B2 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2007-07-31 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method for prioritizing content |
FR2926905B1 (fr) * | 2008-01-24 | 2010-03-26 | Streamezzo | Procede d'alimentation d'un mandataire de contenu multimedia, mandataire, et produit programme d'ordinateur correspondant |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1999003047A1 (fr) * | 1997-07-11 | 1999-01-21 | Earle Machardy | Systeme d'environnement d'accueil de contenus et mecanisme cache |
EP1028551A2 (fr) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-16 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Interface utilisateur graphique, utilisant un ordinateur, pour le traitement de données audiovisuelles et méthode pour le traitement des données audiovisuelles |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6742047B1 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 2004-05-25 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for dynamically filtering network content |
US6081840A (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 2000-06-27 | Zhao; Yan | Two-level content distribution system |
US6453420B1 (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2002-09-17 | Research Investment Network, Inc. | System, method and article of manufacture for authorizing the use of electronic content utilizing a laser-centric medium |
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2000
- 2000-10-17 FR FR0013419A patent/FR2815435A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-10-16 CN CNA018189067A patent/CN1527977A/zh active Pending
- 2001-10-16 WO PCT/FR2001/003196 patent/WO2002033588A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2001-10-16 AU AU2002210645A patent/AU2002210645A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-10-16 EP EP20010978539 patent/EP1328879A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-10-16 US US10/399,370 patent/US20040014469A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999003047A1 (fr) * | 1997-07-11 | 1999-01-21 | Earle Machardy | Systeme d'environnement d'accueil de contenus et mecanisme cache |
EP1028551A2 (fr) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-16 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Interface utilisateur graphique, utilisant un ordinateur, pour le traitement de données audiovisuelles et méthode pour le traitement des données audiovisuelles |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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BRADFORD C ET AL: "A bandwidth friendly search engine", PROCEEDINGS IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING AND SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS OF ICMCS99: IEEE MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS '99: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING AND SYSTEMS, FLORENCE, ITALY, 7-11 JUNE 1999, 1999, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, IEEE Comput. Soc, USA, pages 720 - 724 vol.2, XP002178578, ISBN: 0-7695-0253-9 * |
DODGE C ET AL: "WEB CATALOGUING THROUGH CACHE EXPLOITATION AND STEPS TOWARD CONSISTENCY MAINTENANCE", COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS, NORTH HOLLAND PUBLISHING. AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 27, no. 6, 1 April 1995 (1995-04-01), pages 1003 - 1008, XP000647241, ISSN: 0169-7552 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040014469A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
EP1328879A1 (fr) | 2003-07-23 |
AU2002210645A1 (en) | 2002-04-29 |
FR2815435A1 (fr) | 2002-04-19 |
CN1527977A (zh) | 2004-09-08 |
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