WO2002020399A1 - Projection plasma avec melange gazeux ternaire - Google Patents
Projection plasma avec melange gazeux ternaire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002020399A1 WO2002020399A1 PCT/FR2001/002625 FR0102625W WO0220399A1 WO 2002020399 A1 WO2002020399 A1 WO 2002020399A1 FR 0102625 W FR0102625 W FR 0102625W WO 0220399 A1 WO0220399 A1 WO 0220399A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- helium
- plasma
- plasma gas
- argon
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B23/00—Noble gases; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ternary plasma gas and its use in plasma projection.
- Plasma spraying is a thermal coating process which consists in introducing a particulate material into a plasma jet where the particles are melted and accelerated before they come to crash on the surface of the part to be coated.
- the main applications are the production of anti-wear, anti-corrosion, anti-friction deposits or fulfilling the role of thermal and / or electrical barrier.
- the operation is carried out either with ambient air (APS process for Air Plasma
- LPPS process for Low Pressure Plasma Spraying low pressure plasma spraying
- IPS for Inert Plasma Spraying plasma spraying in an inert atmosphere
- ATC for Atmosphere and Temperature controlled atmosphere and temperature controlled).
- Plasma gases consist of a binary mixture of argon and hydrogen, typically 75 to 95% by volume of argon and 5 to 25% by volume of hydrogen, as well as binary mixtures consisting of argon and helium.
- the goal of the end user in plasma projection is twofold, namely to satisfy their customers in terms of the quality of the deposits obtained (hardness, adhesion, rate of oxides and porosity, resistance to wear, etc.) and to reduce these costs. production in order to be more competitive on its market.
- One of the means of reducing the production costs is to reduce the consumption of the powdery filler material. Indeed, this is one of the most important factors in the cost of the plasma spraying application. Since the gas has a minimal share in this cost structure, the objective is to adapt the plasma gas to reduce the share of cost linked to the powder. In particular, it is advantageous to be able to increase the deposition yield.
- This parameter is defined as being the relative share of the powder taking part in the preparation of the coating compared to the quantity of powder initially introduced in the plasma spraying process. This, depending on the conditions of use (type of torch, powder ...) varies significantly, generally between 30 and 60%. The rest of the powder is therefore lost and consists of an unnecessary expense for the user.
- document EP-A-0 451 051 describes a mixture of ternary gases based on argon, helium and hydrogen. This mixture is suitable for plasma spraying of ceramic powders, for example oxides of the ZrO 2 / Y 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3 , AI 2 ⁇ 3 TiO 2 ... type.
- document EP-A-924 968 describes a ternary mixture Ar / He / H 2 which proposes to optimize the plasma projection for ceramic / metallic materials for torches of lower powers.
- the high contents of hydrogen described in document EP-0 451 051 lead to a deterioration of the electrodes because they are ill-suited to the design of these torches.
- the intrinsic properties of these filler materials mean that the conventional spraying parameters, in particular with argon / hydrogen and / or argon / helium mixtures, must be adapted to the type of powder to be sprayed. If one wants to increase the capacities of the process, in particular the projection efficiency, by the use of ternary mixtures Ar / He / H 2 , it is likewise advisable to adapt the parameters, in particular gas (flow compositions %) under projection conditions (torches, powders ).
- the high H 2 and He contents of the mixture described in document EP-A-451 051 are well suited to the plasma spraying of refractory materials such as ceramics.
- the use under the usual conditions of the mixtures described in EP-A-451,051 and EP-A-924,968 does not respond to an optimization of the process, in terms of deposition yield and properties of the coatings in certain cases, in particular. particularly for plasma spraying of metallic materials and / or their alloys.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a plasma gas which does not have the drawbacks of known gas mixtures, when it is used in plasma spraying, leading in particular to a spraying efficiency higher than that obtained with the known mixtures.
- the solution of the invention is then a plasma gas consisting of a ternary mixture of helium, argon and hydrogen, characterized in that it contains:
- the gas of the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics:
- the hydrogen gas of the invention can be used in the plasma spraying of at least one powder of a refractory material and / or of at least one metallic material.
- the invention also relates to a process for thermal spraying of gases according to the invention for producing a coating, preferably a coating made of an alloy chosen from NiCrAIY, NiAI, NiCr alloys,
- CoNiCrAIY and CoCrAIY or a coating with a metallic powder based on iron, copper or molybdenum.
- the method of the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics: - the coating is a bonding sub-layer, a layer of protection against oxidation or an anti-wear layer,
- the intensity of the current is between 300 A and 500 A, preferably of the order of 400 A,
- the part to be coated is chosen from a combustion chamber element, a drive roller or inker, a turbine blade or an element of the vehicle engine block.
- compositions of these gas mixtures are given in Table I below.
- Table I Compositions of the preferred gas mixtures of the invention (% by vol.)
- compositions of the gas mixtures of the invention given in Table I were obtained by carrying out various tests with a NiAI powder having a particle size: -90; + 45 ⁇ m, that is to say of a pulverulent mixture of nickel and aluminum. Tubes of diameter 90 mm and length 150 mm were used to measure the deposition yield which is the ratio of the mass of powder deposited on the mass of the powder injected into the plasma.
- Table II Comparison of the projection yields and values of the oxide rates for different deposits.
- the attached figure shows the evolution of the oxygen rate (on the ordinate) in the Ni / Ai coatings as a function of the intensity (on the abscissa) of the current used to generate the plasma arc, for three gas mixtures of different compositions, namely a mixture according to the invention (10% He + 20% H 2 + 70% Ar: curve C1) and, for comparison, two mixtures outside the invention (20% He + 15% H 2 + 65% Ar: curve C2 and 20% He + 10% H 2 + 70% Ar: curve C3).
- the projection efficiency (R) obtained for each intensity was also indicated (see Table II).
- the starting NiAI powder that is to say before projection, contained 0.0099% oxygen.
- the reference oxygen content in the NiAI deposit obtained under the reference conditions is 1.02%.
- the applications of the use of this mixture are numerous. We can cite as examples without being exhaustive:
- the expansion coefficients of the anti-wear layer generally a ceramic
- the substrate ie the part to be coated. It can be, for example, drive rollers, ink rollers, etc.
- the materials concerned are often NiAI or NiCr alloys, - CoNiCrAIY or CoCrAIY alloys used to protect parts against hot oxidation such as turbine blades, for example,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2001284146A AU2001284146A1 (en) | 2000-09-06 | 2001-08-17 | Plasma spray with ternary gas mixture |
EP01963105A EP1324945A1 (fr) | 2000-09-06 | 2001-08-17 | Projection plasma avec melange gazeux ternaire |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0011350A FR2813598B1 (fr) | 2000-09-06 | 2000-09-06 | Projection plasma avec melange gazeux ternaire |
FR00/11350 | 2000-09-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002020399A1 true WO2002020399A1 (fr) | 2002-03-14 |
Family
ID=8854016
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2001/002625 WO2002020399A1 (fr) | 2000-09-06 | 2001-08-17 | Projection plasma avec melange gazeux ternaire |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1324945A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2001284146A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2813598B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002020399A1 (fr) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3958097A (en) * | 1974-05-30 | 1976-05-18 | Metco, Inc. | Plasma flame-spraying process employing supersonic gaseous streams |
JPS5829581A (ja) * | 1981-08-17 | 1983-02-21 | Teisan Kk | 3成分被包又は拘束混合ガス |
JPS62279083A (ja) * | 1986-05-29 | 1987-12-03 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | 粉体プラズマ肉盛溶接方法 |
US5070228A (en) * | 1990-06-18 | 1991-12-03 | General Electric Company | Method for plasma spray joining active metal substrates |
US5271869A (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1993-12-21 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Plasma producing gas for plasma projection of metallic oxide |
EP0924968A1 (fr) * | 1997-12-10 | 1999-06-23 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Mélange gazeux ternaire et application de ce mélange à la projection plasma de matériaux réfractaires |
-
2000
- 2000-09-06 FR FR0011350A patent/FR2813598B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-08-17 AU AU2001284146A patent/AU2001284146A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-17 EP EP01963105A patent/EP1324945A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-08-17 WO PCT/FR2001/002625 patent/WO2002020399A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3958097A (en) * | 1974-05-30 | 1976-05-18 | Metco, Inc. | Plasma flame-spraying process employing supersonic gaseous streams |
JPS5829581A (ja) * | 1981-08-17 | 1983-02-21 | Teisan Kk | 3成分被包又は拘束混合ガス |
JPS62279083A (ja) * | 1986-05-29 | 1987-12-03 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | 粉体プラズマ肉盛溶接方法 |
US5271869A (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1993-12-21 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Plasma producing gas for plasma projection of metallic oxide |
US5070228A (en) * | 1990-06-18 | 1991-12-03 | General Electric Company | Method for plasma spray joining active metal substrates |
EP0924968A1 (fr) * | 1997-12-10 | 1999-06-23 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Mélange gazeux ternaire et application de ce mélange à la projection plasma de matériaux réfractaires |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198313, Derwent World Patents Index; Class M23, AN 1983-31038K, XP002172201 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 160 (M - 697) 14 May 1988 (1988-05-14) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2001284146A1 (en) | 2002-03-22 |
FR2813598B1 (fr) | 2002-10-18 |
FR2813598A1 (fr) | 2002-03-08 |
EP1324945A1 (fr) | 2003-07-09 |
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