WO2002018739A1 - Adjustable stabiliser for directional drilling - Google Patents

Adjustable stabiliser for directional drilling Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002018739A1
WO2002018739A1 PCT/FR2001/002678 FR0102678W WO0218739A1 WO 2002018739 A1 WO2002018739 A1 WO 2002018739A1 FR 0102678 W FR0102678 W FR 0102678W WO 0218739 A1 WO0218739 A1 WO 0218739A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shoe
shoes
shaft
axis
members
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2001/002678
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
François Guy Jacques René MILLET
Original Assignee
Geoservices
Institut Francais Du Petrole
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Geoservices, Institut Francais Du Petrole filed Critical Geoservices
Priority to AU2001286014A priority Critical patent/AU2001286014A1/en
Publication of WO2002018739A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002018739A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/062—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft rotating inside a non-rotating guide travelling with the shaft
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1057—Centralising devices with rollers or with a relatively rotating sleeve
    • E21B17/1064—Pipes or rods with a relatively rotating sleeve

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices making it possible to radially move one relative to the other two members arranged one inside the other, such devices finding application in particular in directional drilling installations. It is necessary, in petroleum research, civil engineering or other installations, to carry out drilling along complex and precise trajectories and various devices can be used to orient the drilling tool in the desired direction.
  • double eccentric devices or inflatable or radial jacks have already been used.
  • These known devices offer drawbacks which are specific to them: double eccentric devices are relatively complex and therefore expensive and unreliable; the devices with radial jacks have a large radial size for a relatively small stroke; as for the devices with inflatable jacks, they notably have poor temperature resistance.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a device which essentially makes it possible to remedy these various drawbacks and which, in particular, provides sufficient travel, ie compact and of relatively simple construction, so as to be able to operate in a difficult environment , especially with regard to space, temperature and vibrations.
  • the subject of the invention is a device making it possible to radially move one relative to the other two members, respectively interior and exterior, arranged one inside the other and substantially coaxial in a neutral position, this device being characterized in that it comprises several wedge-shaped actuating shoes, arranged and distributed angularly in an annular gap delimited between the two interior and exterior members, each shoe being in contact with two bearing surfaces carried respectively l '' one by the external member and the other by the internal member and at least one of which is inclined relative to the common axis (in neutral position) to the two members and being actuated by a hydraulic cylinder, each cylinder comprising a body delimited in the external member and a piston rod connected to the associated shoe.
  • - It comprises several groups of several shoe-jack assemblies, these groups being regularly distributed angularly around the common axis (in neutral position) to the two bodies;
  • the bearing surfaces formed in the external member are cylindrical, of circular section and have their axes inclined relative to the axis of the external member; the surfaces of the shoes, in contact with these bearing surfaces, have a complementary shape, and their actuating cylinders are coaxial with said bearing surfaces;
  • the internal member has flats delimiting bearing surfaces substantially parallel to the axis of this internal member and each shoe has a corresponding flat face;
  • - return springs are arranged between the internal member and the shoes and tend to bring these shoes back to their position corresponding to the neutral position of the device; and - the internal member is a shaft rotatably mounted in a cradle which cooperates with the shoes.
  • the invention also relates to a directional drilling device (petroleum, civil engineering or other).
  • a directional drilling device (petroleum, civil engineering or other).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention, occupying its neutral position, this section being taken along line 1-1 of Figure 2;
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are, respectively, sectional views along lines 2-2 and 3-3 of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 1 showing the device in an offset position;
  • FIG. 5 to 8 show four variants of hydraulic supply diagrams for actuating cylinders of the device shown in Figures 1 to 4;
  • FIG. 12 and 13 schematically represent two variants of a directional drilling device equipped with a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 an outer tubular member 10 in which extends an inner member 12 formed in this example by a hollow shaft, the members 10 and 12 being normally made of steel or other suitable material.
  • the two members 10 and 12 are coaxial with axis X-X.
  • the device according to the invention, arranged between the external member 10 and the internal member 12 comprises three groups of two shoes 20, these three groups being distributed angularly in a regular manner around the axis X-X, therefore at 120 °.
  • Each shoe has a general wedge shape and is in contact with two bearing surfaces delimited one 22 by the external member 10 and the other 24 by the internal shaft 12.
  • the bearing surface 22 delimited by the external member is constituted by a cylinder portion of circular section and whose axis YY is inclined relative to the axis XX.
  • the axes of these cylindrical bearing surfaces, each associated with a shoe constitute generators of a cone of revolution of axis XX.
  • the angle formed between an axis YY and the axis XX is between 5 and 30 ° and preferably • between 10 and 20 °.
  • the surface 26 of the shoe, in contact with the surface 22 has the same cylindrical shape, so that the shoe can both slide and rotate relative to the housing 22 in which it is received.
  • the face 28 of each shoe directed towards the shaft 12 is. plane and is in contact with a bearing surface 24, constituted by a flat formed on the shaft 12. Grooves 30, 32 are formed on the surface of the flat 24 the shaft 12, as well as in the facing wall 28 of the shoes 20, so as to delimit a housing and two abutment surfaces 34, 36, for springs 38.
  • Each shoe is actuated by a high pressure hydraulic cylinder 40 coaxial with the cylindrical surface 22.
  • the cylinder part 42 of each cylinder is delimited in the external member 10 and the piston and piston rod part 44 is integral with the shoe 20.
  • the assemblies Piston-shoes can be made of bronze or other material suitable for hydraulic constructions.
  • These jacks are preferably single-acting jacks, so as to simplify their construction and their control.
  • the diagram shown in Figure 5 includes a hydraulic unit 50 equipped for example with a barrel pump, which can be adjusted to a pressure of for example between 200 and 400 bars.
  • Each of the groups of actuating cylinders 40 (two of which are visible in FIG. 5) is supplied by a three-way solenoid valve 52.
  • Each group of cylinders is also equipped with a pressure relief valve 54 in order to avoid overloads in all of the mechanical members.
  • each group of actuating cylinders 40 is controlled by a circuit supplied from the hydraulic unit 50 and comprising two solenoid valves 60, 62 two-way, normally closed.
  • each supply circuit of a group of cylinders is equipped with a pressure relief valve 54.
  • each group of actuating cylinders 40 is supplied from the hydraulic unit 50 by a circuit comprising two solenoid valves 70, 72, two-way, normally open.
  • a pressure relief valve 54 is provided in each supply circuit of each group of cylinders.
  • each group of actuating cylinders 40 is supplied from the hydraulic unit 50 by a circuit comprising a two-way solenoid valve 80, normally closed, and a two-way solenoid valve 82, normally open , each circuit being as previously provided with a pressure relief valve 54.
  • solenoid valve depends in particular on the types of operation sought in degraded modes or in other words the configuration which is desired for the device in the event of failure of the supply device, in order to obtain the best safety and / or the lowest consumption.
  • the external member 10 being considered to be fixed, it suffices to supply suitably the jacks 40, some of these jacks being supplied so as to cause the exit of the pistons and the shoes of which they are integral, while for other jacks a covering is made, the pistons and the associated shoes moving then towards the rear of the jack, that is to say to the right when considering FIG. 1, under the action of the springs 38.
  • the supply or the covering of the various jacks is carried out according to the direction in which it is desired to move the shaft 12 radially.
  • the shoes 20 which are caused to move to the left when considering FIG.
  • the only difference compared to the previous embodiment lies in the presence of a needle shoe 90 interposed between the facing flat surfaces 24, 28 of the shaft 12 and of the shoes 20.
  • the inner shaft 12 is rotatably mounted by means of bearings 100, 102 in an annular cradle 104. It is this cradle which cooperates with the shoes 20 to cause the radial displacement of the inner tree. To this end, it has flats as well as grooves adapted to receive the springs 38, as described in connection with the first embodiment. As in the case of FIG. 9, a needle shoe can also be interposed between the facing faces of the shoes 20 and of the cradle 104.
  • Such an embodiment is preferred when the internal member 12 is a shaft itself driven in rotation, as is the case in drilling devices.
  • FIG. 11 shows another variant of a device according to the invention, according to which two devices as described in FIGS. 1 to 4. are arranged head to tail or symmetrically by. with respect to a radial plane P, perpendicular to the axis X-X.
  • the same springs 110 can be used between two shoes 20 arranged face to face. Thanks to such an arrangement, the available power can be doubled.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show a particular application of a device according to the invention to directional drilling equipment, operating in rotary (or “rotary”) mode, in which a drilling tool 120 carried by a shaft 122 must be oriented in the desired direction of the wellbore.
  • an outer jacket 124 is blocked relative to the wall of the well by anchoring means 126 and the rotary shaft 122 carrying the drilling tool 120 is supported in the jacket, at its front part by a ball joint 128 and at its rear part by a bearing 130 ( Figure 12) or a ball joint 132 ( Figure 13).
  • a device according to the invention in its embodiment of FIG. 10 is arranged in an intermediate zone, between the jacket and the shaft, the whole device being embedded in the oil to ensure good lubrication.
  • the device makes it possible to move the shaft 122 radially, locally, in a determined plane, which causes its bending and an inclination of its downstream part, authorized by the ball joint 128.
  • the device according to the invention has a small radial size, without provided that its force transmission and radial displacement capacities are reduced. It is easily adaptable by adjusting the value of the tilt angle of the cylinders. It is also simple and robust construction which allows to consider a particularly wide range of applications.
  • the number of jack-shoe assemblies in each group can be more than two;
  • connection between piston rod and shoe may not be fixed but on the contrary articulated, allowing for example a different inclination of the axes of the shoe ramps and the axes of the jacks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a device arranged for example between a liner (10) and a shaft (12) comprising several hydraulic actuators or groups of hydraulic actuators (40, 42) for actuating the wedge-shaped shoes (20), interposed between corresponding surfaces (22, 24) respectively cylindrical and planar borne by the lining (10) and the shaft (12). Appropriate powering or connecting to the tank the different groups of actuators enable to offset the shaft (12) radially in the desired direction. If the shaft should rotate relative to the lining (10), a cradle mounted on the mechanical bearings is interposed between the shaft and the shoes. The invention is applicable to controlled drilling devices (oil industry, civil engineering)

Description

STABILISATEUR REGLABLE POUR LE FORAGE DIRECTIONNEL ADJUSTABLE STABILIZER FOR DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
La présente invention concerne les dispositifs permettant de déplacer radialement l'un par rapport à l'autre deux organes disposés l'un à l'intérieur de l'autre, de tels dispositifs trouvant notamment application dans des installations de forage dirigé. On est amené, dans des installations de recherche pétrolière, de génie civil ou autre, à exécuter des forages selon des trajectoires complexes et précises et divers dispositifs peuvent être utilisés pour orienter l'outil de forage dans la direction souhaitée. On a en particulier déjà utilisé des dispositifs à double excentrique, ou des vérins gonflables ou radiaux. Ces dispositifs connus offrent des inconvénients qui leur sont spécifiques : les dispositifs à double excentrique sont relativement complexes et par conséquent coûteux et peu fiables ; les dispositifs à vérins radiaux ont un encombrement radial important pour une course relativement faible ; quant aux dispositifs à vérins gonflables ils ont notamment une mauvaise tenue en température. Le but de cette invention est de fournir un dispositif qui permette pour l'essentiel de remédier à ces divers inconvénients et qui, en particulier, procure une course suffisante, soit compact et de construction relativement simple, de façon à pouvoir fonctionner dans un environnement difficile, pour ce qui concerne notamment l'encombrement, la température et les vibrations. A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif permettant de déplacer radialement l'un par rapport à l'autre deux organes, respectivement intérieur et extérieur, disposés l'un dans l'autre et sensiblement coaxiaux dans une position neutre, ce dispositif étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend plusieurs sabots d'actionnement en forme de coins, disposés et répartis angulairement dans un intervalle annulaire délimité entre les deux organes intérieur et extérieur, chaque sabot étant en contact avec deux surfaces d'appui portées respectivement l'une par l'organe extérieur et l'autre par l'organe intérieur et dont l'une au moins est inclinée par rapport à l'axe commun (en position neutre) aux deux organes et étant actionné par un vérin hydraulique, chaque vérin comportant un corps délimité dans l'organe extérieur et une tige de piston reliée au sabot associé. Suivant d'autres caractéristiques : - il comporte plusieurs groupes de plusieurs ensembles sabot-vérin, ces groupes étant régulièrement répartis angulairement autour de l'axe commun (en position neutre) aux deux organes ;The present invention relates to devices making it possible to radially move one relative to the other two members arranged one inside the other, such devices finding application in particular in directional drilling installations. It is necessary, in petroleum research, civil engineering or other installations, to carry out drilling along complex and precise trajectories and various devices can be used to orient the drilling tool in the desired direction. In particular, double eccentric devices or inflatable or radial jacks have already been used. These known devices offer drawbacks which are specific to them: double eccentric devices are relatively complex and therefore expensive and unreliable; the devices with radial jacks have a large radial size for a relatively small stroke; as for the devices with inflatable jacks, they notably have poor temperature resistance. The object of this invention is to provide a device which essentially makes it possible to remedy these various drawbacks and which, in particular, provides sufficient travel, ie compact and of relatively simple construction, so as to be able to operate in a difficult environment , especially with regard to space, temperature and vibrations. To this end, the subject of the invention is a device making it possible to radially move one relative to the other two members, respectively interior and exterior, arranged one inside the other and substantially coaxial in a neutral position, this device being characterized in that it comprises several wedge-shaped actuating shoes, arranged and distributed angularly in an annular gap delimited between the two interior and exterior members, each shoe being in contact with two bearing surfaces carried respectively l '' one by the external member and the other by the internal member and at least one of which is inclined relative to the common axis (in neutral position) to the two members and being actuated by a hydraulic cylinder, each cylinder comprising a body delimited in the external member and a piston rod connected to the associated shoe. According to other characteristics: - It comprises several groups of several shoe-jack assemblies, these groups being regularly distributed angularly around the common axis (in neutral position) to the two bodies;
- les surfaces d'appui ménagées dans l'organe extérieur sont cylindriques, de section circulaire et ont leur axes inclinés par rapport à l'axe de l'organe extérieur ; les surfaces des sabots, en contact avec ces surfaces d'appui, ont une forme complémentaire, et leurs vérins d'actionnement sont coaxiaux auxdites surfaces d'appui ;- The bearing surfaces formed in the external member are cylindrical, of circular section and have their axes inclined relative to the axis of the external member; the surfaces of the shoes, in contact with these bearing surfaces, have a complementary shape, and their actuating cylinders are coaxial with said bearing surfaces;
- l'organe intérieur comporte des méplats délimitant des surfaces d'appui sensiblement parallèles à l'axe de cet organe intérieur et chaque sabot comporte une face plane correspondante ;- The internal member has flats delimiting bearing surfaces substantially parallel to the axis of this internal member and each shoe has a corresponding flat face;
- des ressorts de rappel sont disposés entre l'organe intérieur et les sabots et tendent à ramener ces sabots vers leur position correspondant à la position neutre du dispositif ; et - l'organe intérieur est un arbre monté rotatif dans un berceau qui coopère avec les sabots.- return springs are arranged between the internal member and the shoes and tend to bring these shoes back to their position corresponding to the neutral position of the device; and - the internal member is a shaft rotatably mounted in a cradle which cooperates with the shoes.
L'invention a aussi pour objet un dispositif de forage dirigé (pétrolier, génie civil ou autre) .comprenant une chemise tubulaire extérieure, un arbre s'étendant, en position neutre, coaxialement à l'intérieur de ladite chemise, en étant soutenu dans cette chemise, à une extrémité par une articulation à rotule, et à l'autre extrémité par un palier ou une articulation à rotule, des moyens étant prévus, entre la chemise et l'arbre, pour décaler radialement ce dernier, en un point intermédiaire entre lesdites extrémités afin de le fléchir dans un plan déterminé, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens comprennent au moins un dispositif tel que défini ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a directional drilling device (petroleum, civil engineering or other). Comprising an outer tubular jacket, a shaft extending, in neutral position, coaxially inside said jacket, being supported in this jacket, at one end by a ball joint, and at the other end by a bearing or a ball joint, means being provided, between the jacket and the shaft, for radially shifting the latter, at an intermediate point between said ends in order to flex it in a determined plane, characterized in that said means comprise at least one device as defined above.
L'invention va être décrite plus en détail ci-dessous en se référant aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples et sur lesquels :The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, given solely by way of examples and in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention, occupant sa position neutre, cette coupe étant effectuée suivant la ligne 1-1 de la figure 2 ;- Figure 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention, occupying its neutral position, this section being taken along line 1-1 of Figure 2;
- les figures 2 et 3 sont, respectivement des vues en coupe suivant les lignes 2-2 et 3-3 de la figure 1 ; - la figure 4 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 1 représentant le dispositif dans une position décalée ;- Figures 2 and 3 are, respectively, sectional views along lines 2-2 and 3-3 of Figure 1; - Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 1 showing the device in an offset position;
- les figures 5 à 8 représentent quatre variantes de schémas hydrauliques d'alimentation des vérins d'actionnement du dispositif représenté aux figures 1 à 4 ;- Figures 5 to 8 show four variants of hydraulic supply diagrams for actuating cylinders of the device shown in Figures 1 to 4;
- les figures 9 à 11 représentent trois variantes de réalisation ; et- Figures 9 to 11 show three alternative embodiments; and
- les figures 12 et 13 représentent schématiquement deux variantes d'un dispositif de forage dirigé équipé d'un dispositif selon l'invention.- Figures 12 and 13 schematically represent two variants of a directional drilling device equipped with a device according to the invention.
On voit sur les figures 1 à 3 un organe tubulaire extérieur 10 dans lequel s'étend un organe intérieur 12 constitué dans cet exemple par un arbre creux, les organes 10 et 12 étant normalement réalisés en acier ou autre matériau approprié.We see in Figures 1 to 3 an outer tubular member 10 in which extends an inner member 12 formed in this example by a hollow shaft, the members 10 and 12 being normally made of steel or other suitable material.
Dans la position neutre représentée à la figure 1 , les deux organes 10 et 12 sont coaxiaux d'axe X-X. Le dispositif selon l'invention, disposé entre l'organe extérieur 10 et l'organe intérieur 12 comprend trois groupes de deux sabots 20, ces trois groupes étant répartis angulairement de façon régulière autour de l'axe X-X, donc à 120°. Chaque sabot a une forme générale en coin et est en contact avec deux surfaces d'appui délimitées l'une 22 par l'organe extérieur 10 et l'autre 24 par l'arbre intérieur 12.In the neutral position shown in Figure 1, the two members 10 and 12 are coaxial with axis X-X. The device according to the invention, arranged between the external member 10 and the internal member 12 comprises three groups of two shoes 20, these three groups being distributed angularly in a regular manner around the axis X-X, therefore at 120 °. Each shoe has a general wedge shape and is in contact with two bearing surfaces delimited one 22 by the external member 10 and the other 24 by the internal shaft 12.
La surface d'appui 22 délimitée par l'organe extérieur est constituée par une portion de cylindre de section circulaire et dont l'axe Y-Y est incliné par rapport à l'axe X-X. Les axes de ces surfaces d'appui cylindriques, associées chacune à un sabot constituent des génératrices d'un cône de révolution d'axe X-X. L'angle formé entre un axe Y-Y et l'axe X-X est compris entre 5 et 30° et de • préférence entre 10 et 20°.The bearing surface 22 delimited by the external member is constituted by a cylinder portion of circular section and whose axis YY is inclined relative to the axis XX. The axes of these cylindrical bearing surfaces, each associated with a shoe constitute generators of a cone of revolution of axis XX. The angle formed between an axis YY and the axis XX is between 5 and 30 ° and preferably • between 10 and 20 °.
La surface 26 du sabot, en contact avec la surface 22 offre la même forme cylindrique, de sorte que le sabot peut à la fois coulisser et tourner par rapport au logement 22 dans lequel il est reçu. La face 28 de chaque sabot dirigée vers l'arbre 12 est. plane et est en contact avec une surface d'appui 24, constituée par un méplat- ménagé sur l'arbre 12. Des rainures 30, 32 sont ménagées à la surface des méplats 24 de l'arbre 12, ainsi que dans la paroi en regard 28 des sabots 20, de façon à délimiter un logement et deux surfaces de butée 34, 36, pour des ressorts 38.The surface 26 of the shoe, in contact with the surface 22 has the same cylindrical shape, so that the shoe can both slide and rotate relative to the housing 22 in which it is received. The face 28 of each shoe directed towards the shaft 12 is. plane and is in contact with a bearing surface 24, constituted by a flat formed on the shaft 12. Grooves 30, 32 are formed on the surface of the flat 24 the shaft 12, as well as in the facing wall 28 of the shoes 20, so as to delimit a housing and two abutment surfaces 34, 36, for springs 38.
Chaque sabot est actionné par un vérin hydraulique 40 haute pression coaxial à la surface cylindrique 22. La partie cylindre 42 de chaque vérin est délimitée dans l'organe extérieur 10 et la partie piston et tige de piston 44 est solidaire du sabot 20. Les ensembles pistons-sabots peuvent être réalisés en bronze ou autre matériau approprié aux constructions hydrauliques.Each shoe is actuated by a high pressure hydraulic cylinder 40 coaxial with the cylindrical surface 22. The cylinder part 42 of each cylinder is delimited in the external member 10 and the piston and piston rod part 44 is integral with the shoe 20. The assemblies Piston-shoes can be made of bronze or other material suitable for hydraulic constructions.
Ces vérins sont de préférence des vérins à simple effet, de façon à simplifier leur construction et leur commande.These jacks are preferably single-acting jacks, so as to simplify their construction and their control.
Ils sont alimentés par des moyens hydrauliques, dont des réalisations vont être décrites en se référant aux figures 5 à 8, la pièce extérieure 10 pouvant servir de bloc foré, cette technique étant bien connue dans ce secteur.They are supplied by hydraulic means, whose embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8, the external part 10 being able to serve as a drilled block, this technique being well known in this sector.
La description des schémas représentés aux figures 5 à 8 suffit pour l'homme du métier qui dispose des connaissances nécessaires pour mettre ces schémas en oeuvre et alimenter correctement l'ensemble des vérins 40.The description of the diagrams shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 is sufficient for those skilled in the art who have the knowledge necessary to implement these diagrams and correctly supply all of the jacks 40.
Le schéma représenté à la figure 5 comprend une centrale hydraulique 50 équipée par exemple d'une pompe à barillet, qui peut être réglée à une pression comprise par exemple entre 200 et 400 bars. Chacun des groupes de vérins d'actionnement 40 (dont deux sont visibles sur la figure 5) est alimenté par une électrovanne à trois voies 52.The diagram shown in Figure 5 includes a hydraulic unit 50 equipped for example with a barrel pump, which can be adjusted to a pressure of for example between 200 and 400 bars. Each of the groups of actuating cylinders 40 (two of which are visible in FIG. 5) is supplied by a three-way solenoid valve 52.
Chaque groupe de vérins est par ailleurs équipé d'un clapet de surpression 54 afin d'éviter les surcharges dans l'ensemble des organes mécaniques. Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 6, chaque groupe de vérins d'actionnement 40 est commandé par un circuit alimenté à partir de la centrale hydraulique 50 et comprenant deux électrovannes 60, 62 à deux voies, normalement fermées. Comme dans le cas de la figure 5, chaque circuit d'alimentation d'un groupe de vérins est équipé d'un clapet de surpression 54. Dans la variante.de schéma hydraulique de la figure 7, chaque groupe de vérins d'actionnement 40 est alimenté à partir de la centrale hydraulique 50 par un circuit comprenant deux électrovannes 70, 72, à deux voies, normalement ouvertes. Là encore, un clapet de surpression 54 est prévu dans chaque circuit d'alimentation de chaque groupe de vérins.Each group of cylinders is also equipped with a pressure relief valve 54 in order to avoid overloads in all of the mechanical members. In the embodiment of Figure 6, each group of actuating cylinders 40 is controlled by a circuit supplied from the hydraulic unit 50 and comprising two solenoid valves 60, 62 two-way, normally closed. As in the case of FIG. 5, each supply circuit of a group of cylinders is equipped with a pressure relief valve 54. In the variant of the hydraulic diagram of FIG. 7, each group of actuating cylinders 40 is supplied from the hydraulic unit 50 by a circuit comprising two solenoid valves 70, 72, two-way, normally open. Again, a pressure relief valve 54 is provided in each supply circuit of each group of cylinders.
Enfin dans le schéma de la figure 8, chaque groupe de vérins d'actionnement 40 est alimenté à partir de la centrale hydraulique 50 par un circuit comprenant une électrovanne à deux voies 80, normalement fermée, et une électrovanne à deux voies 82, normalement ouverte, chaque circuit étant comme précédemment muni d'un clapet de surpression 54.Finally, in the diagram of FIG. 8, each group of actuating cylinders 40 is supplied from the hydraulic unit 50 by a circuit comprising a two-way solenoid valve 80, normally closed, and a two-way solenoid valve 82, normally open , each circuit being as previously provided with a pressure relief valve 54.
Le choix du type d'électrovannes est fonction notamment des types de fonctionnement recherchés en modes dégradés ou en d'autres termes de la configuration qui est souhaitée pour le dispositif en cas de panne du dispositif d'alimentation, pour obtenir la meilleure sécurité et/ou la consommation la plus faible.The choice of the type of solenoid valve depends in particular on the types of operation sought in degraded modes or in other words the configuration which is desired for the device in the event of failure of the supply device, in order to obtain the best safety and / or the lowest consumption.
Le fonctionnement d'un dispositif tel que décrit aux figures 1 à 4 est le suivant : Dans la position neutre représentée à la figure 1 , les deux organes extérieur et intérieur sont coaxiaux d'axe X-X.The operation of a device as described in Figures 1 to 4 is as follows: In the neutral position shown in Figure 1, the two external and internal members are coaxial with axis X-X.
Si l'on souhaite décaler radialement ces deux organes l'un par rapport à l'autre, et en particulier si l'on souhaite décaler radialement l'arbre 12, l'organe extérieur 10 étant considéré comme fixe, il suffit d'alimenter convenablement les vérins 40, certains de ces vérins étant alimentés de façon à provoquer la sortie des pistons et des sabots dont ils sont solidaires, tandis que pour d'autres vérins on réalise une mise à la bâche, les pistons et les sabots associés se déplaçant alors vers l'arrière du vérin, c'est-à-dire vers la droite en considérant la figure 1 , sous l'action des ressorts 38. L'alimentation ou la mise à la bâche des différents vérins s'effectue en fonction de la direction dans laquelle on souhaite déplacer radialement l'arbre 12. Les sabots 20 qui sont amenés à se déplacer vers la gauche en considérant la figure 1 , provoquent du fait de leur forme en coin, un déplacement radial de l'organe intérieur et un décalage de l'axe X'-X de l'arbre 12 par rapport à l'axe X-X, comme représenté sur la figure .4. Ce déplacement, pour une course des sabots de 24 mm, est de 4 mm environ pour un angle d'inclinaison de 10° des vérins 40 et de 6,2 mm environ pour un angle de 15°. Ce déplacement des sabots est effectué à rencontre de l'action des ressorts de rappel 38, la présence de tels ressorts de rappel permettant d'utiliser des vérins à simple effet, plus simples et plus fiables que des vérins à double effet. Le fait que les sabots puissent tourner librement autour des axes Y-Y par rapport à l'organe extérieur 10 permet de maintenir un bon contact entre les faces planes 24, 28, quelle que soit la position relative des organes 0 et 12.If one wishes to offset these two members radially with respect to each other, and in particular if one wishes to offset the shaft 12 radially, the external member 10 being considered to be fixed, it suffices to supply suitably the jacks 40, some of these jacks being supplied so as to cause the exit of the pistons and the shoes of which they are integral, while for other jacks a covering is made, the pistons and the associated shoes moving then towards the rear of the jack, that is to say to the right when considering FIG. 1, under the action of the springs 38. The supply or the covering of the various jacks is carried out according to the direction in which it is desired to move the shaft 12 radially. The shoes 20 which are caused to move to the left when considering FIG. 1, cause, because of their wedge shape, a radial displacement of the internal member and a X'-X axis offset of the shaft 12 relative to the axis XX, as shown in Figure .4. This displacement, for a stroke of the shoes of 24 mm, is approximately 4 mm for an angle of inclination of 10 ° of the jacks 40 and approximately 6.2 mm for an angle of 15 °. This movement of the shoes is carried out against the action of the return springs 38, the presence of such return springs making it possible to use single-acting cylinders, simpler and more reliable than double-acting cylinders. The fact that the shoes can rotate freely around the axes YY relative to the external member 10 makes it possible to maintain good contact between the planar faces 24, 28, whatever the relative position of the members 0 and 12.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 9, la seule différence par rapport au mode de réalisation précédent, réside dans la présence d'un patin à aiguilles 90 interposé entre les surfaces planes en regard 24, 28 de l'arbre 12 et des sabots 20.In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the only difference compared to the previous embodiment, lies in the presence of a needle shoe 90 interposed between the facing flat surfaces 24, 28 of the shaft 12 and of the shoes 20.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 10, l'arbre intérieur 12 est monté rotatif au moyen de paliers 100, 102 dans un berceau annulaire 104. C'est ce berceau qui coopère avec les sabots 20 pour provoquer le déplacement radial de l'arbre intérieur. A cet effet, il comporte des méplats ainsi que des rainures adaptées pour recevoir les ressorts 38, comme décrit à propos du premier mode de réalisation. Comme dans le cas de la figure 9, un patin à aiguilles peut aussi être interposé entre les faces en regard des sabots 20 et du berceau 104.In the embodiment of Figure 10, the inner shaft 12 is rotatably mounted by means of bearings 100, 102 in an annular cradle 104. It is this cradle which cooperates with the shoes 20 to cause the radial displacement of the inner tree. To this end, it has flats as well as grooves adapted to receive the springs 38, as described in connection with the first embodiment. As in the case of FIG. 9, a needle shoe can also be interposed between the facing faces of the shoes 20 and of the cradle 104.
Un tel mode de réalisation est préféré lorsque l'organe intérieur 12 est un arbre lui-même entraîné en rotation, ainsi que cela est le cas dans les dispositifs de forage.Such an embodiment is preferred when the internal member 12 is a shaft itself driven in rotation, as is the case in drilling devices.
On a représenté à la figure 11 une autre variante d'un dispositif suivant l'invention, selon laquelle deux dispositifs tels que décrits aux figures 1 à 4. sont disposés tête-bêche ou symétriquement par. rapport à un plan radial P, perpendiculaire à l'axe X-X. Les mêmes ressorts 110 peuvent être utilisés entre deux sabots 20 disposés face à face. Grâce à un tel agencement, la puissance disponible peut être multipliée par deux.FIG. 11 shows another variant of a device according to the invention, according to which two devices as described in FIGS. 1 to 4. are arranged head to tail or symmetrically by. with respect to a radial plane P, perpendicular to the axis X-X. The same springs 110 can be used between two shoes 20 arranged face to face. Thanks to such an arrangement, the available power can be doubled.
On a représenté aux figures 12 et 13 une application particulière d'un dispositif selon l'invention à un équipement de forage dirigé, fonctionnant en mode tournant (ou « rotary »), dans laquelle un outil de forage 120 porté par un arbre 122 doit être orienté suivant la direction souhaitée du puits de forage.FIGS. 12 and 13 show a particular application of a device according to the invention to directional drilling equipment, operating in rotary (or “rotary”) mode, in which a drilling tool 120 carried by a shaft 122 must be oriented in the desired direction of the wellbore.
Dans un tel agencement, une chemise extérieure 124 est bloquée par rapport à la paroi du puits par des moyens d'ancrage 126 et l'arbre rotatif 122 portant l'outil de forage 120 est supporté dans la chemise, à sa partie avant par une rotule 128 et à sa partie arrière par un palier 130 (Figure 12) ou une rotule 132 (Figure 13).In such an arrangement, an outer jacket 124 is blocked relative to the wall of the well by anchoring means 126 and the rotary shaft 122 carrying the drilling tool 120 is supported in the jacket, at its front part by a ball joint 128 and at its rear part by a bearing 130 (Figure 12) or a ball joint 132 (Figure 13).
Un dispositif selon l'invention dans sa réalisation de la figure 10 est disposé dans une zone intermédiaire, entre la chemise et l'arbre, l'ensemble du dispositif étant noyé dans l'huile pour assurer une bonne lubrification. Le dispositif permet de déplacer radialement, localement l'arbre 122, dans un plan déterminé, ce qui provoque sa flexion et une inclinaison de sa partie aval, autorisée par la rotule 128. Le dispositif suivant l'invention présente un encombrement radial faible, sans pour autant que ses capacités de transmission de force et de déplacement radial soient diminuées. Il est facilement adaptable en jouant sur la valeur de l'angle d'inclinaison des vérins. Il est par ailleurs de construction simple et robuste ce qui permet d'envisager une plage d'applications particulièrement large.A device according to the invention in its embodiment of FIG. 10 is arranged in an intermediate zone, between the jacket and the shaft, the whole device being embedded in the oil to ensure good lubrication. The device makes it possible to move the shaft 122 radially, locally, in a determined plane, which causes its bending and an inclination of its downstream part, authorized by the ball joint 128. The device according to the invention has a small radial size, without provided that its force transmission and radial displacement capacities are reduced. It is easily adaptable by adjusting the value of the tilt angle of the cylinders. It is also simple and robust construction which allows to consider a particularly wide range of applications.
En particulier, la disposition des vérins hydrauliques et des coins d'actionnement en partie dans l'épaisseur de l'organe extérieur et dans l'intervalle annulaire délimité entre les deux organes 10 et 12, offre des possibilités de miniaturisation importante. D'autres variantes peuvent bien entendu être envisagées sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention ; en particulier :.In particular, the arrangement of the hydraulic cylinders and of the actuating corners partly in the thickness of the external member and in the annular interval delimited between the two members 10 and 12, offers possibilities of significant miniaturization. Other variants can of course be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention; in particular :.
- le nombre et la disposition des ensembles vérin-sabot d'actionnement peut être modifié ;- the number and arrangement of actuator-shoe sets can be changed;
- le nombre d'ensembles vérin-sabot dans chaque groupe peut être supérieur à deux ;- the number of jack-shoe assemblies in each group can be more than two;
- la liaison entre tige de piston et sabot peut ne pas être fixe mais au contraire articulée, autorisant par exemple une inclinaison différente des axes des rampes des sabots et des axes des vérins. - The connection between piston rod and shoe may not be fixed but on the contrary articulated, allowing for example a different inclination of the axes of the shoe ramps and the axes of the jacks.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif permettant de déplacer radialement l'un par rapport à l'autre deux organes, respectivement intérieur (12) et extérieur (10), disposés l'un dans l'autre et sensiblement coaxiaux (d'axe X-X) dans une position neutre, ce dispositif étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend plusieurs sabots d'actionnement (20) en forme de coins, disposés et répartis angulairement dans un intervalle annulaire délimité entre les deux organes intérieur et extérieur, chaque sabot étant en contact avec deux surfaces d'appui (22, 24) portées respectivement l'une par l'organe extérieur 10 et l'autre par l'organe intérieur (12) et dont l'une au moins est inclinée par rapport à l'axe commun (en position neutre) aux deux organes, et étant actionné par un vérin hydraulique (40), chaque vérin comportant un corps (42) délimité dans l'organe extérieur (10) et une tige de piston (44) reliée au sabot (20) associé. 1. Device making it possible to radially move one relative to the other two members, respectively interior (12) and exterior (10), arranged one inside the other and substantially coaxial (of axis XX) in a position neutral, this device being characterized in that it comprises several actuating shoes (20) in the form of wedges, arranged and distributed angularly in an annular interval delimited between the two internal and external members, each shoe being in contact with two surfaces support (22, 24) carried respectively one by the external member 10 and the other by the internal member (12) and of which at least one is inclined relative to the common axis (in position neutral) to the two members, and being actuated by a hydraulic cylinder (40), each cylinder comprising a body (42) delimited in the external member (10) and a piston rod (44) connected to the associated shoe (20).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte plusieurs ensembles sabot-vérin, régulièrement répartis angulairement autour de l'axe commun (en position neutre) aux deux organes.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises several shoe-jack assemblies, regularly distributed angularly around the common axis (in neutral position) to the two members.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte plusieurs groupes de plusieurs ensembles sabot-vérin, ces groupes étant régulièrement répartis angulairement autour de l'axe commun (en position neutre) aux deux organes.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises several groups of several shoe-jack assemblies, these groups being regularly distributed angularly around the common axis (in neutral position) to the two bodies.
4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'appui (22) ménagées dans l'organe extérieur (10) sont cylindriques, de section circulaire et ont leur axes (Y-Y) inclinés par rapport à l'axe (X-X) de l'organe extérieur ; les surfaces (26) des sabots (20), en contact avec ces surfaces d'appui, ont une forme complémentaire, et leurs vérins d'actionnement (40) sont coaxiaux auxdites surfaces d'appui (22).4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bearing surfaces (22) formed in the external member (10) are cylindrical, of circular section and have their axes (YY) inclined by relation to the axis (XX) of the external member; the surfaces (26) of the shoes (20), in contact with these bearing surfaces, have a complementary shape, and their actuating cylinders (40) are coaxial with said bearing surfaces (22).
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'organe intérieur (12) comporte des méplats (24) délimitant des surfaces d'appui sensiblement parallèles à l'axe de cet organe intérieur et chaque sabot (20) comporte une face plane (28) correspondante. 5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inner member (12) has flats (24) delimiting bearing surfaces substantially parallel to the axis of this inner member and each shoe (20) has a corresponding flat face (28).
6. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que des ressorts de rappel (38) sont disposés entre l'organe intérieur (12) et les sabots (20) et tendent à ramener ces sabots vers leur position correspondant a la position neutre du dispositif. 6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that return springs (38) are arranged between the internal member (12) and the shoes (20) and tend to bring these shoes back to their position corresponding to the neutral position of the device.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que des rainures (30, 32) sont ménagées dans les faces en regard (24, 28) de l'organe intérieur (12) et des sabots (20) pour délimiter un logement et des surfaces d'appui (34, 36) pour les ressorts de rappel (38).7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that grooves (30, 32) are formed in the facing faces (24, 28) of the internal member (12) and of the shoes (20) to delimit a housing and bearing surfaces (34, 36) for the return springs (38).
8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un patin à aiguilles (90) est interposé entre chaque sabot8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a needle shoe (90) is interposed between each shoe
(20) et l'organe intérieur (12 ; 104).(20) and the internal organ (12; 104).
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'organe intérieur (12) est un arbre monté rotatif dans un berceau (104) qui coopère avec les sabots (20). 9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the inner member (12) is a shaft rotatably mounted in a cradle (104) which cooperates with the shoes (20).
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est double, et comporte en fait deux dispositifs disposés symétriquement par rapport à un plan radial (P).10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is double, and in fact comprises two devices arranged symmetrically with respect to a radial plane (P).
11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un même ressort (110) agit sur deux sabots (20) opposés. 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the same spring (110) acts on two opposite shoes (20).
12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 , caractérisé en ce que chaque sabot est solidaire de la tige de piston associé.12. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that each shoe is integral with the associated piston rod.
13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 , caractérisé en ce que chaque sabot est articulé sur la tige de piston associée.13. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that each shoe is articulated on the associated piston rod.
14. Dispositif de forage pétrolier ou autre comprenant une chemise tubulaire extérieure (124), un arbre (122) s'étendant, en position neutre, coaxialement à l'intérieur de ladite chemise, en étant soutenu dans cette chemise, à une extrémité par une articulation à rotule (128), et à l'autre extrémité par un palier (130) ou une articulation à rotule (132), des moyens étant prévus, entre la chemise et l'arbre, pour décaler radialement ce dernier, en un point intermédiaire entre lesdites extrémités, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens comprennent au moins un dispositif tel que défini aux revendications 1 à 13. 14. An oil or other drilling device comprising an outer tubular jacket (124), a shaft (122) extending, in a neutral position, coaxially inside said jacket, being supported in this jacket, at one end by a ball joint (128), and at the other end by a bearing (130) or a ball joint (132), means being provided, between the jacket and the shaft, for radially shifting the latter, in a intermediate point between said ends, characterized in that said means comprise at least one device as defined in claims 1 to 13.
PCT/FR2001/002678 2000-08-29 2001-08-27 Adjustable stabiliser for directional drilling WO2002018739A1 (en)

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AU2001286014A AU2001286014A1 (en) 2000-08-29 2001-08-27 Adjustable stabiliser for directional drilling

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FR0011036A FR2813340B1 (en) 2000-08-29 2000-08-29 DEVICE FOR RADIALLY MOVING TWO ORGANS IN RELATION TO ONE ANOTHER AND DRILLING DEVICE INCLUDING APPLICATION
FR00/11036 2000-08-29

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2445862A (en) * 2007-01-16 2008-07-23 Weatherford Lamb Stabiliser with stabilisers movable along an offset axis relative to the stabiliser body

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5131479A (en) * 1990-03-07 1992-07-21 Institut Francais Du Petrole Rotary drilling device comprising means for adjusting the azimuth angle of the path of the drilling tool and corresponding drilling process
US5423388A (en) * 1994-08-08 1995-06-13 Hale; Robert G. Direction controllable subsurface borehole tool
US5836406A (en) * 1995-05-19 1998-11-17 Telejet Technologies, Inc. Adjustable stabilizer for directional drilling
US5836407A (en) * 1994-06-15 1998-11-17 Leroy; Andre Articulated tool for drilling oil, gas geothermal wells

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5131479A (en) * 1990-03-07 1992-07-21 Institut Francais Du Petrole Rotary drilling device comprising means for adjusting the azimuth angle of the path of the drilling tool and corresponding drilling process
US5836407A (en) * 1994-06-15 1998-11-17 Leroy; Andre Articulated tool for drilling oil, gas geothermal wells
US5423388A (en) * 1994-08-08 1995-06-13 Hale; Robert G. Direction controllable subsurface borehole tool
US5836406A (en) * 1995-05-19 1998-11-17 Telejet Technologies, Inc. Adjustable stabilizer for directional drilling

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2445862A (en) * 2007-01-16 2008-07-23 Weatherford Lamb Stabiliser with stabilisers movable along an offset axis relative to the stabiliser body
GB2445862B (en) * 2007-01-16 2011-06-08 Weatherford Lamb Apparatus and method for stabilization of downhole tools
US8082988B2 (en) 2007-01-16 2011-12-27 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Apparatus and method for stabilization of downhole tools

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FR2813340B1 (en) 2002-12-06
FR2813340A1 (en) 2002-03-01

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