UV CURABLE COATING COMPOSITION AND OPTICAL RECORDING MEDIUM USING THE SAME
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a UV curable coating composition and an optical recording medium, and more particularly, to a UV curable coating composition for use in forming an ink-receiving layer that is needed for ink jet printing and an optical recording medium coated with the UV curable coating composition. Background Art
Water soluble ink used for ink jet printing is sprayed onto a recording medium through a nozzle of a printer head and spontaneously dried and fixed to display characters or images on the recording medium. Recently, ink jet printing methods for printing characters and images on a variety of recording media using such water soluble ink have been widely used for the advantages of high economical value, easy coloration, high-speed printing, low-noise generation, and sharp output of characters and images. Ink jet printing can be carried out with general printing paper, but preferably with recording media including paper specified for ink jet printing to improve printing characteristics, such as the resolution of the printed characters and images, wherein the recording media specified for ink jet printing have on their surface an ink-receiving layer capable of sufficiently absorbing water soluble ink to improve the sharpness of printed images.
Paper can be easily applied as a recording medium for ink jet printing because it has an inherent hydrophilic surface, and deposition of an ink-receiving layer thereon is also easy. However, it is difficult to apply the ink jet printing method on the surface of glass, metal, and
plastic media which have hydrophobic properties. To enable ink jet printing of recording media having no ink-absorption surface, many attempts to form an ink-receiving layer on such recording media have been tried. For example, Korea Laid-open Publication No. 99-29618 discloses a recording medium having an ink-receiving layer containing hydrophilic resin and a cationic compound. However, this recording medium has a weak wet-endurance, and the surface of the recording medium remains sticky such that that the output quality of data degrades. International Publication No. 99/16835 discloses a radioactive ray curable compound including single and multifunctional (meth)acrylic monomers and an ink-receiving layer including ink-absorptive inorganic or organic filler. This disclosure is limited by slow drying rate and poor resolution.
Disclosure of the Invention
It is a first object of the present invention to provide a UV curable coating composition with improved adhesion to a substrate, improved absorptive and adsorptive properties of water soluble ink used for ink jet printing, and improved drying efficiency and water resistance. It is a second object of the present invention to provide an optical recording medium using the above coating composition.
To achieve the first object of the present invention, there is provided a UV curable coating composition comprising 100 parts by weight (meth)acrylate monomer, 150-250 parts by weight (meth)acrylate oligomer, and 10-100 parts by weight N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone.
It is preferable that the UV curable coating composition further comprises 30-150 parts by weight an inorganic pigment and 50-150 parts by weight an organic pigment, based on 100 parts by weight the (meth)acrylate monomer. Mono- or multi-functional (meth)acrylate monomers can used in
the present invention without limitations. Suitable (meth)acrylate monomers include alkyl(meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylonitrile, (meth)acrylamide, N-substituted (meth)acrylamide, N-methylol(meth)acrylamide, hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, carboxyethyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acryloylmorpholine, ethylene glycol mono(meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl(meth)acrylamide, tetrahydrofurfuryl(meth)acrylate, ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethyleleglycol di(meth)acrylate, 1 ,6-hexane glycol di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol (meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, and t methylolpropane di(meth)acrylate. Also, mixtures of at least two of the materials listed above can be used.
The alkyl(meth)acrylate may be methyl(meth)acrylate, ethyl(meth)acrylate, propyl(meth)acrylate, n-butyl(meth)acrylate, or t-butyl(meth)acrylate. More preferably, monomers having hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, amino group, morpholino group, and tetrahydrofurfuryl group are used.
More preferably, the (meth)acrylate monomer is alkyl(meth) acrylate, hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate, ethylene glycol mono(meth) acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl(meth)acrylate, or polyethylene glycol di(meth) acrylate.
The (meth)acrylate monomer is used as a diluent for easy handling of the coating composition.
Mono- or multi-functional (meth)acrylate oligomers can used in the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention without limitations. Suitable (meth)acrylate oligomers include alkyl(meth)acrylate oligomer, (meth)acrylic acid oligomer, (meth) acrylonitrile oligomer, (meth)acrylamide oligomer, N-substituted (meth)
acrylamide oligomer, N-methylol(meth)acrylamide oligomer, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate oligomer, carboxyethyl(meth)acrylate oligomer, (meth) acryloylmorpholine oligomer, ethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate oligomer, diethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate oligomer, polyethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate oligomer, dimethylaminopropyl(meth) acrylamide oligomer, tetrahydrofurfuryl(meth)acrylate oligomer, ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate oligomer, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate oligomer, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate oligomer, 1 ,6-hexane glycol di(meth)acrylate oligomer, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate oligomer, pentaerythritol (meth)acrylate oligomer, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate oligomer, and trimethylolpropane di(meth)acrylate oligomer. Also, mixtures of at least two of the materials listed above can be used.
The alkyl(meth)acrylate oligomer may be methyl(meth)acrylate oligomer, ethyl(meth)acrylate oligomer, propyl(meth)acrylate oligomer, n-butyl(meth)acrylate oligomer, or t-butyl(meth)acrylate oligomer. More preferably, oligomers having hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, amino group, morpholino group, and tetrahydrofurfuryl group are used. More preferably, the (meth)acrylate oligomer is alkyl(meth) acrylate oligomer, hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate oligomer, carboxyethyl (meth)acrylate oligomer, diethylene glycol mono(meth) acrylate oligomer, ethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate oligomer, tetrahydrofurfuryl(meth) acrylate oligomer, or polyethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate oligomer. The (meth)acrylate oligomer used in the present invention acts as a binder of a function material to an object. In the UV curable coating composition, it is preferable that the (meth)acrylate oligomer is added in an amount of 150-250 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight the (meth)acrylate monomer. If the amount of the (meth)acrylate oligomer is less than 150 parts by weight, ink bleeding is likely to occur. If the
amount of the (meth)acrylate oligomer exceeds 120 parts by weight, drying properties become poor.
Preferably, the (meth)acrylate oligomer has an average molecular weight of 500-10,000, and more preferably 700-5,000. The N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone used in the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention makes a pigment and oligomers miscible in the coating composition and increases UV curing rate. The N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone also acts to increase the adhesion of a dye. It is preferable that the N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in an amount of 10-100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight the (meth)acrylate monomer. If the amount of the N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone exceeds 100 parts by weight, the viscosity of the coating composition becomes too low. If the amount of the N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is less than 10 parts by weight, the UV curing rate becomes slow. Any inorganic pigment can be used in the UV curable coating composition without limitations. Suitable inorganic pigments include alumina, silica gel, silica-alumina, talc, diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, zeolite, kaolin, barium sulfate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, zinc carbonate, saturn white, aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, synthetic amorphous silica, colloidal silica, colloidal alumina, pseudoboehmite, aluminum hydroxide, lithopone, magnesium carbonate, and magnesium hydroxide. Also, mixtures of at least two of the inorganic pigments listed above can be used. Preferably, the inorganic pigment is used in an amount of 30-150 parts by weight based upon 100 parts by weight the (meth)acrylate monomer. If the amount of the inorganic pigment is less than 30 parts by weight, the degree of water absorption decreases. If the amount of the inorganic pigment exceeds 150 parts by weight, the viscosity of the coating composition become too high. A mixture of kaolin and calcium carbonate is more preferred than the other inorganic
pigments listed above.
Any organic pigment can be used in the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention without limitations. Suitable organic pigments include styrene-based plastic pigment, acrylic plastic pigment, polyethylene, microcapsule, urea resin, melamine resin.
Also, mixtures of at least two of the organic pigments listed above can be used. It is preferable that the organic pigment is used in an amount of
50-150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight the (meth)acrylate monomer. If the amount of the organic pigment is less than 50 parts by weight, the degree of water absorption decreases. If the amount of the organic pigment exceeds 150 parts by weight, the viscosity of the coating composition becomes too high. Polymethylene urea is more preferred than the other organic pigments listed above.
It is preferable that the UV curable coating composition comprises a photopolymerization initiator because it is polymerized by UV radiation. Suitable photopolymerization initiators include photopolymerization initiators , widely used in the art without limitations, for example, α-hydroxyketone, acetophenone, benzoin, benzophenone, and thioxanthone. Also, mixtures of at least two of the materials listed above can be used as a photopolymerization initiator. It is preferable that the photopolymerization initiator is used in an amount of 5-30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight the (meth)acrylate monomer. If the amount of the photopolymerization initiator is less than 5 parts by weight, the UV curing rate decreases. If the amount of the photopolymerization initiator exceeds 30 parts by weight, the UV curable coating composition is excessively cured. α-Hydroxyketone is more preferable than the other photopolymerization initiators listed above.
In the preparation of the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention, a surfactant or a dispersing agent is preferably added to decrease the attraction between constituent
compounds so that the pigments are smoothly dispersed in the coating composition with increased stability of the coated layer. Suitable surfactants or dispersing agents include modified polyacrylate, acidic polyester polyamide, unsaturated polyamide, carboxylate, and hydroxy functional unsaturated modified carboxylic acid. It is preferable that the surfactant or the dispersing agent is used in an amount of 5-50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight the (meth)acrylate monomer. If the amount of the surfactant or the dispersing agent is less than 5 parts by weight, constituent dispensability becomes poor. If the amount of the surfactant or the dispersing agent exceeds 50 parts by weight, ink functionality degrades.
To enhance hydrophilicity, a cross-linking agent may be further added to the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention. Suitable cross-linking agents include methylolmelamine, methylolurea, methylolhydroxypropylene urea, and isocyanate.
To enhance other physical properties, other additives such as a light resistance enhancer, a dye/pigment fixing agent, a thickening agent, a flowability enhancer, an antifoaming agent, a foam inhibitor, a releasing agent, a foaming agent, a permeating agent, a coloring dye, a fluorescent brightener, an anti-staling agent, a dehydrating agent, or a film forming agent can be added selectively and mixed with the UV curable coating composition.
In a preferred embodiment, coating of the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention is followed by UV radiation to polymerize and cure the coated UV curable coating composition. The UV curable coating composition according to the present invention also can be cured by electron beams or by heat followed by UV radiation. It is preferable that UV radiated onto a coated layer has an intensity of 100-500W/inch2 at a wavelength of 250-400 nm. A mercury lamp, which is widely used in the art, can be
used as a UV source. The constituents of the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention are radically polymerized and cured by UV radiation.
An ink-receiving layer can be formed by coating the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention on a surface of a substrate and radiating UV onto the coated UV curable coating composition. The obtained ink-receiving layer allows easy and smooth printing of characters or images by ink jet printing.
Substrates on which the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention can be coated include general recording media, for example, paper, vinyl, glass, and plastic. In particular, the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention is suitable for optical recording media whose use has been rapidly increasing in recent years. Optical recording media generally include a substrate, a recording layer, a reflective layer, and a protective layer. The protective layer of optical recording media is formed of a hydrophobic material such as polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, or acrylic resin. For this reason, it is difficult to obtain good print outputs by applying water soluble ink that is used for ink jet printing on the protective layer of optical recording media. However, when an ink-receiving layer acting as an intermediate layer between the ink and the protective layer of an optical recording medium is formed by coating the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention on the protective layer and radiating UV rays onto the coated composition, high quality outputs can be printed on the recording medium with water soluble ink used for ink jet printing.
Adhesion to hydrophobic substrates, water resistance under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions, ink absorption, safe printability, and long-term preservative quality are required for ink-receiving layers of recording media. An ink-receiving layer
satisfying the requirements above can be formed by using the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention.
Best mode for carrying out the Invention The present invention now will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Example 1 A UV curable coating composition containing the following compounds was mixed in a mixer for 1 hour to obtain a coating solution.
Ethylene glycol monoacrylate 100 parts by weight Ethylene glycol monoacrylate oligomer 200 parts by weight N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone 50 parts by weight α-Hydroxyketone 10 parts by weight
Calcium carbonate 35 parts by weight
Kaolin 35 parts by weight
Polymethylurea 70 parts by weight Modified Polyacrylate 20 parts by weight
The obtained coating solution was coated on the protective layer of a commercially available CD-rewritable disc (Gold/Blue CD-R, SKC,
Korea) by screen printing and cured by radiating UV rays with a mercury lamp (UC LIGHT 36/150) to form an ink-receiving layer having a
thickness of about 15 m on the optical recording medium. Here, the intensity of the UV ramp at the surface of the medium was 2.5 kW.
Example 2 A UV curable coating composition containing the following compounds was mixed in a mixer for 1 hour to obtain a coating solution.
Acrylamide 100 parts by weight
Acrylamide oligomer 200 parts by weight N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone 70 parts by weight α-Hydroxyketone 10 parts by weight
Calcium carbonate 35 parts by weight
Kaolin 35 parts by weight
Polymethylurea 70 parts by weight Modified Polyacrylate 20 parts by weight
The obtained coating solution was coated and polymerized and cured in the same manner as in Example 1 to manufacture a recording medium having an ink-receiving layer.
Example 3
A UV curable coating composition containing the following compounds was mixed in a mixer for 1 hour to obtain a coating solution.
Carboxyethyl methacrylate 100 parts by weight
Carboxyethyl methacrylate oligomer 200 parts by weight
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone 80 parts by weight α-Hydroxyketone 10 parts by weight
Calcium carbonate 35 parts by weight
Kaolin 35 parts by weight
Polymethylurea 70 parts by weight
Modified Polyacrylate 20 parts by weight
The obtained coating solution was coated and polymerized and cured in the same manner as in Example 1 to manufacture a recording medium having an ink-receiving layer.
Comparative Example 1 A UV curable coating composition containing the following compounds was mixed in a mixer for 1 hour to obtain a coating solution.
Carboxyethyl methacrylate 100 parts by weight α-Hydroxyketone 20 parts by weight Calcium carbonate 50 parts by weight
Kaolin 50 parts by weight
Polymethylurea 30 parts by weight
Modified Polyacrylate 10 parts by weight
The obtained coating solution was coated and polymerized and cured in the same manner as in Example 1 to manufacture a recording medium having an ink-receiving layer.
Comparative Example 2 A UV curable coating composition containing the following compounds was mixed in a mixer for 1 hour to obtain a coating solution.
Carboxyethyl methacrylate 100 parts by weight
Carboxyethyl methacrylate oligomer 100 parts by weight α-Hydroxyketone 20 parts by weight
Calcium carbonate 50 parts by weight
Kaolin 50 parts by weight
Polymethylurea 70 parts by weight
Modified Polyacrylate 20 parts by weight
The obtained coating solution was coated and polymerized and cured in the same manner as in Example 1 to manufacture a recording medium having an ink-receiving layer.
Experimental Example 1 : Determination of Surface Characteristics
Characters and images were printed on the surface of the respective optical recording media having the ink-receiving layer, which had been manufactured in Examples 1 through 3 and Comparative
Examples 1 and 2, using a color printer (Signature II, Primera). Then, the printed characters and images were rubbed using fingers to determine the surface characteristics of the optical recording media according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1 .
© : fairly smooth and not sticky o : smooth and not sticky
Δ : smooth but sticky x : rough and sticky
Experimental Example 2: Determination of Ink Absorption Characters and images were printed on the surface of the respective optical recording media having the ink-receiving layer, which had been manufactured in Examples 1 through 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, using a color printer (Signature II, Primera). Then, the printed characters and images were observed using a microscope to
determine the ink absorption of the optical recording media according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1 .
© : no bleeding of ink on the surface o : bleeding of ink on the surface within 0.4 mm or less
Δ : bleeding of ink on the surface within the range of 0.4-0.8 mm x : bleeding of ink on the surface for 0.8 mm or greater
Example 3: Determination of Drying Rate Characters and images were printed on the surface of the respective optical recording media having the ink-receiving layer, which had been manufactured in Examples 1 through 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, using a color printer (Signature II, Primera). Then, the printed characters and images were hand-touched to determine the point of time at which the hands were not stained with undried ink according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table. 1 .
® : ink dried within 30 seconds o : ink dried within 30 seconds to 2 minutes Δ : ink dried within 2-10 minutes x : ink was not dried within 10 minutes
Experimental Example 4: Determination of Water Resistance Characters and images were printed on the surface of the respective optical recording media having the ink-receiving layer, which had been manufactured in Examples 1 through 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, using a color printer (Signature II, Primera). Then, water was flowed for 1 hour over the surface of the respective recording media on which the characters and images had been printed. Changes
in the concentration of the printed characters or images were observed to determine water resistance according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1.
© : not changed
Δ : changed slightly x : changed greatly
Experimental Example 5: Determination of Print Quality Stripes of a variety of colors were printed on the surface of the respective optical recording media having the ink-receiving layer, which had been manufactured in Examples 1 through 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, using a color printer (Signature II, Primera). Then, the surfaces of the optical recording media on which the stripes had been printed were observed to determine print quality according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1.
© : color of the stripes was uniform Δ : color of the stripes was slightly nonuniform x : color of the stripes was greatly nonuniform
Experimental Example 6: Determination of Preservative Quality Characters and images were printed on the surface of the respective optical recording media having the ink-receiving layer, which had been manufactured in Examples 1 through 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, using a color printer (Signature II, Primera). Then, the recording media were left at 30 °C and 80% relative humidity (RH) for 20 days, and the surfaces of the recording media on which the characters and images had been printed were observed to determine
preservative quality according to the following criteria.
© : print quality did not changed
Δ : print quality changed slightly x : print quality changed greatly
Experimental Example 7: Determination of Adhesion to Substrate Adhesion of the ink-receiving layers to the surfaces of the respective recording media, which had been manufactured in Examples 1 through 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, was examined by determine whether the ink-receiving layer separated from the respective recording media according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1.
© : not separated Δ : separated slightly x : separated greatly
Table 1
Industrial Applicability
As shown in Table 2, when an ink-receiving layer is formed on a recording medium using the UV curable coating composition according to the present invention, adhesion to a substrate, absorption and adsorption of water soluble ink used for ink printing, drying efficiency, and water resistance are improved so that the recording medium has excellent print quality..