WO2002010989A2 - Technique permettant de tenir a jour des informations relatives a des personnes et a des organisations - Google Patents

Technique permettant de tenir a jour des informations relatives a des personnes et a des organisations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002010989A2
WO2002010989A2 PCT/US2001/024162 US0124162W WO0210989A2 WO 2002010989 A2 WO2002010989 A2 WO 2002010989A2 US 0124162 W US0124162 W US 0124162W WO 0210989 A2 WO0210989 A2 WO 0210989A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
database
information
person
people
named
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/024162
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2002010989A3 (fr
Inventor
Jonathan Stern
Jeremy W. Rothman-Shore
Kosmas Karadimitriou
Michel Decary
Original Assignee
Eliyon Technologies Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/704,080 external-priority patent/US6618717B1/en
Application filed by Eliyon Technologies Corporation filed Critical Eliyon Technologies Corporation
Priority to AU2001278122A priority Critical patent/AU2001278122A1/en
Publication of WO2002010989A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002010989A2/fr
Publication of WO2002010989A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002010989A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/951—Indexing; Web crawling techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
    • G06Q30/0241—Advertisements
    • G06Q30/0251—Targeted advertisements
    • G06Q30/0257—User requested
    • G06Q30/0258—Registration

Definitions

  • a global computer network e.g., the Internet
  • a global computer network is formed of a plurality of computers coupled to a communication line for communicating with each other.
  • Each computer is referred to as a network node.
  • Some nodes serve as information bearing sites while other nodes provide connectivity between end users and the information bearing sites.
  • the explosive growth of the Internet makes it an essential component of every business, organization and institution strategy, and leads to massive amounts of information being placed in the public domain for people to read and explore.
  • the type of information available ranges from information about companies and their products, services, activities, people and partners, to information about conferences, seminars, and exhibitions, to news sites, to information about universities, schools, colleges, museums and hospitals, to information about government organizations, their purpose, activities and people.
  • the Internet became the venue of choice for every organization for providing pertinent, detailed and timely information about themselves, their cause, services and activities.
  • the Internet essentially is nothing more than the network infrastructure that connects geographically dispersed computer systems. Every such computer system may contain publicly available (shareable) data that are available to users connected to this network. However, until the early 1990's there was no uniform way or standard conventions for accessing this data. The users had to ⁇ use a variety of techniques to connect to remote computers (e.g. telnet, ftp, etc) using passwords that were usually site-specific, and- they had to know the exact directory and file name that contained the information they were looking for.
  • remote computers e.g. telnet, ftp, etc
  • the World ide Web was created in an effort to simplify and facilitate access to publicly available information from computer systems connected to the Internet.
  • a set of conventions and standards were developed that enabled users to access every Web site (computer system connected to the Web) in the same uniform way, without the need to use special passwords or techniques, h addition, Web browsers became available that let users navigate easily through Web sites by simply clicking hyperlinlcs (words or sentences connected to some Web resource).
  • Web Domain Web domain is an Internet address that provides connection to a Web server
  • URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator.
  • URLs have three parts: the first part describes the protocol used to access the content pointed to by the URL, the second contains the directory in which the content is located, and the third contains the file that stores the content: ⁇ protocol> : ⁇ domain> ⁇ directory> ⁇ file>
  • ⁇ protocol> For example: http://www.corex.com/bios.html http ://www.cardscan.com/index.html http://fh. cnn.com archives/may99/pr37.html ftp://shiva.lin.com soft/words.zip
  • the ⁇ protocol> part may be missing. In that case, modern Web browsers access the URL as if the http:// prefix was used.
  • tlie ⁇ file> part may be missing. In that case, the convention calls for the file "index.html" to be fetched. For example, the following are legal variations of the previous example
  • Web page is the content associated with a URL.
  • this content is static text, which is stored into a text file indicated by the URL.
  • the content contains multi-media elements (e.g. images, audio, video, etc) as well as non-static text or other elements (e.g. news tickers, frames, scripts, streaming graphics, etc).
  • multi-media elements e.g. images, audio, video, etc
  • non-static text or other elements e.g. news tickers, frames, scripts, streaming graphics, etc.
  • more than one files form a Web page, however, there is only one file that is associated with the URL and which initiates or guides the Web page generation.
  • Web Browser Web browser is a software program that allows users to access the content stored in Web sites. Modem Web browsers can also create content "on the fly”, according to instructions received from a Web site. This concept is commonly referred to as “dynamic page generation", ha addition, browsers can commonly send information back to the Web site, thus enabling two-way communication of the user and the Web site.
  • these queries are analyzed to extract the keywords the user is possibly looking for, and then a simple keyword-based search is performed through the engine's indexes.
  • this essentially corresponds to querying one field only in a database and it lacks the multi-field queries that are typical on any database system.
  • Web queries cannot become very specific; therefore they tend to return thousands of results of which only a few maybe relevant.
  • the "results" returned are not specific data, similar to what database queries typically return; instead, they are lists of Web pages, which may or may not contain the requested answer.
  • the Web In order to leverage the information retrieval power and search sophistication of database systems, the information needs to be structured, so that it can be stored in database format. Since the Web contains mostly unstructured information, methods and techniques are needed to extract data and discover patterns in the Web in order to transform the unstructured information into structured data.
  • the Web is a vast repository of information and data that grows continuously. Information traditionally published in other media (e.g. manuals, brochures, magazines, books, newspapers, etc.) is now increasingly published either exclusively on the Web, or in two versions, one of which is distributed through the Web. In addition, older information and content from traditional media is now routinely transferred into electronic format to be made available in the Web, e.g. old books from libraries, journals from professional associations, etc. As a result, the Web becomes gradually the primary source of information in our society, with other sources (e.g. books, journals, etc) assuming a secondary role.
  • the text content of the retrieved Web pages is also stored in the database.
  • the purpose is to keep a "cached" version of each page so that it can be used for debugging purposes, it can be re-processed by data extraction tools if new types of data need to be retrieved or if the tools themselves are improved, and to be able to present the original version of the page to users who want to see where the data came from.
  • the database of information about people and organizations described in the above-cited related patent applications has a very high business value since it contains a data collection unparalleled in size and .
  • timeliness of updates i.e., is maintained up-to-date
  • revenue may be created in five ways: a) provide users with paid access to the data either through a subscription scheme or by selling query results b) provide users free access to the database, but create revenue by displaying advertising targeted to the specific user based on the information about them already contained in the database c) provide users with means to communicate with people they find in the database, mainly via email messages d) maintain information in other people's databases by connecting it to this database and generating update transactions into their database e) provide a clipping services for people or companies about new references to them on the internet
  • the present invention provides a method for storing or managing information about people and/or organizations.
  • the method steps include using automated means, extracting from a global computer network information about individual people, and storing the extracted information in a database, the database including for each person a respective record holding at least name of the person and name of a respective current employer; and enabling people named in the database to access respective records, said enabling access being in a manner that enables each respective person to edit the data in his record of the database such that the database is maintained and continually updated by the person named in the database and by the automated means.
  • the step of enabling access includes maintaining integrity of the automatically extracted and stored information.
  • the method may further comprise the steps of: linlcing from a desired record in the database to a third party data system, said linking providing a communication link; updating the data in the desired record linked to the third party data system; and using the communication link, notifying the third party data system of the updated data in the desired record such that the third party data system employs the updated data in maintaining data of the third party data system.
  • the database may be utilized as an e-mail communication clearinghouse system to each person named in the database.
  • the e-mail communication clearinghouse system enables a sender to send a message to a person named in the database based on name- of the person absent an email address for the named person. That is, the database does not show to others the email addresses of people, but instead uses the individual database records as the connection between a sender and recipient.
  • the present invention further enables targeted advertising to a person named in the database during his accessing of his record.
  • the targeted advertising is based on information stored in the respective record.
  • the respective record further indicates job title of the person.
  • the invention method further comprises the step of querying the data base by name and job title, hi addition, the invention method, using the automated means, extracts from a global computer network, information about organizations, and stores the extracted organization information in the database.
  • the database includes for each organization, name of the organization and field of business of the organization. To that end the step of querying includes querying the database by organization name and field.
  • the invention method provides computer means for monitoring changes in information about desired people or organizations.
  • the computer means In response to the monitoring step detecting a change, the computer means notifies an interested (predefined) party of said detected change.
  • the method may further comprise the step of enabling individuals to annotate, including updating, information stored in the database. This step is accomplished in a manner that maintains integrity of the information as automatically extracted.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic overview of a computer network in which the present invention is operated.
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow diagram of the module for directing advertisement in the embodiment of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a computer system for providing and maintaining a database of the present invention.
  • a computer system 40 for producing and maintaining the database of information about people and organizations in the present invention is composed of the following three major components:
  • the component referred to as “Crawler” 11 is a software robot that "crawls" the Web visiting and traversing Web sites with the goal of identifying and retrieving pages 12 with relevant and interesting information.
  • the Extractor 41 is a software robot that "crawls" the Web visiting and traversing Web sites with the goal of identifying and retrieving pages 12 with relevant and interesting information.
  • the "Extractor” 41 is the component that performs data extraction on the pages 12 retrieved by the Crawler 11. This data extraction in general is based on Natural Language Processing techniques and uses a variety of rules to identify and extract the relevant and interesting pieces of information.
  • Data produced by the extractor 41 are saved into a database 45 by the "Loader” 43.
  • This component 43 also performs many post-processing tasks to clean-up and refine the data before storing information in database 45. These tasks include duplicate removal, resolving of aliases, correlating data produced from different Web sites, filtering and/or combining information, etc.
  • the Crawler 11 is a version of the software robot described in U.S. Patent Application No. 09/821,908 filed on March 30, 2001 for a "Computer Method and Apparatus for Collecting People and Organization hiformation from Web Sites" and assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
  • Crawler 11 receives domain data 10 from a working database 14 of Web domains of possible interest.
  • Crawler 11 accesses a Web site and processes it as follows.
  • Specific rules are used to identify pages that contain organization information or relevant people information (e.g. name, employment, contact info, etc). For example, pages with a street address of the organization, press release pages, product list pages, pages that contain information about the management team, employee directory, etc.
  • Extractor 41 All the interesting pages 12 that tlie Crawler 11 collects are then passed (through a local storage 48) to the Extractor 41 for further processing and data extraction.
  • the role of the Extractor 41 is to extract information about people and/or organizations from a single Web page. For people, the extractor 41 has to find all mentions of a person, identify information related to people and associate it with the right person. For organizations, the extractor 41 must identify all occurrences of organization names, identify information related to the organizations and recognize descriptive paragraphs of texts related to an organization. Extractor 41 places extracted information into working records 16 (for people), 17 (for organizations) that lead to the creation of database 45.
  • the loader 43 is responsive to the working records 16, 17 produced by Extractor 41.
  • loader 43 identifies whether two records 16 relate to the same person at the same current position or whether two records 17 relate to the same organization.
  • aliasing resolution In order for the loader 43 to properly identify people and organizations and to collect all relevant data about them, it is necessary to identify and resolve all such aliases, a process called aliasing resolution.
  • the loader 43 accomplishes detection/ deletion of effectively duplicate records 16, 17 and aliasing resolution of people names, organization names and titles.
  • Extractor 41 and Loader 43 A preferred embodiment of Extractor 41 and Loader 43 is described in U.S. Patent Application No. , filed July 20, 2001 entitled “Computer Method and Apparatus for Extracting Data from Web Pages", by Michel Decary, Jonathan Stern, Kosmas Karadimitriou and Jeremy Rothman-Shore, herein incorporated by reference.
  • the resulting database 45 holds non-duplicating records 16, 17 whose contents include information about people and/or organizations.
  • the database production and maintenance system 40 continually operates as described above to reap updated information as well as new people/ organization information.
  • System 40 further maintains existing database records 16,17 with the updated information along with creating new records 16, 17 as appropriate.
  • Database 45 and the working applications program 31 of the present invention are hosted on a Network server 27 as follows. Illustrated in Figure 1 is a plurality of networks 19a, 19b, 19c.
  • Each network 19 includes a multiplicity of digital processors 11, 13, 15, 17 (e.g., PC's, mini computer and the like) loosely coupled to a host processor or server 21a, 21b, 21c for communication among the processors within that network 19.
  • each network 19 Also included in each network 19 are printers, facsimiles and the like.
  • each host processor 21 is coupled to a communication line 23 which interconnects or links the networks 19a, 19b, 19c to each other to form an internet. That is, each of the networks 19 are themselves loosely coupled along a communication line 23 to enable access from a digital processor 11, 13, 15, 17 of one network 19 to a digital processor 11, 13, 15, 17 of another network 19. hi the preferred embodiment, the loose coupling of networks 19 is the Internet.
  • the present invention is a software program 31, with supporting database 45, operated and connected through a server 27 to the Internet for communication among the various networks 19 and/or processors 11, 13, 15, 17 and other end user connected through respective servers 25.
  • the server 27 is, for example, Sun Microsystems UltraSparc (e.g., Enterprise series), or a multiplicity of similar such servers running HyperText Transfer protocol (HTTP) server software to support operation of present invention program 31.
  • Sun Microsystems UltraSparc e.g., Enterprise series
  • HTTP HyperText Transfer protocol
  • invention program 31 and database 45 may be stored on (reside on) one or a multiplicity of computers in a distributed or other processing system architecture.
  • program 31 has functional components or modules which utilize database 45 as illustrated in Fig. 2. Included are a query- search engine 51, an advertisement director 53, an email center 55 and an updating/clipping servicer 57 (each described further below).
  • Each module 51, 53, 55, 57 receives input from and produces output to end users through a user interface 33.
  • Known (common) browser technology and the HTTP protocol or the like are employed by user interface 33.
  • the modules 51, 53, 55, 57 access and use the database 45 contents for respective purposes as described next.
  • query-search engine module 51 the extraction and organization of Web data into a relational database (such as database 45) offers unique advantages over regular Web search engines.
  • the data can be queried and combined in very complex ways using standard relational database queries, producing aggregate results and data combinations unprecedented in power and sophistication. For example, queries like the following are possible:
  • One possible payment structure for a service like this is a subscription model, where a user pays a fixed amount of money for access to the system for a fixed period of time.
  • a second possible payment structure is on a per-query basis, where a user pays for each query that he executes.
  • database 45 is a relational database and query-search engine module 51 is a relational database query engine (as known in the art). It is understood that other types of architectures and corresponding query- search engines are suitable.
  • the information about people in the database may be used to generate advertising of specific interest to that person.
  • ads may be selected for a user based on the following fields of database records 16, 17, among others: • Keywords in occupation title (e.g. marketing, programmer, president)
  • Rothman-Shore Kos as Karadimitriou and Michel Decary and assigned to the Assignee of the present invention describes a system for emailing to a person with a corresponding database record 16, a message as a process for verifying interpolated email addresses during post-processing.
  • the actual text of the email message is not relevant; the verification routine just needs to search for/check for unknown recipient messages from other email servers.
  • step 131 (Fig. 3) generates an email message that introduces the subject person to the services (modules) of program 31 and offers him free access to the system 31, 45.
  • the generated email message includes an automatically generated account (step 133) for the subject person to use when accessing the system 31, 45. Since this account is generated by the system 31 when the email address was interpolated and verification message sent, it is connected with the subject person's record 16 (step 135), and thus used for directed advertising purposes (step 137).
  • users may be prompted to review and correct any mistakes or missing information in their respective record 16. This updated data is used to augment the original information, and both sets of data reside in the database 45 simultaneously.
  • queries might search the updated information, when it is available, or the original information, or both.
  • database production and maintenance system 40 extracts new data from the Web, system 40 replaces the old extracted data, but the user-edited data will remain.
  • program 31 provides an email clearinghouse, i.e. email message center module 55, as one of a variety of uses of database 45.
  • the email message center module 55 provides a "black box" email (clearinghouse) system, where a user may send a message to another user having a corresponding database record 16 in the database 45 without ever seeing the recipient user's email address.
  • the sender simply selects the record 16 of the person they want to contact (program 31 hides the email field data of that record 16), writes a message using a text editor or similar commonly known text tool integrated into program 31, and asks the email message center module 55/program system 31 to deliver the message.
  • Program 31 uses the email address stored in the record 16 or otherwise generates/ produces the subject recipient person's email address and forwards/relays the sender- generated message via common email system techniques and protocol.
  • the recipient users are able to customize how they receive messages from email center 55 so that they do not feel like they are receiving junk email. For example, they may choose to receive messages as they come, or they receive digests on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis. Furthermore, they may choose not to receive any notification at. all, but simply visit host site 27 to collect the messages from respective database records 16. Revenue would come from the users sending the emails. They would pay a fixed fee for each email, with perhaps different rates for business topics and personal topics.
  • update module 57 Whenever the information in the external database record differs from that of the corresponding record 16 in database 45, update module 57 generates an update transaction. For example, if the external database record indicates that a person works for company A, and the corresponding record 16 in database 45 indicates that the same person works for company B but notes that the subj ect person worked for company A in the past, then update module 57 generates an update transaction. That is, following (or compatible with) the conventions of the external database system, update module 57 communicates to the external database system that the subject external database record needs updating and transmits a copy of the up-to-date information from corresponding record 16 of database 45 as illustrated in Fig. 2. In response, the external database system replaces the contents of the subject external database record with the newly received information from invention database 45 via update module 57.
  • update module 57 may serve as a "clipping service” that monitors and notifies interested parties of changes in information about people and/or organizations as stored by database 45.
  • the database production and maintenance system 40 (Fig. 4) is continuously crawling the Web, it may find information about a certain person or organization in various sites. Furthermore, it may also detect new Web pages with such references, especially in news sites. This is a very important capability that is commercially exploitable in the form of a "clipping service". Users can subscribe to the clipping service (module 57) so that they are notified when new Web pages are found that refer to them. The subscribing user in this case specifies the email address that module 57 is to send notification. The system 31 module 57 lets the subscribing users choose when to receive such notification, e.g. as soon as a new page with reference to their name is detected, or in a summarized monthly email, etc.
  • subscribing users may choose to receive notifications for any name or organization, and also may choose the type of Web pages that the system 31/module 57 should report, e.g. a user may want to see all news articles that contain reference to "Alan Greenspan", or all new organization Web pages that refer to "Corex Technologies Corp”.
  • update and clipping service module 57 maintains a working table of names to watch for (as requested by users) and an indication of respective email address to send notification to if database production and maintenance system 40 finds new information concerning such name.
  • the indication of email address may be apointer or similar link to a record 16, 17 (e.g., address field thereof) in database 45 or recite directly the email address of the subscribing user.
  • the working table also indicates subscribing user preference of frequency of notification and desired types of Web pages to be reported. As database production and maintenance system 40 adds new records 16, 17 to and updates records 16, 17 in database 45, update and clipping service module 57 compares names contained in the new information from system 40 with the names listed in the working table.
  • module 57 If module 57 finds a match, then module 57 notifies the requesting/subscribing user accordingly as noted in the working table (frequency- wise and Web page type-wise).
  • update and clipping service module 57 For each name of interest (to be watched) requested by a subscribing user, update and clipping service module 57 searches database 45 for corresponding records 16, 17. If no corresponding database records 16, 17 are found, then update and clipping service module 57 creates a new respective database record 16, 17 containing the requested name (to be watched). Next update and clipping service module 57 maintains a date and time stamped flag in each record 16, 17 (prior existing or newly created) corresponding to names to watch for as requested by subscribing users.
  • the flag also links email address of requesting/subscribing user, indication of preferred frequency and indication of Web page type desired.
  • update and clipping service module 57 notifies the requesting/subscribing user accordingly.
  • database production and maintenance system 40 is a digital processor (computer) system having the above-described functions 11, 41, 43 unplemented in hardware, software or a combmation thereof.
  • Said digital processor system may be a plurality of computers operated in parallel, distributed or other fashion for carrying out the functions of the crawler 11, extractor 41 and loader 43 as described in conjunction with Fig. 4.
  • program modules 51, 53, 55, 57 are software, hardware or a combination run on a digital processor (computer) 27.

Abstract

On crée, dans le cadre de ce procédé, une base de données, et on la tient à jour grâce à des moyens informatiques automatisés extrayant des informations d'un réseau informatique mondial. La base de données contient des informations concernant des personnes et des organisations. Ce procédé assure une mise à jour ininterrompue des informations stockées dans la base de données par une personne ou par des moyens informatisés. L'intégrité des informations extraites automatiquement est conservée. Une liaison reliant la base de données selon l'invention à un système de données tierce partie assure la transmission des mises à jours des informations stockées dans la base de données au système de données tierce partie et ce, aux fins de la mise à jour et de la conservation des données de ce système. La base de données peut faire office de bureau central de communication de courrier électronique, les expéditeurs n'ayant pas besoin de connaître l'adresse électronique d'un personne nommée dans la base de données, mais laissant plutôt des messages en utilisant l'inscription de cette personne dans la base de données. Une annonce publicitaire ciblée sur une personne nommée est fournie au moment de l'accession à la base de données. Cette annonce publicitaire ciblée repose sur une information relative à la personne nommée comme étant inscrite dans la base de données. Cette base de données peut être interrogée par une combinaison d'un nom de personne, d'une désignation de fonction, d'un nom d'organisation et du secteur d'activité de l'organisation. Le procédé selon cette invention utilise un service de découpage contrôlant les modifications apportées aux informations stockées dans la base de données et avisant les parties concernées des modifications décelées.
PCT/US2001/024162 2000-07-31 2001-07-30 Technique permettant de tenir a jour des informations relatives a des personnes et a des organisations WO2002010989A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001278122A AU2001278122A1 (en) 2000-07-31 2001-07-30 Method for maintaining people and organization information

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22175000P 2000-07-31 2000-07-31
US60/221,750 2000-07-31
US09/704,080 US6618717B1 (en) 2000-07-31 2000-11-01 Computer method and apparatus for determining content owner of a website
US09/703,907 2000-11-01
US09/704,080 2000-11-01
US09/703,907 US6778986B1 (en) 2000-07-31 2000-11-01 Computer method and apparatus for determining site type of a web site
US09/768,869 US7356761B2 (en) 2000-07-31 2001-01-24 Computer method and apparatus for determining content types of web pages
US09/768,869 2001-01-24
US09/821,908 2001-03-30
US09/821,908 US6983282B2 (en) 2000-07-31 2001-03-30 Computer method and apparatus for collecting people and organization information from Web sites
US09/918,312 2001-07-20
US09/918,312 US20020032740A1 (en) 2000-07-31 2001-07-30 Data mining system

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WO2002010989A2 true WO2002010989A2 (fr) 2002-02-07
WO2002010989A3 WO2002010989A3 (fr) 2003-07-10

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PCT/US2001/041515 WO2002010968A2 (fr) 2000-07-31 2001-07-31 Systeme de prospection de donnees

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