WO2002008501A1 - Method of mechanical separation of natural fibers - Google Patents

Method of mechanical separation of natural fibers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002008501A1
WO2002008501A1 PCT/PL2001/000062 PL0100062W WO0208501A1 WO 2002008501 A1 WO2002008501 A1 WO 2002008501A1 PL 0100062 W PL0100062 W PL 0100062W WO 0208501 A1 WO0208501 A1 WO 0208501A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibers
stems
disintegrated
mixture
natural fibers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/PL2001/000062
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ryszard Kozlowski
Andrzej Kubacki
Jerzy Mankowski
Original Assignee
Instytut Wlokien Naturalnych
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Instytut Wlokien Naturalnych filed Critical Instytut Wlokien Naturalnych
Publication of WO2002008501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002008501A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/30—Details of machines
    • D01B1/32—Feeding arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/22—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating with crushing or breaking rollers or plates

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is the method of mechanical separation of natural disintegrated fibers from dewed or non-dewed stems of fiber crops, especially fibers of flax and hemp, in simultaneous process of breaking and disintegrating.
  • Polish patent application of the invention No. P-335055 contains a description of a method of fiber production through disintegration of reclaimed material such as waste textile material, material containing layers of fiber and composite material with non-metal strengthening such as tires with a non-metal cord.
  • textile material is fed to the roll with non-uniform surface, to which it is pressed with changing force along the pressure line, depending on the thickness of the textile material.
  • the core of the invention is the fact that stems of fiber crops, especially flax and hemp, are placed parallelly undergo simultaneously the process of breaking and disintegration into sections of particular length. Stems are moved between the feeding rolls towards the outer surface of the rotating roll equipped with tearing elements. There is obtained a mixture of tangled natural fibers of the length from 0.5 to 5 cm as well as pieces of lignified parts of stems. The mixture of fibers and lignified parts of stems undergoes scutching and separation of fibers. The angle between the feeding direction of fiber crops and the line perpendicular to the surface of the roll with tearing elements is from 0° to 45°.
  • Fiber obtained in the method of this invention may be used in various branches of industry, among others in the textile industry for spinning with any natural of synthetic fibers, for production of composite materials, insulating or silencing mats, and in the paper industry directly as the cellulose material.
  • Flax straw is processed. Straw is ginned and thenloose portions of parallelly placed stems are fed between two parallel rolls rotating backwards. Stems are moved between the feeding rolls to the surface perpendicular to the outer surface of the rotating roll equipped with tearing elements in the form of spikes. There is obtained a mixture of tangled lignified parts of stems and natural fibers of the length depending on the speed of the rotation of the feeding rolls and their distance from the side surface of the roll with tearing elements. The mixture of fibers and Ugnified parts of stems undergoes scutching and separation of fibers.
  • Fiber material obtained through the invented method is very good raw cellulose material for paper industry, containing more cellulose than the traditionally applied wood, and for the production of composite materials with plastics.
  • Simplification of the process of mechanical processing of the stem of fiber crops allows obtaining cheaper raw material for the branches of industry which traditionally work with other materials.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

Method of mechanical separation of natural fibers consists of bunches of stems of fiber crops placed parallel are moved between feeding rolls towards the outer surface of rotating roll equipped with tearing elements, at the angle of 0 to 45 °. There is obtained a mixture of disintegrated tangled fibers and pieces of lignified parts of stems. The mixture undergoes the popular processes of scutching and fiber separation. The length of disintegrated fibers if from 0.5 to 5 cm.

Description

Method of mechanical separation of natural fibers
The object of the invention is the method of mechanical separation of natural disintegrated fibers from dewed or non-dewed stems of fiber crops, especially fibers of flax and hemp, in simultaneous process of breaking and disintegrating.
There are known methods of fiber processing using consecutive processes of breaking, scutching and shaking as well as carding and tape forming and disintegrating through cutting the fibers into sections of particular length.
Polish patent application of the invention No. P-335055 contains a description of a method of fiber production through disintegration of reclaimed material such as waste textile material, material containing layers of fiber and composite material with non-metal strengthening such as tires with a non-metal cord. In this method textile material is fed to the roll with non-uniform surface, to which it is pressed with changing force along the pressure line, depending on the thickness of the textile material.
The core of the invention is the fact that stems of fiber crops, especially flax and hemp, are placed parallelly undergo simultaneously the process of breaking and disintegration into sections of particular length. Stems are moved between the feeding rolls towards the outer surface of the rotating roll equipped with tearing elements. There is obtained a mixture of tangled natural fibers of the length from 0.5 to 5 cm as well as pieces of lignified parts of stems. The mixture of fibers and lignified parts of stems undergoes scutching and separation of fibers. The angle between the feeding direction of fiber crops and the line perpendicular to the surface of the roll with tearing elements is from 0° to 45°.
Fiber obtained in the method of this invention may be used in various branches of industry, among others in the textile industry for spinning with any natural of synthetic fibers, for production of composite materials, insulating or silencing mats, and in the paper industry directly as the cellulose material.
Example
Flax straw is processed. Straw is ginned and thenloose portions of parallelly placed stems are fed between two parallel rolls rotating backwards. Stems are moved between the feeding rolls to the surface perpendicular to the outer surface of the rotating roll equipped with tearing elements in the form of spikes. There is obtained a mixture of tangled lignified parts of stems and natural fibers of the length depending on the speed of the rotation of the feeding rolls and their distance from the side surface of the roll with tearing elements. The mixture of fibers and Ugnified parts of stems undergoes scutching and separation of fibers.
In one production cycle of breaking and disintegration, after removal of lignified parts of plants, there is obtained product which may used for spinning in the traditional way or in mixtures with other natural fibers such as wool or cotton. The invented method enables to separate fibers also from non-dewed plants, thus there may be obtained bright color fibers, which is profitable especially when fibers are used as the raw material for production of whitened cellulose pulp. Fiber material obtained through the invented method is very good raw cellulose material for paper industry, containing more cellulose than the traditionally applied wood, and for the production of composite materials with plastics.
Simplification of the process of mechanical processing of the stem of fiber crops allows obtaining cheaper raw material for the branches of industry which traditionally work with other materials.

Claims

Claims
1. Method of mechanical separation of natural fibers through breaking and disintegration characterized by bunches of stems of fiber crops placed parallel moving between feeding rolls towards the outer surface of the rotating roll equipped with tearing elements and there obtained a mixture of disintegrated tangled fibers and pieces of lignified parts of stems, then the mixture undergoes the process of scutching and separation of fibers.
2. Method according to claim 1 characterised by length of disintegrated fibers is from 0.5 to 5 cm.
3. Method according to claim 1 characterized by the angle between the feeding direction of fiber crops and the line perpendicular to the surface of the roll with tearing elements is from 0° to 45°.
PCT/PL2001/000062 2000-07-20 2001-07-18 Method of mechanical separation of natural fibers WO2002008501A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL341585A PL199630B1 (en) 2000-07-20 2000-07-20 Method of mechanically separating natural fibre
PLP-341585 2000-07-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002008501A1 true WO2002008501A1 (en) 2002-01-31

Family

ID=20077073

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/PL2001/000062 WO2002008501A1 (en) 2000-07-20 2001-07-18 Method of mechanical separation of natural fibers

Country Status (2)

Country Link
PL (1) PL199630B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002008501A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9421548B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2016-08-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for scutching material fibers

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2076111A1 (en) 2006-05-15 2009-07-08 Instytut Wlokien Naturalnych A method and a device for harvesting hemp grown for seeds

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1356740A (en) * 1918-12-07 1920-10-26 Charles E Roberts Machine for breaking and scutching hemp or other fibrous material
DE684825C (en) * 1937-12-23 1939-12-06 Hugo Bindler Breaking and vibrating machine
WO1995023248A1 (en) * 1994-02-28 1995-08-31 Aktsionernoe Obshestvo Otkrytogo Tipa Legmashdetal Method of preparing flax fibre for spinning and a production line for carrying out said method
JP2000071209A (en) * 1998-08-31 2000-03-07 Toyo Yuatsu Kogyo:Kk Manufacture of bamboo fiber and bamboo fiber manufacturing device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1356740A (en) * 1918-12-07 1920-10-26 Charles E Roberts Machine for breaking and scutching hemp or other fibrous material
DE684825C (en) * 1937-12-23 1939-12-06 Hugo Bindler Breaking and vibrating machine
WO1995023248A1 (en) * 1994-02-28 1995-08-31 Aktsionernoe Obshestvo Otkrytogo Tipa Legmashdetal Method of preparing flax fibre for spinning and a production line for carrying out said method
JP2000071209A (en) * 1998-08-31 2000-03-07 Toyo Yuatsu Kogyo:Kk Manufacture of bamboo fiber and bamboo fiber manufacturing device

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 06 22 September 2000 (2000-09-22) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9421548B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2016-08-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for scutching material fibers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL199630B1 (en) 2008-10-31
PL341585A1 (en) 2002-01-28

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