WO2002006424A1 - Curing agent for land improvement and land improvement agent using pulp sludge - Google Patents

Curing agent for land improvement and land improvement agent using pulp sludge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002006424A1
WO2002006424A1 PCT/KR2001/001215 KR0101215W WO0206424A1 WO 2002006424 A1 WO2002006424 A1 WO 2002006424A1 KR 0101215 W KR0101215 W KR 0101215W WO 0206424 A1 WO0206424 A1 WO 0206424A1
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Prior art keywords
agent
weight
parts
soil improvement
pulp sludge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2001/001215
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French (fr)
Inventor
Yoshihiro Kojima
Original Assignee
Kaneyama, Hiroko
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kaneyama, Hiroko filed Critical Kaneyama, Hiroko
Priority to AU2001271109A priority Critical patent/AU2001271109A1/en
Publication of WO2002006424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002006424A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • C09K17/48—Organic compounds mixed with inorganic active ingredients, e.g. polymerisation catalysts
    • C09K17/50—Organic compounds mixed with inorganic active ingredients, e.g. polymerisation catalysts the organic compound being of natural origin, e.g. cellulose derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
    • C09K17/10—Cements, e.g. Portland cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/64—Paper recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hardening agent for soil improvement and a pulp sludge based soil improvement agent, and more particularly, to a hardening agent for soil improvement and a soil improvement agent containing the hardening agent, which is effective in improving acidified soils using pulp sludge from a variety of wood sources that is a byproduct of paper manufacturing.
  • Soil which is the source of water, air, and nutrients required for plant growing becomes acidified with excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Therefore, research on soil improvement for recovering acidified, non-productive soil is being actively carried out.
  • Paper manufacturing involves the separation of pulp from plant fibers and the addition and mixing of additives such as a filler.
  • additives such as a filler.
  • flax, straw, and waste paper as well as wood including needle or broad-leaved trees can be used as pulp sources for paper according to the use or characteristics of the paper to be made.
  • Pulp sludge a byproduct from paper manufacturing, contains a variety of organic substances and inorganic substances, such as an inorganic acid added in the manufacturing process, which are nutrient resources.
  • pulp sludge being disposed of by squeezing the water out of it and burying it underground or incinerating it.
  • a hardening agent for soil improvement comprising cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and water.
  • the hardening agent includes 30-40% by weight solid and 60-70% by weight water.
  • the solid of the hardening agent may include cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, and sodium carbonate.
  • the hardening agent includes 20-30 parts by weight cobalt chloride, 30-45 parts by weight ammonium chloride, 25-40 parts by weight sodium chloride, and 65-85 parts by weight potassium carbonate, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate.
  • a soil improvement agent comprising the hardening agent described above, pulp sludge, an anti-aggregating agent, and water.
  • the anti-aggregating agent comprises 10-20 parts by weight cement and 10-20 parts by weight lime, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge.
  • the amount of the hardening agent is in the range of 0.5-1.5 parts by weight
  • the amount of water is in the range of 10-20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge.
  • the content of water of the pulp sludge may vary, but preferably in the range of 40-70%.
  • the present invention is directed to recycling of pulp sludge as a soil improvement agent.
  • a hardening agent according to the present invention required for the use of pulp sludge as a soil improvement agent will be described.
  • a hardening agent for soil improvement according to the present invention is prepared by mixing cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and water. It is preferable that the content of the cobalt dichloride is 10-30 parts by weight, and more preferably 23-29 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate.
  • the content of the ammonium chloride is 30-45 parts by weight, and more preferably 32-40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate.
  • the content of the sodium chloride is 25-40 parts by weight, and more preferably 28-36 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate.
  • the content of the potassium carbonate is 65-86 parts by weight, and more preferably 70-80 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate.
  • the content of water in the hardening agent is 60-70% by weight with respect to 30-40% by weight solid content of the hardening agent.
  • the solid content is equivalent to the total weight of cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, and sodium carbonate of the hardening agent.
  • a method for preparing a soil improvement agent using the hardening agent will be described as follows. First, the hardening agent is dissolved in an appropriate amount of water, and pot sludge and an anti-aggregating agent are added to and thoroughly mixed with the solution. In general, pulp sludge is 40-70%, about 50%, water. In the preparation of a soil improvement agent, the contents of the hardening agent and the anti-aggregating agent are varied depending on the moisture content of the pulp sludge used.
  • the anti-aggregating agent prevents the soil improvement agent from gathering into a mass.
  • cement and lime are used as the anti-aggregating agent. It is preferable that the content of cement is in the range of 10-20 parts by weight, and more preferably 12-17%o by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. It is preferable that the content of lime is in the range of 10-20 parts by weight, and more preferably 13-17 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. If the contents of cement and lime exceed the upper limits, the soil improvement agent becomes too hard. If the contents of cement and lime are less than the lower limits, anti-aggregating effects are poor.
  • the content of the hardening agent is in the range of 0.5-1 .5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.9-1 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. If the content of the hardening agent exceeds 1.5 parts by weight, the resultant soil improvement agent has an undesirably alkaline pH. If the content of the hardening agent is less than 0.5 parts by weight, the resultant soil improvement agent has an undesirably acidic pH. It is preferable that the content of water in which the hardening agent is dissolved is in the range of 10-20 parts by weight, and more preferably 12-15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. If the content of water is less than 10 parts by weight, dissolution of the hardening agent is insufficient. If the content of water exceeds 20 parts by weight, soil improvement effects are insignificant due to the water dilution.
  • the amount of the resulting soil improvement agent used in soil is varied according to the purpose of its use. In general, 200-250 kg of the soil improvement agent per 300 units of area (one unit equivalent to 3.954 square yards) is used.
  • FIG. 1 shows the germination and growth state after about 6 days from seeding with the application of a soil improvement agent (test fertilizer) according to the present invention and a comparative fertilizer;
  • FIG. 2 shows the germination and growth state after about 23 days from seeding with the application of the soil improvement agent (test fertilizer) according to the present invention and the comparative fertilizer.
  • Example 1 Preparation of Soil Improvement Agent 25 kg of cobalt chloride, 35 kg of ammonium chloride, 31.5 kg of sodium chloride, 73 kg of potassium carbonate, and 98 kg of sodium carbonate were added to 737.5 i of water and thoroughly mixed to obtain a hardening agent for soil improvement.
  • Example 2 Growing Test using Soil Improvement Agent A growing test was carried out as follows using the soil improvement agent of Example 1. For a comparative evaluation of the characteristics of the soil improvement agent of Example 1 , dolomitic limostone, one of liming materials, was used as a control soil improvement agent.
  • test fertilizer contained about 45.42% alkaline components
  • comparative fertilizer contained about 61.23%) alkaline components
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the germination and growing state after about 6 days and about 23 days from seeding, respectively, with the application of the test fertilizer according to the present invention and the comparative fertilizer.
  • "No LIME" indicates blank samples containing no lime
  • labels 2.5, 2.0, 1.5, and 1 indicate alkali contents in Samples T4, T3, T2, and T ⁇ , and Sample S4, S3, S2, and S1 of Table 1 , respectively.
  • test fertilizer was proven to be non-toxic to the human body.
  • test fertilizer has a better soil alkalification effect than the comparative fertilizer
  • the test fertilizer shows germination and growing characteristics equivalent to or better than the comparative fertilizer and does not have a toxicity problem.
  • the soil acidity correction effect is markedly improved by the test fertilizer according to the present invention, compared to the comparative fertilizer.
  • pulp sludge can be recycled as a high-value soil improvement agent along with the hardening agent according to the present invention so that environmental concerns associated with pulp sludge can be eliminated with added economical value.
  • the soil improvement agent according to the present invention is effective in changing acidified soil into weak alkali soil, thereby resulting in high-fertility organic substance rich soils with enhanced productivity.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A hardening agent for soil improvement and a pulp sludge based soil improvement agent are provided. The hardening agent includes cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and water. The soil improvement agent includes the hardening agent, pulp sludge, an anti-aggregating agent, and water. Pulp sludge can be recycled as a high-value soil improvement agent along with the hardening agent so that environmental concerns associated with pulp sludge can be eliminated with added economical value. The soil improvement agent is effective in changing acidified soil into weak alkali soil, thereby resulting in high-fertility organic substance rich soils with enhanced productivity.

Description

CURING AGENT FOR LAND IMPROVEMENT AND LAND IMPROVEMENT AGENT USING PULP SLUDGE
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a hardening agent for soil improvement and a pulp sludge based soil improvement agent, and more particularly, to a hardening agent for soil improvement and a soil improvement agent containing the hardening agent, which is effective in improving acidified soils using pulp sludge from a variety of wood sources that is a byproduct of paper manufacturing. Background Art
Soil which is the source of water, air, and nutrients required for plant growing becomes acidified with excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Therefore, research on soil improvement for recovering acidified, non-productive soil is being actively carried out.
Paper manufacturing involves the separation of pulp from plant fibers and the addition and mixing of additives such as a filler. In paper manufacturing, flax, straw, and waste paper as well as wood including needle or broad-leaved trees can be used as pulp sources for paper according to the use or characteristics of the paper to be made.
Pulp sludge, a byproduct from paper manufacturing, contains a variety of organic substances and inorganic substances, such as an inorganic acid added in the manufacturing process, which are nutrient resources. However, the potential applications of pulp sludge have long been disregarded, pulp sludge being disposed of by squeezing the water out of it and burying it underground or incinerating it.
Meanwhile, burying pulp sludge underground leads to a secondary problem of soil and water contamination. Incineration of pulp sludge takes a relatively longer time, pollutes the air, and is costly because it requires fuel.
Disclosure of the Invention It is a first object of the present invention to provide a hardening agent enabling pulp sludge to be used for soil improvement.
It is a second object of the present invention to provide a pulp sludge based soil improvement agent containing the hardening agent, which enhances soil fertility by neutralizing acidic soil and increasing organic substances in soil.
To achieve the first object of the present invention, there is provided a hardening agent for soil improvement comprising cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and water. Preferably, the hardening agent includes 30-40% by weight solid and 60-70% by weight water. The solid of the hardening agent may include cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, and sodium carbonate.
Preferably, the hardening agent includes 20-30 parts by weight cobalt chloride, 30-45 parts by weight ammonium chloride, 25-40 parts by weight sodium chloride, and 65-85 parts by weight potassium carbonate, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate.
To achieve the second object of the present invention, there is provided a soil improvement agent comprising the hardening agent described above, pulp sludge, an anti-aggregating agent, and water.
It is preferable that the anti-aggregating agent comprises 10-20 parts by weight cement and 10-20 parts by weight lime, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. In the soil improvement agent, it is preferable that the amount of the hardening agent is in the range of 0.5-1.5 parts by weight, and the amount of water is in the range of 10-20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. The content of water of the pulp sludge may vary, but preferably in the range of 40-70%.
The present invention is directed to recycling of pulp sludge as a soil improvement agent. First, a hardening agent according to the present invention required for the use of pulp sludge as a soil improvement agent will be described.
A hardening agent for soil improvement according to the present invention is prepared by mixing cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and water. It is preferable that the content of the cobalt dichloride is 10-30 parts by weight, and more preferably 23-29 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate. Preferably, the content of the ammonium chloride is 30-45 parts by weight, and more preferably 32-40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate. Preferably, the content of the sodium chloride is 25-40 parts by weight, and more preferably 28-36 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate. Preferably, the content of the potassium carbonate is 65-86 parts by weight, and more preferably 70-80 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate. Preferably, the content of water in the hardening agent is 60-70% by weight with respect to 30-40% by weight solid content of the hardening agent. Here, the solid content is equivalent to the total weight of cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, and sodium carbonate of the hardening agent.
The above contents of the components of the hardening agent have been determined through many experiments. If the content of any component is out of the range described above, a hardening effect of the hardening agent on a particular component of a soil improvement agent is undesirably degraded. A method for preparing a soil improvement agent using the hardening agent will be described as follows. First, the hardening agent is dissolved in an appropriate amount of water, and puip sludge and an anti-aggregating agent are added to and thoroughly mixed with the solution. In general, pulp sludge is 40-70%, about 50%, water. In the preparation of a soil improvement agent, the contents of the hardening agent and the anti-aggregating agent are varied depending on the moisture content of the pulp sludge used.
The anti-aggregating agent prevents the soil improvement agent from gathering into a mass. In the present invention, cement and lime are used as the anti-aggregating agent. It is preferable that the content of cement is in the range of 10-20 parts by weight, and more preferably 12-17%o by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. It is preferable that the content of lime is in the range of 10-20 parts by weight, and more preferably 13-17 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. If the contents of cement and lime exceed the upper limits, the soil improvement agent becomes too hard. If the contents of cement and lime are less than the lower limits, anti-aggregating effects are poor. It is preferable that the content of the hardening agent is in the range of 0.5-1 .5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.9-1 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. If the content of the hardening agent exceeds 1.5 parts by weight, the resultant soil improvement agent has an undesirably alkaline pH. If the content of the hardening agent is less than 0.5 parts by weight, the resultant soil improvement agent has an undesirably acidic pH. It is preferable that the content of water in which the hardening agent is dissolved is in the range of 10-20 parts by weight, and more preferably 12-15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge. If the content of water is less than 10 parts by weight, dissolution of the hardening agent is insufficient. If the content of water exceeds 20 parts by weight, soil improvement effects are insignificant due to the water dilution.
The amount of the resulting soil improvement agent used in soil is varied according to the purpose of its use. In general, 200-250 kg of the soil improvement agent per 300 units of area (one unit equivalent to 3.954 square yards) is used.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the germination and growth state after about 6 days from seeding with the application of a soil improvement agent (test fertilizer) according to the present invention and a comparative fertilizer; and
FIG. 2 shows the germination and growth state after about 23 days from seeding with the application of the soil improvement agent (test fertilizer) according to the present invention and the comparative fertilizer.
Best mode for carrying out the Invention
The present invention will be described in greater detail by means of the following examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1. Preparation of Soil Improvement Agent 25 kg of cobalt chloride, 35 kg of ammonium chloride, 31.5 kg of sodium chloride, 73 kg of potassium carbonate, and 98 kg of sodium carbonate were added to 737.5 i of water and thoroughly mixed to obtain a hardening agent for soil improvement.
10 kg of the hardening agent was dissolved in 144 kg of water and then thoroughly mixed with 1 ,000 kg of pulp sludge, 161 g of lime, and 161 g of cement to obtain a soil improvement agent. Example 2. Growing Test using Soil Improvement Agent A growing test was carried out as follows using the soil improvement agent of Example 1. For a comparative evaluation of the characteristics of the soil improvement agent of Example 1 , dolomitic limostone, one of liming materials, was used as a control soil improvement agent. The soil improvement agent of Example 1 according to the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as a "test fertilizer") contained about 45.42% alkaline components, and the control soil improvement agent (hereinafter, referred to as a "comparative fertilizer") contained about 61.23%) alkaline components.
Table 1
Figure imgf000007_0001
50 mg of ammonium sulfate as a source of N, 50 mg of superphosphoate lime as a source of P2O5, and 50 mg of potassium chloride as a source of K20 were added to each of the test samples, comparative samples, and the blank sample.
For both the test fertilizer and the comparative fertilizer, germination was observed 2 days after seeding. Therefore, there is no difference in germination initiation date between the test fertilizer and the comparative fertilizer.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show the germination and growing state after about 6 days and about 23 days from seeding, respectively, with the application of the test fertilizer according to the present invention and the comparative fertilizer. In FIGS. 1 and 2, "No LIME" indicates blank samples containing no lime, and labels 2.5, 2.0, 1.5, and 1 indicate alkali contents in Samples T4, T3, T2, and Tϊ , and Sample S4, S3, S2, and S1 of Table 1 , respectively.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, growing after germination is better for the test fertilizer than for the comparative fertilizer.
In addition, a safety test was carried out during the growing period to determine whether the test fertilizer is hazardous to humans. As a result, the test fertilizer was proven to be non-toxic to the human body.
After the growing test using the test fertilizer and the comparative fertilizer, the pH of the soil samples was measured. The result is shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Figure imgf000008_0001
As shown in Table 2, the test fertilizer has a better soil alkalification effect than the comparative fertilizer
As described above, germination and growing characteristics and soil acidity correction effect were investigated using the test fertilizer and the comparative fertilizer. As a result, the test fertilizer shows germination and growing characteristics equivalent to or better than the comparative fertilizer and does not have a toxicity problem. In addition, the soil acidity correction effect is markedly improved by the test fertilizer according to the present invention, compared to the comparative fertilizer.
Industrial Applicability
According to the present invention, pulp sludge can be recycled as a high-value soil improvement agent along with the hardening agent according to the present invention so that environmental concerns associated with pulp sludge can be eliminated with added economical value. The soil improvement agent according to the present invention is effective in changing acidified soil into weak alkali soil, thereby resulting in high-fertility organic substance rich soils with enhanced productivity.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A hardening agent for soil improvement comprising cobalt chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and water.
2. The hardening agent of claim 1 , comprising 20-30 parts by weight cobalt chloride, 30-45 parts by weight ammonium chloride, 25-40 parts by weight sodium chloride, and 65-85 parts by weight potassium carbonate, based on 100 parts by weight sodium carbonate, and 60-70% by weight water with respect to 30-40%o by weight the solid content of the hardening agent.
3. A soil improvement agent comprising the hardening agent of any of claims 1 and 2, pulp sludge, an anti-aggregating agent, and water.
4. The soil improvement agent of claim 3, wherein the anti-aggregating agent comprises 10-20 parts by weight cement and 10-20 parts by weight lime, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge.
5. The soil improvement agent of claim 3, wherein the amount of the hardening agent is in the range of 0.5-1.5 parts by weight, and the amount of water is in the range of 10-20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight the pulp sludge.
6. The soil improvement agent of claim 3, wherein the pulp sludge is 40-70% water.
PCT/KR2001/001215 2000-07-14 2001-07-14 Curing agent for land improvement and land improvement agent using pulp sludge WO2002006424A1 (en)

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KR100881663B1 (en) * 2008-04-01 2009-02-06 이남훈 Cohesive agent manufacturing method for treating acid waste water

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR19980083572A (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-12-05 여태환 Soil hardener
KR20000004198A (en) * 1998-06-30 2000-01-25 사또아끼히로 Hardening agent composition for producing cement formed products using wastes and production method of cement formed products using composition
KR20000015437A (en) * 1998-08-29 2000-03-15 이정배 Soil conditioner principally comprising organic lime

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR19980083572A (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-12-05 여태환 Soil hardener
KR20000004198A (en) * 1998-06-30 2000-01-25 사또아끼히로 Hardening agent composition for producing cement formed products using wastes and production method of cement formed products using composition
KR20000015437A (en) * 1998-08-29 2000-03-15 이정배 Soil conditioner principally comprising organic lime

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