WO2002006037A1 - Tete de pultrusion permettant de produire des profiles a matrices thermoplastiques renforcees de fibres longues - Google Patents

Tete de pultrusion permettant de produire des profiles a matrices thermoplastiques renforcees de fibres longues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002006037A1
WO2002006037A1 PCT/PT2001/000013 PT0100013W WO0206037A1 WO 2002006037 A1 WO2002006037 A1 WO 2002006037A1 PT 0100013 W PT0100013 W PT 0100013W WO 0206037 A1 WO0206037 A1 WO 0206037A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
die
pultrusion
profile
zone
head
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/PT2001/000013
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
João NUNO FERREIRA DA MOTA
João PEDRO LOURENÇO GIL NUNES
António SÉRGIO DUARTE POUZADA
Original Assignee
Universidade Do Minho
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidade Do Minho filed Critical Universidade Do Minho
Priority to AU2001269628A priority Critical patent/AU2001269628A1/en
Publication of WO2002006037A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002006037A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/528—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/526—Pultrusion dies, e.g. dies with moving or rotating parts

Definitions

  • thermoplastic fibre tows (towpregs) opened new fields to the application of long fibre-reinforced thermoplastics [1-4].
  • these novel low-cost pre-impregnated materials can substitute with advantage conventional long fibre thermoplastic matrix prepregs.
  • thermoplastic matrix composites in large series production machines.
  • important research work is been carried on to process these materials by compression moulding, filament winding and pultrusion [5-10].
  • Theoretical models were also developed to simulate the processing moulding of long fibre reinforced thermoplastics, namely by pultrusion [8, 11-15].
  • Patent EP 0712716 "Process and equipment to impregnate by extrusion” refers the impregnation of fibres and tows to produce of unidirectional fibre reinforced plastics.
  • the process (A) allows to produce fibre reinforced materials by impregnating fibre tows, which are made to pass through a wave-shaped impregnation zone, with melted thermoplastics or liquid thermosetting resins (I).
  • the patent also claims (i) a fibre impregnation process (B) in which the fibres are made to pass through a curved impregnation zone and mixed with the thermoplastic or resin injected from its up and bottom sides; (ii) a extrusion-impregnation system for process (A), consisting on a wave-shaped impregnating channel in the direction of pultrusion; (iii) a similar system for process (B) with two misaligned entries for the melted polymer (I) located at the upper and lower parts of the impregnating channel.
  • the melting polymer feeding is made before the concave part of the impregnation zone on the fibre tow upper and bottom part.
  • the depth of the impregnation channel can be changed during operation in order to increase or decrease in continuous the channel narrow gap in the pultrusion direction, i.e. from the fibre entry to the fibre exit.
  • the impregnation channel has two misaligned holes in the upper and lower lateral sides to allow the melting polymer to enter. The melted material is injected through split narrow dies along the channel length.
  • Patent EP 0 814 950 "Pultrusion process and equipment” is related to the development of a process and related equipment to allow to cover multifilament cables with thermoplastic resins.
  • the process consists in a impregnation cross-head die having two holes to allow filaments to enter and exit from it. Using such die, the filaments enter from one side and are covered by a melted polymer injected from holes located in direction perpendicular to them.
  • a pulling system allows to pull the filaments through the melted polymer existing inside the head and, then, make them to pass through different channels with successive lower diameter in order to remove the resin in excess and obtain the final dimension required to the multifilament covered cable.
  • Figure 1 Schematic general diagram of the pultrusion machine.
  • Figure 2. Consolidation die.
  • Figure 3. Cross-section of the pultruded profile.
  • FIG. Schematic diagram of the cooling system used.
  • Figure 7. Dies mounted on the supporting and guidance plate.
  • Figure 8. General view of the dies fixation system.
  • the developed pultrusion head 1 is an independent unit that can be easily mounted in conventional thermosetting composite pultrusion equipments to allow continuous production of long fibre reinforced thermoplastic matrix profiles. As mentioned before, the head is divided in three main zones: i) preheating zone, ii) a consolidation zone and, iii) a cooling zone
  • the ensemble of powder impregnated fibres 2 pulled from tows placed in a fibre tow holder is pre-heated by passing through a 70 x 84 mm rectangular and 625 mm length chamber of the 4,8 kW furnace 3 (Fig.l).
  • the furnace chamber 3 is independently heated in two zones (at the chamber entrance and exit) by resistances connected to an alternate power source of 220 V and 50 Hz that are made from helical Kanthal Al wires supported on Mulit ceramic tubes protected by a Cordierite ceramic plate.
  • 220 V and 50 Hz that are made from helical Kanthal Al wires supported on Mulit ceramic tubes protected by a Cordierite ceramic plate.
  • 2.4 kW resistances allow reaching the maximum temperature of 1000 °C inside the chamber. With such level of temperature, the system is compatible to work with any type of thermoplastic.
  • furnace 3 Rigid ceramic fibres are used for thermal isolation of furnace 3 thermal. To achieve better reflectance, the interior of the chamber was fully covered by Cordierite plates and lateral walls by rigid ceramic fibres and alumina. To facilitate the production beginning and access to the towpregs a split type design was used in the furnace to allow it being horizontally opened. For easy adaptation to different pultrusion machines, furnace 3 was also mounted on an 3kN vertical adjustable mobile table.
  • Temperature and power can be independently adjusted in the two chamber zones from a control panel by using a system consisting in: 2 solid state Eurotherm contactors protected by ultra-high speed cutting power fuses and 2 temperature controllers with microprocessor PID action Eurotherm 2116 connected to 2 type K thermal sensors installed inside of the pre-heating chamber.
  • the pre-impregnated tows enter in the consolidation zone, consisting in the thermal stabilised steel die 4.
  • Such die responsible for the formation of the composite profile, which consists in the lower and upper part 5 and 6, respectively, presents the machined split gap 11 that allows an easy separation of the parts by using an appropriate flatten and soft tool and the four zones shown in Fig. 2: Entrance 7 b) Pressurisation 8; c) Profile consolidation 9; d) Profile stabilisation 10;
  • the entrance zone 7 located at the initial part of the pressurisation and consolidation die 4, presents a large aperture to facilitate the entrance of the powder-coated towpregs 2.
  • the use of this zone allows towpregs to enter easily in the die and avoid the excessive accumulation of thermoplastic at die entrance.
  • the entrance zone was machined with concordance radii of 5 mm and inclinations higher than 7° to facilitate an easy alignment between the furnace chamber 3 and the consolidation die 4.
  • the full impregnation of fibres is achieved in the pressurisation zone 8 by flow of the melted thermoplastic trough the fibre interstices.
  • the die is 1° convergent to allow a gradual increasing of pressure on the ensemble of towpregs.
  • the material is compressed perpendicularly to pulling direction to allow achieving a profile without voids presenting the final thickness desired.
  • the die is also equipped with an ensemble of electric heating cartridges uniform distributed in the two parts of the die.
  • Two controllers connected with 2 Hotset type J thermal sensors placed in two die zones allow setting the die desired temperature between 0°C and 400°C by automatic control of the electrical power feeding.
  • a total length of 200 mm was used in the die of the pultrusion-head prototype used to produce a 24 x 4 x 2 mm U-shaped profile (Fig.3).
  • lengths of 40 mm and 115 mm were used in a 42 x 14 mm cross-sectional entrance and in the pressurisation zones, respectively.
  • the profile cross-section varies from an initial 28 x 2 mm cross-section to the final desired U-shaped cross- section.
  • such die presents a 5mm length in the stabilisation zone.
  • the profile obtained at the end of the consolidation die is finally solidified in the cooling zone.
  • This zone is constituted by die 12, which has a cross-section similar to that of the final profile and that is horizontally dismountable to facilitate passing the ensemble of powder coated towpregs at the process beginning.
  • This die is cooled by water circulation to maintain a constant temperature (Fig. 5).
  • a small split gap 15 was machined in the die to allow using a soft tool to separate its parts 13 and 14.
  • the pre-set cooling temperature is maintained constant by a Regloglas 17 model 90S/6/TP20/1K/RT22 thermo- regulator mounted in the water circuit having the following characteristics: Maximum temperature: 90°C; Power: 6 kW, Maximum flow: 60 1/min; Maximum pressure: 0.38 MPa.
  • the length of the cooling die as well as the diameter of the channels for circulation of cooling water were designed in order to maintain the desired minimum temperature. Such design the following items were taken in account: heat transported by the composite profile, heat changes with the exterior by convection, radiation and conduction and maximum heat that can be removed by the circulating water[14].
  • a type J model TEFl Hotset thermal sensor is used to control the cooling die. Minimum concordance radii of 5 mm and a minimum exit angle of 1° were used in the cooling die. A 5 mm ceramic plate was used between the consolidation and cooling dies to avoid unnecessary losses of energy.
  • FIG. 7 shows the general aspect of the assembly of the two dies before final attachment to the conventional pultrusion machine.
  • thermosetting composites having maximum pulling force of 60 kN.
  • Two types of thermoplastic powder were used as matrix: a polycarbonate (PC) from Bayer (Makrolon 2458) and a polypropylene (PP) from ICO Polymers France (Icorene 9184B P).
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PP polypropylene
  • Two types of fibres were also used: carbon fibres (C) from Amoco (Thornel T300/12/NT) and glass fibres (GF) from Owens Corning (OC 357 D).
  • Figure 3 schematically shows the produced PC/C profile.
  • the pultrusion head prototype allowed producing C/PC and GF/PP profiles with good mechanical properties and fibre mass fractions between 25% and 70% using pulling speeds of 0.2 to 2 m/min

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne la mise au point et la fabrication d'une tête de pultrusion (1) destinée à produire des profilés de composites à partir de câbles (2) de fibres revêtus de poudre (préimprégnés). Montée dans une machine de pultrusion de composites thermodurcissables traditionnelle, la tête de l'invention (1) permet de produire de façon continue des profilés thermoplastiques renforcés de fibres longues lorsqu'elle est alimentée en câbles de fibres revêtus de poudre. La tête de l'invention (1) comprend trois composants principaux : un four de préchauffage (3), une matrice de consolidation (4) et une matrice de refroidissement (12). La tête de l'invention a déjà permis la pultrusion de profilés en U en fibres de carbone et de verre renforcées 24x4x2 (mm) à matrices, respectivement, de polycarbonate (PC) et de polypropylène (PP), à des taux de production linéaires compris entre 0,2 et 2 m/min.
PCT/PT2001/000013 2000-07-14 2001-07-13 Tete de pultrusion permettant de produire des profiles a matrices thermoplastiques renforcees de fibres longues WO2002006037A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001269628A AU2001269628A1 (en) 2000-07-14 2001-07-13 Pultrusion head to produce long fibre reinforced thermoplastic matrix profiles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT10249300A PT102493A (pt) 2000-07-14 2000-07-14 Cabeca para pultrusao de perfis em termoplastico reforcado com fibras longas
PT102493 2000-07-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002006037A1 true WO2002006037A1 (fr) 2002-01-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/PT2001/000013 WO2002006037A1 (fr) 2000-07-14 2001-07-13 Tete de pultrusion permettant de produire des profiles a matrices thermoplastiques renforcees de fibres longues

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Country Link
AU (1) AU2001269628A1 (fr)
PT (1) PT102493A (fr)
WO (1) WO2002006037A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007107007A1 (fr) * 2006-03-22 2007-09-27 Resin Systems Inc. Appareil et procédé d'extrusion par étirage
WO2009106340A2 (fr) 2008-02-27 2009-09-03 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Dispositif de façonnage pour produire des produits semi-finis profilés, installation équipée d'un tel dispositif de façonnage et procédé de production de produits semi-finis profilés
WO2010071466A1 (fr) * 2008-12-20 2010-06-24 Universidade Do Minho Poteau en composite de matrice thermoplastique
ES2358580A1 (es) * 2009-05-21 2011-05-11 Ideko, S.Coop Instalación automatizada para construir grandes piezas estructurales de material composite y procedimiento de construcción de piezas con dicha instalación.
CN102363363A (zh) * 2011-10-25 2012-02-29 管印贵 纤维增强热塑性复合材料直接在线拉挤成型设备
EP2905122A1 (fr) * 2014-02-06 2015-08-12 Airbus Operations GmbH Procédés et agencements de pultrusion pour fabriquer un produit composite renforcé par des fibres
DE102018208875A1 (de) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Tauchkanten-Pultrusionswerkzeug
CN111580473A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-25 彩虹集团有限公司 一种液晶基板玻璃引出量自动控制的方法
RU2742170C1 (ru) * 2020-04-08 2021-02-02 Автономная некоммерческая образовательная организация высшего образования «Сколковский институт науки и технологий» Способ непрерывного изготовления термопластичного армированного пултрузионного профиля
US11072132B2 (en) * 2014-12-15 2021-07-27 Tecton Products, Llc Coating system and method
CN115122677A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-30 重庆泛锐科技有限公司 一种热塑性复合材料型材的拉挤成型设备

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2165470A1 (de) * 1971-12-30 1973-07-12 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Verfahren zur herstellung faserverstaerkter profilierter formelemente
EP0125472A2 (fr) * 1983-04-07 1984-11-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Procédé pour la fabrication d'objets conformés en sulfide de polyarylène et produit ainsi obtenu
EP0281130A2 (fr) * 1987-03-06 1988-09-07 Phillips Petroleum Company Dispositif et procédé pour la pultrusion d'articles en matière plastique renforcée
EP0383290A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-22 Phillips Petroleum Company Pultrusion thermoplastique
US5084222A (en) * 1987-02-13 1992-01-28 Atochem Pultrusion process

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2165470A1 (de) * 1971-12-30 1973-07-12 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Verfahren zur herstellung faserverstaerkter profilierter formelemente
EP0125472A2 (fr) * 1983-04-07 1984-11-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Procédé pour la fabrication d'objets conformés en sulfide de polyarylène et produit ainsi obtenu
US5084222A (en) * 1987-02-13 1992-01-28 Atochem Pultrusion process
EP0281130A2 (fr) * 1987-03-06 1988-09-07 Phillips Petroleum Company Dispositif et procédé pour la pultrusion d'articles en matière plastique renforcée
EP0383290A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-22 Phillips Petroleum Company Pultrusion thermoplastique

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
SALA G ET AL: "THE PULTRUSION OF POWDER-IMPREGNATED THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES", COMPOSITES, IPC BUSINESS PRESS LTD. HAYWARDS HEATH, GB, vol. 28A, no. 7, 1997, pages 637 - 646, XP000658861, ISSN: 0010-4361 *

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007107007A1 (fr) * 2006-03-22 2007-09-27 Resin Systems Inc. Appareil et procédé d'extrusion par étirage
US9044905B2 (en) 2008-02-27 2015-06-02 Airbus Operations Gmbh Forming device for manufacturing profiled semifinished products, system with such a forming device and method for manufacturing profiled semifinished products
WO2009106340A2 (fr) 2008-02-27 2009-09-03 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Dispositif de façonnage pour produire des produits semi-finis profilés, installation équipée d'un tel dispositif de façonnage et procédé de production de produits semi-finis profilés
CN101959673B (zh) * 2008-02-27 2017-02-08 空中客车营运有限公司 用于制造异型的半成品的成形装置、具有这样的成形装置的设备以及用于制造异型的半成品的方法
CN101959673A (zh) * 2008-02-27 2011-01-26 空中客车营运有限公司 用于制造异型的半成品的成形装置、具有这样的成形装置的设备以及用于制造异型的半成品的方法
WO2009106340A3 (fr) * 2008-02-27 2010-05-14 Airbus Operations Gmbh Dispositif de façonnage pour produire des produits semi-finis profilés, installation équipée d'un tel dispositif de façonnage et procédé de production de produits semi-finis profilés
WO2010071466A1 (fr) * 2008-12-20 2010-06-24 Universidade Do Minho Poteau en composite de matrice thermoplastique
ES2358580A1 (es) * 2009-05-21 2011-05-11 Ideko, S.Coop Instalación automatizada para construir grandes piezas estructurales de material composite y procedimiento de construcción de piezas con dicha instalación.
CN102363363A (zh) * 2011-10-25 2012-02-29 管印贵 纤维增强热塑性复合材料直接在线拉挤成型设备
CN102363363B (zh) * 2011-10-25 2013-07-17 管印贵 纤维增强热塑性复合材料直接在线拉挤成型设备
US10207467B2 (en) 2014-02-06 2019-02-19 Airbus Operations Gmbh Pultrusion methods and arrangements for manufacturing a fibre-reinforced composite product
EP3804970A1 (fr) * 2014-02-06 2021-04-14 Airbus Operations GmbH Procédés et agencements de pultrusion pour fabriquer un produit composite renforcé par des fibres
EP2905122A1 (fr) * 2014-02-06 2015-08-12 Airbus Operations GmbH Procédés et agencements de pultrusion pour fabriquer un produit composite renforcé par des fibres
US11602907B2 (en) 2014-12-15 2023-03-14 Tecton Products, Llc Coating system and method
US11072132B2 (en) * 2014-12-15 2021-07-27 Tecton Products, Llc Coating system and method
DE102018208875A1 (de) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Tauchkanten-Pultrusionswerkzeug
RU2742170C1 (ru) * 2020-04-08 2021-02-02 Автономная некоммерческая образовательная организация высшего образования «Сколковский институт науки и технологий» Способ непрерывного изготовления термопластичного армированного пултрузионного профиля
CN111580473A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-25 彩虹集团有限公司 一种液晶基板玻璃引出量自动控制的方法
CN115122677A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-30 重庆泛锐科技有限公司 一种热塑性复合材料型材的拉挤成型设备

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AU2001269628A1 (en) 2002-01-30
PT102493A (pt) 2002-01-30

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