Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
  • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
  • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
  • B01F35/71705—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using belts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
  • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
  • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
  • B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
  • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
  • B01F23/56—Mixing liquids with solids by introducing solids in liquids, e.g. dispersing or dissolving
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
  • B01F29/25—Mixers with rotating receptacles with material flowing continuously through the receptacles from inlet to discharge
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
  • B01F29/60—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers
  • B01F29/64—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers with stirring devices moving in relation to the receptacle, e.g. rotating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
  • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
  • B01F35/754—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer
  • B01F35/7541—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer using belts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
  • B01J2/12—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic in rotating drums
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
  • B03B5/02—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B08—CLEANING
  • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
  • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
  • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
  • B08B3/06—Cleaning involving contact with liquid using perforated drums in which the article or material is placed

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an arrangement in a drum, which drum is intended for treating material, the drum comprising a cylindrical piece that is arranged to rotate about its axis in its operating position, whereby the axis of the drum is substantially horizontal, and which piece comprises material lifting means arranged inside said piece.
• Rotating and cylindrical drums in which material to be treated can be mixed or washed, are known for treatment of material, such as various types of crushed aggregate and earth. Washing refers to treating e.g. polluted soil in a rotating drum, in which chemicals are mixed with the material or it is treated with superheated steam so as to remove impurities from the material.
• a continuously operating drum is constructed such that material to be treated is introduced into an elongated, cylindrical rotating drum at a first end thereof. The material passes in the axial direction of the drum towards a second end of the drum, wherefrom the material is discharged treated.
• Within the drum there are typically screw-like spirals that convey the material onwards.
• wing-like blades that ruffle the mate- rial are arranged inside the drum for the treatment.
• a drawback with these drums is that they take a lot of space in transport, because the drum is several meters in length.
• the object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement, by means of which it is possible to affect the material treatment time inside the drum in a simple manner.
• the arrangement enables such an implementation that the drum allows both batch use and continuous use.
• This is achieved by an arrangement according to the invention, which is characterized in that one or more of material lifting means arranged inside the cylindrical piece are secured by hinges to said piece enabling adjustment of the lifting means during the treatment.
• the arrangement according to the invention is based on the idea that the lifting means for moving and ruffling the material inside the drum having a horizontal axis are secured by hinges in the interior of the drum, whereby the angle of the lifting means can be adjusted for a variety of needs.
• the duration of the treatment can be steplessly controlled by utilizing the lifting means. Thanks to the arrangement, treatments of various types can be per- formed on the material in a manner required by the material or possible impurities therein.
• Figure 1 is a front view of a drum of the invention partly cut open;
• Figure 2 is a side view of a drum of the invention in partial cross section.
• Figure 3 is a schematic view of an arrangement according to the invention in connection with the drum.
• Figure 1 shows a drum of the invention cut open, seen in the axial direction of the drum.
• the drum is shown in its operating position, i.e. such that the drum axis is substantially horizontal.
• the drum comprises a cylindrical piece 1 that is arranged to receive material to be treated. This piece is also arranged to rotate about its axis and thus to mix the material introduced therein.
• a material treatment part of the drum is made to rotate about its axis by means of rollers, belts or wheels connected to electric motors, for instance.
• Such wheels 2 supported to the outer surface of the cylindrical piece are shown in Figure 1 , by way of example.
• the drum intended for treating material comprises a centre piece 3 arranged inside the cylindrical piece 1.
• the centre piece is secured fixedly into place, whereby the cylindrical piece can freely rotate around the centre piece.
• the stationary centre piece and the cylindrical piece are connected by a motion joint 4, at which the centre piece and the cylindrical piece partly overlap.
• the cylindrical piece, whose interior constitutes a treatment space of the material, is thus a cylinder whose end parts are open in the middle.
• the structure of the centre piece 3 is such that its centre portion, which is substantially located at the rotation axis of the cylindrical piece, is hollow.
• the hollowness of the centre piece 3 enables the material to be introduced into the treatment space inside the cylindrical piece 1 through the centre piece.
• the centre piece is provided with a feed opening 5 for the material to be treated, which feed opening is located substantially in a lower portion of the hollow interior of the centre piece. It is simple to feed the material into the drum through this feed opening, because the feed opening is disposed in the stationary centre part.
• Substantially leak-proof hatches that can be opened and closed are also arranged in connection with the feed opening.
• a plurality of material lifting means 7 are mounted by hinges inside the rotary cylindrical piece, the lifting means consisting of plates disposed in the axial direction of the cylindrical piece. These plates are secured to the inner surface of the cylindrical piece by hinges according to the invention such that as the piece rotates the planar surfaces of the lifting means face the direction of motion, and the lifting means extend from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical piece.
• the lifting means efficiently mix the material in the treatment space, ruffling and lifting it due to the rotating motion.
• all the lifting means need not be mounted by hinges.
• the interior of the drum may also comprise fixedly mounted lifting means.
• Providing the lifting means 7 of the arrangement of the invention by hinges enables the control of the lifting means such that the material can be made to fall off from the lifting means at a desired point. This permits versatile regulation of the material treatment time and enables a plurality of treatments of different types.
• the material is introduced into the drum as described above, by using a material feeding means, such as a conveyor belt 20, which is shown in the schematic cross section of the drum in Figure 2. By using the conveyor belt, the material can be transferred for treatment continuously in a simple manner while the belt supplies material above the hatch, wherefrom it can fall freely into the drum, into the treatment space.
• a material discharge opening 6 is also arranged in the centre piece, through which discharge opening the material that has been treated in the drum is discharged treated. The discharge opening is located substantially in the upper portion of the hollow interior of the centre piece as the drum is in its operating position.
• One or more openable hatches are arranged to cover the discharge opening, the opening degree of the hatches being adjustable.
• a material discharge means 21 is arranged below the discharge opening as the drum is in its operating position as described in Figure 2.
• This discharge means can be a conveyor belt, for instance.
• the material, which is lifted up by the lifting means 7 and whose discharge from the drum is desired, is dropped through the discharge opening onto the conveyor belt or the like, which conveys the treated and discharged material for further processing or use.
• the material lifting means comprise adjusting levers 31 of the lifting means, which levers extend outside the cylindrical piece.
• the adjusting levers are fixedly secured to the lifting means and thus rotate as the drum rotates.
• one or more guide rails 32, 33 of the lifting means are arranged outside the end portion of the drum.
• the function of the guide rails is to guide the position of the material lifting means 7 in an appropriate manner by means of the adjusting levers 31 as the drum rotates.
• the guide rails are secured to the stationary part of the drum, whereby the rails remain stationary as the drum rotates and guide each lifting means in the same manner.
• the whole consisting of the guide rail 32, 33, the adjusting lever 31 and the material lifting means 7 operates e.g. such that a wheel or the like is connected to an end of the adjusting lever 31 arm, which wheel presses against the guide rail. It is shown in Figure 3, how the adjusting levers press against the rail by the effect of the weight of the material lifting means.
• the adjusting lever is substantially connected to the surface level of the drum, in other words, on the same line with hinges of the lifting means.
• the lifting means is considerably heavier than the adjusting lever, the lifting means tends to turn as low as possible about its hinge by the effect of gravity.
• the guide rail is positioned such that the adjusting lever rests against it, whereby the angle of the material lifting means is adjustable by means of the guide rail.
• One or more of the guide rails of the arrangement according to the invention are preferably adjustable.
• the second guide rail 33 serves as an extension for the lower guide rail as shown in Figure 3.
• the upper guide rail 33 is of adjustable type, whereby its distance from the drum centre can be altered. However, the altering is performed perpendicularly to the axis of the drum, which makes sure that the adjustment works in an appropriate manner.
• the figure shows, how the upper guide rail 33 is hinged to the upper end of the lower guide rail 32. The upper end of the upper guide rail is then secured adjustably to a fixed structure. Adjusting can be performed, for instance, by using a spindle motor or another similar actuator 34.
• the aim of the guide rail adjustment is to affect the treatment time of the material to be treated.
• An auxiliary agent dispensing means 8 which can be e.g. an extruder-type nozzle, is arranged in the hollow centre piece of the drum.
• the function of the auxiliary agent dispensing means is to add auxiliary agent, such as binding agent, detergent or steam, needed in the treatment to the material to be treated.
• the above-mentioned steam or detergent can serve as the auxiliary agent.
• the auxiliary agent is simple to dispense into the described drum, because the dispensing means 8 is disposed in the stationary centre piece 3 of the drum. Thus, the dispensing can be directed accurately to the desired point in the treatment space.
• an appropriate dispensing point is at point 9, where the material to be treated falls downwardly in the treatment space, off from the lifting means 7.
• the dispensing of auxiliary agent for instance, as a spray, becomes in contact with as large amount of material as possible.
• the material may fall from the lifting means on a wide area, it can be appropriate, in certain cases, to make the falling point nar- rower and to guide the material more focused by a separate guide means 10, which is adjustably secured to the stationary centre piece 3 of the drum, the centre piece 3 being typically cylindrical.
• the arrangement according to the invention also comprises a scraping means 35 of the lifting means 7.
• the drum must then comprise the previously mentioned stationary centre piece, to which said scraping means is secured.
• the scraping means 35 is secured such that it is disposed in the upper portion of the drum.
• the material lifting means have dropped the lifted material at that point and they hang freely on their hinges.
• the scraping means consists of a plate that is disposed such that, as the drum rotates, the lifting means rub against the scraping means, whereby the material possibly adhering to the lifting means is scraped off said lifting means.
• the purpose of the guide means is to guide the lifting means 7 in the correct direction back to the lower portion of the drum, and on the other hand, to provide a vapour barrier inside the drum.
• Guiding the lifting means in the correct position to the lower portion of the drum is simply carried out such that the scraping means 35, as described in the above, turns the lifting means 7 into the opposite direction with respect to the rotating direction of the drum.
• the lifting means reach the end point of the guide means, i.e. almost the lower portion of the drum, the lifting means encounter the material to be treated such that the planar surface of the lifting means is substantially perpendicular to the material.
• the vapour barrier is formed inside the drum by a combined effect of the lifting means 7 and the guide means 36.
• the function of the vapour barrier is to direct steam that is possibly dispensed in the drum interior to pass along a desired path in the drum. Steam is dispensed into the drum by a dispensing means 8, which is typically located inside the drum, on that side of the drum where material is lifted upwardly.
• the vapour barrier forms such that a plurality of material lifting means are simultaneously guided by the guide means. As a consequence, steam is prevented from cir- culating on said path.
• the formation of the vapour barrier requires that the guide means extend from end to end in the axial direction of the drum and that the guide means be plane-like.
• the guide means is secured to the stationary centre piece of the drum in a corresponding manner by using a securing support 37, i.e. substantially airtightly.
• a complete vapour barrier and that is not an intention either, because the arrangement according to the invention allows an appropriate passage of the steam along the desired path.
• the drum implementing the arrangement according to the invention allows both batch use and continuous use, thanks to its characteris- tics.
• a desired amount of material to be treated is introduced into the drum through the feed opening 5.
• the drum is allowed to operate, with the same material inside the drum, until the desired treatment, e.g. washing, is carried out.
• the desired treatment e.g. washing
• it is possi- ble to close said opening or adjust the lifting means of the material such that the material cannot rise so high that it could fall from the discharge opening.
• the fixed lifting means can be adjusted so that the material falls at a right point for discharge.
• the above-described drum and the arrangement in connec- tion therewith are extremely versatile in use and readily transportable wherever needed thanks to its short axial measurement.
• the diameter of the cylindrical piece can be e.g. 4 m and the axial length only 2 m.
• a structure of this kind permits simple transportation, for instance, as a whole constructed on a carriage of a drawing vehicle, comprising necessary support structures and a drive for rotating the drum.

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (3)

• 2000
  • 2000-07-11 FI FI20001646A patent/FI111053B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2001
  • 2001-07-09 WO PCT/FI2001/000651 patent/WO2002004106A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2001-07-09 AU AU2001282172A patent/AU2001282172A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (3)

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