WO2002000498A1

WO2002000498A1 - Coated boat hull and method for production thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2002000498A1
Application number: PCT/EP2001/006832
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Göricke
Original assignee: Goericke Peter
Priority date: 2000-06-21
Filing date: 2001-06-18
Publication date: 2002-01-03
Also published as: DE10030517A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a boat hull (1), comprising a boat skin (2) and a coating on the exterior of the boat skin (2). The invention further relates to method for the production of a coated boat hull and a method for the application of a coating to the exterior of a boat skin of a boat hull. According to the invention it can be simply guaranteed that algae and other organisms are not deposited on the exterior of the boat, whereby the coating (4) is formed from a composite material, with an outer layer (5) comprising a plastic which is non-polar and/or in itself non-adhesive and/or which may not be rendered permanently adhesive and a three-dimensional support matrix (6), in which the plastic is at least partially embedded on the one side thereof (7) and the plastic is mechanically bonded to the support matrix (6) as a result of the embedding. The support matrix (6) is bonded to the boat skin (2) on the other side (8) thereof.

Description

Coated hull and method of making a coated hull ¹

The invention relates to a boat hull with a boat wall and a coating applied to the outside of the boat wall. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a coated boat hull and a method for applying a coating to the outside of a boat wall of a boat hull.

With boats, both small boats and large ships, the problem generally arises that after a certain time in the water, algae and other organisms accumulate on the outside of the boat wall. These deposits can lead not only to damage to the hull, but also to a significant reduction in the performance of the boat in question, since the more the deposits on the boat wall increase, the more the resistance of the hull to the water. In motor boats, this leads to increased fuel consumption.

In order to avoid deposits on the outside of the boat wall, it has already been proposed to apply a chemically effective coating on the outside of the boat wall to prevent the build-up of algae and the like. Prevent the like. However, these coatings not only cause the deposits on the boat wall to die, but also impair the organisms in the water and are therefore not environmentally compatible, so that in many countries such chemically active coatings are no longer permitted.

Since no suitable means has so far been found to prevent organic deposits on the outside of the boat wall, the practice has largely moved back to removing the deposits manually and purely mechanically. Such manual removal of the deposits from the boat wall is very time-consuming and, if it is carried out by specialist personnel, also cost-intensive.

The object of the present invention is now to provide a hull and method of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which simpler In this way it should be ensured that no algae and other organisms are deposited on the outside of the boat, but at least the tendency towards deposits is reduced.

The previously specified and derived object is essentially achieved in a boat body of the type mentioned at the outset in that the coating is formed as a composite material with an outer layer of a non-polar and / or independently non-adhesive and / or non-permanently adhesive plastic and a three-dimensional support matrix in which the plastic is at least partially embedded on one side of the support matrix and the plastic is mechanically connected to the support matrix due to the embedding, and that the support matrix is firmly connected to the boat wall on the other side.

According to the method, it is provided in the manufacture of the boat body that a layer of the aforementioned plastic is introduced into a negative mold, which is pourable or flowable, a carrier matrix being applied to the layer of plastic before the plastic hardens, so that the plastic is at least partially embedded in the carrier matrix on one side and is mechanically connected to the plastic due to the embedding after curing and the material of the boat wall is applied to the other side of the carrier matrix and is firmly connected to the carrier matrix.

While the aforementioned method relates to the production of a new boat body, it is also possible to subsequently implement the invention in existing boats. In this case, a three-dimensional carrier matrix is applied to a boat wall or is already provided on the boat wall, the layer of plastic being or being applied to the carrier matrix in such a way that the plastic is at least partially embedded on one side of the carrier matrix and because of it the embedding is mechanically connected to the carrier matrix. It goes without saying that it is fundamentally possible to apply the coating together as a composite material, ie carrier matrix and plastic, to the boat wall, or independently of one another. When the present invention came about, it was found that the use of the coating according to the invention in boat building means that algae and other organisms do not attach to the coating and thus to the boat body. The lack of inclination of algae and the like The like. Organic materials for attachment obviously lie in the lack of polarity of the plastic, which is a connection with or attachment of the algae and the like. Like. considerably more difficult, if not impossible. Especially in combination with silicone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene or polypropylene, this advantage is the lack of a tendency to adhere or accumulate algae and the like. to watch. This is an essential difference to polar plastics, from which the boat body or its boat wall is usually made. Such plastics, in particular due to their polarity, allow the accumulation of algae and the like. The like. Without further ado.

The use of non-polar plastics as an outer closed coating in connection with a boat body has obviously not been considered so far, since a coating consisting of a non-polar plastic cannot be permanently connected to the boat wall, since an non-polar plastic, as stated above , is not self-adhesive and, moreover, cannot be made permanently sticky.

However, the present invention is not limited to providing only the use of a non-polar plastic as a coating in connection with a boat body, since - as stated above - such a plastic cannot be permanently connected to the boat wall itself. In addition, the invention proposes the use of a three-dimensional carrier matrix in which the plastic is at least partially embedded on one side of the carrier matrix and the plastic is mechanically connected to the carrier matrix due to the embedding. The other side of the support matrix can then be firmly connected to the boat wall. Embedding the plastic in the carrier matrix ultimately results in a firm mechanical bond in the manner of a positive fit. As a result, the invention results in environmentally friendly protection for the boat body at a reasonable cost with a considerable service life. Furthermore, the surface is not toxic. However, it prevents overgrowth with algae and other aquatic organisms, largely cleans itself while driving and is necessary if necessary extremely easy to clean manually. Further important advantages of the invention lie in the reduction of the flow resistance and thus in a reduced fuel consumption.

In addition to the possibility to use a non-polar plastic for coating a boat body for the first time to prevent algae from adhering. To avoid the like on the outside of the boat wall, the use of the composite material made of the plastic layer and the carrier matrix offers the possibility of influencing the properties of the coating and also of the boat wall. Depending on the type of carrier matrix, the thickness of the carrier matrix and the plastic layer and the depth of the embedding, there are different (strength) properties of the coating and the boat wall.

In order not to have to fear a partial detachment of the coating from the boat wall even after prolonged use of the boat, the support matrix is preferably connected to the entire surface of the boat wall. In addition, the plastic should also be applied to the entire surface of the carrier matrix, so that there is no need to fear that algae or the like accumulate at any point. In addition, it should be ensured in this connection that the plastic layer is so thick that this layer protrudes beyond the support matrix at every point of the coating, so that there is a closed plastic surface on the outside in order to prevent algae from adhering. To prevent the carrier matrix.

As has already been explained above, it is possible to change the properties of the coating as a composite material using a wide variety of parameters. This also means that either a rigid or a flexible material is used as the carrier matrix. Depending on the application, it may be advisable to use either a rigid or a flexible material. Since the rigidity of the boat wall is already guaranteed by the material or the properties of the material of the boat wall, it is generally sufficient if a fabric, a fiber material, a pore-shaped material and / or a loop-shaped material is used as the carrier matrix. Preferred materials are glass fiber, glass fabric, carbon fiber fabric, Kevlar fabric, tear-off fabric, textile fabric, such as terry cloth in particular, and foam. Ultimately, it is crucial that a kind of three-dimensional grid with a results in the largest possible surface, which allows good embedding and thus a good mechanical bond or form fit.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the boat wall is at least partially embedded in the support matrix, the boat wall being mechanically connected to the support matrix due to the embedding. In this case, the configuration according to the invention is already implemented when a boat body is newly manufactured. The material of the boat wall, usually made of laminate, can be applied to the support matrix after the plastic and the support matrix have already been made into a corresponding negative shape. After the laminate of the boat wall and the plastic of the coating have hardened, a firm bond of all materials results.

However, the invention is not only limited to the new manufacture of boat bodies, in which the boat wall consists of a laminate that cures after processing, which is embedded in the carrier matrix after curing and is thus firmly connected to the carrier matrix. In principle, the invention can also be implemented in boat bodies in which the boat wall consists of a solid material, such as metal, wood, ceramic, plastic and / or composite materials, without the boat wall being connected directly to the support matrix. This is easily possible because the carrier matrix is a material that can be easily glued to the outside of the boat wall. Using the carrier matrix, it is therefore possible to apply the outer plastic, which is not to be glued to itself, to any possible boat wall.

Experiments have shown that, in particular, adhesives based on epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, unsaturated polyesters and / or polymetracylates are suitable as adhesives for the carrier matrix.

Furthermore, it has been found that the layer thickness of the carrier matrix depends on the material, but should in each case be greater than 0.2 mm. The penetration depth of the plastic and / or the adhesive should be greater than 0.1 mm, depending on the type and the layer thickness of the carrier matrix. With the aforementioned materials The following layer thicknesses and subsequent penetration depths are particularly preferred:

Material layer thickness in mm penetration depth in mm

Glass fiber 1.0 - ■ 4.0 0.5 - 2.0

Glass cloth 1.0 - - 3.0 0.3 - 1.0

Carbon fiber industry 0.5 - - 2.0 0.3 - 1.0

Kevlar fabric 0.5 - - 2.0 0.3 - 1.0

AAbriefiißßggeewweebbee 11,, 00 - - 44,, 00 1.0 - 4.0 textile fabric 1.0 - - 3.0 0.5 - 2.0

Foam 1.0 - 4.0 4.0 - 4.0

Despite the above-mentioned preferred materials, layer thicknesses and penetration depths, it should be pointed out that in general any material that permits penetration of the plastic or the adhesive from both sides is to be regarded as suitable. Different parameters can be specified through different penetration depths and different materials. Is z. B. uses a simple glass fiber fabric, which has no solid composite in itself, it is possible after applying the plastic by a suitable method such as spraying, dipping, rolling or the like and applying an epoxy resin on the back after curing the two plastics again to separate from each other, simply by tearing the fiberglass fabric. If a terry cloth or a stable foam is used instead of the glass fiber fabric, it is not easily possible to separate the two materials again. Other parameters such as strength of the bond or penetration depth can also be influenced by certain material combinations. Ultimately, the individual parameters must be coordinated for each application.

Further features of the present invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows

1 is a perspective view of a boat body with a coating according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of part of the boat body from FIG. 1, FIG.

3 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of another embodiment of a boat body according to the invention,

Fig. 4 - 6 views of different stages of manufacture for a boat body and

Fig. 7-9 views of different stages of manufacture during the subsequent coating of a boat body according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a boat body 1 of a boat of any dimensions is shown. The Bootsköφer 1 has a boat wall 2, which forms the entire outside of the Bootsköφer 1. On the outside 3 of the boat wall 2, a coating 4 is applied, the deposits of algae and. Prevent the like.

It is essential, and this applies to both embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 3, that the coating 4 is formed as a composite material and has at least two layers. An outer layer 5 is provided which consists of a non-polar and / or non-self-adhesive and / or non-permanent plastic. The plastic is preferably silicone, but other non-polar plastics such as fluoropolymers, polyethylene and / or polypropylene can also be used. In addition to the layer 5, the coating 4 has a three-dimensional carrier matrix 6. It is essential in this context that the plastic of the layer 5 on one side 7 of the carrier matrix 6 is at least partially embedded in it, so that a mechanical connection in the manner of a positive connection between the layer 5 and the carrier matrix 6 results due to the embedding. Furthermore, the support matrix 6 is firmly connected to the boat wall 2 on the other side 8.

In all versions, the support matrix 6 is connected to the entire surface of the boat wall 2, while it is embedded in the support matrix 6

Plastic of the layer 5 is applied over the entire surface of the carrier matrix 6. The outside 9 of the coating 4 is formed exclusively by the plastic. The carrier matrix 6 therefore does not protrude from the layer 5.

In the illustrated embodiments, a flexible fabric, in particular a terry cloth, is used as the carrier matrix, which is loop-shaped or loop-shaped on its two outer sides and is therefore particularly suitable for embedding on both sides. In principle, however, it is also possible, depending on the application, to use a rigid material or another flexible material for the carrier matrix. If appropriate, it also makes sense to design the carrier matrix in such a way that the plastic and thus the layer 5 can only be embedded in the carrier matrix 6 to a certain depth. This is particularly useful when the support matrix 6 is also provided for embedding the material of the boat wall 2, as shown in FIG. 2 and explained in more detail below.

The embodiment of the boat wall 2 of the boat body 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 is characterized in that the material of the boat wall 2 is embedded in the support matrix 6 at the transition, so that due to the embedding there is a mechanical connection between the boat wall 2 and the Carrier matrix 6 results. In the illustrated embodiment, the material of the boat wall 2 is a laminate. In a manner known per se, the laminate has one or a plurality of layers of glass fibers, fabrics, paper, wood or textiles which are bonded with binders such as laminating resins, in particular epoxy, melamine resins, thermoplastics etc.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the carrier matrix 6 is glued to the boat wall 2. For this purpose, an adhesive layer 10 is provided between the side 8 of the carrier matrix 6 and the outside 3 of the boat wall 2, with which the carrier matrix 6 is glued to the boat wall 2 over the entire surface. In the present case, an epoxy resin serves as the adhesive for the adhesive layer 10. The boat wall 2 itself can consist of any solid material, for example metal, wood, laminate or plastic.

4 to 6 it is now shown how a boat body 1, or part of a boat body 1 is produced with a coating according to the invention. How 4, the layer is first placed in a negative mold 11, with which the entire boat body 1 or only parts thereof can be produced

5 introduced from plastic. The plastic should have such a composition that it is thixotropic when applied so that layer 5 does not run. After the application of the layer 5 and before the hardening of the plastic, as can be seen from FIG. 5, the carrier matrix 6 is placed on the layer 5. The support matrix 6 is placed in such a way that the previously described embedding of the support matrix 6 in the layer 5 results. In particular after the plastic of the layer 5 has hardened, the material of the boat wall 2 is applied to the carrier matrix 6. This is a laminate of various layers that are glued with a laminating resin that hardens after application. At the same time, the laminating resin is connected for connection to the carrier matrix 6. Subsequently, an inner negative molded part, which is no longer shown, can be pressed on the inside against the material of the boat wall 2. If a laminate is used as the material for the boat wall, however, the use of an inner negative molded part is not necessary. It is important that the material of the boat wall 2 is also embedded in the support matrix 6, as shown in FIG.

6 is indicated. After the material of the boat wall 2 and the plastic of the layer 5 have hardened, the boat body 1 or the part of the boat body 1 is completed.

7 to 9 show the application of the coating 4 to an already existing boat wall 2. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the adhesive layer 10 is first applied to the boat wall 2. The carrier matrix 6 is then applied to the adhesive layer 10, as shown in FIG. 8. After the support matrix 6 has been applied, and in particular the firm connection of the support matrix 6 to the boat wall 2, the layer 5 is applied to the support matrix 6, again in such a way that the layer 5 is embedded in the support matrix 6. This state is shown in Fig. 9.

It goes without saying that it is in principle also possible to first apply the adhesive layer 10 to the carrier matrix 6 and then to apply the carrier matrix provided with the adhesive layer 10 to the boat wall 2.

It is also possible to first embed the carrier matrix 6 in the layer 5 and then glue this composite material to the boat wall 2. There are then two possibilities for this, namely on the one hand the application of the adhesive layer 10 with the boat wall 2 and on the other hand the application of the adhesive layer 10 on the carrier matrix 6.

Claims

claims:

1. boat body (1) with a boat wall (2) and an outside on the boat wall (2) applied coating (4), characterized in that the coating (4) is formed as a composite material with an outer layer (5) made of a non-polar and / or independently non-adhesive and / or permanently non-permanent plastic and a three-dimensional carrier matrix (6), in which the plastic is at least partially embedded on one side (7) of the carrier matrix (6) and the plastic mechanically due to the embedding the support matrix (6) is connected, and that the support matrix (6) on the other side (8) is firmly connected to the boat wall (2).

2. Bootsköφer according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer used is silicone polymer, fluorine polymer, polyethylene and / or polypropylene that, preferably, the plastic in the uncured state is thixotropic, that, preferably, plastic over the entire surface is applied to the carrier matrix (6) and that, preferably, the outside (9) of the coating (4) is formed exclusively by the plastic

3. boat body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support matrix (6) is connected over the entire surface to the boat wall (2), that, preferably, a rigid or flexible material is used as the support matrix (6), and that, preferably , a fabric, a fiber material, a pore-shaped material and / or a loop-shaped material, in particular glass fiber, glass fabric, carbon fiber fabric, Kevlar fabric, tear-off fabric, textile fabric such as terry cloth, or foam, is used as the carrier matrix (6).

4. Boot body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the boat wall (2) is at least partially embedded in the carrier matrix (6), that the carrier matrix (6) is mechanically connected to the boat wall (2) due to the embedding is that, preferably, the material of the boat wall (2) consists of a hardening material, in particular plastic or laminate, and that, preferably, the boat wall (2) consists of a solid material such as metal, wood, ceramic, plastic, Laminate and / or composite materials exist.

5. Boot body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier matrix (6) on the other side (8) with the outside (3) of the boat wall (2) is glued that, preferably, the carrier matrix (6) on the other side (8) is glued to the outside (3) of the boat wall (2), and that, preferably as an adhesive for the carrier matrix (6), adhesives based on epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, unsaturated polyesters and / or polymethacrylates are used.

6. boat body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layer thickness of the carrier matrix (6) is greater than 0.2 mm depending on the material and that, preferably, the depth of penetration of the plastic and / or the adhesive is greater than 0.1 mm.

7. A method for producing a boat body (1) with a boat wall (2) and a coating (4) applied to the outside of the boat wall (2), a layer (5) made of a pourable or flowable plastic being introduced into a negative mold, the non-polar and / or independently not to be adhesive and / or not to be permanently sticky, a three-dimensional carrier matrix (6) being applied to the layer (5) of plastic before the plastic has hardened, so that the plastic is on one side (7) the support matrix (6) is at least partially embedded in the support matrix (6) and, after curing, is mechanically connected to the plastic due to the embedding and the material of the boat wall is on the other side (8) of the support matrix (6) (2) applied and firmly connected to the carrier matrix (6).

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the material of the boat wall (2) is partially embedded in the support matrix (6) and is mechanically connected after the curing of the material of the boat wall (2) due to the embedding, and that, preferably, the material of the boat wall (2) is applied to the carrier matrix (6) after the plastic has hardened.

9. A method for applying a coating (4) on the outside (3) of a boat wall (2) of a boat body (1), wherein a three-dimensional Carrier matrix (6) is applied to a boat wall (2) or is provided on the boat wall (2), and wherein on the carrier matrix (6) a layer (5) made of a non-polar and / or independently non-adhesive and / or not permanently sticky plastic to be made is or is applied in such a way that the plastic is at least partially embedded on one side (7) of the carrier matrix (6) and is mechanically connected to the carrier matrix (6) due to the embedding.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastic is thixotropic when applied.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier matrix (6) is glued to the boat wall (2), and that, preferably, the plastic is applied to the carrier matrix (6) without a surface treatment of the plastic being carried out becomes.