EP4010176A1

EP4010176A1 - Method for producing a component and component herein

Info

Publication number: EP4010176A1
Application number: EP20753311.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Lennert HEILMANN
Original assignee: Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Current assignee: Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority date: 2019-08-09
Filing date: 2020-07-31
Publication date: 2022-06-15
Also published as: DE102019121563A1; WO2021028242A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a component from component material comprising at least one plastic material, wherein the method comprises the following steps: providing a component substrate from which the component is to be produced; applying a metal foil to the component substrate in at least one application section; consolidating the plastic material contained in the component substrate in such a way that the metal foil is bonded to the consolidated plastic material in the application section; and peeling the metal foil from the component substrate after consolidation.

Description

Method for manufacturing a component and component for this

The invention relates to a method for producing a component from a Bauma material which has at least one plastic material. The invention also relates to a component for this purpose.

Due to the weight-specific strength and rigidity of fiber composite parts that are made from a fiber composite material, such construction parts from the aerospace industry and many other areas of application, such as the automotive sector, are nowadays unimaginable. In the production of a fiber composite component, a matrix material embedding the fiber material is usually cured under the application of temperature and pressure and thus forms an integral unit with the fiber material after curing. The reinforcing fibers of the fiber material are thereby forced in their specified direction and can transfer the occurring loads in the specified direction.

Fiber composite materials from which such fiber composite components are produced generally have two main components, namely on the one hand a fiber material and on the other hand a matrix material. In addition, other secondary components can be used, such as binder materials or additional functional elements that are to be integrated into the component. If dry fiber materials are provided for the production, the matrix material of the fiber composite material is infused into the fiber material by an infusion process during the production process, through which the dry fiber material is impregnated with the matrix material. This usually happens due to a pressure difference between the matrix material and the fiber material, in that both for example, the fiber material is evacuated by means of a vacuum pump. In contrast to this, fiber composite materials are also known in which the fiber material is already pre-impregnated with the matrix material (so-called prepregs).

Before the matrix material hardens, the fiber material is usually introduced into a molding tool which, with its molding tool surface, simulates the subsequent component shape. Both dry and pre-impregnated fiber materials can be placed or introduced into the molding tool.

Fiber composite components have a number of disadvantages compared to isotropic materials when they are made, since the component shape of a fiber composite component usually has to be formed by appropriate molding tools, which represent a kind of negative imprint of the later component. It is therefore not uncommon for complex fiber composite components to be glued to one another in order to be able to produce the complex geometry from various components that are either made from fiber composite materials or are composed of isotropic materials.

Often such fiber composite components are also refined with paintwork and coatings, so that materials of this type that are applied to such a finished fiber composite component must be applied in a process-reliable manner and must hold securely on the surface of such a fiber composite component. Basically, there is a need for such coatings to adhere securely to the surface of the fiber composite component even under given stress conditions.

A method for applying a material to a surface of a fiber composite component is known from the post-published DE 10 2018 111 306.4, where a monofilament fabric with matrix material is arranged on the component surface and cured in a common process step with the matrix material of the fiber composite component before the material is applied becomes. After curing, the monofilament fabric is peeled off the component and then the material is applied. The hardening of the matrix materials results in the Boundary area between the component and the monofilament fabric a firm connection, the matrix material being broken cohesively in the boundary area by the tearing of the monofilament fabric.

From US 2013/0280488 A1 a method for the production of a fiber composite component is known, with a connection layer ("bond ply") and a tear-off layer (English: "peel ply") on the fiber composite component to prepare a joining surface is placed. After curing, the connection layer and the tear-off layer are removed from the component, whereby the joining surface of the component is activated for a further application step.

The use of tear-off fabric as a method for surface activation, however, harbors a fundamental contradiction in terms of the requirements. On the one hand, by tearing off the tissue, a clean, activated surface should be created. On the other hand, the fabric should be able to be pulled off by hand without great effort, and the component must not be damaged in the process.

It has also been shown that epoxy resins which were in contact with thermoplastic materials of the tear-off fabric during the curing process are poorly wettable and difficult to bond after removal of the thermoplastic material. On the basis of new findings, it can be assumed that an interaction between the molecules of the organic thermoplastic and the monomers of the epoxy resin in the curing phase is the cause of the poor wettability or adhesion.

Another disadvantage of conventional tear-off fabrics is that the components are often stored or transported for a long time (e.g. from overseas) before the next process step takes place. Since the tear-off fabric usually used is not a diffusion barrier, moisture can diffuse through the tear-off fabric into the components, so that they have an inadmissibly high moisture content at the time of processing. It is therefore often necessary to re-dry the components before applying further materials. It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an improved method for the manufacture of a component, in particular a fiber composite component, with which improved surface activation for the application of further materials can be achieved.

The object is achieved with the method according to claim 1, the component according to claim 14 and the tear-off film according to claim 15 according to the invention. Before partial embodiments of the invention can be found in the corresponding claims.

According to claim 1, a method for producing a component from a component material which has at least one plastic material is claimed, where a component substrate is initially provided from which the component is to be produced. The component substrate can consist of the plastic material, for example, without containing further fiber materials. The component substrate can, however, also have the fiber material of a fiber composite material, but without also containing the necessary matrix material at the time of provision. This is only infused into the fiber material of the component substrate at a later point in time. The component substrate can, however, also contain the fiber material and the matrix material embedding the fiber material.

Furthermore, at least one tear-off film is provided which has a metallic or ceramic surface on at least one application side. After the provision of the component substrate and the at least one tear-off film, the tear-off film with the metallic or ceramic application side is applied to the component substrate in at least one application section in order to protect the surface of the component substrate in the application section from contamination and the ingress of moisture during storage and transport to prepare and, above all, to activate them for later processing. The plastic material contained in the component substrate is then consolidated against the tear-off film applied in the application section, more precisely against the metallic or ceramic surface of the application side of the tear-off film, in order to connect the tear-off film cohesively and / or adhesively to the consolidated plastic material in the application section. In the context of the present invention, the consolidation of the plastic material is understood to mean that the plastic material is at least partially cured. It is also conceivable, however, that the plastic material is completely cured, ie the polymerisation processes of the plastic material are largely completed. This is also understood to mean that a plastic material solidifies without undergoing a chemical reaction if, for example, it was previously liquefied.

Finally, according to the invention, the tear-off film is now peeled off or removed from the component substrate after the consolidation step (for example in the form of tearing off) so that the surface of the component substrate thus formed is appropriately prepared and activated for further application steps.

The peeling process can be carried out manually or by machine, whereby the peeling force can be measured in the case of a machine peeling, which enables extended quality control and process monitoring.

It has been shown that the use of a tear-off fabric with a metallic or ceramic application surface (e.g. a particularly commercially available metal foil) to activate the surfaces of a plastic component, in particular a fiber composite component, produces a very good surface quality without the prior art Technique known disadvantages of using conventional tear-off fabric. Compliance with consistent material properties and consistent cleanliness is also much easier to achieve here than with conventional tear-off fabric without metallic or ceramic application surfaces.

The inventor has also recognized that, in particular, commercially available Me tallfolien in a generic manufacturing method for plastic components as Have tear-off fabric used. It was found, in particular, surprisingly, that such thin metal foils can be peeled off with a pull-off force even after the cohesive and / or adhesive connection with the plastic material, which does not damage either the metal foil or the component.

The tear-off foil can in particular consist of aluminum, stainless steel, copper, nickel, titanium or other alloys. In the case of a tear-off foil, in particular a metal foil, which comprises or is formed from aluminum, it is advantageous if it has a thickness of 50 to 350 μm. In the case of steel, it is advantageous if the tear-off film has a thickness of 20 to 200 μm. The tear-off film is particularly free of adhesion-inhibiting residues on the application side, which could remain on the component surface after peeling and thus interfere with the subsequent application process. In particular, the tear-off film is not a fabric or textile-like structure.

The tear-off foil can preferably have a metal oxide layer (e.g. aluminum oxide or chromium oxide) on one side or on both sides. The tear-off film can have a surface finish on one side or both sides, for example etching, blasting, anodizing, passivating, etc. (in particular on the application side).

In the most cost-effective case, the tear-off foil is a commercially available metal foil in the form of a roll, which is made available unpackaged. The required sections are cut to length, cut to size and applied to the component.

The tear-off film can preferably have a protective film or protective paper on one side or on both sides, whereby the cleanliness of the application surface is guaranteed. Unintentional contamination of the surface during transport, storage and processing can be avoided by the protection. The protection is removed immediately before the application. The plastic material can be, for example, epoxy-based materials (epoxy resin), duromers (eg polyethers, epoxy resins, vinyl esters, unsaturated polyesters, phenolic resins, etc.), thermoplastics and / or elastomers.

As already mentioned, the tear-off foil can be a pure metal foil or ceramic foil, which is or is produced, for example, in a metallic or ceramic rolling process. The carrier material of the tear-off film and the application side are formed together from the metallic or ceramic material. The metal foil therefore consists mainly of a metal material, the ceramic foil therefore consists mainly of a ceramic material.

According to one embodiment, the tear-off film can also be provided with a metallic or ceramic coating on the application side. In this embodiment, the carrier material of the tear-off film is not a metal or ceramic material, but a different material, for example a plastic material (the carrier material is a plastic film). By means of a coating process, the carrier material of the tear-off film is coated with a metallic or ceramic material on the application side, so that a metallic or ceramic surface is formed.

According to one embodiment it is provided that a fiber composite material is used as the component material, which has a fiber material and a matrix material that embeds the fiber material as plastic material in order to produce a fiber composite component. The component substrate can be a fiber preform made of fiber material, the tear-off film being applied to a fiber preform made of dry fiber materials or pre-impregnated fiber materials. When using dry fiber materials, the dry fiber materials are then infused with matrix material in an intermediate step. The matrix material contacts the applied tear-off film.

For consolidation, a vacuum build-up is created over the component substrate after the metal foil has been applied, in order to evacuate the component substrate and, if necessary to infuse the matrix resin. The component substrate is then cured under the vacuum build-up by temperature control and, if necessary, pressurization.

It has been shown that the use of a tear-off foil, for example a metal foil as a tear-off fabric under a vacuum build-up for the production of a fiber composite component, leads to the desired improved results.

According to one embodiment it is provided that at least one material is applied in the application section after the metal foil has been peeled off. Such a material can preferably be an adhesive, with at least one further component being glued on by means of the adhesive in the application section after the adhesive has been applied. By peeling off the tear-off film, the component surface is activated and treated for the joining operation to be performed on it. The joining partner can be a lacquer or a coating. The application of the material to be applied (e.g. adhesive, varnish, coating) should take place shortly after peeling, as there is a temporal decrease in surface reactivity.

The material to be joined can, however, also be a fiber composite material, with no separate adhesive layer being applied. Rather, the adhesive connection to the component surface activated by peeling off the tear-off film is produced by the matrix material of the composite material. For this purpose, the fiber composite material is applied as an uncured prepreg to the pretreated surface or applied as a dry fiber material and then grounded with matrix material. During the consolidation of the matrix material, the adhesive bond is produced by the hardening matrix material.

According to one embodiment it is provided that a separating material is introduced in at least one area of the application section between the substrate and the tear-off film in order to prevent the tear-off film from being connected to the substrate in this region. This area can be, for example, an edge area of the tear-off film, so that the tear-off film is particularly easy to peel off after the plastic material has been consolidated in this region. So creates a flap with the help of which the tear-off film can be peeled off from the component substrate.

According to one embodiment it is provided that a tear-off film is provided which has at least one linear predetermined breaking point, or that at least one linear predetermined breaking point is generated in the tear-off film, so that a plurality of segments are generated, the tear-off film segment by segment, with the linear predetermined breaking point being severed is peeled off from the component substrate. The presence of such a predetermined breaking point ensures that the tear-off film can be applied to the component substrate in one piece and then peeled off in strips. One possible production method is the rolling in of notches at intervals evenly distributed over the width of the film, which represent a material weakening of the tear-off film and thus determine the course of the tear when peeling off in strips. A separating material between the tear-off film and the substrate can be introduced at one end of each segment in order to form a pull tab for each segment.

According to one embodiment, however, it is also conceivable that a tear-off film is provided which has a plurality of individual segments that are connected to one another by means of a common carrier material on a rear side of the segments facing away from the component substrate, or that a plurality of individual segments with a common carrier material are connected to one another on a rear side facing away from the component substrate, the segments being peeled off from the component substrate by severing the carrier material between two segments. In this embodiment, the tear-off film consists of individual segments that are separate and separate from one another, the segments being connected to one another by means of a common carrier material.

Here, too, it is achieved that the tear-off film can be applied to the component substrate in one piece, in which case strip-shaped peeling of the individual segments (peeling off in segments) is possible. The individual and separate segments in front of each other can lie flush with one another or be arranged in an overlapping manner. According to one embodiment it is provided that a tear-off film is provided which has a reinforcing layer on a rear side facing away from the component substrate, or that a reinforcing layer is applied to a rear side of the tear-off film facing away from the component substrate. In a special embodiment for this purpose it can be provided that the reinforcement layer is a flat reinforcement textile. The reinforcement layer has a material that is different from the material of the tear-off film. However, it is also conceivable that the tear-off film is provided entirely without a reinforcement layer.

The tear-off film can be a flat structure produced in a rolling process that is in contact with the reinforcement layer. However, it is also conceivable that the metal is applied to the reinforcement layer as a metal layer or metal oxide layer in a chemical, electrochemical or physical deposition process. If the reinforcement layer is a plastic film, it can be metallized on one or both sides, i.e. a thin, continuous metal coating or metal oxide coating is applied by a deposition process.

If the metal layer is produced by a deposition process, the connection between the reinforcement layer and the metallization is designed in such a way that the structure can be peeled off from the component surface without leaving any residue. So there are no metallic particles left on the component surface after the peeling process.

The reinforcement layer or the flat reinforcement textile makes contact with the tear-off film. The flat reinforcing textile can be, for example, a woven fabric, knitted fabric or a fleece. The reinforcement layer or the flat reinforcement textile can be laid on loosely and connected to the tear-off film during the subsequent processing process, for example by impregnation with matrix material. The reinforcement layer or the flat reinforcement textile can, however, also be firmly connected to the tear-off film at the time it is made available. The reinforcement layer or the flat reinforcement textile can be glued to the back of the tear-off film, with this connection being sufficiently flexible is in order to be able to drape the tear-off foil on a complex surface geometry. After the plastic material has hardened against the tear-off film, it can be peeled off the component substrate together with the reinforcement layer or the flat reinforcement textile. The reinforcement layer or the flat reinforcement textile gives the tear-off film increased strength and prevents the tear-off film from tearing, while at the same time maintaining the flexibility of the tear-off film so that it can simply be peeled off. The reinforcement layer can be formed, for example, from a plastic layer or plastic film made from a duromer, thermoplastic or elastomer.

According to one embodiment it is provided that a tear-off film is provided which has a functional coating on the application side facing the component substrate, or that a functional coating is applied to the application side of the tear-off film facing the component substrate. In a particular embodiment for this purpose, it can be provided that the coating remains at least partially on the component substrate after the tear-off film has been peeled off and takes on further functions.

The coating can be, for example, an adhesion-promoting substance which, when the tear-off film is peeled off, causes a break in the plastic material, for example in the matrix material of the fiber composite material. However, it can also be a coating that remains wholly or partially on the component substrate and the later component, ie the coating can break cohesively when peeled off or it can completely detach from the tear-off film. The color of the coating can be designed in such a way that it contrasts with the color of the component substrate or the subsequent component. This is advantageous for the following joining operations in order to identify the joining zone. At the same time, the coating material remaining on the component substrate can take on special functions. For example, the coating can produce crack-stopping properties in a bond made on it through a material heterogeneity. In one embodiment it is provided that a tear-off film is provided which has a structuring, in particular a microstructuring, or that such a structuring, in particular a microstructuring, is produced. The structuring can in particular be provided or manufactured in such a way that, after the tear-off film has been peeled off, a structured surface is produced on the component substrate. The structuring can be provided or generated on the application side facing the component substrate.

The tear-off film can have a microstructuring in such a way that it results in a type of positive fit (micro-positive fit) with the plastic material, which when peeled off produces a cohesive fraction of fracture on the surface of the plastic material.

Such a structuring can be designed in such a way that unevenness and / or complex geometries (multiple curved) of the surface of the component substrate can be covered flat with the tear-off film. The structuring forms a material reservoir with the help of which the tear-off film can be stretched to a certain extent. In this way, unevenness can be leveled out, as the tear-off film can also be laid flat in depressions or over elevations. The material reservoir thus serves to provide additional film material to compensate for unevenness in the application section of the component substrate. The structuring is preferably carried out in the direction of the side of the tear-off film facing away from the building part substrate.

The tear-off film can advantageously have one or more holes or perforations, which are used for the escape of excess plastic material, in particular matrix material in an infusion process. Ideally, the openings or holes are so small that plastic material that has passed through breaks cohesively when the metal foil is peeled off. An imprint of the material located over the metal foil is undesirable in the area of the holes, since otherwise a surface is created that has irregular areas which may not be well suited for an adhesive process. After peeling, the component surface can have elevations in the area of the holes, the height of which depends on the hole diameter and the special structure of the film. Depending on the requirements of the subsequent joining process, the height of the elevations and the number and distribution of the elevations can be set via the design of the film. When the component is coated or painted, a low elevation may be desirable, which is achieved in particular by a small hole diameter. In the case of a subsequent joining process with a further component, however, larger elevations, typically in the range between 100 μm and 300 μm for structural bonds, may be desirable. These elevations can serve as spacers between the two components so that the adhesive applied between the components has a fixed and precisely defined adhesive layer thickness. In the case of a joining process under pressure, the elevations prevent in particular that too much of the applied adhesive is pressed out of the joining zone and the required adhesive layer thickness is not reached. Rather, the second component can be pressed against the first component until it contacts the resin-rich elevations of the first component. This ensures an adhesive layer that is equal to the height of the elevations.

Advantageously, the tear-off film can be folded over in a U-shape at at least one edge region for simply peeling off the tear-off film from the component sub. The upper part of the folded-over area therefore does not contact the plastic material and can be used as a pull tab after the consolidation. Special elements can also be applied to the top of the tear-off film in the edge area to enable the peeling process to begin.

The peeling off of the tear-off foil advantageously leads to an adhesive break between the tear-off foil and the plastic material or to a cohesive break close to the surface. In both cases, the surface can be easily bonded. The tear-off foil can be cut in an edge section so that the metal foil can be peeled off in strips from the component, which reduces the effort required.

Several sections of a tear-off film can be applied next to one another, whereby the sections can overlap.

The tear-off film can be applied over a large area to the component substrate or only in special areas in which a joining operation with appropriate materials is to be carried out later. If the tear-off film is only applied in particularly limited application sections, the remaining areas of the component substrate can be applied with dry or pre-impregnated tear-off fabric. The tear-off fabric is left out in the application section of the tear-off film or the tear-off fabric is arranged over the tear-off film. In this way, a firm connection between the tear-off fabric and the back of the tear-off film can be created, whereby the tear-off film can be peeled off at the same time when the tear-off fabric is peeled off later.

In the production of fiber composite components by means of a molding tool, the metal foil can be arranged on a molding tool surface of the molding tool. However, it is also conceivable that the metal foil is applied to an open side of the component substrate that does not face the molding tool.

The object is also achieved according to the invention with the component according to claim 14, wherein the component comprises a plastic material and is produced according to the method described above. The component can be, for example, a fiber composite component which is produced from a fiber composite material comprising a fiber material and a matrix material which embeds the fiber material. The plastic material on the film can be identical to the matrix material of the component to be consolidated, or it can differ in the chemical formulation The object is also achieved with the tear-off film according to the invention for use in the method described above, where the tear-off film has a layer of, in particular, uncured plastic material on an application side facing the component substrate. With this layer of plastic material, the tear-off film is then applied to the application section of the component substrate and the plastic material is consolidated, so that the tear-off film is connected to the plastic material of the sub-substrate via the plastic material. The tear-off foil can be a metal foil or a ceramic foil. It is also conceivable, however, that the tear-off film has a film-like carrier material that is provided with a metallic or ceramic coating on the application side.

Advantageous configurations of the metal foil can be found in the corresponding sub-claim.

The invention is explained in greater detail using the attached figures. Show it:

Figure 1a-c schematic representation of the process sequence;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a cross section of a metal foil in a particular embodiment;

Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a plan view of a segmented metal foil.

In the following exemplary embodiments, the tear-off foil is a pure metal foil. However, the exemplary embodiments described can also be carried out with other films.

The process sequence of the present invention is shown schematically in FIGS. 1a to 1c. FIG. 1a shows a component substrate 10 which, in the embodiment of FIG. 1a shown, can be, for example, a fiber composite component which has not yet been fully consolidated. Accordingly, the component substrate 10 can be a fiber preform which is formed either from dry fiber material or from pre-impregnated fiber material.

A metal foil 20 was applied to the provided component substrate 10 within an application section 12 of the component substrate 10 in order to prepare the surface of the application section 12 for a later joining operation.

Furthermore, a reinforcing textile 30 is arranged on the metal foil 20, which does not disturb the pliable character of the metal foil 20 and is intended to support the metal foil 20 with regard to its tear resistance when it is torn off or peeled off.

After the metal foil 20 has now been applied together with the reinforcement textile 30 to the application section 12 of the component substrate 10, the plastic material 14 contained in the component substrate 10 is consolidated or cured. If the component substrate 10 was provided in the form of dry fiber materials, Thus, in an infusion process, not shown, the plastic material 14 can be infused into the component substrate 10 in the form of a matrix material, the application side 22 of the metal foil 20 being wetted and contacted during the infusion. In the case of pre-impregnated fiber materials, the metal foil 20 would be placed with its application side 22 directly on the plastic material 14 already contained in the fiber material and thus contacted.

After the plastic material 14 has been consolidated, which can mean at least partial hardening of the plastic material 14 or complete hardening of the plastic material 14, the metal foil 20 is peeled off from the application section 12 of the component substrate 10, as shown in FIG. The molecules of the plastic material 14, for example an epoxy resin, contact a metal or a metal oxide, which is known for its comparatively high surface energy. It is assumed that in this case the reactive groups of the plastic material align in the direction of the metal foil and remain in this orientation due to the consolidation. If the metal foil 20 is then peeled off and removed, the adhesive bond between the plastic material 14 and the metal foil 20 is broken. The surface generated in this way has reactive groups that are aligned in the direction of the surface and are available for the formation of new adhesive bonds, e.g. with an applied adhesive or varnish.

If a relatively smooth metal foil 20 (for example supported by an oxide layer) is used, the bond between the plastic material 14 and the metal foil 20 is so weak that the metal foil 20 can be pulled off with little effort. It has been shown that even then the adhesively broken surface of the component substrate 10 is reactive, has a high surface energy and can easily be wetted.

If the bond between the plastic material 14 and the metal foil is strong, greater force is required when peeling off. This can ultimately lead to a partially or even completely cohesively broken surface of the console Dated plastic material 14, which is also very suitable for subsequent Kle beroperationen, since the cohesive break leads to free radicals on the surface. Such a higher bond between the plastic material 14 and the metal foil 20 can be achieved, for example, by microstructuring the metal foil 20 (formation of a micro-form fit) or by surface activation of the metal surface.

After the metal foil 20 has been peeled off from the component substrate 10, as shown in FIG. 1c, a further component 40 can be glued to the surface of the application section 12 activated in this way by means of an adhesive layer 41. In the event that an unconsolidated fiber composite component is glued on and is consolidated during the adhesive process, the adhesive 41 can also be the matrix material of the fiber composite component.

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment in which openings 24 are provided in the metal foil 20 so that excess plastic material (indicated by the arrows) can be discharged through the openings 24. The excess plastic material can be absorbed, for example, via a fabric placed over the perforated metal foil

FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a metal foil 20 which has a protective foil 28 on its lower application side 22 for protection against contamination. The reinforcing textile 30 is provided on the opposite side, with a protective paper 32 being arranged on the reinforcing textile 30. In this constellation, the metal foil 20 can be rolled up as roll goods on a roller or core.

Furthermore, the metal foil 20 has a plurality of predetermined breaking points 26 in the form of rolled-in notches which serve to form a desired and predetermined material weakening in these areas. As a result, the entire metal foil is divided into a multiplicity of metal foil segments 20a-20d, as a result of which the metal foil can be applied to the component substrate in one piece, but can be peeled off from it in segments. This is shown schematically by way of example in FIG. In one area there is a separating film 34, which is intended to prevent the metal film 20 from being connected to the plastic material of the component substrate 10, so that a pull tab 36 can be formed individually for each segment. As a result, each segment can be peeled off from the component substrate 10 one after the other, the metal foil 20 tearing at the predetermined predetermined breaking points 26.

List of reference symbols

10 component substrate

12 application section 14 plastic material

20 metal foil

20a-d metal foil segments

22 Application side of the metal foil

24 openings in the metal foil 26 predetermined breaking point 28 protective film 30 reinforcement textile 32 protective paper 34 separating film for pull tab 36 pull tab

Claims

Patent claims:

1. A method for producing a component from a component material which has at least one plastic material (14), the method comprising the following steps:

Providing a component substrate (10) from which the component is to be manufactured;

Providing at least one tear-off film (20) which has a metallic or ceramic surface on at least one application side (22);

Applying the at least one tear-off film (20) with the metallic or ceramic application side (22) to the component substrate (10) in at least one application section (12);

Consolidating the plastic mate rials (14) contained in the component substrate (10) in such a way that the metallic or ceramic surface of the tear-off film (20) is connected to the consolidated plastic material (14) in the application section (12); and

Peeling off the tear-off film (20) from the component substrate (10) after consolidation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tear-off foil (20) is provided in the form of a metal foil or ceramic foil or that a tear-off foil (20) is provided which is provided with a metallic or ceramic coating on the application side (22).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a fiber composite material is used as the component material, which has a fiber material and a matrix material embedding the fiber material as plastic material (14) in order to produce a fiber composite component.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one material is applied in the application section (12) after peeling off the tear-off film (20).

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the applied material is an adhesive, wherein in the application section (12) after the application of the adhesive at least one further component is glued by means of the adhesive.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in at least one area of the application section (12) between tween the component substrate (10) and the tear-off film (20) a separating material is brought in to connect the tear-off film in this area (20) with the component substrate (10).

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tear-off film (20) is provided which has at least one linienför shaped predetermined breaking point (26), or that at least one linear predetermined breaking point (26) is generated in the tear-off film (20) , so that a plurality of segments (20a-d) are generated, the tear-off film (20) being peeled off from the component substrate (10) segment by segment, cutting through the linear predetermined breaking point (26).

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tear-off film (20) is provided which has a plurality of individual NEN segments (20a-d), which by means of a common carrier material on a rear side facing away from the component substrate (10) of the segments (20a-d) are connected to one another, or that a plurality of individual Segmen th (20a-d) are connected to one another with a common carrier material on a rear side facing away from the component substrate (10), the segments (20a-d) be peeled off from the component substrate (10) while severing the carrier material between two segments (20a-d).

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tear-off film (20) is provided which has a reinforcing layer on a rear side facing away from the component substrate (10), or that on a rear side of the tear-off film facing away from the component substrate (10) (20) a reinforcement layer is applied.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the reinforcement layer is a flat reinforcement textile (30).

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tear-off film (20) is provided which has a functional coating on the application side (22) facing the component substrate (10), or that on the component substrate (10) facing application side (22) of the tear-off film (20) a functional coating is applied.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the coating after peeling off the tear-off film (20) remains at least partially on the construction part substrate (10) and takes on other functions.

13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tear-off film (20) is provided which has a structure, in particular a micro-structure, or that such a structure, in particular a micro-structure, is generated.

14. Component comprising at least one plastic material (14), the component being produced using the method according to one of claims 1 to 13.

15. Tear-off film (20) for use in the method according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the tear-off film (20) has a metallic or ceramic surface on at least one application side (22) and on the application side (10) facing the component substrate (10). 22) has a layer of plastic mate rial (14).

16. Tear-off foil (20) according to claim 15, characterized in that the tear-off foil (20) has at least one of the following features: at least one linear predetermined breaking point (26) such that a plurality of segments (20a-d) are generated wherein the tear-off film (20) can be peeled off from the component substrate (10) in segments while cutting through the linear predetermined breaking point (26); a plurality of segments (20a-d) which are connected to one another by means of a common carrier material on a rear side of the segments (20a-d) facing away from the component substrate (10), the segments

(20a-d) can be peeled off from the component substrate (10) by severing the carrier material; a reinforcement layer on a rear side facing away from the component substrate (10); - A functional coating on the component substrate (10) facing application side (22); and / or a structuring on the application side (22) facing the component substrate (10) such that a structured surface can be generated on the component substrate (10) after peeling off the tear-off film (20).