WO2001087022A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beherrschung von druckwellen in targets von spallations-neutronenquellen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beherrschung von druckwellen in targets von spallations-neutronenquellen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001087022A1 WO2001087022A1 PCT/DE2001/001599 DE0101599W WO0187022A1 WO 2001087022 A1 WO2001087022 A1 WO 2001087022A1 DE 0101599 W DE0101599 W DE 0101599W WO 0187022 A1 WO0187022 A1 WO 0187022A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cooling flow
- pressure waves
- target material
- liquid target
- bubbles
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H3/00—Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
- H05H3/06—Generating neutron beams
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for generating neutrons with the aid of a spallation effect according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Liquid metals such as lead and bismuth or their eutectic and mercury are used as target material in high-performance systems. Elements with a high mass number are particularly suitable because of the large number of neutrons in the atomic nucleus. Furthermore, due to their good heat transfer properties, the liquid metals also allow the heat generated in the spallation process to be dissipated safely.
- the targets of high-power spallation neutron sources are located in a thin-walled steel container through which the liquid target material (the liquid metal) flows.
- a flow of the liquid target material is generated within the container in such a way that in particular the wall area through which the proton beam penetrates into the container is effectively cooled.
- the spallation neutron sources are operated in pulsed mode to generate high short-term neutron fluxes.
- the proton beam which is supposed to release neutrons, strikes the target material periodically with a frequency of a few 10 Hertz and per period only for a very short time of approx. 1 ⁇ s.
- the nuclear reactions deposit very high energy in the liquid target material, so that a very strong pressure wave with pressure values of 1000 bar and above is formed therein.
- These strong pressure waves in the liquid target material lead to tensions in the structure of the target container that significantly exceed the permissible material values. Without further measures, the target container will therefore be destroyed after just a few pulses.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to create a method for generating neutrons with the aid of a spallation effect, with which the pressure waves can be controlled without the disadvantages associated with gas bubble input.
- the vapor bubbles are so unstable that they collapse in the pressure wave range when a pressure wave hits. By collapsing, they contribute to damping.
- the vapor bubbles are also so stable that they increase the compressibility of the cooling flow of the liquid target material and thereby, e.g. in the edge area of the pressure waves, contribute to damping the pressure waves.
- the acceleration of the partial cooling flow also creates high shear forces in the liquid target material, which break up gas bubbles created by outgassing and help to ensure that these are distributed more evenly in the partial cooling flow. This also improves the damping of the pressure waves.
- the vapor bubbles are so unstable that they collapse in a period of time between two successive proton beam pulses when they are transported out of the vacuum region by the cooling flow. There is therefore no need for a device for separating the generated vapor bubbles.
- a small proportion of the cooling flow of the liquid target material is branched off and conducted via one or more pipelines within the target container in the vicinity of the area in which the pressure waves arise from the incident proton beam.
- the partial cooling flow is switched off in suitable devices, e.g. Nozzles, orifices or the like, accelerated to such an extent that cavitation effects occur in a vacuum region formed by the acceleration.
- suitable devices e.g. Nozzles, orifices or the like
- vapor bubbles are formed within the liquid target material, which are generally evenly distributed. If a proton beam now generates a pressure wave in the liquid target material and this hits the negative pressure area, the vapor bubbles in it collapse.
- the pressure wave does not collapse, it increases the compressibility of the cooling flow and thus also contributes to damping the pressure wave.
- the described device for generating the negative pressure region in the target container also effects gas bubbles that are already in the cooling stream of the liquid target material, e.g. due to entrainment effects on free surfaces of the cooling circuit or from the spallation processes, another positive effect.
- the acceleration of the coolant results in high shear forces within the vacuum region, which break up these gas bubbles and thus lead to an even distribution of the gas bubbles. This also has a positive effect on the damping of the pressure waves.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01947124A EP1281297A1 (de) | 2000-05-06 | 2001-04-26 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beherrschung von druckwellen in targets von spallations-neutronenquellen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10022211.0 | 2000-05-06 | ||
DE10022211A DE10022211C2 (de) | 2000-05-06 | 2000-05-06 | Verfahren zur Beherrschung von Druckwellen in Targets von Spallations-Neutronenquellen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001087022A1 true WO2001087022A1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
Family
ID=7641086
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2001/001599 WO2001087022A1 (de) | 2000-05-06 | 2001-04-26 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beherrschung von druckwellen in targets von spallations-neutronenquellen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030190008A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1281297A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10022211C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001087022A1 (de) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1273674A2 (ru) * | 1985-07-11 | 1986-11-30 | Военная Ордена Ленина,Ордена Октябрьской Революции И Ордена Суворова Академия Им.Ф.Э.Дзержинского | Гаситель колебаний давлени жидкости |
SU1312296A1 (ru) * | 1985-05-14 | 1987-05-23 | Уфимский Нефтяной Институт | Гаситель колебаний давлени |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3349001A (en) * | 1966-07-22 | 1967-10-24 | Stanton Richard Myles | Molten metal proton target assembly |
US3623130A (en) * | 1969-05-16 | 1971-11-23 | Ca Atomic Energy Ltd | Target assembly for a thermal neutron generator |
CA1062813A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1979-09-18 | Ronald E. Turcotte | Well logging method and apparatus |
US3993910A (en) * | 1975-12-02 | 1976-11-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research & Development Administration | Liquid lithium target as a high intensity, high energy neutron source |
DE2850069C2 (de) * | 1978-11-18 | 1983-01-05 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Target für Spallationsneutronenquellen |
US4309249A (en) * | 1979-10-04 | 1982-01-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Neutron source, linear-accelerator fuel enricher and regenerator and associated methods |
US5768329A (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 1998-06-16 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Apparatus for accelerator production of tritium |
US5870447A (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1999-02-09 | Brookhaven Science Associates | Method and apparatus for generating low energy nuclear particles |
US6477217B1 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2002-11-05 | Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute | Target for neutron scattering installation |
-
2000
- 2000-05-06 DE DE10022211A patent/DE10022211C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-04-26 US US10/275,431 patent/US20030190008A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-26 WO PCT/DE2001/001599 patent/WO2001087022A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-04-26 EP EP01947124A patent/EP1281297A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1312296A1 (ru) * | 1985-05-14 | 1987-05-23 | Уфимский Нефтяной Институт | Гаситель колебаний давлени |
SU1273674A2 (ru) * | 1985-07-11 | 1986-11-30 | Военная Ордена Ленина,Ордена Октябрьской Революции И Ордена Суворова Академия Им.Ф.Э.Дзержинского | Гаситель колебаний давлени жидкости |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Week 198731, Derwent World Patents Index; Class Q67, AN 1987-219469, XP002178450 * |
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Week 198801, Derwent World Patents Index; Class Q67, AN 1988-005903, XP002178451 * |
O'BRIEN K J ET AL: "Neutron activation and shielding of the Light Ion Fusion Target Development Facility", PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH TOPICAL MEETING ON THE TECHNOLOGY OF FUSION ENERGY, KNOXVILLE, TN, USA, 26-28 APRIL 1983, vol. 4, no. 2, pt.2-3, Nuclear Technology/Fusion, Sept. 1983, USA, pages 883 - 888, XP001016060, ISSN: 0272-3921 * |
TALEYARKHAN R P ET AL: "Overcoming thermal shock problems in liquid targets", 2000 ANNUAL MEETING OF AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY (PAPERS IN SUMMARY FORM ONLY), SAN DIEGO, CA, USA, 4-8 JUNE 2000, vol. 82, Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 2000, ANS, USA, pages 25 - 26, XP001027816, ISSN: 0003-018X * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10022211C2 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
EP1281297A1 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
DE10022211A1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
US20030190008A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
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