WO2001082402A1 - Method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell - Google Patents

Method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001082402A1
WO2001082402A1 PCT/EP2001/004681 EP0104681W WO0182402A1 WO 2001082402 A1 WO2001082402 A1 WO 2001082402A1 EP 0104681 W EP0104681 W EP 0104681W WO 0182402 A1 WO0182402 A1 WO 0182402A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plates
zinc
cell
negative
positive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/004681
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Waldemar Solopa
Original Assignee
Accumulatorenwerke Hoppecke Carl Zoellner & Sohn Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Accumulatorenwerke Hoppecke Carl Zoellner & Sohn Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Accumulatorenwerke Hoppecke Carl Zoellner & Sohn Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2001082402A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001082402A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H01M4/244—Zinc electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
    • H01M10/30—Nickel accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention generally refers to a method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell with soluble zinc anodes, having a stack of alternately arranged negative and positive plates.
  • Nickel/zinc cells with soluble zinc anodes are in an early stage of development at present. Several particular features of these cells make them very attractive as source of energy for electric vehicles.
  • the nickel/zinc cell known from this document comprises a stack of alternately arranged negative and positive plates. These adjacent plates are arranged with a fixed distance to each other to allow free movement of electrolyte and zinc particles between the plates.
  • the key technical feature of the cell described in the patent application No P- 338407 is that between the adjacent plates there is, practically, electrolyte only. In a conventional point of view there is no separator between the adjacent plates. Distance between the different, adjacent, plates is maintained with the help of small spacing slugs, distributed over the plates' surface. As one disadvantage of the know cell "mud" - small particles of nickel and nickel compounds - is falling down from the positive plates while using the cell. During charge, these particles have a tendency to be build up into zinc layer. As a result, reduction of hydrogen overvoltage on zinc surface occurs and zinc corrodes.
  • the technical solution consists in providing a method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell with soluble zinc anodes, having a stack of alternately arranged negative and positive plates, whereby its positive and negative stack of plates is crosswised by magnetic flux and current collectors of negative plate are not made of a ferromagnetic material, respectively made of non ferro-magnetic material.
  • the free cell volume which is filled with electrolyte only, offers new possibilities of zinc corrosion reduction.
  • the inventive method of zinc corrosion reduction rests on four basic features of cell's internal environment:
  • the inventive method of zinc corrosion reduction rests on this that the negative plates' current collectors are made of a non-ferromagnetic material and that the magnetic flux crosswises the stack of plates.
  • Magnetic flux generated by a source, crosswising the stack of plates, secondary magnetize the positive plates and the particles of the mud floating in the electrolyte.
  • an enticing force is created and the particles of the mud are separated from the negative plates, because the negative plates do not magnetize in such extent like the positive plates. That is because of the fact, that the negative plates are made of a material which is non-ferromagnetic.
  • the magnetic flux can come from a source, which is located outside the positive and negative stack of plates of the cell. This offers the possibility to produce the nickel/zinc cell in an economic way. As an further advantage it is also possible to retrofit the magnetic source.
  • a permanent magnet is used as the magnetic source.
  • This kind of magnetic source can be arranged very easily.
  • the said stack of plates are arranged inside a closed housing and the permanent magnet is located outside this housing.
  • a second housing can be provided that surround the first housing and the permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic flux can come from properly prepared positive plates. For instance, current collectors of utter positives can be permanently magnetized.
  • the cell shown in Figure 1 is made of flat, smooth positive and negative plates 2 and 4.
  • a classic separation system is not designated, rather there is electrolyte between the adjacent, different, plates 2 and 4 of the cell only.
  • Proper distance between the plates is maintained with the help of small spacing slugs, fastened in the main bodies of negative plates' current collectors. For instance there can be drilled holes which serve as places where spacing slugs are fastened.
  • the notion "spacing slugs”, means in particular cylindrical, small elements/diameter about one millimetre made of an isolator. These slugs stand out of the collectors surface.
  • the main role of the spacing slugs is to maintain constant distance between conducting parts of adjacent plates. The spacing slugs are not shown in Figure 1.
  • the current collectors of negative plates 4 are made of a non-ferromagnetic material and the whole stack of plates is crosswised with a magnetic flux, generated by permanent magnet 1 as a source of magnetic flux.
  • the magnetic flux causes secondary magnetizing of positive plates 2 and all particles 3 of the mud floating in the electrolyte. Between the particles 3 of the mud and the surfaces of the positive plates there is created an enticing force. This force prevents the particles 3 from coming into the negative plates. Because of the attraction caused by the magnetic flux the particles are rather forced to stay at the positive plate 2 and subsequently the corrosion of zinc is reduced.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention generally refers to a method of zinc corrosion reduction in nickel/zinc cell with soluble zinc anodes, having a stack of alternately arranged negative (4) and positive (2) plates. In these cells there is not any classic separation system. Between adjacent, different, plates of the cell, there is only electrolyte. Proper distance between the plates is maintained with the help of small spacing slugs, fastened in the main bodies of negative plates' current collectors. The inventive method of zinc corrosion reduction in such a cell is based on this, that current collectors of negative plates are made of non-ferromagnetic material and the whole stack of plates is crosswised with a magnetic flux. The magnetic flux causes secondary magnetizing of positive plates and all particles of the mud (3) floating in the electrolyte. Between particles of mud and surfaces of positives there is created an enticing force. It prevents the pollution from coming into negative plates, reducing this way, corrosion of zinc.

Description

Method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell
The present invention generally refers to a method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell with soluble zinc anodes, having a stack of alternately arranged negative and positive plates.
Nickel/zinc cells with soluble zinc anodes are in an early stage of development at present. Several particular features of these cells make them very attractive as source of energy for electric vehicles.
A generic cell is described in the Polish patent application No P-338407. The nickel/zinc cell known from this document comprises a stack of alternately arranged negative and positive plates. These adjacent plates are arranged with a fixed distance to each other to allow free movement of electrolyte and zinc particles between the plates.
The key technical feature of the cell described in the patent application No P- 338407 is that between the adjacent plates there is, practically, electrolyte only. In a conventional point of view there is no separator between the adjacent plates. Distance between the different, adjacent, plates is maintained with the help of small spacing slugs, distributed over the plates' surface. As one disadvantage of the know cell "mud" - small particles of nickel and nickel compounds - is falling down from the positive plates while using the cell. During charge, these particles have a tendency to be build up into zinc layer. As a result, reduction of hydrogen overvoltage on zinc surface occurs and zinc corrodes.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell which overcomes the described drawback and which prevents the zinc to great extent from corrosion.
The technical solution consists in providing a method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell with soluble zinc anodes, having a stack of alternately arranged negative and positive plates, whereby its positive and negative stack of plates is crosswised by magnetic flux and current collectors of negative plate are not made of a ferromagnetic material, respectively made of non ferro-magnetic material.
The free cell volume, which is filled with electrolyte only, offers new possibilities of zinc corrosion reduction. The inventive method of zinc corrosion reduction rests on four basic features of cell's internal environment:
from the positive plates there are falling down small particles of nickel and nickel compounds, so-called "mud". During charge, these particles have a tendency to be build up into zinc layer. As a result, reduction of hydrogen overvoltage on zinc surface occurs and zinc corrodes;
all particles of "mud" have features of ferromagnetic materials;
positive plates are ferromagnetic, too;
because of the absence of any classic separators between the positive and negative plates there are no mechanical hindrances
The inventive method of zinc corrosion reduction rests on this that the negative plates' current collectors are made of a non-ferromagnetic material and that the magnetic flux crosswises the stack of plates. Magnetic flux, generated by a source, crosswising the stack of plates, secondary magnetize the positive plates and the particles of the mud floating in the electrolyte. Between the positive plates and the particles of the mud an enticing force is created and the particles of the mud are separated from the negative plates, because the negative plates do not magnetize in such extent like the positive plates. That is because of the fact, that the negative plates are made of a material which is non-ferromagnetic.
According to a further aspect of the invention the magnetic flux can come from a source, which is located outside the positive and negative stack of plates of the cell. This offers the possibility to produce the nickel/zinc cell in an economic way. As an further advantage it is also possible to retrofit the magnetic source.
According to further aspect of the invention a permanent magnet is used as the magnetic source. This kind of magnetic source can be arranged very easily. For practical use the said stack of plates are arranged inside a closed housing and the permanent magnet is located outside this housing. A second housing can be provided that surround the first housing and the permanent magnet. As an further aspect the magnetic flux can come from properly prepared positive plates. For instance, current collectors of utter positives can be permanently magnetized.
Further features and advantages become obvious from the following description of a preferred embodiment in connection with the drawing. In the Figure it is shown a schematic cross-section of a cell with soluble zinc anodes.
The cell shown in Figure 1 is made of flat, smooth positive and negative plates 2 and 4. A classic separation system is not designated, rather there is electrolyte between the adjacent, different, plates 2 and 4 of the cell only. Proper distance between the plates is maintained with the help of small spacing slugs, fastened in the main bodies of negative plates' current collectors. For instance there can be drilled holes which serve as places where spacing slugs are fastened. The notion "spacing slugs", means in particular cylindrical, small elements/diameter about one millimetre made of an isolator. These slugs stand out of the collectors surface. The main role of the spacing slugs is to maintain constant distance between conducting parts of adjacent plates. The spacing slugs are not shown in Figure 1. The current collectors of negative plates 4 are made of a non-ferromagnetic material and the whole stack of plates is crosswised with a magnetic flux, generated by permanent magnet 1 as a source of magnetic flux. The magnetic flux causes secondary magnetizing of positive plates 2 and all particles 3 of the mud floating in the electrolyte. Between the particles 3 of the mud and the surfaces of the positive plates there is created an enticing force. This force prevents the particles 3 from coming into the negative plates. Because of the attraction caused by the magnetic flux the particles are rather forced to stay at the positive plate 2 and subsequently the corrosion of zinc is reduced.
Reduction of zinc corrosion lead to improving nickel/zinc cells of soluble anodes. Such cells can be a cheap alternative to other rechargeable sources of electric power.
List of References
1 source of magnetic flux
2 positive plates of the cell
3 particles of the mud, floating in the electrolyte
4 negative plate of the cell.

Claims

Patent claims
1. Method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell with soluble zinc anodes, having a stack of alternately arranged negative and positive plates, characterized in that its positive and negative stack of plates (2, 4) is crosswised by magnetic flux and current collectors of negative plate (4) are made of non-ferromagnetic material.
2. Method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the positive and negative stack of plates (2, 4) of the said cell is crosswised by lines of force of magnetic field, which source is located outside the positive and negative stack of plates of the said cell.
3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the positive and negative stack of plates (2, 4) of the said cell is crosswised by lines of force of magnetic field whereby the source of the said field is a permanent magnet (1 ), which poles are located outside the positive and negative stack of plates of the said cell.
PCT/EP2001/004681 2000-04-25 2001-04-25 Method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell WO2001082402A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL00339929A PL339929A3 (en) 2000-04-25 2000-04-25 Method of reducing zinc corrosion in a nickel-zinc voltaic cell
PLP.339929 2000-04-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001082402A1 true WO2001082402A1 (en) 2001-11-01

Family

ID=20076538

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2001/004681 WO2001082402A1 (en) 2000-04-25 2001-04-25 Method of zinc corrosion reduction in a nickel/zinc cell

Country Status (2)

Country Link
PL (1) PL339929A3 (en)
WO (1) WO2001082402A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017079301A (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-04-27 株式会社ジェイテクト Power storage device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2079408A3 (en) * 1970-02-13 1971-11-12 Glemser Oskar Separation electrode for metals
JPH02155174A (en) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-14 Brother Ind Ltd Storage battery
FR2764737A1 (en) * 1997-06-13 1998-12-18 Scps Zinc electrodeposition in applied magnetic field

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2079408A3 (en) * 1970-02-13 1971-11-12 Glemser Oskar Separation electrode for metals
JPH02155174A (en) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-14 Brother Ind Ltd Storage battery
FR2764737A1 (en) * 1997-06-13 1998-12-18 Scps Zinc electrodeposition in applied magnetic field

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
M. WASKASS AND Y. I. KHARKATS: "Magnetoconvection phenomena : a mechanism for influence of magnetic fields on electrochemical process", JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B, vol. 103, no. 23, 1999, pages 4876 - 4883, XP002177119 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 411 (E - 0973) 5 September 1990 (1990-09-05) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017079301A (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-04-27 株式会社ジェイテクト Power storage device

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PL339929A3 (en) 2001-11-05

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