WO2001066769A1 - Novel polypeptide--- a human yiplp28 and polynucleotide encoding it - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a human Yiplp28 and polynucleotide encoding it. The invention also concerns the process of producing the polypeptide by recombinant DNA technique. The methods for treating many diseases e.g. malignant tumor, hemopathy, infection of HIV, immunological diseases and a variety of inflammations etc. utilizing the polypeptide are disclosed. The invention discloses the antagonist against the polypeptide and therapeutics thereof. The invention also discloses the uses of the polynucleotide, which encodes a human Yiplp28.

Description

 A new polypeptide, human Yiplp28, and a polynucleotide encoding this polypeptide

 The present invention belongs to the field of biotechnology. Specifically, the present invention describes a new polypeptide, human Yiplp28, and a polynucleotide sequence encoding the polypeptide. The invention also relates to the preparation method and application of the polynucleotide and polypeptide.

# 术 背景

All proteins and membrane transport between secretory organelles and the endocytosis pathway have a complex regulatory mechanism. This complex mechanism ensures the specificity and directness of vesicle protein transport, and also ensures the dynamic balance of membrane material between organelles. Experiments have shown that both specific proteins in specific transport steps and proteins with similar functions in different transport steps participate in vesicle transport [Rothm an, JE and Wieland, FT (1996) Science, 272, 227-234] ₀ Some of these proteins are highly conserved in evolution [Bennett, M. Land Scheller, RH (1994) Annu. Rev. Biochera., 63, 63-100]. These proteins are the same GTPases of the Ypt / Rab family, and members of the Ypt / Rab family play a decisive role in vesicle docking and membrane fusion [Lazar, T., GOETTE, ra. AND Gallwitz, D. (1997) Trends Biochem. Sci., 22, 468-472]. GTPases are fused with vesicle proteins as part of vesicle proteins during transport, so this process is transient and difficult to study by biochemical methods. However, the two-hybrid method can be used to study the protein-protein reaction. Therefore, biologists have used the yeast two-hybrid approach to study the yeast GTPases Yptlp and Ypt31p. These two GTPases are necessary for the protein to go from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus and inside the Golgi apparatus. During the research, a 27kDa protein, Yilpp, was found, which specifically binds to wild-type GTPase, but not Ypt6p or Ypt7p. Yiplp participates in the specific membrane binding of two YptGTP enzymes, and this binding process runs through the entire biosynthesis stage.

 Ypt / Rab GTPase is an essential regulator of membrane transport during specific stages of secretion and intracellular endocytosis [Novick, P. and Zerial, M. (1997) Curr. Opin. Cel 1 Biol., 9,496— 504]. Yiplp is a complete membrane protein and specifically binds to two different GTPases, Yptlp and Ypt31p. Yiplp specifically binds these two GTPases and transports them to the Golgi membrane. In fact, Yiplp is a GTPase receptor.

Yiplp has all the structural characteristics of intact membrane proteins, such as a transmembrane domain that occupies half the molecular size and is located at the C-terminus, with the N-terminus facing the cytoplasm [Xiaoping Yang, Hugo T. et al., (1998) EM BO J sep 1; 17 (17): 4954-4963]. Yiplp exists in Golgi in a very stable form It is highly expressed on the membrane and in the endoplasmic reticulum.

 The human polypeptide of the present invention has 41% identity and 60% similarity with Yiplp at the protein level, and has conserved characteristic sequence fragments similar to Yiplp. Based on the above points, the new gene of the present invention is considered to be similar to the gene encoding Yiplp, named human Yiplp28, and it is speculated that it has similar biological functions.

 As mentioned above, the human Yilpp28 protein plays an important role in regulating important functions of the body such as cell division and embryonic development, and it is believed that a large number of proteins are involved in these regulatory processes, so there has been a need in the art to identify more human Yilpp28 proteins involved in these processes In particular, the amino acid sequence of this protein is identified. The isolation of the new gene encoding the Yiplp28 protein also provides a basis for research to determine the role of the protein in health and disease states. This protein may form the basis for developing diagnostic and / or therapeutic drugs for diseases, so isolating its coding DNA is important. Object of the invention

 It is an object of the present invention to provide an isolated novel polypeptide, A Yiplp28, and fragments, analogs and derivatives thereof.

 Another object of the invention is to provide a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a recombinant vector containing a polynucleotide encoding human Yiplp28. It is another object of the present invention to provide a genetically engineered host cell containing a polynucleotide encoding human Yiplp28.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing human Yiplp28.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an antibody against the polypeptide of the present invention, human Υρ1ρ28 ·. Another object of the present invention is to provide mimic compounds, antagonists, agonists, and inhibitors directed to the polypeptide of the present invention, human Yipl _P 28.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for diagnosing and treating diseases associated with abnormalities in human Yiplp28. Summary of invention

 The present invention relates to an isolated polypeptide, which is of human origin and comprises: a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 2, or a conservative variant, biologically active fragment or derivative thereof. Preferably, the polypeptide is a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.

The invention also relates to an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence or a variant thereof selected from the group consisting of: (a) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 2;

 (b) a polynucleotide complementary to polynucleotide (a);

 (c) A polynucleotide having at least 70% identity to a polynucleotide sequence of (a) or (b).

 More preferably, the sequence of the polynucleotide is one selected from the group consisting of: (a) a sequence having positions 140-1024 in SEQ ID NO: 1; and (b) a sequence having 1-1586 in SEQ ID NO: 1 Sequence of bits.

 The present invention further relates to a vector, particularly an expression vector, containing the polynucleotide of the present invention; a host cell genetically engineered with the vector, including a transformed, transduced or transfected host cell; Host cell and method of preparing the polypeptide of the present invention by recovering the expression product.

 The invention also relates to an antibody capable of specifically binding to a polypeptide of the invention.

 The invention also relates to a method for screening compounds that mimic, activate, antagonize or inhibit the activity of human Yiplp28 protein, which comprises utilizing the polypeptide of the invention. The invention also relates to compounds obtained by this method.

 The present invention also relates to a method for detecting a disease or susceptibility to disease associated with abnormal expression of human Yilpp28 protein in vitro, comprising detecting a mutation in the polypeptide or a polynucleotide sequence encoding the same in a biological sample, or detecting the present invention in a biological sample. The amount or biological activity of the polypeptide.

 The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a polypeptide of the invention or a mimetic thereof, an activator, an antagonist or an inhibitor, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

 The present invention also relates to the use of the polypeptide and / or polynucleotide of the present invention in the preparation of a medicament for treating cancer, developmental disease or immune disease or other diseases caused by abnormal expression of human Yiplp28.

 Other aspects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the techniques herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

 The following drawings are used to illustrate specific embodiments of the invention, but not to limit the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

 Fig. 1 is a comparison diagram of amino acid sequence homology between the present inventors Yiplp28 and Yiplp. The upper sequence is human Yiplp28, and the lower sequence is Yiplp. Identical amino acids are represented by single-character amino acids between the two sequences, and similar amino acids are represented by "+".

Figure 2 shows the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of isolated human Yilpp28. 28KDa is the molecular weight of the protein. The arrow indicates the isolated protein band. Summary of the invention

 The following terms used in this specification and claims have the following meanings unless specifically stated: "Nucleic acid sequence" refers to an oligonucleotide, a nucleotide or a polynucleotide and a fragment or part thereof, and may also refer to a genomic or synthetic DNA or RNA, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, representing the sense or antisense strand. Similarly, the term "amino acid sequence" refers to an oligopeptide, peptide, polypeptide or protein sequence and fragments or portions thereof. When the "amino acid sequence" in the present invention relates to the amino acid sequence of a naturally occurring protein molecule, such "polypeptide" or "protein" does not mean to limit the amino acid sequence to a complete natural amino acid related to the protein molecule .

 A "variant" of a protein or polynucleotide refers to an amino acid sequence having one or more amino acids or nucleotide changes or a polynucleotide sequence encoding it. The changes may include deletions, insertions or substitutions of amino acids or nucleotides in the amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence. Variants can have "conservative" changes, in which the amino acid substituted has a structural or chemical property similar to the original amino acid, such as replacing isoleucine with leucine. Variants can also have non-conservative changes, such as replacing glycine with tryptophan.

 "Deletion" refers to the deletion of one or more amino acids or nucleotides in an amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence.

 "Insertion" or "addition" means that a change in the amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence results in an increase in one or more amino acids or nucleotides compared to a molecule that exists in nature. "Replacement" refers to the replacement of one or more amino acids or nucleotides with different amino acids or nucleotides.

 "Biological activity" refers to a protein that has the structure, regulation, or biochemical function of a natural molecule. Similarly, the term "immunologically active" refers to the ability of natural, recombinant or synthetic proteins and fragments thereof to induce a specific immune response and to bind specific antibodies in a suitable animal or cell. ·

 An "agonist" refers to a molecule that, when combined with human Yi pl p28, causes a change in the protein to regulate the activity of the protein. An agonist may include a protein, a nucleic acid, a carbohydrate, or any other molecule that binds human Yi p p28.

 An "antagonist" or "inhibitor" refers to a molecule that, when combined with human Yi pl p28, can block or modulate the biological or immunological activity of human Yi pl p28. Antagonists and inhibitors may include proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, or any other molecule that can bind human Yi p p28.

 "Regulation" refers to a change in the function of human Yi pl p28, including an increase or decrease in protein activity, a change in binding properties, and any other biological, functional or immune properties of human Yi pl p28.

"Substantially pure ¹ 'means substantially free of other proteins, lipids, sugars or other substances with which it is naturally associated. Those skilled in the art can purify human Yilpp28 using standard protein purification techniques. Essentially pure human Yilpp28 A single main band can be generated on a non-reducing polyacrylamide gel. Purity of human Yilpp28 peptide Available amino acid sequence analysis.

 "Complementary" or "complementary" refers to the natural binding of polynucleotides by base-pairing under conditions of acceptable salt concentration and temperature. For example, the sequence "C-T-G-A" can be combined with the complementary sequence "G-A-C-T". The complementarity between two single-stranded molecules may be partial or complete. The degree of complementarity between nucleic acid strands has a significant effect on the efficiency and strength of hybridization between nucleic acid strands.

 "Homology" refers to the degree of complementarity and can be partially homologous or completely homologous. "Partial homology" refers to a partially complementary sequence that at least partially inhibits hybridization of a fully complementary sequence to a target nucleic acid. The inhibition of such hybridization can be detected by performing hybridization (Southern imprinting or Northern blotting, etc.) under conditions of reduced stringency. Substantially homologous sequences or hybridization probes can compete and inhibit the binding of fully homologous sequences to the target sequence under conditions of reduced stringency. This does not mean that the conditions of reduced stringency allow non-specific binding, because the conditions of reduced stringency require that the two sequences bind to each other as a specific or selective interaction.

 "Percent identity" refers to the percentage of sequences that are the same or similar in a comparison of two or more amino acid or nucleic acid sequences. The percent identity can be determined electronically, such as by the MEGALIGN program (Lasergene software package, DNASTAR, Inc., Madison Wis.). The MEGALIGN program can compare two or more sequences according to different methods such as the Cluster method (Higgins, D. G. and P.M. Sharp (1988) Gene 73: 237-244). The Cluster method arranges groups of sequences into clusters by checking the distance between all pairs. The clusters are then assigned in pairs or groups. The percent identity between two amino acid sequences such as sequence A and sequence B is calculated by the following formula:

 Number of residues matching between sequence and sequence B

Number of residues in sequence ^-number of interval residues in sequence ^ number of interval residues in sequence ^ ^X

The percent identity between nucleic acid sequences can also be determined by the Cluster method or by methods known in the art such as Jotun Hein (Hein J., (1990) Methods in enzymology 183: 625-645). ₀

"Similarity" refers to the degree of identical or conservative substitutions of amino acid residues at corresponding positions in the alignment of amino acid sequences. Amino acids used for conservative substitution, for example, negatively charged amino acids may include aspartic acid and glutamic acid; positively charged amino acids may include lysine and arginine; having an uncharged head group is Similar hydrophilic amino acids may include leucine, isoleucine and valine; glycine and alanine; asparagine and glutamine; serine and threonine; phenylalanine and tyrosine.

 "Antisense" refers to a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a particular DNA or RNA sequence. "Antisense strand" refers to a nucleic acid strand that is complementary to a "sense strand."

"Derivative" refers to HFP or a chemical modification of its nucleic acid. This chemical modification may be the replacement of a hydrogen atom with an alkyl, acyl or amino group. Nucleic acid derivatives encode major organisms that retain natural molecules Peptides with chemical properties.

"Antibody" refers to a complete antibody molecule and its fragments, such as Fa,? (^) ₂ and? It can specifically bind to the epitope of human Yilpp28.

 A "humanized antibody" refers to an antibody in which the amino acid sequence of a non-antigen binding region is replaced to become more similar to a human antibody, but still retains the original binding activity.

 The term "isolated" refers to the removal of a substance from its original environment (for example, its natural environment if it is naturally occurring). For example, a naturally-occurring polynucleotide or polypeptide is not isolated when it is present in a living thing, but the same polynucleotide or polypeptide is separated from some or all of the substances that coexist with it in the natural system. Such a polynucleotide may be part of a certain vector, or such a polynucleotide or polypeptide may be part of a certain composition. Since the carrier or composition is not part of its natural environment, they are still isolated.

 As used herein, "isolated" refers to the separation of a substance from its original environment (if it is a natural substance, the original environment is the natural environment). For example, polynucleotides and polypeptides in a natural state in a living cell are not isolated and purified, but the same polynucleotides or polypeptides are separated and purified if they are separated from other substances in the natural state .

 As used herein, "isolated human Πρ1ρ28" means that human Yiplp28 is substantially free of other proteins, lipids, sugars, or other substances with which it is naturally associated. Those skilled in the art can purify human Yiplp28 using standard protein purification techniques. Substantially pure peptides can produce a single main band on a non-reducing polyacrylamide gel. The purity of human Yiplp28 polypeptide can be analyzed by amino acid sequence.

 The present invention provides a new polypeptide, human Yiplp28, which basically consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. The polypeptide of the present invention may be a recombinant polypeptide, a natural polypeptide, or a synthetic polypeptide, and preferably a recombinant polypeptide. The polypeptides of the present invention can be naturally purified products or chemically synthesized products, or can be produced from prokaryotic or eukaryotic hosts (eg, bacteria, yeast, higher plants, insects, and mammalian cells) using recombinant techniques. Depending on the host used in the recombinant production protocol, the polypeptide of the invention may be glycosylated, or it may be non-glycosylated. Polypeptides of the invention may also include or exclude starting methionine residues.

The invention also includes fragments, derivatives and analogs of human Yilpp28. As used in the present invention, the terms "fragment", "derivative" and "analog" refer to a polypeptide that substantially retains the same biological function or activity of the human Yiplp28 of the present invention. A fragment, derivative or analog of the polypeptide of the present invention may be: (I) a type in which one or more amino acid residues are substituted with conservative or non-conservative amino acid residues (preferably conservative amino acid residues), and the substitution The amino acid may or may not be encoded by a genetic codon; or (Π) such a type in which a group on one or more amino acid residues is substituted by another group to include a substituent; or UII) such a Species, in which the mature polypeptide and another compound (Such as a compound that extends the half-life of a polypeptide, such as polyethylene glycol), or (IV) a polypeptide sequence in which an additional amino acid sequence is fused into a mature polypeptide (such as a leader sequence or a secreted sequence or used to purify this) Peptide sequence or protease sequence). As set forth herein, such fragments, derivatives and analogs are considered to be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

 The present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid (polynucleotide), which basically consists of a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. The polynucleotide sequence of the present invention includes the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. The polynucleotide of the present invention is found from a cDNA library of human fetal brain tissue. It contains a polynucleotide sequence with a total length of 1586 bases, and its open reading frame 140-1024 encodes 257 amino acids. According to the amino acid sequence homology comparison, it was found that this polypeptide has 41% homology with Yi pl p, and it can be deduced that the human Y i pl p28 has similar structure and function to Yi pl p.

 The polynucleotide of the present invention may be in the form of DM or RNA. DNA forms include cDNA, genomic DNA, or synthetic DNA. DNA can be single-stranded or double-stranded. DNA can be coding or non-coding. The coding region sequence encoding a mature polypeptide may be the same as the coding region sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a degenerate variant. As used herein, a "degenerate variant" refers to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a protein or polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 2 but different from the coding region sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the present invention.

 The polynucleotide encoding the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2 includes: only the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide; the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide and various additional coding sequences; the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide (and optional additional coding sequences); Coding sequence.

 The term "polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide" refers to a polynucleotide comprising the polypeptide and a polynucleotide comprising additional coding and / or non-coding sequences. One

 The invention also relates to variants of the polynucleotides described above, which encode polypeptides or fragments, analogs and derivatives of polypeptides having the same amino acid sequence as the invention. Variants of this polynucleotide can be naturally occurring allelic variants or non-naturally occurring variants. These nucleotide variants include substitution variants, deletion variants, and insertion variants. As known in the art, an allelic variant is an alternative form of a polynucleotide that may be a substitution, deletion, or insertion of one or more nucleotides, but does not substantially change the function of the polypeptide it encodes .

The invention also relates to a polynucleotide that hybridizes to the sequence described above (having at least 50%, preferably 70% identity between the two sequences). The invention particularly relates to polynucleotides that can hybridize to the polynucleotides of the invention under stringent conditions. In the present invention, "strict conditions" means: (1) hybridization and elution at lower ionic strength and higher temperature, such as 0.2xSSC, 0.1% SDS, 60 ° C; or (2) Add a denaturant during hybridization, such as 50% (v / v) formamide, 0.1% calf serum / 0.1% Fico ll, 42 ° C, etc .; or (3) Hybridization occurs only when the identity between the two sequences is at least 95% or more, and more preferably 97% or more. In addition, the polypeptide encoded by the hybridizable polynucleotide has the same biological function and activity as the mature polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.

 The invention also relates to nucleic acid fragments that hybridize to the sequences described above. As used in the present invention, a "nucleic acid fragment" contains at least 10 nucleotides in length, preferably at least 20-30 nucleotides, more preferably at least 50-60 nucleotides, and most preferably at least 100 cores. Glycylic acid or more. Nucleic acid fragments can also be used in nucleic acid amplification techniques, such as PCR, to identify and / or isolate polynucleotides encoding human Yiplp28.

 The polypeptides and polynucleotides in the present invention are preferably provided in an isolated form and are more preferably purified to homogeneity. The specific polynucleotide sequence encoding human Yiplp28 of the present invention can be obtained by various methods. For example, polynucleotides are isolated using hybridization techniques well known in the art. These techniques include, but are not limited to: 1) hybridization of probes to genomic or cDNA libraries to detect homologous polynucleotide sequences, and 2) antibody screening of expression libraries to detect cloned polynucleosides with common structural characteristics Acid fragments.

 The DNA fragment sequence of the present invention can also be obtained by the following methods: 1) isolating the double-stranded DNA sequence from the genomic DNA; 2) chemically synthesizing the DNA sequence to obtain the double-stranded DNA of the polypeptide.

 Of the methods mentioned above, genomic DNA isolation is the least commonly used. Direct chemical synthesis of DNA sequences is often the method of choice. The more commonly used method is the isolation of cDNA sequences. The standard method for isolating the cDNA of interest is to isolate mRNA from donor cells that overexpress the gene and perform reverse transcription to form a plasmid or phage cDNA library. There are many mature techniques for mRNA extraction, and kits are also commercially available (Qiagene). The construction of cDNA libraries is also a common method (Sambrook, et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989). Commercially available cDNA libraries are also available, such as different cDNA libraries from Clontech. When polymerase reaction technology is used in combination, even very small expression products can be cloned.

 The genes of the present invention can be screened from these cDM libraries by conventional methods. These methods include (but are not limited to): (l) DNA-DNA or DNA-RNA hybridization; (2) the presence or absence of marker gene functions; (3) measuring the level of human Yilpp28 transcripts; (4) through immunology Technology or measurement of biological activity to detect protein products expressed by genes. The above methods can be used singly or in combination.

In the method (1), the probe used for hybridization is homologous to any part of the polynucleotide of the present invention, and its length is at least 10 nucleotides, preferably at least 30 nucleotides, more preferably At least 50 nucleotides, preferably at least 100 nucleotides. In addition, the length of the probe is usually within 2000 nucleotides, preferably within 1000 nucleotides. The probe used here is usually a DNA sequence chemically synthesized based on the gene sequence information of the present invention. The genes or fragments of the present invention can of course be used as probes. DNA probes can be labeled with radioisotopes, luciferin, or enzymes (such as alkaline phosphatase). In the (4) method, immunological techniques such as Western blotting, radioimmunoprecipitation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be used to detect the protein product expressed by the human Yilpp28 gene.

 A method using PCR technology to amplify DNA / RNA (Saiki, et al. Science 1985; 230: 1350-1354) is preferably used to obtain the gene of the present invention. In particular, when it is difficult to obtain a full-length CDM from a library, the RACE method (RACE- rapid cDNA end amplification method) can be preferably used. The primers for PCR can be appropriately based on the polynucleotide sequence information of the present invention disclosed herein. Select and synthesize using conventional methods. The amplified DM / RNA fragment can be isolated and purified by conventional methods such as by gel electrophoresis.

 The polynucleotide sequence of the gene of the present invention or various DNA fragments and the like obtained as described above can be measured by a conventional method such as dideoxy chain termination method (Sanger et al. PNAS, 1977, 74: 5463-5467). Such polynucleotide sequences can also be determined using commercial sequencing kits and the like. In order to obtain the full-length cDNA sequence, sequencing needs to be repeated. Sometimes it is necessary to determine the cDNA sequence of multiple clones in order to splice into a full-length cDNA sequence.

The present invention also relates to a vector comprising the polynucleotide of the present invention, and a host cell genetically engineered using the vector of the present invention or directly using human Yipl _P 28 coding sequence, and a method for producing the polypeptide of the present invention by recombinant technology.

 In the present invention, a polynucleotide sequence encoding human Yiplp28 can be inserted into a vector to constitute a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide of the present invention. The term "vector" refers to bacterial plasmids, phages, yeast plasmids, plant cell viruses, mammalian cell viruses such as adenoviruses, retroviruses, or other vectors well known in the art. Vectors suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to: T7 promoter-based expression vectors expressed in bacteria (Rosenberg, et al. Gene, 1987, 56: 125); pMSXND expression vectors expressed in mammalian cells ( Lee and Nathans, J Bio Chem. 263: 3521, 1988) and baculovirus-derived vectors expressed in insect cells. In short, as long as it can be replicated and stabilized in the host, any plasmid and vector can be used to construct a recombinant expression vector. An important feature of expression vectors is that they usually contain origins of replication, promoters, marker genes, and translational regulatory elements.

Methods known to those skilled in the art can be used to construct expression vectors containing a DNA sequence encoding human Yilpp28 and appropriate transcriptional / translational regulatory elements. These methods include in vitro recombinant DNA technology, DM synthesis technology, and in vivo recombination technology (Sambroook, et al. Molecular Cloning, a Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989). The DNA sequence can be operably linked to an appropriate promoter in an expression vector to guide mRNA synthesis. Representative examples of these promoters are: the lac or trp promoter of E. coli; the PL promoter of lambda phage; eukaryotic promoters include the CMV immediate early promoter, the HSV thymidine kinase promoter, the early and late SV40 promoters, Retroviral LTRs and other known controllable genes in prokaryotic cells Promoters expressed in cells or eukaryotic cells or their viruses. The expression vector also includes a ribosome binding site and a transcription terminator for translation initiation. Insertion of enhancer sequences into the vector will enhance its transcription in higher eukaryotic cells. Enhancers are cis-acting factors for DNA expression, usually about 10 to 300 base pairs, which act on promoters to enhance gene transcription. Illustrative examples include SV40 enhancers from 100 to 270 base pairs on the late side of the origin of replication, polyoma enhancers on the late side of the origin of replication, and adenovirus enhancers.

 In addition, the expression vector preferably contains one or more selectable marker genes to provide phenotypic traits for selection of transformed host cells, such as dihydrofolate reductase, neomycin resistance, and green for eukaryotic cell culture. Fluorescent protein (GFP), or tetracycline or ampicillin resistance for E. coli.

 Those of ordinary skill in the art will know how to select appropriate vector / transcription control elements (such as promoters, enhancers, etc.) and selectable marker genes.

 In the present invention, a polynucleotide encoding human Yi p p28 or a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide can be transformed or transduced into a host cell to constitute a genetically engineered host cell containing the polynucleotide or the recombinant vector. The term "host cell" refers to a prokaryotic cell, such as a bacterial cell; or a lower eukaryotic cell, such as a yeast cell; or a higher eukaryotic cell, such as a mammalian cell. Representative examples are: E. coli, Streptomyces; bacterial cells such as Salmonella typhimurium; fungal cells such as yeast; plant cells; insect cells such as fly S2 or Sf 9; animal cells such as CH0, COS, or Bowes s melanoma cells, etc. .

Transformation of a host cell with a DNA sequence according to the present invention or a recombinant vector containing the DM sequence can be performed using conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art. When the host is a prokaryote such as E. coli, competent cells capable of DNA uptake can be in the exponential growth phase were harvested, treated with CaC l ₂ method used in steps well known in the art. Alternatively, M _g C l ₂ is used. If necessary, transformation can also be performed by electroporation. When the host is a eukaryotic organism, the following DNA transfection methods can be used: calcium phosphate co-precipitation method, or conventional mechanical methods such as microinjection, electroporation, and liposome packaging.

 By the conventional recombinant DNA technology, the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention can be used to express or produce recombinant human Yi pl28 (Sc ience, 1 984; 224: 14 31). Generally there are the following steps:

 (1) transforming or transducing a suitable host cell with a polynucleotide (or variant) encoding human human Yi pl 28 of the present invention, or with a recombinant expression vector containing the polynucleotide;

 (2) culturing host cells in a suitable medium;

 (3) Isolate and purify protein from culture medium or cells.

In step (2), depending on the host cell used, the medium used in the culture may be selected from various conventional mediums. Culture is performed under conditions suitable for host cell growth. When the host cell has grown to an appropriate cell density, the selected promoter is induced by a suitable method (such as temperature conversion or chemical induction), and The cells are cultured for a period of time.

 In step (3), the recombinant polypeptide may be coated in a cell, expressed on a cell membrane, or secreted outside the cell. If necessary, the recombinant protein can be isolated and purified by various separation methods using its physical, chemical and other properties. These methods are well known to those skilled in the art. These methods include, but are not limited to: conventional renaturation treatment, protein precipitant treatment (salting out method), centrifugation, osmotic disruption, ultrasonic treatment, ultracentrifugation, molecular sieve chromatography (gel filtration), adsorption chromatography, ion Exchange chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and various other liquid chromatography techniques and combinations of these methods.

 The polypeptides of the present invention, as well as antagonists, agonists and inhibitors of the polypeptides, can be directly used in the treatment of diseases, for example, they can treat malignant tumors, adrenal deficiency, skin diseases, various types of inflammation, HIV infection, and immune diseases.

 Both endocytosis and cell membrane transport secreted by cells have a complex regulatory mechanism that ensures the specificity and directness of vesicular protein transport, and also ensures the dynamic balance of membrane material between organelles. The same GTPases of the Ypt / Rab family are involved in the transport of vesicle proteins, and members of the Ypt / Rab protein family play a decisive role in vesicle docking and membrane fusion.

 The study found that the Ypt / Rab protein family member Yi pl p GTPase is necessary for the protein from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus and the interior of the Golgi apparatus. It exists in a very stable form on the Golgi membrane and is highly expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum. .

 The polypeptide of the present invention and the Yi plp protein are homologous proteins and contain characteristic sequences of the family, and both have similar biological functions. It mainly participates in the transport of proteins in the body, which is extremely important for cell endocytosis and cell secretion. Its abnormal expression is usually related to some related disorders of material metabolism disorders, protein metabolism disorders and related tissue tumors and cancers. It is closely related and produces related diseases.

 It can be seen that, the abnormal expression of the human Yi pl p28 of the present invention will produce various diseases, especially various tumors, embryonic development disorders, growth and development disorders, inflammation, and immune diseases. These diseases include, but are not limited to:

 Tumors of various tissues: stomach cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, thyroid tumor, uterine fibroids, neuroblastoma, astrocytoma, ependymoma, glioblastoma, nerve Fibroma, colon cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer, uterine cancer, endometrial cancer, thymic tumor, nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, tracheal tumor, fibroid, fibrosarcoma, lipoma, liposarcoma

 Fetal developmental disorders: congenital abortion, cleft palate, limb loss, limb differentiation disorder, atrial septal defect, neural tube defect, congenital hydrocephalus, congenital glaucoma or cataract, congenital deafness

Growth and development disorders: mental retardation, brain development disorders, skin, fat and muscle hair Fertility disorders, bone and joint dysplasia, various metabolic defects, stunting, dwarfism, Cushing syndrome, sexual retardation

 Inflammation: chronic active hepatitis, sarcoidosis, polymyositis, chronic rhinitis, chronic gastritis, cerebrospinal multiple sclerosis, glomerulonephritis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, gastric ulcer, cervicitis, Various infectious inflammations

 Immune diseases: Systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, bronchial asthma, urticaria, specific dermatitis, post-infection myocarditis, scleroderma, myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, common variable immunodeficiency disease , Primary B-lymphocyte immunodeficiency disease, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

 The abnormal expression of human Yiplp28 of the present invention will also produce certain hereditary, hematological diseases, and the like. The polypeptide of the present invention and the antagonists, agonists and inhibitors of the polypeptide can be directly used in the treatment of diseases, for example, it can treat various diseases, especially various tumors, embryonic development disorders, growth and development disorders, inflammation, and immunity. Sexual diseases, certain hereditary, blood diseases, etc.

 The invention also provides methods for screening compounds to identify agents that increase (agonist) or suppress (antagonist) human Yiplp28. Agonists enhance human Yiplp28 to stimulate biological functions such as cell proliferation, while antagonists prevent and treat disorders related to excessive cell proliferation, such as various cancers. For example, mammalian cells or membrane preparations expressing human Yiplp28 can be cultured together with labeled human Yiplp28 in the presence of drugs. The ability of the drug to increase or block this interaction is then determined.

 Antagonists of human Yiplp28 include antibodies, compounds, receptor deletions, and analogs. Antagonists of human Yiplp28 can bind to human Yiplp28 and eliminate its function, or inhibit the production of the polypeptide, or bind to the active site of the polypeptide so that the polypeptide cannot perform biological functions.

 When screening compounds as antagonists, human Yiplp28 can be added to bioanalytical assays to determine whether a compound is an antagonist by measuring the effect of the compound on the interaction between human Yiplp28 and its receptor. In the same manner as described above for screening compounds, receptor deletions and analogs that act as antagonists can be screened. Peptide molecules capable of binding to human Yiplp28 can be obtained by screening a random peptide library composed of various possible combinations of amino acids bound to a solid phase. When screening, human Yiplp28 molecules should generally be labeled.

 The present invention provides a method for producing antibodies using polypeptides, and fragments, derivatives, analogs or cells thereof as antigens. These antibodies can be polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. The invention also provides antibodies directed against the human Yiplp28 epitope. These antibodies include (but are not limited to): polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antibodies, single chain antibodies, Fab fragments, and fragments produced by Fab expression libraries.

Polyclonal antibodies can be produced by injecting human Yilpp28 directly into immunized animals (such as rabbits, mice, rats, etc.). A variety of adjuvants can be used to enhance the immune response, including but not limited to Freund's adjuvant. Techniques for preparing monoclonal antibodies to human Yilpp28 include, but are not limited to, hybridoma technology (Kohler and Mil stein. Nature, 1975, 256: 495-497), triple tumor technology, human B-cell hybridoma technology, EBV-hybridoma technology Wait. Chimeric antibodies that bind human constant regions and non-human-derived variable regions can be produced using existing techniques (Morrison et al, PNAS, 1985, 81: 6851). The existing technology for producing single chain antibodies (US Pat No. 4946778) can also be used to produce single chain antibodies against human Yilpp28.

Anti-Yiplp28 antibody can be used in immunohistochemistry to detect human Yilpp28 in biopsy specimens ₀

 Monoclonal antibodies that bind to human Yiplp28 can also be labeled with radioisotopes and injected into the body to track their location and distribution. This radiolabeled antibody can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic method to locate tumor cells and determine whether there is metastasis.

 Antibodies can also be used to design immunotoxins that target a particular part of the body. For example, human Yiplp28 high-affinity monoclonal antibodies can covalently bind to bacterial or plant toxins (such as diphtheria toxin, ricin, ormosine, etc.). A common method is to attack the amino group of the antibody with a thiol cross-linking agent such as SPDP and bind the toxin to the antibody through the exchange of disulfide bonds. This hybrid antibody can be used to kill human Yiplp28-positive cells.

 The antibodies of the present invention can be used to treat or prevent diseases related to human Yiplp28. Administration of appropriate doses of antibodies can stimulate or block the production or activity of human Yiplp28.

The invention also relates to a diagnostic test method for quantitatively and locally detecting the level of human Yilpp28. These tests are well known in the art and include FISH assays and radioimmunoassays. The level of human Yiplp28 detected in the test can be used to explain the importance of human Yipl _P 28 in various diseases and to diagnose diseases in which human Yiplp 28 functions.

 The polypeptide of the present invention can also be used for peptide mapping analysis. For example, the polypeptide can be specifically cleaved by physical, chemical or enzymatic analysis, and subjected to one-dimensional or two-dimensional or three-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis, and more preferably mass spectrometry analysis.

The polynucleotide encoding human Yilpp28 can also be used for a variety of therapeutic purposes. Gene therapy technology can be used to treat abnormal cell proliferation, development or metabolism caused by the non-expression or abnormal / inactive expression of human Yilpp28. Recombinant gene therapy vectors (such as viral vectors) can be designed to express mutated human Yilpp28 to inhibit endogenous human Yilpp28 activity. For example, a mutant human Yilpp28 may be a shortened human Yilpp28 lacking a signaling domain, and although it can bind to downstream substrates, it lacks signaling activity. Therefore, recombinant gene therapy vectors can be used to treat diseases caused by abnormal expression or activity of human Yilpp28. Virus-derived expression vectors such as retroviruses, adenoviruses, adenovirus-associated viruses, herpes simplex virus, and parvoviruses can be used to transfer a polynucleotide encoding human Yilpp28 into cells. Methods for constructing recombinant viral vectors carrying a polynucleotide encoding human Yilpp28 can be found in the existing literature (Sarabrook, et al.). In addition, recombinant polynucleotide encoding human Yilpp28 can be packaged into liposomes and transferred into cells.

 Methods for introducing a polynucleotide into a tissue or cell include: directly injecting the polynucleotide into a tissue in vivo; or introducing the polynucleotide into a cell in vitro through a vector (such as a virus, phage, or plasmid), and then transplanting the cell Into the body and so on.

 Oligonucleotides (including antisense RNA and DNA) and ribozymes that inhibit human Yiplp28 mRNA are also within the scope of the present invention. A ribozyme is an enzyme-like RNA molecule that can specifically decompose specific RNA. Its mechanism of action is that the ribozyme molecule specifically hybridizes with a complementary target RNA and performs endonucleation. Antisense RNA, DNA, and ribozymes can be obtained using any existing RNA or DNA synthesis technology, such as solid-phase phosphate amide chemical synthesis to synthesize oligonucleotides. Antisense RNA molecules can be obtained by in vitro or in vivo transcription of a DNA sequence encoding the RNA. This DNA sequence has been integrated downstream of the RNA polymerase promoter of the vector. In order to increase the stability of the nucleic acid molecule, it can be modified in a variety of ways, such as increasing the sequence length on both sides, and the phosphorothioate or peptide bond instead of the phosphodiester bond is used for the ribonucleoside linkage.

 The polynucleotide encoding human Yiplp28 can be used for the diagnosis of diseases related to human Yiplp28. Polynucleotides encoding human Yiplp28 can be used to detect the expression of human Yiplp28 or the abnormal expression of human Yiplp28 in a disease state. For example, the DNA sequence encoding human Yiplp28 can be used to hybridize biopsy specimens to determine the expression of human Yiplp28. Hybridization techniques include Southern blotting, Northern blotting, and in situ hybridization. These techniques and methods are all mature and open technologies, and related kits are commercially available. Some or all of the polynucleotides of the present invention can be used as probes to be fixed on a microarray or a DNA chip (also referred to as a "gene chip") for differential expression analysis and gene diagnosis of genes in tissues. Human Yiplp28-specific primers can also be used to detect human Yiplp28 transcripts by performing RM-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in vitro amplification.

 Detection of mutations in the human Yiplp28 gene can also be used to diagnose human Yiplp28-related diseases. Human Yiplp28 mutations include point mutations, translocations, deletions, recombinations, and any other abnormalities compared to normal wild-type human Yiplp28 DNA sequences. Mutations can be detected using existing techniques such as Southern blotting, DNA sequence analysis, PCR and in situ hybridization. In addition, mutations may affect protein expression, so Northern blotting and Western blotting can be used to indirectly determine whether a gene is mutated.

The sequences of the invention are also valuable for chromosome identification. This sequence will specifically target a specific position on a human chromosome and can hybridize to it. Currently, specific sites for each gene on the chromosome need to be identified. Currently, only a few chromosome markers based on actual sequence data (repeating polymorphisms) are available for labeling chromosome positions. According to the present invention, in order to associate these sequences with disease-related genes, it The important first step is to locate these DM sequences on the chromosome.

 In short, PCR primers (preferably 15-35bp) are prepared based on cDNA, and the sequences can be located on chromosomes. These primers were then used for PCR screening of somatic hybrid cells containing individual human chromosomes. Only those heterozygous cells containing the human gene corresponding to the primer will produce amplified fragments.

 PCR localization of somatic hybrid cells is a quick way to localize DNA to specific chromosomes. Using the oligonucleotide primers of the present invention, in a similar manner, a set of fragments from a specific chromosome or a large number of genomic clones can be used to achieve sublocalization. Other similar strategies that can be used for chromosomal localization include in situ hybridization, chromosome pre-screening with labeled flow sorting, and pre-selection of hybridization to construct chromosome-specific cDNA libraries.

 Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of cDNA clones with metaphase chromosomes allows precise chromosomal localization in one step. For a review of this technique, see Verma et al., Human Chromosomes: a Manual of Basic Techniques, Pergaraon Press, New York (1988).

 Once the sequence is located at the exact chromosomal location, the physical location of the sequence on the chromosome can be correlated with the genetic map data. These data can be found in V. Mckusick, Mendelian Inheritance in Man (available online with Johns Hopkins University Welch Medical Library). Linkage analysis can then be used to determine the relationship between genes and diseases that have been mapped to chromosomal regions.

 Next, the difference in cDNA or genomic sequence between the affected and unaffected individuals needs to be determined. If a mutation is observed in some or all diseased individuals and the mutation is not observed in any normal individuals, the mutation may be the cause of the disease. Comparing affected and unaffected individuals usually involves first looking for structural changes in chromosomes, such as deletions or translocations that are visible at the chromosomal level or detectable with cDNA sequence-based PCR. According to the resolution capabilities of current physical mapping and gene mapping technology, the cDNA accurately mapped to the chromosomal region associated with the disease can be one of 50 to 500 potentially pathogenic genes (assuming 1 megabase mapping resolution) Capacity and each 20kb corresponds to a gene).

 The polypeptides, polynucleotides and mimetics, agonists, antagonists and inhibitors of the present invention can be used in combination with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier. These carriers can be water, glucose, ethanol, salts, buffers, glycerol, and combinations thereof. The composition comprises a safe and effective amount of the polypeptide or antagonist, and carriers and excipients which do not affect the effect of the drug. These compositions can be used as drugs for the treatment of diseases.

The present invention also provides a kit or kit containing one or more containers containing one or more ingredients of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention. Along with these containers, there may be instructional instructions given by government agencies that manufacture, use, or sell pharmaceuticals or biological products, which reminders authorize them to be administered to humans by government agencies that manufacture, use, or sell them. In addition, the polypeptides of the invention can be combined with other Therapeutic compounds are used in combination.

 The pharmaceutical composition can be administered in a convenient manner, such as by a topical, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intranasal or intradermal route of administration. Human Yiplp28 is administered in an amount effective to treat and / or prevent a particular indication. The amount and dose range of Yiplp28 administered to a patient will depend on many factors, such as the mode of administration, the health conditions of the person to be treated, and the judgment of the diagnostician. Examples

 The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following examples, the experimental methods without specific conditions are usually performed according to conventional conditions, such as Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: Laboratory Manual (New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989), or according to the manufacturer Suggested conditions.

 Example 1 Cloning of human Yiplp28

 Human fetal brain total RNA was extracted by one-step method with guanidine isothiocyanate / phenol / chloroform. Poly (A) mRNA was isolated from total RNA using the Quik mRNA Isolation Kit (Qiegene). 2ug poly (A) mRNA is reverse transcribed to form cDNA. The Smart cDNA Cloning Kit (purchased from Clontech) was used to orient the cDM fragment into the multicloning site of the pBSK (+) vector (Clontech) to transform DH5 cc to form a cDM library. Dye terminate cycle reaction sequencing kit (Perkin-Elmer) and ABI 377 automatic sequencer (Perkin-Elmer) were used to determine the sequences at the 5 'and 3' ends of all clones. The determined cDNA sequence was compared with the existing public DM sequence database (Genebank), and the cDNA sequence of one of the clones 0747Π2 was found to be new DNA. The inserted cDNA fragments contained in this clone were determined in both directions by synthesizing a series of primers. The results showed that the 0747Π2 clone contained a full-length cDNA of 1586bp (as shown in Seq IDN0: 1), and a 885bp open reading frame (0RF) from Obp to lOMbp, encoding a new protein (such as Seq ID NO: 2). We named this clone pBS-0747fl2 and the encoded protein was named human Yiplp28. Example 2 Homologous search of cDNA clones

The sequence of the human Yilpp28 of the present invention and the protein sequence encoded by the same were subjected to the Blast program (Basic local alignment search tool) [Altschul, SF et al. J. Mol. Biol. 1990; 215: 403-10], in Genbank, Databases like Swissport perform homology searches. The gene with the highest homology to the human Yilpp28 of the present invention is a known Yilpp, whose encoded protein has the accession number X97342 in Genbank. The protein homology results are shown in Figure 1. The two are highly homologous, with an identity of 41%; a similarity of 60%. Example 3 Cloning of a gene encoding human Yipl _P 28 by RT-PCR

 CDNA was synthesized using fetal brain cell total RNA as a template and oligo-dT as a primer for reverse transcription reaction. After purification with Qiagene's kit, the following primers were used for PCR amplification: ―

 Primerl: 5'- GCCCGGAAGCCGTTCTTTGGCCCT -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 3)

 Primer2: 5,-GACAGAGTCTCACCCTGTCACCCA-3, (SEQ ID NO: 4)

 Primerl is a forward sequence starting at lbp at the 5 ′ end of SEQ ID NO: 1;

 Primer2 is the 3, terminal reverse sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Amplification reaction conditions: reaction volume containing ₅₀ μ 1 of 50mmol / L KC1, 10mmol / L Tris-HCl, pH8.5, 1.5mmol / L MgCl 2, 20 (^ mol / L dNTP, lOpmol primer, 1U Taq DNA polymerase (Clontech). The reaction was performed on a PE9600 DNA thermal cycler (Perkin-Elmer) under the following conditions for 25 cycles: 94 ° C 30sec; 55 ° C 30sec; 72 ° C 2min. At RT -Set β-actin as a positive control and template blank as a negative control at the same time. The amplified product was purified using QIAGEN's kit and connected to the pCR vector using TA cloning kit (Invitrogen). The results of DNA sequence analysis showed that The DNA sequence of the PCR product is exactly the same as 1-1586bp shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. Example 4 Analysis of human Yilpp28 gene expression by Northern blot

Total RNA extraction in one step [Anal. Biochem 1987, 162, 156-159] ₀ This method involves acid guanidinium thiocyanate-chloroform extraction. I.e. with 4M guanidinium isothiocyanate -25mM sodium citrate, 0.2M sodium acetate _(P H4.0) of the tissue was homogenized phenol, 1 volume and 1/5 volume of chloroform - isoamyl alcohol (49: 1) Centrifuge after mixing. Aspirate the aqueous layer, add isopropanol (0.8 vol) and centrifuge the mixture to obtain RNA precipitate. The resulting RNA pellet was washed with 70% ethanol, dried and dissolved in water. Electrophoresis was performed on a 1.2% agarose gel containing 2 _{g of} RNA on 20 mM 3- (N-morpholino) propanesulfonic acid (pH 7.0)-5 mM sodium acetate-1 mM EDTA-2.2M formaldehyde. Then Transfer to nitrocellulose membrane. A- ³² P dATP was used to prepare ³² P-labeled DNA probes by random primers. The DNA probe used was the PCR amplified human Yilpp28 coding region sequence (140bp) shown in Figure 1 To 1024bp). 32P-labeled probe (about 2 X 10 ⁶ cpm / ml) was hybridized with a nitrocellulose membrane to which RNA was transferred at 42 ° C overnight in a solution containing 50% formamide-25mM KH ₂ P0 ₄ (pH7.4) -5 χ SSC- 5 χ Denhardt's solution and 20 ^ g / ml salmon sperm DNA. After hybridization, the filter was washed in 1 χ SSC- 0.1% SDS at 55 ° C for 30 min Then, Phosphor Imager was used for analysis and quantification. Example 5 In vitro expression, isolation and purification of recombinant human Yilpp28

According to SEQ ID NO: 1 and the coding region sequence shown in FIG. 1, a pair of specific amplification bows are designed as follows: Primer3: 5'- CCCCATATGATGTCAGGCTTTGAAAACTTAAAC -3 '(Seq ID No: 5) Primer4: 5'- CATGGATCCTCAAAAGACGGAAATCAGGGCAAA -3, (Seq ID No: 6) The 5' ends of these two primers contain Ndel and BamHI restriction sites, respectively. The coding sequences of the 5 'and 3' ends of the gene of interest are followed, respectively. The Ndel and BamHI restriction sites correspond to the selectivity within the expression vector plasmid pET-28b (+) (Novagen, Cat. No. 69865.3). Digestion site. PCR was performed using the PBS-0747fl2 plasmid containing the full-length target gene as a template. PCR reaction conditions were: 1 in a total volume of ₅₀ μ plasmid pBS- 0747Π2 containing 10pg, primer Pr imer- 3 and Pr imer-4 were 1 Opmol, Advantage polymerase Mix (Clontech Products) 1 _μ 1. Cycle parameters: 94. C 20s, 60 ° C 30s, 68 ° C 2 min, a total of 25 cycles. Ndel and BamHI were used to double digest the amplified product and plasmid pET-28 (+), respectively, and large fragments were recovered and ligated with T4 ligase. The ligation product was transformed into Ca. bacillus DH5c by the calcium chloride method. After being cultured overnight on LB plates containing kanamycin (final concentration 3 (g / ml)), positive clones were screened by colony PCR and sequenced. The sequence was selected correctly The positive clone (PET-0747Π2) was used to transform the recombinant plasmid into E. coli BL ² l (DE3) plySs (product of Novagen) by calcium chloride method. Cultured in LB liquid containing kanamycin (final concentration 30 _μ8 / ιη1) In the medium, the host strain BL21 (pET-0747f 12) was cultured at 37 ° C to the logarithmic growth phase, IPTG was added to a final concentration of 1 ol / L, and the culture was continued for 5 hours. The cells were collected by centrifugation, sonicated by ultrasound, centrifuged The supernatant was collected and chromatographed using an affinity chromatography column His. Bind Quick Cartridge (product of Novagen) capable of binding 6 histidines (6His-Tag) to obtain purified human protein Yilpp28. SDS -PAGE electrophoresis, a single band was obtained at 28KDa (Figure 2). The band was transferred to a PVDF membrane and the N-terminal amino acid sequence was analyzed by Edams hydrolysis method. As a result, 15 amino acids at the N-terminus and SEQ ID NO : 2 N-terminal 15 amino acid residues shown are identical. Example 6 produced an anti-human antibody Yiplp28

 A peptide synthesizer (product of PE company) was used to synthesize the following human Yiplp28-specific peptides:

NH2-Met-Ser-Gly-Phe-Glu-Asn-Leu-Asn-Thr-Asp-Phe-Tyr-Gln-Thr-Ser-C00H (SEQ ID NO: 7). The polypeptide is coupled to hemocyanin and bovine serum albumin to form a complex, respectively. For methods, see: Avrameas, et al. Immunochemistry, 1969; 6: 43. Rabbits were immunized with 4 mg of the hemocyanin polypeptide complex plus complete Freund's adjuvant, and 15 days later, the hemocyanin polypeptide complex plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant was used to boost immunity once.釆 Using a 15 g / ml bovine serum albumin peptide complex-coated titer plate as an ELISA to determine antibody titers in rabbit serum. Protein A-Sepharose was used to isolate total IgG from antibody-positive rabbit sera. The peptide was bound to a cyanogen bromide-activated Se _P harose 4B column, and anti-peptide antibodies were separated from the total IgG by affinity chromatography. The immunoprecipitation method proved that the purified antibody could specifically bind to human Yilpp28. Example 7 Application of the polynucleotide fragment of the present invention as a hybridization probe

 Suitable oligonucleotide fragments selected from the polynucleotides of the present invention are used as hybridization probes in a variety of ways. For example, the probes can be used to hybridize to genomic or cDNA libraries of normal tissue or pathological tissue from different sources to It is determined whether it contains the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention and a homologous polynucleotide sequence is detected. Further, the probe can be used to detect the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention or its homologous polynucleotide sequence in normal tissue or pathology. Whether the expression in tissue cells is abnormal.

 The purpose of this embodiment is to select a suitable oligonucleotide fragment from the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention as a hybridization probe, and to identify whether some tissues contain the polynucleoside of the present invention by a filter hybridization method. Acid sequence or a homologous polynucleotide sequence thereof. Filter hybridization methods include dot blotting, Sou thern imprinting, Nor thern blotting, and copying methods. They are all used to fix the polynucleotide sample to be tested on the filter and then hybridize using basically the same steps. These same steps are as follows: The sample-immobilized filter is first pre-hybridized with a probe-free hybridization buffer to saturate the non-specific binding site of the sample on the filter with the carrier and the synthesized polymer. The pre-hybridization solution is then replaced with a hybridization buffer containing labeled probes and incubated to hybridize the probes to the target nucleic acid. After the hybridization step, the unhybridized probes are removed by a series of membrane washing steps. This embodiment uses higher-intensity washing conditions (such as lower salt concentration and higher temperature) to reduce the hybridization background and retain only strong specific signals. The probes used in this embodiment include two types: the first type of probes are oligonucleotide fragments that are completely the same as or complementary to the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention; the second type of probes are partially related to the present invention The polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 is the same or complementary oligonucleotide fragment. In this example, the dot blot method is used to fix the sample on the filter membrane. Under the high-intensity washing conditions, the first type of probe and the sample have the strongest hybridization specificity and are retained.

 First, the selection of the probe

 The selection of oligonucleotide fragments for use as hybridization probes from the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention should follow the following principles and several aspects to be considered:

 1. The preferred range of probe size is 18-50 nucleotides;

 2.GC content is 30% -70%, non-specific hybridization increases when it exceeds;

 3, there should be no complementary regions inside the probe;

 4. Those that meet the above conditions can be used as primary selection probes, and then further computer sequence analysis, including the primary selection probe and its source sequence region (ie, SEQ ID NO: 1) and other known genomic sequences and their complements For homology comparison of the regions, if the homology with the non-target molecular region is greater than 85% or there are more than 15 consecutive bases, the primary probe should not be used generally;

5. Whether the preliminary selection probe is finally selected as a probe with practical application value should be further determined by experiments. After completing the above analysis, select and synthesize the following two probes:

Probe 1 (probel), which belongs to the first type of probe, is completely homologous or complementary to the gene fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1 ( ⁴ lNt):

 5'- TGTCAGGCTTTGAAAACTTAAACACGGATTTCTACCAGACA -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 8) Probe 2 (probe2), which belongs to the second type of probe, is equivalent to the replacement mutant sequence of the gene fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1 or its complementary fragment (41Nt):

 5'- TGTCAGGCTTTGAAAACTTACACACGGATTTCTACCAGACA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 9) For other commonly used reagents and their preparation methods related to the following specific experimental procedures, please refer to the literature: DNA PROBES G. Keller; MM Manak; Stockton Press , 1989 (USA) and more commonly used molecular cloning laboratory manuals, such as the Guide to Molecular Cloning Experiments (Second Edition 1998) [US] Sambruck et al., Science Press.

 Sample Preparation:

 1.Extract DM from fresh or frozen tissue

Steps: 1) Place fresh or freshly thawed normal liver tissue in a plate immersed in ice and filled with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Cut the tissue into small pieces with scissors or a scalpel. Keep tissue moist during operation. 2) Centrifuge the tissue at 1,000 g for 10 minutes. 3) Suspend the pellet (approximately 10 ml / g) with cold homogenization buffer (0.25 mol / L sucrose; 25 cryptool / L Tris-HCl, pH7.5; 25mmol / L NaCl; 25 cryptool / L MgCl ₂ ). 4) Homogenize the tissue suspension at 4 ° C at full speed with an electric homogenizer until the tissue is completely broken. 5) Centrifuge at 1000g for 10 minutes. 6) Resuspend the cell pellet (l-5ml per 0.1 _{g of the} original tissue sample), and centrifuge at 1000 _g for 10 minutes. 7) Resuspend the pellet with lysis buffer (add lral per 0.1 g of the initial tissue sample), and then follow the following phenol extraction method.

 2, DM extraction of phenol

Steps: 1) Wash cells with 1-1 10 ml of cold PBS and centrifuge at 1000 g for 10 minutes. 2) Resuspend the pelleted cells with cold cell lysate (1 x 10 ⁸ cells / ml) and apply a minimum of 100 ul of lysis buffer. 3) Add SDS to a final concentration of 1%. If SDS is added directly to the cell pellet before resuspending the cells, the cells may form large clumps that are difficult to break, and reduce the overall yield. This is particularly serious when extracting> 10 ⁷ cells. 4) Add proteinase K to a final concentration of 200ug / ml. 5) Incubate at 50 ° C for 1 hour or shake gently at 37 ° C overnight. 6) Extract with an equal volume of phenol: chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (25: 24: 1) and centrifuge in a small centrifuge tube for 10 minutes. The two should be clearly separated, otherwise centrifuge again. 7) Transfer the water phase to a new tube. 8) Extract with an equal volume of chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (24: 1) and centrifuge for 10 minutes. 9) Transfer the aqueous phase containing DM to a new tube. The DNA was then purified and ethanol precipitated. 3. Purification and ethanol precipitation of DM

Steps: 1) Add 1/10 volume of 2mol / L sodium acetate and 2 volumes of cold 100% ethanol to the DNA solution and mix. Leave at -20 ° C for 1 hour or overnight. 2) Centrifuge for 10 minutes. 3) Carefully aspirate or pour out the ethanol. 4) Wash the pellet with 500ul of 70% cold ethanol and centrifuge for 5 minutes. 5) Carefully aspirate or pour out the ethanol. Wash the pellet with 500ul of cold ethanol and centrifuge for 5 minutes. 6) Carefully aspirate or pour out the ethanol, then invert on the absorbent paper to drain the residual ethanol. Air dry for 10-15 minutes to allow the surface ethanol to evaporate. Be careful not to allow the pellet to dry completely, otherwise it will be more difficult to re-dissolve. 7) Resuspend the DNA pellet in a small volume of TE or water. Low-speed vortexing or pipetting, with a dropper, while gradually increasing the TE, mixed until fully dissolved DNA, every ^1- 5 χ 10 ό extracted cells plus about lul.

 The following steps 8-13 are only used when contamination must be removed, otherwise step 14 can be performed directly.

8) Add RNase A to the DNA solution to a final concentration of 100ug / ml, and incubate at 37 ° C for 30 minutes. 9) Add SDS and proteinase K to the final concentration of 0.5% and 100ug / ml. 37. C was held for 30 minutes. 10) Extract the reaction solution with an equal volume of phenol: chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (25: 24: 1) and centrifuge for 10 minutes. 11) Carefully remove the aqueous phase, re-extract with an equal volume of chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (24: 1), and centrifuge for 10 minutes. 12) Carefully remove the water phase, add 1/10 volume of 2mol / L sodium acetate and 2.5 volume of cold ethanol, mix and let stand at -20 ° C for 1 hour. 13) Wash the pellet with 70% ethanol and 100% ethanol, air dry, and resuspend the nucleic acid. The process is the same as steps 3-6. 14) Measure A ₂₆ . And A ₂₈ . To detect the purity and yield of DNA. 15) Store at -20 ° C after dispensing.

 Preparation of sample film:

 1) Take 4 x 2 pieces of nitrocellulose membranes (NC membranes) of appropriate size, and gently mark the spotting position and sample number on them with a pencil. Two NC membranes are required for each probe for subsequent experiments. In the step, the film is washed with high-strength conditions and strength conditions, respectively.

 2) Pipette and control 15 microliters each, spot on the sample film, and dry at room temperature.

 3) Place on filter paper infiltrated with 0.1 mol / L NaOH, 1.5 mol / L NaCl for 5 minutes (twice), dry and place in 0.5 mol / L Tris-HCl (pH 7.0), 3raol / L NaCl filter paper for 5 minutes (twice) and allowed to dry.

 4) Clamped in clean filter paper, wrapped in aluminum foil, and dried under vacuum at 60-80 ° C for 2 hours.

 Labeling of probes

1) 3μ1 Probe (0.1OD / Ιθμΐ), add 2μ1 Kinase buffer, 8-10 uCi γ- ³² P-dATP + 2U Kinase, to make up to a final volume of 20μ1.

 2) Incubate at 37 ° C for 1 hour.

 3) Add 1/5 volume of Bromophenol Blue Indicator (BPB).

4) Pass through a Sephadex G-50 column. 5) Start collecting the first peak before ³² P-Probe washes out (can be monitored by Monitor;).

 6) 5 drops / tube, collect 10-15 tubes.

 7) Monitor the amount of isotope with a liquid scintillator.

8) After combining the collection solutions of the first peak, the ³² P-Probe (the second peak is free γ- ³² P-dATP) is prepared.

 Pre-hybridization

 The sample membrane was placed in a plastic bag and 3-lOmg pre-hybridization solution (lOxDenhardt's; 6xSSC, 0.1 mg / ral CT DNA (calf thymus DNA)) was added. After sealing the mouth of the bag, shake at 68 ° C for 2 hours.

 Cross

 Cut a corner of the plastic bag, add the prepared probe, seal the bag, and shake it at 42 ° C in a water bath overnight. Wash film:

 High-intensity washing film:

 1) Take out the hybridized sample membrane.

 2) 2xSSC, 0.1% SDS, wash at 40 ° C for 15 minutes (twice).

 3) Wash in 0.1xSSC, 0.1 ° / oSDS at 40 ° C for 15 minutes (twice).

 4) 0.1xSSC, 0.1 ° /. SDS, 55. Wash for 30 minutes (twice) and dry at room temperature. Low-intensity washing film:

 1) Take out the hybridized sample membrane.

 2) 2xSSC, 0.1% SDS, wash at 37 ° C for 15 minutes (twice).

 3) 0.1xSSC, 0.1% SDS, 37. C Wash for 15 minutes (twice).

 4) In 0.1xSSC, 0.1% SDS, wash at 40 ° C for 15 minutes (twice), and dry at room temperature.

X-ray autoradiography:

 -70 ° C, X-ray autoradiography (pressing time depends on the radioactivity of the hybrid spot).

 Experimental results:

釆 The hybridization experiments performed under low-intensity membrane washing conditions did not differ significantly in the radioactivity of the above two probe hybrid spots; while the hybridization experiments performed under high-intensity membrane washing conditions, the radioactive intensity of hybridization spots of probe 1 was obvious. Stronger in radioactivity than the hybridization spot of another probe. Therefore, probe 1 can be used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the presence and differential expression of the polynucleotide of the present invention in different tissues. Example 8 DNA Microarray

 Gene chip or DNA microarray is a new technology that many national laboratories and large pharmaceutical companies are currently developing and developing. It refers to the orderly and high-density arrangement of large numbers of target gene fragments on glass, The data is compared and analyzed on a carrier such as silicon using fluorescence detection and computer software to achieve the purpose of rapid, efficient, and high-throughput analysis of biological information. The polynucleotide of the present invention can be used as target DNA for gene chip technology for high-throughput research of new gene functions; search for and screen new tissue-specific genes, especially new genes related to diseases such as tumors; diagnosis of diseases such as hereditary diseases . The specific method steps have been reported in the literature. For example, refer to the literature DeRi si, JL, Lyer, V. & Brown, P.0. (1997) Science 278, 680-686. And the literature Helle, RA, Schema, M., Chai, A., Shalom, D., (1997) PNAS 94: 2150-2155.

 (A) spotting

 A total of 4,000 polynucleotide sequences of various full-length cDNAs are used as target DNA, including the polynucleotide of the present invention. They were amplified by PCR respectively. After purification, the concentration of the amplified product was adjusted to about 500 ng / ul, and spotted on a glass medium with a Cartesian 7500 spotting instrument (purchased from Cartesian, USA). The distance is 280 μηι. The spotted slides were hydrated and dried, cross-linked in a UV cross-linker, and dried after elution to fix the DNA on the glass slides to prepare chips. The specific method steps have been reported in the literature. The sample post-processing steps in this embodiment are:

 1. Hydration in a humid environment for 4 hours;

 2. 0.2% SDS was washed for 1 minute;

3. Wash twice with ddH ₂ 0 for 1 minute each time;

4. NaBH _{4 is} blocked for 5 minutes;

 5. 95 ° C water for 2 minutes;

 6. Wash with 0.2% SDS for 1 minute;

7. Rinse twice with ddH ₂ 0;

 8. Dry and store at 25 ° C in the dark for future use.

 (2) Probe marking

Total mRNA was extracted from normal liver and liver cancer in one step, and mRNA was purified using Oligotex mRNAMidi Kit (purchased from QiaGen). The fluorescent reagent Cy3dUTP (5-Amino- propargyl-2'-deoxyur idine 5 ' -tr iphate coupled to Cy3 fluorescent dye, purchased from Amersham Phamacia Biotech company) labeled mRNA of normal liver tissue, using a fluorescent reagent Cy5dUTP (5-Amino-propargy 1-2 '-deoxyur idine 5'-tr iphate coupled to Cy5 fluorescent dye , Purchased from Amersham Phamacia Biotech) labeled liver cancer tissue mRNA, Probes were prepared after purification. For specific steps and methods, see:

 Schena, M., Shalon, D., Heller, R. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Vol. 93: 10614-10619. Schena, M., Shalon, Dari., Davis, RW (1995 ) Science.270 (20): 467-480.

 (Three) cross

 The probes from the two types of tissues and the chips were hybridized in a UniHyb ™ Hybridization Solution (purchased from TeleChem) hybridization solution for 16 hours, washed with a washing solution (1 x SSC, 0.2% SDS) at room temperature, and then scanned with ScanArray 3000 The scanner (purchased from General Scanning, USA) was used for scanning. The scanned image was analyzed by Imagene software (Biodi scovery, USA), and the Cy3 / Cy5 ratio of each point was calculated. It is considered to be a gene whose expression is different. The experimental results show that Cy3 signal = 7138.29 (average of four experiments), Cy5 signal = 8751.13 (average of four experiments), Cy3 / Cy5 = 0.8157, the polynucleotide of the present invention is in the above two tissues There is no significant difference in expression.

Claims

Slash

1. An isolated polypeptide-human Yipl p28, characterized in that it comprises: a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, or an active fragment, analog or derivative thereof.

 2. The polypeptide according to claim 1, characterized in that the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide, analog or derivative has at least 95% identity with the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.

 3. The polypeptide according to claim 2, further comprising a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID D NO: 2.

 4. An isolated polynucleotide, characterized in that said polynucleotide comprises one selected from the group consisting of:

 (a) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or a fragment, analog, or derivative thereof;

 (b) a polynucleotide complementary to polynucleotide (a); or

 (c) A polynucleotide that is at least 70% identical to (a) or (b).

 5. The polynucleotide according to claim 4, wherein the polynucleotide comprises a polynucleotide encoding an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2.

 6. The polynucleotide according to claim 4, characterized in that the sequence of the polynucleotide comprises a sequence of positions 140-1024 in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a sequence of positions 1-1586 in SEQ ID NO: 1 .

 7. A recombinant vector containing an exogenous polynucleotide, characterized in that it is a recombinant constructed from the polynucleotide according to any one of claims 4 to 6 and a plasmid, virus or vector expression vector Carrier.

 8. A genetically engineered host cell containing an exogenous polynucleotide, characterized in that it is selected from one of the following host cells:

 (a) a host cell transformed or transduced with the recombinant vector of claim 7; or

 (b) a host cell transformed or transduced with a polynucleotide according to any one of claims 4-6.

 9. A method for preparing a polypeptide having human Yi pl p28 activity, characterized in that the method includes:

 (a) culturing the engineered host cell according to claim 8 under the condition of expressing human Yi pl p28;

(b) Isolating a polypeptide having human Y i pl p28 activity from the culture.

10. An antibody capable of binding to a polypeptide, characterized in that said antibody is an antibody capable of specifically binding to human Yi plp28.

11. A class of compounds that mimic or regulate the activity or expression of a polypeptide, which are characterized in that they are compounds that mimic, promote, antagonize or inhibit the activity of human Yipl28.

 12. The compound according to claim 11, characterized in that it is an antisense sequence of the polynucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a fragment thereof.

 13. The use of the compound according to claim 11, characterized in that the compound is used for a method for regulating the activity of human Y i pl p28 in vivo and in vitro.

 14. A method for detecting a disease or susceptibility to a disease associated with a polypeptide according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it comprises detecting the expression level of the polypeptide, or detecting the activity of the polypeptide Or detecting a nucleotide variation in a polynucleotide that causes abnormal expression or activity of the polypeptide.

 15. Use of the polypeptide according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it is used for screening mimics, agonists, antagonists or inhibitors of human Yi pl p28; or for peptide fingerprinting Identification.

 16. The use of a nucleic acid molecule according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that it is used as a primer for a nucleic acid amplification reaction, or as a probe for a hybridization reaction, or for manufacturing a gene chip Or microarray.

 17. Use of a polypeptide, polynucleotide or compound according to any one of claims 1-6 and 11, characterized in that the polypeptide, polynucleotide or mimetic, agonist, antagonist is used Or the inhibitor is composed of a safe and effective dose with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier as a pharmaceutical composition for diagnosing or treating a disease associated with human Y i plp28 abnormality.

 18. Use of a polypeptide, polynucleotide or compound according to any one of claims 1-6 and 11, characterized in that said polypeptide, polynucleotide or compound is used for preparing for treating malignant tumors, blood, etc. Disease, HIV infection and immune diseases and drugs of various inflammations.