WO2001045472A1

WO2001045472A1 - Lamp state detector and lamp state monitor using lamp state detector

Info

Publication number: WO2001045472A1
Application number: PCT/JP1999/007110
Authority: WO
Inventors: Satoshi Okada; Setsuo Arita; Masaji Nakahara
Original assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
Priority date: 1999-12-17
Filing date: 1999-12-17
Publication date: 2001-06-21
Also published as: EP1276353A4; EP1276353A1; CN1335044A; JP4032741B2

Abstract

By judging whether lamp replacement is required or not based on the illuminance of a lamp measured with a illuminometer, the time of lamp replacement can be determined before the illuminance is lowered below the required value because of lamp blackening. By judging whether lamp replacement is required or not based on the resistance value measured with a resistance meter, the time of lamp replacement can be determined before the illuminance is lowered below the required value because of deterioration of the filament. Therefore, illuminance decrease of the lamp due to both the lamp blackening and the filament cut can be detected before the illuminance is lowered below the required value, thereby determining the time of lamp replacement.

Description

Specification

Lamp state detector and lamp state monitoring device using the same

The present invention relates to a lamp state detector that detects the state of a large number of lamps installed at an airport, an expressway, and the like, and a lamp state monitoring device using the same. Background art

A large number of lamps (mainly halogen lamps) are installed in the aisles of aircraft in the airport for the purpose of guiding aircraft, etc. It is known that the illuminance decreases due to the centering caused by the deterioration of the lament. Since the reduced illuminance of the lamps hinders aircraft guidance, it was necessary to replace them with new ones before the illuminance of the lamps became lower than the required illuminance.

As an example of a device for monitoring the state of a halogen lamp, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-249393 (hereinafter referred to as first prior art) discloses a halogen lamp in order to prevent the filament from being cut off in the halogen lamp. A device that measures the value of the current flowing through the filament and warns that the core of the filament is near when the measured current value exceeds a preset value has been described. — JP 250593 (hereinafter referred to as “second prior art”) measures the illuminance of a lamp, compares the measured illuminance of the lamp with a preset value, and detects and measures the decrease in illuminance of the lamp. It describes that the lamp replacement time is notified based on the illuminance of the lamp. As mentioned above, the reason that the illuminance of halogen lamps Blackening and filament breakage were known, but it was thought that there was a correlation between the two. That is, in a halogen lamp, when the filament was decentered, the lamp was blackened. Conversely, when the lamp was blackened, it was thought that the filament was decentered. Therefore, conventionally, the current flowing through the filament is measured as in the first prior art described above to predict the filament breakage, or the illuminance of the lamp is measured as in the second prior art. It was said that it was sufficient to either detect the blackening of the lamp.

However, as a result of the inventors' repeated studies on the illuminance reduction of the halogen lamp, the core breakage of the filament and the blackening of the lamp are individual events, and the illuminance reduction of the lamp is caused by either one. It was clear that this would happen. In other words, it was newly found that the lamp did not blacken even when the filament was broken, or the filament did not break even when the lamp was black. When the illuminance of the lamp decreases due to the blackening of the lamp, the illuminance gradually decreases over a relatively long period of time, whereas the illuminance decreases due to the core of the filament. In such a case, it was found that the illuminance rapidly decreased in a short time.

As described above, in the first prior art, since the filament breakage is predicted based on the value of the current flowing through the filament, it is not possible to detect a decrease in illuminance due to blackening of the lamp. In other words, if the illuminance decreases due to the blackening of the lamp even though the filament is not broken, the decrease in illuminance cannot be detected because the current flowing through the filament does not change. Therefore, it was not possible to replace the lamp before the illuminance of the lamp fell below the required illuminance.

On the other hand, in the second prior art, the lamp replacement time is determined based on the measured illuminance. If the illuminance suddenly drops due to the filament cutting, it is difficult to notify the lamp replacement time before the illuminance of the lamp falls below the required illuminance. In other words, the illuminance drops sharply when the filament is cut off, so if the replacement time is notified after the illuminance actually starts to decrease, the illuminance of the lamp must be reduced to the required illuminance before the replacement. In some cases, it would drop.

As described above, in the first prior art and the second prior art, there were cases where the lamp could not be replaced before the illuminance of the lamp became equal to or less than the required illuminance. Disclosure of the invention

An object of the present invention is to reduce the illuminance of a lamp to the required illuminance or less for both the illuminance reduction of the lamp caused by blackening of the lamp and the illuminance of the lamp caused by the breakage of the filament. An object of the present invention is to provide a lamp state detector capable of determining a lamp replacement time beforehand and a lamp state monitoring device using the same.

The feature of the present invention that achieves the above object is to measure the illuminance of light emitted from the lamp, measure the resistance value of the lamp, and determine whether the lamp needs to be replaced based on the measured illuminance and resistance value. Is to judge. As described above, to determine whether lamp replacement is necessary based on the measured illuminance and resistance, if the lamp illuminance decreases due to blackening of the lamp, The lamp replacement time can be determined before the illuminance of the lamp falls below the required illuminance. In addition, when the lamp illuminance is reduced due to the deterioration of the filament and the disconnection, the deterioration is determined before the filament is disconnected based on the measured resistance value. By detecting, the lamp replacement time can be determined before the illuminance of the lamp falls below the required illuminance. In other words, for both the lamp illuminance reduction caused by blackening of the lamp and the lamp illuminance reduction caused by the filament breakage, the lamp must be illuminated before the illuminance falls below the required illuminance. Can be determined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a lamp status monitoring device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a lamp status detector 5a of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between time and resistance ratio, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a display example on the display panel 91 of the lamp status indicator 9 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a lamp 6a in FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a housing 51 accommodating the illuminometer 7a and the like, FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a lamp state monitoring device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Fig. 8 is a configuration diagram of the lamp status detector 5a ', Fig. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the current flowing through the lamp and the cumulative lighting time, and Fig. 9 is the relationship between the rated current lighting time and the probability of burnout. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a display example on the display panel 91 of the lamp status indicator 9 in FIG. 6, and FIG. 11 is a lamp 6a and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a housing 51 for accommodating the illuminance meter 7a, etc., FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the illuminometer 7a in FIG. 11, and FIG. 11 is a view of the inside of the housing 51 of FIG. 11 as viewed from above. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Example 1) FIG. 1 shows a lamp condition monitoring apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The lamp condition monitoring device according to the present embodiment is for monitoring the condition of a large number of halogen lamps (hereinafter, referred to as lamps) installed in the passage of an aircraft at an airport.

In FIG. 1, a constant current source 1 supplies an alternating current to a plurality of communication controllers 4a to 4n via a power line 2 and transformers 3a to 3n. Communication controller

4 a to 4 n use a part of the supplied alternating current as their own power source, and use the remaining alternating current as a lamp status detector 5 a to

5 Output to n.

Hereinafter, the lamp state detector 5a will be described. However, all other lamp state detectors have the same configuration, and their operations are the same. FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the lamp state detector 5a. The alternating current output from the communication controller 4a is input to the input terminal a of the power switching unit 501 in the lamp status detector 5a, and is output from the output terminal c of the power switching unit 501 to the lamp 6a. Is done. The lamp 6 emits light when an alternating current is applied. In the lamp status detector 5a, the communication controller

A part of the alternating current output from 4a is supplied to the storage battery 502, and the storage battery 502 is charged.

In the lamp state detector 5a, the ammeter 503 measures the rms value of the alternating current flowing through the lamp 6a, and uses the measured current effective value I as the resistance calculating unit 505, the deterioration determining unit 506, and the illuminance. Output to the drop judgment unit 508. Also, a voltmeter

Reference numeral 504 measures the effective value of the AC voltage applied to the lamp 6a, and outputs the measured effective voltage V to the resistance calculator 505. The resistance calculator 505 calculates the resistance value R of the lamp 6a based on the input effective current value I and effective voltage value V. The resistance value R can be obtained by (Equation 1). R = VZ I (Equation 1) The resistance calculation unit 505 outputs the resistance value R obtained by (Equation 1) to the deterioration determination unit 506. In this way, the ammeter 503, the voltmeter 504, and the resistance calculator 505 measure the resistance value of the lamp 6a, and these may be collectively referred to as a resistance measuring device.

The deterioration determination unit 506 determines the lamp effective time I and the resistance value R, and the reference value output from the reference value setting unit 510, in order to determine the lamp replacement time before the filament is disconnected. The deterioration state of the filament of the lamp 6a is determined based on the current value I 0 and the reference resistance value R 0. The reference resistance value R 0 is equal to the reference current value of the lamp 6 a in a state where the filament is not deteriorated.

The resistance value of lamp 6a when a current of 10.

The method of setting the reference current value I 0 and the reference resistance value R 0 at 5 10 will be described later. The deterioration judging unit 506 determines each value of the effective current value I, the resistance value R, the reference current value I0, and the reference resistance value R0 as

Substitute in 2) and check whether (Equation 2) holds.

> (Number 2)

In equation (2), the left-hand side is the ratio of the resistance value R converted to the resistance value when the current of the reference current value I 0 flows through the lamp 6a to the reference resistance value R 0 (hereinafter, the resistance ratio Α1 on the right side is a deterioration judgment index. Also, κ1 is a constant representing the dependence of the lamp resistance on the lamp current, and is known to be about 0.46 in the case of a halogen lamp. You. Next, a method of setting the deterioration determination index 1 will be described. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the cumulative lighting time of the lamp and the resistance ratio. FIG. 3 shows a case where the filament of the lamp is broken when the cumulative lighting time reaches approximately 910 [hr]. As shown in the figure, when the cumulative lighting time is 600 Chr], the resistance ratio is almost 1.0, and then gradually increases until the filament is disconnected. The reason for the gradual increase in the resistance ratio is that the filament of the lamp has the property of gradually increasing with the deterioration of the filament. When the cumulative lighting time reaches about 910 [hr] (when the resistance ratio becomes 1.1), the filament of the lamp is broken and the resistance ratio becomes infinite. This is due to the fact that the resistance of the lamp filament became infinite due to the core being broken. In this way, the resistance ratio of the lamp is maintained at 1.0 from the start of lighting until about 600 (hr), that is, when the filament of the lamp is in a “healthy” state. As the “deterioration” progresses, it gradually increases to 1.1, and then becomes “disintegrated” and becomes infinite. In order to replace the lamp, the deterioration determination index α1 is set to 1.02, which is the value of the resistance ratio in the initial stage of the deterioration of the filament. If the deterioration determination index exceeds 1.02, that is, if (Equation 2) is satisfied, it is determined that the filament of the lamp 6a has deteriorated. Converted to the resistance value when a current of I0 flows In this embodiment, it is determined that the filament of the lamp 6a is degraded when the resistance of the lamp 6a is larger than the reference resistance value R 0 by 2%. Runs take advantage of the increase in filament resistance. Judge the deterioration of the filament of the pump. In the present embodiment, the deterioration determination index was set to 1 = 1.02. However, the value of the deterioration determination index α1 is not limited to 1.02, and the value before the filament of the lamp is disconnected. The value of the resistance ratio that is appropriate for replacing the lamp should be determined by a test or the like and set.

The deterioration determination unit 506 outputs “1” when (Equation 2) is satisfied, and outputs “0” when (Equation 2) is not satisfied. That is, "1" is output when the filament of the lamp 6a is degraded, and "0" is output when the filament of the lamp 6a is not degraded. The result of the deterioration judgment of the filament by the deterioration judgment section 506 is inputted to the exchange judgment section 509.

The photoelectric element 7a receives light emitted from the lamp 6a and outputs an electric signal corresponding to the number of photons to the illuminometer 507. The illuminometer 507 obtains the illuminance E of the light emitted from the lamp 6a based on the electric signal output from the photoelectric element 7a, and outputs the obtained illuminance E to the illuminance reduction determining unit 508. In the present embodiment, the photoelectric element 7a and the illuminometer 503 are separately described. However, the photoelectric element and the illuminometer may be collectively referred to as an illuminometer. The illuminance reduction determination section 5 08 determines the lamp 6 based on the input current effective value I and the illuminance E and the reference current value I 0 and the reference illuminance E 0 output from the reference value setting section 5 10. Judge whether the illuminance in a has dropped to a level that requires lamp replacement. The reference illuminance E 0 is the illuminance of light emitted from the lamp 6 a when a current having the reference current value I 0 is supplied to the lamp 6 a in a state where the filament is not deteriorated. The method of setting the reference illuminance E 0 at 10 will be described later. The illuminance drop determination unit 508 substitutes each value of the current effective value I, the illuminance E, the reference current value I0, and the reference illuminance E0 into (Equation 3), and checks whether (Equation 3) holds. I do. 〉 Β 1 (Equation 3)

Note that, in (Equation 3), i31 is an illuminance decrease determination index, and is set to 0.5 in the present embodiment. Further, κ 2 is a constant indicating the dependence of the lamp illuminance on the lamp current, and is known to be about 5.90 in the case of a halogen lamp. Therefore, in this embodiment, κ 2 == 5.9 Set to 0.

The left side of (Equation 3) calculates the ratio of the illuminance Ε converted to the illuminance when the current of the reference current value I 0 flows to the lamp 6a and the reference illuminance E 0 (hereinafter referred to as the illuminance ratio). Is what you do. In the present embodiment, when the illuminance ratio is less than 0.5, that is, when (Equation 3) holds, it is determined that the illuminance of the lamp 6a has decreased to such a degree that the lamp needs to be replaced. In other words, when the illuminance E is converted to the illuminance when the current of the reference current value I0 flows through the lamp 6a and becomes less than half of the reference illuminance E0, the illuminance of the lamp 6a changes the lamp. It is determined that it has decreased to the required level. Thus, in the present embodiment, the illuminance reduction determination is performed. In this example, the illuminance decrease judgment index 31 was set to 0.5, but the value of the illuminance decrease judgment index / 31 is not limited to 0.5, and it is judged that the lamp needs to be replaced. An appropriate value of the illuminance ratio may be determined by a test or the like and set.

The illuminance decrease determination unit 5 08 outputs “1” when (Equation 3) is satisfied,

If (Equation 3) does not hold, "0" is output. In other words, when the illuminance of lamp 6a has decreased to a level that requires replacement of the lamp,

Outputs "1", and outputs "0" when the illuminance of lamp 6a has not decreased to a level that requires replacement of the lamp. The result of the lamp illuminance reduction determination by the illuminance reduction determining unit 508 is input to the replacement determining unit 509. The replacement determination unit 509 determines that the lamp 6a needs to be replaced when at least one of the deterioration determination unit 506 and the illuminance reduction determination unit 508 outputs “1”. 1 ”is output. Note that the replacement determination unit 509 determines that the lamp 6a does not need to be replaced when `` 0 '' is output from both the deterioration determination unit 506 and the illuminance decrease determination unit 508, and Outputs “0”. The output of the replacement determination unit 509 is output to the communication controller 4a as the output of the lamp state detector 5a. In this manner, the replacement time of the lamp 6a is determined by the deterioration determination unit 506, the illuminance reduction determination unit 508, and the replacement determination unit 509, and these may be collectively referred to as a determination unit.

As described above, the lamp state detector 5a determines whether or not the lamp 6a needs to be replaced, and outputs the determination result to the communication controller 4a. The other lamp status detectors also determine whether or not each lamp needs to be replaced, and output the determination result to each communication controller.

When `` 1 '' is output from the corresponding lamp state detector, the communication controllers 4 a to 4 n pass a signal indicating a preset identification number to the corresponding lamp through the power line 2 via the transformer. Place on alternating current. For example, if the lamp status detector 5a and the lamp status detector 5n determine that the lamp needs to be replaced, the communication controller 4a places a signal indicating the identification number of the lamp 6a on the AC current. The communication controller 4 n applies a signal indicating the identification number of the lamp 6 n to the alternating current. The signal on the alternating current is received by the signal receiver 8 via the transformer 3z. The signal receiver 8 decodes the identification number of the lamp determined to require replacement from the received signal, and outputs the decoded identification number to the lamp status display 9. Since the power line carrier technology for transmitting information by putting a signal on the alternating current flowing through the power line is a known technology, a detailed description of signal transmission / reception will be described. Is omitted. The power line carrier technology is described, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-92588. As described above, in this embodiment, the information (identification number) of the lamp determined to require replacement is transmitted using the power line for supplying current to the lamp, so that a signal line for information transmission is separately provided. There is no need to install it, and lamp status can be monitored at low cost.

Although Fig. 1 shows only one system in which a number of lamps 6a to 6n are connected to one constant current source 1, such a system is actually installed in the airport. Many lamps are provided, and the lamp status is detected in each system in the same way. Then, the detected lamp status is collected on a lamp status indicator 9.

The lamp status indicator 9 displays a lamp that needs to be replaced on the display panel based on the input identification number. FIG. 4 shows a display example on the display panel 91 of the lamp status indicator 9. As shown in the figure, on the display panel 91, the lamps are displayed by circles for each system. Also, a circle corresponding to a lamp determined to be required to be replaced (hereinafter referred to as a lamp requiring replacement) and a circle corresponding to a lamp determined not to be required to be replaced (hereinafter referred to as a lamp requiring no replacement) Displayed in different colors. For example, a lamp requiring replacement is displayed as a red circle, and a lamp not requiring replacement is displayed as a blue circle. In addition, the system name of the system that has a lamp that requires replacement is displayed in a different color from the system name of the system that includes only the lamps that do not require replacement. In addition, the system that has the lamps that need to be replaced and the numbers of the lamps in that system are displayed in the separately provided replacement lamp display column 92. Since the lamps that need to be replaced are displayed in this way, the observer can immediately recognize the lamps that need to be replaced, and the lamp can be replaced immediately.

Next, the method of setting each reference value performed when replacing the lamp is described. This will be described using the lamp state detector 5a shown in FIG.

Workers will replace the lamps that need to be replaced on the display panel 91 described above, but when the lamp replacement work is completed, the worker will turn the reset switch 5 1 1 shown in Fig. 2 on. Push. When the reset switch 51 1 is pressed, a switching signal is input to the power switching unit 501, and the input terminal of the power switching unit 501 is switched from a to b. Therefore, instead of the alternating current supplied through the communication controller 4a, the current output from the storage battery 502 is supplied to the lamp 6a. In addition, as described above, the storage battery 502 is always kept charged by the alternating current supplied through the communication control unit 4a. The output current of the storage battery 502 is adjusted so that the value of the current output from the storage battery 502 when connected to the lamp 6a becomes a preset value (reference current value I 0). You. Note that the reference current value I 0 may be set to any value as long as the value is sufficient for lighting the lamp.

After a certain period of time (one minute in this embodiment) from the time when the current is supplied from the storage battery 502 to the lamp 6a, the resistance value R calculated by the resistance calculation unit 506 and the illuminometer 507 are measured. The illuminance E thus set is set as a reference folder value R 0 and a reference illuminance E 0 in the reference value setting section 5 10. Further, the reference current value I 0 is set in the reference value setting section 5 10 in advance. The reason why the reference value is set one minute after the current is supplied from the storage battery 502 to the lamp 6a is that it takes about one minute for the brightness of the lamp 6a to stabilize. is there. When the setting of the reference value is completed, the reference value setting unit 501 outputs a switching signal to the power switching unit 501, and the power switching unit 501 receiving the switching signal switches the input terminal from a to a. Switch to

As described above, when the lamp is replaced, the reference value Set the reference resistance R 0 and reference illuminance E 0.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a housing for accommodating the transformer 3a, the communication controller 4a, the lamp state detector 5a, the lamp 6a, and the photoelectric element 7a of the present embodiment. As shown in Fig. 5, the transformer 3a, the communication controller 4a, the lamp state detector 5a, the lamp 6a, and the photoelectric element 7a are provided in a housing 5 buried in the ground such as an aircraft passage. Stored in one. In the housing 51, light emitted from the lamp 6a is collected by the reflecting mirror 52 into the optical filter 53. The optical filter 53 transmits only light of a predetermined wavelength (color) of the collected light, and reflects light of other wavelengths (color). Light transmitted through the optical filter 53 (hereinafter referred to as transmitted light) is emitted to the outside of the housing 51 through the tempered glass 54.

On the other hand, the photoelectric element 7a is disposed between the lamp 6a and the optical filter 53, and the light reflected by the optical filter 53 (hereinafter, referred to as reflected light) is collected by the condenser lens 55. And receive light efficiently. In the illuminometer 507 of the lamp state detector 5a, the illuminance of the transmitted light is obtained based on the number of photons of the light (reflected light) received by the photoelectric element 7a. Since the number of photons of light and the illuminance of transmitted light have a fixed relationship, the illuminance of transmitted light can be determined accurately. The reason for obtaining the illuminance of the transmitted light based on the number of photons of the reflected light in the present embodiment is as follows.

If the number of photons in the transmitted light is to be directly measured, a photoelectric element must be arranged on the optical path of the transmitted light that has passed through the optical filter 53, and there is a problem that the transmitted light is blocked. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the illuminance of transmitted light is determined based on the number of photons of reflected light that is not emitted to the outside of the housing 51. By doing so, it is possible to measure the illuminance of the transmitted light without blocking the transmitted light and with a simple configuration. The arrangement of the lamp 6a and the photoelectric element 7a in the housing 51 has been described above. However, since other lamps, photoelectric elements, and the like are arranged in the same manner, the description is omitted.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the lamp state detectors 5a to 5n determine the deterioration of the filament and reduce the illuminance based on the measured resistances and illuminances of the lamps 6a to 6n. A judgment is made, and when at least one of them determines that the lamp should be replaced, it is determined that the lamp should be replaced. Regarding any of the illuminance reductions of the lamp caused by the disconnection due to the deterioration of the lamp, it is possible to determine the lamp replacement time before the illuminance of the lamp falls below the required illuminance. Therefore, it is possible to reliably guide the aircraft.

In this embodiment, a constant current source is used as a power supply for supplying power to the lamps 6a to 6n, but a constant voltage source may be used.

(Example 2)

A lamp condition monitoring device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The lamp state monitoring device of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above mainly in the following five points.

(1) A point where information on the lamp status detected by the lamp status detector is transmitted via a dedicated signal line.

(2) The voltage value applied to the lamp filament is used for deterioration judgment.

(3) Estimating the lamp life based on the rated current lighting time.

点 The point where the photoelectric element that measures the number of photons of light emitted from the lamp is made movable.

定量 The lamp status is displayed quantitatively on the display panel of the lamp status indicator. The point to indicate.

Hereinafter, points different from the first embodiment will be described.

FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the lamp status monitoring device of the present embodiment, and FIG. 7 shows the configuration of the lamp status detector 5a 'of the present embodiment. Note that the other lamp state detectors have the same configuration, and their operations are also the same. In FIG. 7, the alternating current flowing through the power line 2 is supplied to the lamp 6a via the transformer 3a and the lamp state detector 5a '. In the lamp state detector 5a ', the ammeter 503 measures the effective current value I, which is the effective value of the alternating current flowing through the lamp 6a, and uses the measured effective current value I as a deterioration judgment unit 506. ', And output to the illuminance reduction judgment section 508' and the life estimation section 512. Further, the voltmeter 504 measures the effective voltage V, which is the effective value of the AC voltage applied to the lamp 6a, and outputs the measured effective voltage V to the deterioration determination unit 506 '. Further, the rated value storage section 5 13 stores in advance the rated current value In, the rated voltage value Vn, and the rated illuminance En set as the specifications of the lamp 6a. n and the rated voltage value Vn are output to the deterioration judgment section 506 ', and the rated current value In and the rated illuminance En are output to the illuminance reduction judgment section 508'.

The deterioration determination unit 506 'substitutes the input effective current value I, effective voltage value V, rated current value In, and rated voltage value Vn into (Equation 4), and (Equation 4) holds. Make sure.

V I n κ 3

> 2 (number 4)

Vn In Equation 4, α2 is a deterioration determination index, and is set to 1.08 in the present embodiment. Also, κ3 is the lamp voltage with respect to the lamp current. It is a constant representing the dependence characteristic, and it is known that the value is about 1.85 in the case of a halogen lamp. Therefore, in this embodiment, κ 3 is set to 1.85.

The left side of (Equation 4) is the ratio of the voltage effective value V converted to the voltage value when the current of the rated current value In flows to the lamp 6a and the rated voltage value Vn (hereinafter, voltage Ratio). In this embodiment, when the voltage ratio exceeds 1.08, that is, when (Equation 4) holds, it is determined that the filament of the lamp 6a has deteriorated. In other words, the value obtained by converting the effective voltage value V to the voltage value when the current of the rated current value In flows through the lamp 6a becomes 8% larger than the rated voltage value Vn. Judge that the force has deteriorated. This is a deterioration judgment using the increase in the voltage value accompanying the increase in the resistance value due to the deterioration of the lamp. In this embodiment, the force with the deterioration judgment index α 2 = 1.08, the value of the deterioration judgment index α 2 is not limited to 1.08, and the lamp is replaced before the lamp filament is disconnected. What is necessary is just to obtain and set an appropriate value of the voltage ratio by a test or the like. The deterioration determining unit 5 06 ′ outputs “1” when (Equation 4) is satisfied, and outputs “0” when (Equation 4) is not satisfied. That is, "1" is output when the filament of the lamp 6a is degraded, and "0" is output when the filament of the lamp 6a is not degraded. The voltage ratio, the value of the deterioration determination index α2, and the result of the deterioration determination of the filament obtained by the deterioration determining unit 506 ′ are input to the modem 10a as the output of the lamp state detector 5a ′. You.

Illuminance E measured by the illuminometer 507 is input to the illuminance decrease determination unit 508 ', in addition to the current effective value I, the rated current value In, and the rated illuminance En. The illuminance drop determination unit 5 08 ′ substitutes each of the input effective current value I, illuminance E, rated current value In, and rated illuminance En into (Equation 5), and 5) Check whether or not holds. K β 1 (Equation 5)

Note that, in (Equation 5),] 31 is an illuminance decrease determination index, and is set to 0.5 in the present embodiment as in the first embodiment. Further, κ2 is a constant indicating the dependence of the lamp illuminance on the lamp current, and in this embodiment, κ2 = 5.90 as in the first embodiment.

The left side of (Equation 5) is the ratio of the illuminance Ε converted to the illuminance when the current of the rated current value I η flows to the lamp 6a and the rated illuminance Ε 0 (hereinafter referred to as the illuminance ratio). . In the present embodiment, when the illuminance ratio is lower than 0.5, that is, when (Equation 5) holds, it is determined that the illuminance of the lamp 6a has decreased to a level that requires replacement of the lamp. In other words, when the illuminance E is converted to the illuminance when the current of the rated current value In flows through the lamp 6a, and the illuminance is less than half of the rated illuminance En, the illuminance of the lamp 6a will be replaced. It is determined that it has decreased to the required level. Thus, in the present embodiment, the illuminance reduction determination is performed. In the present embodiment, the illuminance reduction determination index i3 1 = 0.5, but the value of the illuminance reduction determination index] 31 is not limited to 0.5, and it is necessary to replace the lamp. An appropriate value of the illuminance ratio for determination may be obtained and set by a test or the like.

The illuminance reduction determining section 5 08 ′ outputs “1” when (Equation 5) holds, and outputs “0” when (Equation 5) does not hold. That is, when the illuminance of the lamp 6a has decreased to such a degree that the lamp needs to be replaced, "1" is output, and the illuminance of the lamp 6a decreases to such a degree that the lamp needs to be replaced. If not, "0" is output. This illumination reduction judgment unit The value of the illuminance ratio and the value of the illuminance reduction determination index 31 obtained by 5 0 8 ′ and the result of the illuminance reduction determination are output from the lamp status detector 5 a ′ as a modem.

Input to 1 0a.

In the lamp status detector 5a ', the reset switch 5 1 1

6 Pushed by an operator when a is replaced. When the reset switch 511 is pressed, a reset signal is input to the life estimation section 5122. The life estimation unit 512 calculates the total lighting time of the lamp 6a from the time when the reset signal is input. Hereinafter, the procedure will be described.

When the reset signal is input, the life estimation unit 5 12 stores the current effective value I (for example, 4 [A]) at that time and starts counting time. Then, the stored current effective value I (4 [A]) is compared with the new current effective value I output from the ammeter 503, and the current effective value I output from the ammeter 503 is calculated as 4 Continue counting time until it changes from [A]. If the current effective value I output from the ammeter 503 changes from 4 [A] to, for example, 5 [A], the time t (for example, 100 [hr]) counted up to that point is stored. Then, the time until the current effective value I changes from 5 [A] is counted. As described above, the life estimation unit 512 obtains the effective current value I and the time during which the current of that value is supplied to the lamp 6a, and stores them in correspondence.

Further, based on the current effective value I and the time t stored in association with each other, the life estimating unit 5 1 2 determines the time t as the time tn (the rated current lighting Hour). FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the effective value of the current passed through the lamp and the cumulative lighting time. The life estimation unit 512 performs time conversion based on the graph in FIG. For example, when a current of 4 [A] flows for 100 [hr], When converted to the time tn when a rated current (6.6 [A] in this embodiment) flows from the switch, tn = 0.2 [mhr]. The life judging unit 512 accumulates the time tn obtained in this way as the time during which the rated current value In is passed, that is, as the rated current lighting time.

Then, the life estimating unit 512 obtains the lamp burnout probability based on the accumulated rated current lighting time tn. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the rated current lighting time t n and the lamp disconnection probability. Based on the graph of FIG. 9, the life estimating section 512 calculates the lamp burnout probability from the rated current lighting time tn, and the calculated lamp burnout probability exceeds the set threshold value of 80%. It is determined whether or not there is. If the judgment result exceeds 80 [%], there is a high probability of disconnection. In other words, “1” is output as the life is near, and if it does not exceed 80 [%], the disconnection is performed. Outputs “0” as the probability is low. The lamp burnout probability, the set threshold value, and the result of the life determination obtained by the life estimation unit 512 are output to the modem 10a as the output of the lamp state detector 5a '. In FIG. 6, the modems 10 & 101 transmit the information output from the lamp status detectors 5 a ′ to 5 n ′ together with the corresponding lamp identification numbers via the signal dedicated line 11 via the modem 10. Transmit to z. The modem 10z outputs the information of each lamp transmitted from the modems 10a to 10n to the lamp status display 9 in association with the identification number of each lamp. As described above, in this embodiment, since the information on the lamp state is transmitted through the signal dedicated line 11, the amount of information that can be transmitted can be increased as compared with the case where power line carrier is used.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a display example on the display panel 91 of the lamp status display 9. The difference from the first embodiment is that a lamp whose life is determined to be short is displayed and a lamp status parameter display section 93 is provided. As in the first embodiment, the lamps on the display panel 91 are divided for each system. It is displayed as a circle. The circles corresponding to the lamps that need to be replaced, the lamps that do not need to be replaced, and the lamps that have been judged to be near the end of their lives (hereinafter referred to as near-life lamps) are displayed in different colors. For example, a lamp that needs replacement is displayed as a red circle, a lamp that does not need to be replaced is displayed as a blue circle, and a near-life lamp is displayed as a yellow circle. Further, what kind of lamp each circle indicates is displayed in the display column 93.

The display panel 91 has a lamp status parameter overnight display 攔 94.The lamp status parameter overnight display column 94 displays the system name and the lamp number of the system. Buttons 95 and 96 provided for each of them allow the observer to change. In addition, the lamp status parameter overnight display column 94 shows the voltage ratio (left side of (Equation 4)), the illuminance ratio (left side of (Equation 5)), and the lamp fire in the target lamp. The core probabilities are displayed with their respective set thresholds. Note that the set threshold value for the voltage ratio is the deterioration determination index α2, and the set threshold value for the illuminance ratio is the illuminance decrease determination index j3 1. With this display, the observer can see at a glance whether the lamp replacement is imminent and what causes the lamp that needs to be replaced. . In addition, on the display panel 91, for the lamp that needs to be replaced, the reason why the replacement is required may be indicated by an expression such as “blackened lamp” or “degraded filament”.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a housing for accommodating the transformer 3a, the lamp state detector 5a ', the lamp 6a, the photoelectric element 7a and the modem 10a in this embodiment. . As described above, if the photoelectric element is arranged on the optical path of the transmitted light transmitted through the optical filter 53, the light will be blocked. Therefore, in the first embodiment, between the lamp 6a and the optical filter 53, Photoelectric element 7a is arranged However, in the present embodiment, the movable photoelectric element 7a is provided on the optical path of the transmitted light. Hereinafter, the movable photoelectric element 7a will be described.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the movable photoelectric element 7a (region A in FIG. 11). In FIG. 12, a photoelectric element 7a for detecting the number of photons is installed on the mouth of a supersonic wave motor. In addition, the low-frequency ultrasonic motor 1 2 1 is installed on the 1st ultrasonic motor station 1 2 2. Further, the detected value of the photoelectric element 7a is transmitted to the contact 123, and the lamp state detector

5 Entered into a '. The movement of the ultrasonic motor will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 13 is a view of the inside of the housing 51 shown in FIG. 11 as viewed from above. Here, the photoelectric element 7a is provided on the rotor 12 1 of the ultrasonic motor. In the figure, 13 1 is the position of the photoelectric element 7 a during measurement standby, 13 2 is the position of the photoelectric element 7 a during measurement, and when 13 2 has the photoelectric element 7 a, the transmitted light Because it is on the road and in contact with contacts 1 2 3

An electric signal corresponding to the number of photons of light from 6a is input to the lamp state detector 5a '. On the other hand, when the photoelectric element Ίa is provided at 131, since the photoelectric element 7a is off the optical path of the transmitted light and is not in contact with the contact 123, the lamp state detector 5a ' Does not receive an electric signal. As described above, the movable photoelectric element 7a having a structure for moving the photoelectric element 7a between the position 132 located on the optical path of the transmitted light and the position 131 located outside the optical path of the transmitted light is used. Accordingly, when the number of photons is not measured, the photoelectric element 7a can be removed from the optical path of the transmitted light, and the photoelectric element 7a can be arranged on the optical path of the transmitted light only when the number of photons is measured. If the measurement of the number of photons is performed in a short time, the interruption of transmitted light can be suppressed in a short time, and the illuminance can be measured without hindering the guidance of the aircraft. In addition, since the transmitted light transmitted through the optical filter 53 is directly measured, the measurement accuracy is higher than that in Example 1. The degree improves. The timing of measuring the number of photons may be, for example, when the effective current value I changes, or a monitoring person may manually instruct the measurement.

Since the ultrasonic mode is a known technique, a detailed description of its structure and the like will be omitted. Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the ultrasonic motor is used has been described, but a more general electromagnetic motor or the like may be used. According to the present embodiment described above, the deterioration determination of the filament and the reduction of the illuminance based on the voltage value of the lamp 6a are performed. Therefore, the illuminance reduction of the lamp and the filament Regarding any decrease in lamp illuminance caused by the disconnection, the lamp replacement time can be determined before the lamp illuminance falls below the required illuminance. Therefore, it is possible to reliably guide the aircraft.

In addition, in this embodiment, since the probability of lamp burnout is provided to the observer, the observer can estimate how long the lamp will be burnt out later, making it easier to make a lamp replacement plan.

In this embodiment, a constant current source is used as a power supply for supplying power to the lamps 6a to 6n, but a constant voltage source may be used. However, in that case, the deterioration of the lamp filament is determined based on the current flowing through the lamp.

Further, in the present embodiment, although the points (1) to (4) described above are different from the first embodiment, the configuration in which the points (1) and (2) are changed without changing all the points (1) to (5) in the first embodiment. However, it is needless to say that a configuration in which only the point 変更 is changed can be realized as a lamp state monitoring device, and various combinations of configurations are conceivable.

In the first and second embodiments described above, a halogen lamp is used as a lamp. Although the above example has been described, the present invention can be applied to any lamp whose illuminance decreases due to blackening or deterioration of the filament as in the case of a hacogen lamp.

Further, in the first and second embodiments, the case where the status of the ramp disposed at the airport for guiding the aircraft is monitored has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the ramp disposed at the airport, but may be disposed on an expressway or the like. The present invention can be applied to a lamp.

Further, in the first and second embodiments, the lamp state detector for determining the deterioration of the filament and the decrease in the illuminance is provided for each of the plurality of lamps. However, the lamp state detector may be integrated. it can. That is, each lamp may be provided with only measuring instruments such as an ammeter, a voltmeter, and a photoelectric element, and the values measured by each measuring instrument may be collected in one computer, and then the state of each lamp may be determined by the computer.

Lastly, a method of installing the lamp state monitoring device described above will be described. When installing the lamp condition monitoring device, it is conceivable to install the entire system anew, but if a lamp has already been installed, other configurations may be added. For example, if an airport lamp system consisting of a plurality of lamps and a power line for supplying power to the lamps is already installed in the airport, and the lamp status monitoring device of the first embodiment is configured, communication control is performed. Modifications may be made by newly installing the detectors 4a to 4n, the lamp status detectors 5a to 5n, the photoelectric elements 7a to 7n, the signal receiver 8, and the lamp status indicator 9. On the other hand, when configuring the lamp state monitoring device of the second embodiment, the lamp state detectors 5 a ′ to 5 η ′, the photoelectric elements 7 a to 7 η, the lamp state display 9, and the modem 10 a to 10 η , 10ζ, and a dedicated signal line 11 may be added. Industrial applicability

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be applied to the state monitoring of many lamps installed in an airport, a highway, etc. With this application, it is possible to replace a lamp at an airport or an expressway before the illuminance of the lamp falls below the required illuminance.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. An illuminometer for measuring the illuminance of light emitted from the lamp, a resistance meter for measuring the resistance value of the lamp, and based on the illuminance measured by the illuminometer and the resistance value measured by the resistance meter. And a determination unit for determining whether or not the lamp needs to be replaced.

2. The determining unit is configured to determine, based on the measured illuminance, whether the illuminance of the light emitted from the lamp has decreased to an illuminance requiring replacement of the lamp, and the measured illuminance decrease determining unit. A deterioration determination unit that determines whether the lamp element has deteriorated to a level that requires replacement of the lamp based on the threshold value, wherein the illuminance reduction determination unit determines the amount of light emitted from the lamp. When it is determined that the illuminance has decreased to the illuminance requiring replacement of the lamp, or when it is determined by the deterioration determination unit that the filament of the lamp has deteriorated to such an extent that the lamp needs to be replaced. 2. The lamp state detector according to claim 1, wherein it is determined that the lamp needs to be replaced.

3. An illuminometer for measuring the illuminance of the light emitted from the lamp, a voltmeter for measuring the value of the voltage applied to the lamp, and the illuminance measured by the illuminometer and the illuminance measured by the voltmeter. A determination unit for determining whether or not the lamp needs to be replaced based on the voltage value obtained.

4. The determining unit is configured to determine whether the illuminance of the light emitted from the lamp has decreased to an illuminance requiring replacement of the lamp based on the measured illuminance, and an illuminance reduction determining unit, and the measured voltage Based on the value, it is difficult to determine whether the lamp filament has deteriorated to the extent that the lamp needs to be replaced. When the illuminance decrease determination unit determines that the illuminance of the light emitted from the lamp has decreased to the illuminance requiring replacement of the lamp, or 4. The lamp state detector according to claim 3, wherein it is determined that the lamp needs to be replaced when it is determined that the filament has deteriorated to such a degree that the lamp needs to be replaced.

5. A lamp that emits light, an optical filter that transmits only light of a predetermined wavelength out of the light emitted by the lamp, and reflects light of other wavelengths; An illuminometer installed between the illuminator and receiving light reflected by the optical filter and obtaining illuminance of light transmitted through the optical filter; a resistance measuring device for measuring a resistance value of the lamp; A lamp state detector comprising: a determination unit that determines whether the lamp needs to be replaced based on the illuminance measured by the illuminometer and the resistance value measured by the resistance measuring device.

6. A lamp that emits light, an optical filter that transmits only light of a predetermined wavelength out of the light emitted by the lamp and reflects light of other wavelengths, and an illuminance for measuring the illuminance of the received light. An illuminometer moving unit that moves the illuminometer between a first position on the optical path of light transmitted through the optical filter and a second position outside the optical path; and a resistance value of the lamp. A resistance measuring instrument for measuring the illuminance meter and determining whether the lamp needs to be replaced based on the illuminance measured when the illuminometer is at the first position and the resistance value measured by the resistance measuring instrument. A lamp status detector, comprising:

7. An illuminometer for measuring the illuminance of the light emitted from the lamp, a resistance measuring instrument for measuring the resistance of the lamp, and the illuminance measured by the illuminometer and the A plurality of lamp state detectors having a determination unit for determining whether or not the lamp needs to be replaced based on the resistance value measured by the resistance measuring device; and A plurality of communication controllers for outputting a preset identification number to the lamp when the determination section determines that the lamp needs to be replaced;

A display for displaying a lamp determined to require replacement based on identification numbers output from the plurality of communication controllers;

A lamp condition monitoring device comprising:

8. A plurality of lamps installed at the airport, a plurality of lamp status detectors provided for each of the plurality of lamps and determining whether the lamps need to be replaced, and a plurality of lamp status detectors for each of the plurality of lamp status detectors A plurality of communication controllers that are provided, and output a preset identification number to the lamp when the lamp state detector determines that the lamp needs to be replaced; and a plurality of the communication controllers. A lamp for displaying a lamp determined to be required to be replaced based on the output identification number.

9. Of the multiple lamps installed at the airport, the lamps that need to be replaced are displayed, and the reason why the lamps need to be replaced is that the lamp has turned black and that the lamp filament has deteriorated. A display device which displays at least one of them.

10. Determine whether the lamp should be replaced based on the illuminance of light emitted from the lamp, determine whether the lamp should be replaced based on the resistance value of the lamp, and determine based on the illuminance and the resistance. A lamp replacement method characterized in that when at least one of the determinations based on the value determines that the lamp should be replaced, the lamp is replaced.

11. An airport lamp system having a plurality of lamps installed at an airport, and a power line for transmitting power from a power supply to the lamps, an illuminometer for measuring the illuminance of light emitted from the lamps, A resistance measuring device for measuring the resistance value of the lamp and a determination unit for determining whether the lamp needs to be replaced based on the illuminance measured by the illuminometer and the resistance value measured by the resistance measuring device are installed. Airport ramp system remodeling method characterized by performing the following tasks:

1 2. For an airport lamp system having a plurality of housings installed at an airport, each housing a lamp, and a power line for transmitting power from the power supply to the lamps, the housing housing the lamps is replaced with a housing. An illuminometer for measuring the illuminance of the light emitted from the lamp and the lamp, a resistance measuring instrument for measuring the resistance of the lamp, and the illuminance measured by the illuminometer and the resistance measured by the resistance measuring instrument A method for remodeling an airport lamp system, comprising: performing a work of installing a housing for housing a determination unit for determining whether or not the lamp needs to be replaced based on the lamp.

13. An operation of installing a display for displaying the determination result of the determination unit and a signal line for transmitting the determination result of the determination unit to the display. 12. A method of modifying the airport ramp system described in any of 1 to 2.