WO2001042571A2 - Method for installing a load-bearing civil engineering construction - Google Patents
Method for installing a load-bearing civil engineering construction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001042571A2 WO2001042571A2 PCT/NL2000/000914 NL0000914W WO0142571A2 WO 2001042571 A2 WO2001042571 A2 WO 2001042571A2 NL 0000914 W NL0000914 W NL 0000914W WO 0142571 A2 WO0142571 A2 WO 0142571A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- support elements
- layer
- containers
- coupled
- bed
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/18—Foundations formed by making use of caissons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/02—Caissons able to be floated on water and to be lowered into water in situ
Definitions
- the application relates to a method for installing a load-bearing civil engineerijt construction, such as foundations for quays, piers, dikes and dams, landing stages, storage sites and road formations.
- a load-bearing civil engineerijt construction such as foundations for quays, piers, dikes and dams, landing stages, storage sites and road formations.
- the aim of the invention is to provide a method for rapidly and inexpensively forming a load-bearing construction which can be installed either on an underwater bed or on a bed above water, specifically with the aid of strong load-bearing elements of low weight.
- a reliable life of 20 - 25 years must be achieved with this type of lightweight and at the same time strong constructions. It is preferable that numerous parts of the load- bearing construction can be re-used when the construction is removed.
- a further aim of the invention is to provide a versatile method with which use can be made of existing techniques and materials, with which the energy consumption is low and which can be employed under many different conditions.
- a further aim of the invention is to provide a method for rapidly installing a temporary foundation.
- the method according to the invention is characterised in that a set of hollow support elements coupled to one another is installed as the construction, wherein the support elements are coupled in the lateral direction in a first layer and wherein a second layer of support elements coupled in the lateral direction is placed on the first layer and joined to the first layer.
- the hollow support elements are lightweight and can easily be transported in large quantities to the destination. By stacking and coupling the elements to one another, a predetermined volume can be built up in a simple manner until the top layer of the support elements is at the desired height. A top layer, with any building, road surface and other infrastructure thereon, can then be laid on the top layer of support elements. Because the support elements coupled to one another are lightweight, the additional load on the substrate due to the support elements is low, so that no major settlement of the substrate occurs. As a result of the modular construction of the foundations, the shape thereof can easily be adapted to the desired circumstances.
- the support elements are in particular suitable for positioning on an underwater bed so as to extend to close to or above the water level.
- watery areas such as, for example, marshy ground, harbours, coastal regions or lakes can be quickly temporarily dammed in order to create temporary building, storage or transport areas during construction work.
- a temporary pier in the sea, or a temporary wharf is a temporary pier in the sea, or a temporary wharf.
- the support elements are also suitable for installing on a bed above water, such as in dam, dike or road formations or in dry docks, or other applications.
- the hollow support elements can be made of metal, plastic or concrete frames, around the corners of which reinforcing elements are fitted in which the coupling elements are able to engage.
- the outer surfaces of the support elements which are delimited by the ribs of the frames can be open or closed.
- the containers can be prism-shaped, polygonal or of parallelepiped shape.
- the support elements are formed by containers.
- These transport containers which are used for sea and road transport, are provided with coupling elements at their corners and can easily be joined to produce groups or modules with a number of vertically stacked horizontal layers, with various containers in each layer.
- the containers in a horizontal layer can extend, adjoining one another, in one direction or in two mutually perpendicular directions.
- the coupled containers When packed together, have a rigid lateral bond and a high load-bearing capacity, combined with a relatively low weight.
- containers rejected for transport are used, so that the method provides for effective re-use of residual material.
- the uppermost layers of the foundation formed by the stacked containers, which layers can be close to or above the water line, can be used as storage space.
- modules are formed from a number of (for example 5 by 5) containers before the containers are placed on the substrate or on other containers, which containers are brought into position as a unit using a crane, for example by sinking.
- a frame of taut steel cables can be fitted around the edges of a module of coupled containers and diagonally between the corners, in order to increase the cohesion within a module, whilst, should non-uniform settling take place, the containers within the module retain sufficient freedom of movement to be able to follow the movements.
- the top layer of support elements is preferably covered by a capping layer, such as, for example, a layer made of a plastic mat (geotextile) with a sand layer on top, in which the services are installed.
- a pavement surface such as paving, a concrete or asphalt layer, etc., is laid on top of the sand layer.
- wharves can be formed in an advantageous manner, for example by modifying existing harbours and expanding the storage sites.
- the wharf is made from a sheet piling wall behind which the stacked support elements form the foundation for the storage site.
- a supporting beam made of concrete is installed along the top of the sheet piling wall, the front rail of the wharf crane being anchored to said supporting beam.
- Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of a harbour with an infill made up of containers
- Fig. 2 shows a view of a set of containers held together by tensioning cables or rods
- Fig. 3 shows a section of a mooring wharf for ships where use is made of containers as the foundation for what is above.
- Fig. 1 shows a section of a harbour, located between two wharves 1, 2, which according to a first embodiment of the present invention has an infill of hollow support elements 3.
- the support elements 3 consist of conventional containers, such as are used in container transport by container ship or trailer, which have been coupled to one another in the horizontal and the vertical direction. Coupling of containers to one another takes place by means of the conventional coupling elements 4, 5 close to the corners of the containers. With this arrangement each container is coupled to three neighbouring containers at its corners.
- the existing bottom 6 of the harbour is raised by means of a foundation layer 7 of sand, which preferably is of shallow depth, as a result of which settling of this layer remains very slight.
- This sand layer 7 is levelled horizontally if necessary.
- the containers 3 coupled to one another bear on this sand layer 7 in a stable manner.
- Groups of containers are joined to one another by means of tensioning cables 10, 11 so as to form modules 8, 9 of, for example, 5 x 5 containers, which can be handled easily.
- modules 8, 9 can be placed on the sand layer 7 or on other containers with the aid of a crane (not shown).
- Space 13, 12 is left between the modules 8, 9 and between the module and the wharves 1, 2 in order to compensate for any movement of a module as a result of unequal settling of the substrate.
- a water-permeable plastic layer or plastic mat (geotextile) is first laid on the top of modules 8, 9 of coupled containers.
- a top layer of concrete capping slabs 14, 15 is laid on top of the water-permeable plastic layer or mat as the foundation for a pavement surface to be laid.
- Capping slabs 18 fitting tightly between the modules are used to produce the joint between the container modules to prevent material from the top layer or sand layer 16 being able to get between the containers.
- Services such as electrical cables, water pipes and telecommunication cables, can be installed in the sand layer 16 on top.
- Fig. 2 shows a module 19 according to the present invention.
- the module 19 comprises a set of eighteen containers, preferably used containers, which have been joined to one another in the conventional manner.
- the containers are provided with coupling elements 21 at all their corner points. Said coupling elements are preferably of the same type as the reinforced holes made in the corners of conventional containers. All containers are joined in both the horizontal and the vertical direction to the adjoining container within a module. In order to keep the containers in a module 19 better together, the module is provided with both horizontal, vertical and diagonal tensioning cables 22, 23, 24 which extend between the corners 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 and 31 of the module 19. These tensioning cables 22, 23, 24, attached to the outside of the module in the embodiment, make it possible to lift the module as a whole and to move it with the aid of a crane. A module of 5 x 5 containers can be moved by a 150 tonne crane.
- containers 20 which are positioned below or close to the water line are provided with holes 32 in the flat sides so that water is freely able to flow into the containers during sinking.
- Containers which end up in or below the (sea) water level are protected against the corrosive action of water and oxygen, for example by means of an epoxy primer with a bitumen layer on top.
- the tensioning cables or rods are provided with combined protection consisting of, for example, a PNC casing with a layer of grease beneath it.
- Fig. 3 shows an embodiment according to the present invention where the containers 33 coupled together form the foundation for a mooring wharf 34 for ships 35.
- the tops of the containers 33 are covered by a layer of geotextile 39 with a sand layer 39' on top of this.
- the sand layer 39' is preferably approximately two metres thick and is intended to distribute the forces which act at ground level over the uppermost containers.
- a vertical sheet piling wall 36 On the water side of the wharf 34 the containers are protected by a vertical sheet piling wall 36, the purpose of which is to prevent the containers being exposed to substantial forces as a consequence of ships 35 docking in the harbour.
- the sheet piling wall 36 extends into the clay layer 38, located below the bottom sand layer 37, in order to prevent a flow of water between and below the containers 33.
- a supporting beam 40 for example made of concrete, is installed on top of the sheet piling wall 36.
- the top of the supporting beam 40 makes it possible to install harbour furniture, for example a bollard or a crane rail 41.
- Installing a second crane rail on the top of the sand layer 39' is one of the possibilities, by means of which transfer of goods becomes possible.
- filling in a harbour site can take place in five phases: 1. Prepare the harbour for filling in (both the harbour bed and the existing wharf walls); in some cases this includes installing the removable wharf wall.
- Equip new site (cables and piping, pavement surfaces and access roads).
- the superstructure can also be produced using containers.
- a further few additional layers can be placed on top of the uppermost foundation layer of containers.
- the top container can, for example, serve as offices or as a warehouse.
- the container underneath can be used for storage.
- Lighting pylons can be installed in foundations on four adjoining comer points of individual containers.
- An additional plate, located over said four comers, ensures a uniformly distributed load over the four containers.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU32421/01A AU3242101A (en) | 1999-12-13 | 2000-12-13 | Method for installing a load-bearing civil engineering construction |
EP00991318A EP1238165A2 (en) | 1999-12-13 | 2000-12-13 | Method for installing a load-bearing civil engineering construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1013822A NL1013822C2 (en) | 1999-12-13 | 1999-12-13 | Method for installing a load-bearing civil construction. |
NL1013822 | 1999-12-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001042571A2 true WO2001042571A2 (en) | 2001-06-14 |
WO2001042571A3 WO2001042571A3 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
Family
ID=19770412
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NL2000/000914 WO2001042571A2 (en) | 1999-12-13 | 2000-12-13 | Method for installing a load-bearing civil engineering construction |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1238165A2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU3242101A (en) |
NL (1) | NL1013822C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001042571A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006035271A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-04-06 | P & T S.R.L. Port And Territory | Improved harbor |
ITRM20120023A1 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-04-20 | Pierluigi Basilotta | INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF MODULAR TRONCOPYRAMIDAL STRUCTURES IN REINFORCED CONCRETE TO REALIZE PREFABRICATED MARINE PLATFORMS THAT CAN BE EXTENDED TO ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS WHERE YOU CAN INSTALL AIRPORT OPPORTUNITIES |
CN105350488A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-02-24 | 河海大学 | Test device for novel sheet-pile wharf and manufacturing method and test method of test device |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE267131C (en) * | ||||
DE1634180B1 (en) * | 1966-06-13 | 1970-10-01 | Giuseppe Dr Vattuone | Breakwater |
EP0210010A2 (en) * | 1985-07-22 | 1987-01-28 | Alces Paul Robishaw | Construction transportation system |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2863814B2 (en) * | 1990-03-15 | 1999-03-03 | 海洋工業株式会社 | Steel caisson with excellent corrosion resistance |
-
1999
- 1999-12-13 NL NL1013822A patent/NL1013822C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-12-13 AU AU32421/01A patent/AU3242101A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-13 EP EP00991318A patent/EP1238165A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-12-13 WO PCT/NL2000/000914 patent/WO2001042571A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE267131C (en) * | ||||
DE1634180B1 (en) * | 1966-06-13 | 1970-10-01 | Giuseppe Dr Vattuone | Breakwater |
EP0210010A2 (en) * | 1985-07-22 | 1987-01-28 | Alces Paul Robishaw | Construction transportation system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 083 (M-1216), 28 February 1992 (1992-02-28) -& JP 03 267420 A (KAIYO KOGYO KK), 28 November 1991 (1991-11-28) * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006035271A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-04-06 | P & T S.R.L. Port And Territory | Improved harbor |
US8376658B2 (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2013-02-19 | P & T S.R.L. Port And Territory | Harbor |
ITRM20120023A1 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-04-20 | Pierluigi Basilotta | INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF MODULAR TRONCOPYRAMIDAL STRUCTURES IN REINFORCED CONCRETE TO REALIZE PREFABRICATED MARINE PLATFORMS THAT CAN BE EXTENDED TO ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS WHERE YOU CAN INSTALL AIRPORT OPPORTUNITIES |
CN105350488A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-02-24 | 河海大学 | Test device for novel sheet-pile wharf and manufacturing method and test method of test device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1238165A2 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
NL1013822C2 (en) | 2001-06-15 |
AU3242101A (en) | 2001-06-18 |
WO2001042571A3 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
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