WO2001040829A1 - Dispositivo para concentracion o colimacion de energia radiante - Google Patents
Dispositivo para concentracion o colimacion de energia radiante Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001040829A1 WO2001040829A1 PCT/ES2000/000459 ES0000459W WO0140829A1 WO 2001040829 A1 WO2001040829 A1 WO 2001040829A1 ES 0000459 W ES0000459 W ES 0000459W WO 0140829 A1 WO0140829 A1 WO 0140829A1
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- rays
- radiant energy
- lens
- collimation
- aspherical
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
- G02B19/0061—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
- F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
- G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
- G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
- G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
- G01J1/0411—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings using focussing or collimating elements, i.e. lenses or mirrors; Aberration correction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/006—Systems in which light light is reflected on a plurality of parallel surfaces, e.g. louvre mirrors, total internal reflection [TIR] lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0038—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light
- G02B19/0042—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light for use with direct solar radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0076—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
- G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Definitions
- This invention consists of an anidolic concentration or collimation device consisting of two aspherical lenses, one of them containing a discontinuous slope structure (that is, toothed), which concentrates the incident radiation on a receiver or collides the radiation emitted by an emitter. , according to the case.
- the design method of this concentrator is based on the anidolic design method of the Multiple Simultaneous Surfaces or SMS (Mi ⁇ ano, González, 1992).
- the coupling in two-dimensional geometry (2D) of two beams of large rays is carried out.
- Real three-dimensional (3D) devices are obtained by symmetry of revolution (axisimetric) or translation (cylindrical) and their operation is analyzed ap ' osteriori.
- beam beams of habitual use are: (tipol) the compound composed of the rays that affect a segment (1) forming an angle lower than a given angle (2) (called beam acceptance angle) with perpendicular to said segment, and (type 2) the one composed of rays that intercept two given segments (3).
- Both types of beams can be defined more generally (type 3) if segments are replaced by sections of arbitrary curves.
- Figure 1 shows, in addition to two type 1 and 2 beams, a type 3 beam composed of rays that intercept a rectangle (4) and a semicircle (5) (this beam is useful for modeling an LED or an IRED) .
- Another beam of rays (type 4) of a more general nature than those of type 1 and 2 (which includes them as a particular case) can be described as the one composed of the rays that affect a segment with an angle of incidence between two specified angles for each point of the segment.
- the design of the present invention is based on the so-called Anidolic Optical Extreme Theorem Theorem (Welford, Winston, 1989), which states that to make the coupling between two beams associated with the emitter and the receiver, it is necessary and sufficient to couple the subsets of extreme rays of both beams.
- the use of this theorem is key to obtaining devices that work very close to the thermodynamic limit with bundles of non-limited angular extensions.
- the extreme rays of the beams of Figure 1 are, for the type 1 beam, those that affect the segment with an angle of incidence equal to the angle of acceptance of the beam and those that pass through the ends of the segment ( 6) and (7); for the type 2 beam, those that pass through one of the ends (8), (9), (10) and (11) of the two given segments; and to
- FIG. 2 A possible configuration of the invented device is that shown in Figure 2, where its basic operating pnncipio as a radiation concentrator on a receiver (14) is also shown.
- the lens (15) L consists of two active faces: the upper refractive surface (16), which we will call S nuisancewhich is in general aspherical, and the mfenor, S 2 , which consists of another aspherical refractive surface (17) in its central region (between points (18) and (19), which we will call P and P ', respectively) and of a discontinuous slope structure (20) in its outer region.
- the lens (50) L 2 surrounds the receiver and consists of the asfé ⁇ ca refractive surface (21), which we will name S 3 .
- Total internal reflection occurs when the angle of incidence of the ray with the normal to the surface is greater than the so-called critical angle of the interface, which is given by arcsen (l / n), where n is the index of refraction of the lens L ,.
- the surfaces S 2 and S 3 are calculated from the specification of the surface profile S, and the input and output beams.
- the definition of the input beam can be done before its refraction in S , with which its definition would be independent of that of said surface.
- it could be a type 1 beam with ⁇ acceptance and with the ends of the segment coincident with the two end points of the surface S ,.
- Another possibility, which may be interesting in practice, is to define the input beam after its refraction in S
- the beam of the input (specified after refraction in S,) is defined by the acceptance (24) of value ⁇ ', and by the edges (25) and (26) of the surface S 2 , which we will call I and I' , which determine the segment that we will call entry opening.
- the output beam is defined by the receiver, which is the segment of ends (27) and (51), which we will name respectively R and R ⁇ and by the illumination angle limited to the acceptance angle (28) of value ⁇ ( usual consideration when the sensitivity of the receiver is low for very low angles, as is common in photodiodes or solar cells).
- the edges O and O 'of the surface S 3 are the symmetrical points (29) and (30). This figure also shows the Cartesian coordinate system (31) that will be used for descnption, whose ongen is centered on the receiver.
- Input parameters of this design are the angles ⁇ and ⁇ , the distance RR ⁇ the refractive index of the dielectric materials to be used (n for the lens L, and n 'for the L 2 ), the ordinate of point I, the abscissa of point O, and the abscissa of point P.
- the ordinate of point O is calculated immediately from its abscissa, the distance RR 'and the angle ⁇ .
- the calculation of the abscissa of point I and the ordinate of point P will be obtained later, as a result of the design.
- the design procedure consists of three phases.
- the design conditions for the teeth of the surface S 2 (which will be different for concentration or collimation) are chosen, assuming they have an infinitesimal size. With these conditions the expressions that constitute the individual design of teeth for the different angles of incidence with respect to the normal average of the tooth are calculated.
- the surfaces S 2 and S 3 that couple the output beam and the input beam are designed simultaneously with the SMS method, taking into account the expressions calculated in the first phase.
- the teeth of the surface S 2 with a finite size are generated (as will be practiced in practice) from the infinitesimal teeth calculated in the previous phase.
- the V-face thus placed has the property of reflecting (by total internal reflection) the beam without its geometry being modified.
- the e (-) ray that affects point (34) after the total internal reflection on the T face and the refraction on the V face becomes the passing i (-) ray by point (40).
- all the points in the segment (38) pass transformed i (-) rays of the e (+) and (-) rays, but only a portion of the segment (38) emerges i (+) rays (hence the irradiance is not uniform in (38), although as much as possible, as required by condition (2)).
- Figure 4.b shows a tooth for the basic tuning design as a collimator.
- the second condition imposed in this case it is the e (+) ray that affects (34) that it must become the ray i (+) that passes through the point (40).
- ⁇ , ⁇ ', ⁇ and ⁇ are respectively the angles (54), (55), (56) and (57) shown in Figure 4, n is the index of refraction of the lens and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in the design of the concentrator and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 'in that of the collimator.
- SHEET D found, once these calculated, by (inverse) application of Snell's law as in step a). The last point of this portion is marked by the ray that, once refracted, passes through R '. e) Find the next section of S 3 with the condition that the rays coming from I refract in that portion towards the point R '. Again, the solution is given by the constancy of the optical path between the two points and constitutes a particular case of Cartesian oval, and the tangent to S 3 at these points is found by (inverse) application of Snell's law. The last point of this section, which will be called H ⁇ , and its tangent t H0 , is the one for which the beam i (-) that comes out of I.
- the profile of the central region of S 2 (between P and P ') is to be calculated (together with the remaining portion of S 3 ), again according to the extreme ray theorem, to direct the e (+ +) rays ) towards R 'and e (-) towards R (Note that this assignment is the opposite of what was done in steps g) and h) for the outer portion of S 2 ). Since the surfaces are continuous, this implies that the optical path from the wavefront associated with the e (+) rays to R 'will be constant, as well as the path associated with the e (-) rays to R. So that the surfaces S 2 and S 3 do not have discontinuities in their respective vertices, the symmetry of the design forces both
- the standard mode differs from the basic mode in the third phase, where the T faces of the finite teeth have a circumference arc profile.
- the design of this standard mode can be done in a similar way to that of the basic one.
- the calculation of the curvature of the T-faces of the infinitesimal teeth is added in the standard mode (for use in the third phase), which constitutes a precision superpendent order to the used in the basic mode.
- Equation (Ec. 2) where subscripts i, r and refer to the incident wave fronts, refracted / reflected and to the surface, respectively, n denotes refractive index, ⁇ ray angle with respect to normal and p radius of curvature.
- step f in which the points G k are calculated based on the F k , it is where the desired p sT values must be calculated.
- the points and those normal to the surfaces are calculated, the angles of incidence and refractive reflection, such as refractive indices, are known parameters in the three incidents.
- step g) new points F j are calculated, initially named H k , which will be used again in step f) when repeated as indicated by h), it is also necessary to calculate the radius of curvature of S 3 at said points . This is done in a similar way to the calculation of p sT indicated above, using the path of the ray with which H k is calculated, which is the ray e (+) incident in G k , and making use of which p sT is already known .
- the difference with the basic modality is that the T faces, instead of being rectilinear, are generated as circumference arcs.
- the procedure for generating the teeth is analogous to that seen for the basic modality, with the only difference that the face T of the finite tooth to which the central point G ⁇ of a finite tooth belongs is the arc of circumference that passes through said point , with the inclination and radius of curvature associated with the infinitesimal tooth, and which extends symmetrically with respect to the point. This concludes the design of the standard mode.
- the advanced design modality is characterized in that the T faces of the teeth have an aspherical profile.
- the calculation of these profiles can be carried out based on the finalized basic design (with finite teeth), following the following steps: a) Draw in reverse the uniparametric beams of rays that start from R and R ⁇ are refracted in S 3 and in the V faces of the finite teeth. b) For each tooth, whose central point is Gauercalculate the aspherical profile of the face T that passes through G ⁇ and whose points Q are such that the beam that falls vertically is reflected according to the bisector of the rays of the uniparametric beams that go through Q calculated in a).
- This problem which can be expressed as a first-order differential equation, has a unique solution when a beam passes through each point Q and only one of each beam.
- Figure 11 shows an example of an advanced design.
- the aspherical profiles (54) of the faces allow them to be designed larger than in the basic and standard modalities, and still maintain excellent performance, even close to the thermodynamic limit.
- the description of the design procedures of the three modalities (basic, standard and advanced) is concluded.
- the design is essentially the same in case the profiles of the faces V are not vertical lines, but have a rectilinear profile inclined, circular or aspherical, which has been preset.
- one aspect that has not been considered in the descriptions of the designs is the fact that the manufacture of teeth with fully vertical V faces may not be practical (in the case of manufacturing the lens by injection of a plastic, the unmolding of the piece is difficult). It is possible to improve this aspect, for example, considering in the design that the faces V are inclined a certain angle (in the range of 0.5 ° to I or it may be sufficient), which means conveniently modifying the expressions (Eq. 1).
- the inclination of the face V means that it is not parallel to a flow line of the incident beam, whereby the reflection on said face will modify (slightly) the geometry of the beam. This means that the angular transmission characteristic will degrade (that is, it will be somewhat less abrupt) with respect to that corresponding to vertical V faces.
- the realization of the profiles of the faces V as circumference arcs or predetermined aspherical curves can be used to further facilitate their manufacture (at the cost of making the mold manufacturing difficult), reducing, for example, the curvature necessary for the T face profiles.
- the device described for concentrating radiation on a receiver can be axisymmetric or cylindrical, and is characterized by transforming the extreme rays of an extensive beam of input rays into extreme rays of another beam of extensive rays of output that illuminates a receiver, both beams being specified in the plane of a cross section (which contains the axis of symmetry in the axisymmetric case or is perpendicular to the direction of symmetry in the cylindrical case), by: (a) a lens L, composed of one side of a refractive surface aspherical, S ,, on which the input beam and on the other side, S 2 , of another aspherical refractive surface in its central region and a discontinuous slope structure in its external region, whose cross section is formed by teeth of two aspherical faces such that one of them, V, is parallel to the flow lines of the beam transmitted by S sparklethe other side, T, reflects the beam by total internal reflection has cia the face V where it is refracted so that no ray intercepts the adjacent tooth and that the
- the device used to collimate the radiation generated by an emitter can be axisymmetric or cylindrical, and is characterized by transforming the extreme rays of an extensive input beam that generates an emitter into extreme rays of another extended beam of output, both beams being specified in the plane of a cross section, by: (a) a lens L 2 that surrounds the emitter composed of an aspherical refractive surface on which the input beam falls; and (b) a second lens L, composed of one side of an aspherical refractive surface, S ,, from which the output beam starts and on the other side, S 2 , of another aspherical refractive surface in its central region and of a discontinuous slope structure in its outer region, whose cross section is formed by teeth of two aspherical faces such that on one of them, V, the beam transmitted by S 3 is refracted so that all rays are reflected by total internal reflection on the other side, T, and that the nearest extreme beam not to be reflected is tangent to the tooth profile
- a variant of the configuration described so far consists in replacing the refractive surface S, with a discontinuous slope structure (44) of Fresnel, as shown for example in Figure 6 for the case of S, flat and horizontal.
- the dielectric material used is reduced, which reduces its weight and absorption.
- Both surfaces, discontinuous and continuous, work analogously.
- the profiles of the remaining optical surfaces are identical in the two designs. The only difference with respect to the trajectories of the rays is that they can now affect the vertical face of the steps, which coincides with the flow lines of the incident beam. This implies, again, that if these faces were mirrors, the reflection of the rays in them would not modify the geometry of the transmitted beam.
- the realization of the surface S, as a pattern of discontinuous slope can also be used for another purpose, as shown in Figure 7.
- the flat surface of Figure 2 has been replaced by a discontinuous slope structure with a sawtooth profile. (45) that deflects the input beam to modify the direction of the flow lines (46).
- the lens is adhered to a dielectric sheet by an adhesive with a refractive index slightly different from that of the lens. This structure refracts the rays of the incident beam so that they progress towards S, with a slight divergent inclination.
- Another possible configuration consists in carrying out the lens by exchanging the surfaces S, and S 2 , so that the teeth are inverted (48), as shown in Figure 9.
- revolution symmetry for manufacturing by molding, it is it is necessary that the mold, or the lens, be flexible, in order to be able to extract the lens from the mold.
- translation symmetry it would not be necessary to be manufactured by extrusion.
- the procedure for designing optical surfaces is common for all indicated configurations.
- optoelectronic such as a photodiode, a phototransistor or a solar cell.
- optoelectronic such as an LED, an ERED or a laser.
- the manufacturing of the concentrator object of this invention can be carried out by turning with a diamond tip tool with numerical control (CNC) on a plastic material, such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
- CNC diamond tip tool with numerical control
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- Another possibility that should be mentioned is the injection of PMMA into a suitable mold, which allows an embodiment that is also the subject of this patent and that shows figure 10: the device can be manufactured with an optically non-active portion (49) that joins two lenses and so that they constitute a single piece that includes an interior space (53).
- the connection can be made by contact before solidification of the last injected piece or by subsequent bonding.
- Being a single piece the intermediate space between the lenses is protected from dust and moisture. This space can be filled, if desired, with an inert gas or made empty.
- the adhesion of the receiver or the emitter to the secondary can be done by casting a transparent epoxy resin.
- the design beam beams include as a particular case the one that produces uniform irradiance in the
- Figure 1 Beams of extensive rays of habitual use. On the left, the type 1 beam, composed of the rays that affect a segment (1) of ends (6) and (7) forming an angle less than the angle of acceptance of the beam (2) with the perpendicular to said segment .
- the type 2 beam composed of rays that intercept two given segments (3).
- the extreme rays of this beam are those that pass through one of the end points of said segments (8, 9, 10 and 11).
- a beam of type 3 composed of rays that intercept a rectangle (4) and a semicircle (5) of ends (12) and (13).
- Figure 2 Basic principle of operation of the invention as a radiation concentrator on a receiver (14). It consists of a lens (50) that surrounds the receiver composed of an aspherical refractive surface (21); and of another lens (15) whose upper side is an aspherical refractive surface (16) and whose lower side consists of another aspherical refractive surface (17) in its central region (between points 18 and 19) and a discontinuous slope design (20) in its outer region, whose faces (22) fundamentally refract rays and faces (23) reflect them by total internal reflection.
- the lens (50) that surrounds the receiver composed of an aspherical refractive surface (21); and of another lens (15) whose upper side is an aspherical refractive surface (16) and whose lower side consists of another aspherical refractive surface (17) in its central region (between points 18 and 19) and a discontinuous slope design (20) in its outer region, whose faces (22) fundamentally refract rays and faces (23) reflect them
- Figure 3 Cartesian coordinate system (31) and initial geometric parameters for the realization of the design chosen to concentrate radiation on a receiver.
- the beam of the input is defined by the acceptance (24) and by the input opening defined by the edges
- the output beam is defined by the segment of ends (27) and (51), which is the receiver, which is illuminated from the surface S 3 , whose ends are (29) and (30), with a limited illumination angle to the acceptance angle (28).
- Figure 4 S 2 surface teeth designed in the first phase for the device acting (a) as a concentrator or (b) as a collimator. Since they have an infinitesimal size (enlarged in the figure), the adjacent teeth are identical and the beams of extreme rays are parallel. It is desired that the incident light through the segment (33), ends (34) and (35), with inclination between the rays (36) and (37), be transmitted optimally through the segment (38 ), of ends (39) and (40), with inclination between that of rays (41) and (42), which form horizontal angles (54) and (55), respectively.
- the geometry of the tooth with respect to its macroscopic tangent vector (32) is defined by angles (56) and (57).
- Figure 5 The lens 1 ⁇ can be made with two different dielectric materials separated by a spherical or aspherical surface (43).
- the surface S can be replaced by a discontinuous slope structure (44) of Fresnel, thereby reducing weight and absorption.
- Figure 7 The realization of S, as a discontinuous slope pattern (45) with a sawtooth profile, minimizes transmission losses when the faces V do not coincide with flow lines (46) of the beam transmitted by the surface S, continuous .
- Figure 8 The central portion of S 2 can be replaced by a discontinuous slope structure (47) of Fresnel.
- Figure 9 Configuration consisting of realizing the lens by exchanging the surfaces S, and S 2 , so that the teeth are inverted (48).
- the device can be manufactured with an optically non-active portion (49) that joins the two lenses and so that they constitute a single piece that includes an interior space (53).
- Figure 11 The device can be designed with aspherical faces (54) in the advanced mode, which allows them to be designed larger and still maintain excellent performance.
- SHEET OF The invention presented has direct application in various fields, such as radiation sensors, LED lighting systems, optical wireless communications or photovoltaic solar energy.
- the proposed invention allows to reach high sensitivities, close to the thermodynamic limit, without compromising the simplicity and compactness of the device.
- this invention provides an optimally collimated beam with a geometry easily compatible with current manufacturing techniques.
- the control of the angular response of the sending and receiving devices and the use of almost all possible emission / reception addresses in the design allows the realization of links whose signal-to-measure ratio is close to the maximum possible .
- the proposed invention would use an optoelectronic sensor as a receiver (eg a photodiode or a phototransistor).
- the invention would employ an optoelectronic emitter (LED, ERED or laser).
- this invention constitutes a suitable device for high concentration solar cells.
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- Lenses (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001542238A JP2003515779A (ja) | 1999-12-02 | 2000-12-01 | 放射状のエネルギーを集中するまたは平行にするための装置 |
AU17088/01A AU1708801A (en) | 1999-12-02 | 2000-12-01 | Device for concentrating or collimating radiant energy |
DE60042756T DE60042756D1 (de) | 1999-12-02 | 2000-12-01 | Designverfahren für eine vorrichtung zur konzentration oder kollimation von strahlungsenergie |
EP00979686A EP1251366B1 (en) | 1999-12-02 | 2000-12-01 | Design procedure for a device for concentrating or collimating radiant energy |
AT00979686T ATE439610T1 (de) | 1999-12-02 | 2000-12-01 | Designverfahren für eine vorrichtung zur konzentration oder kollimation von strahlungsenergie |
US10/148,736 US7160522B2 (en) | 1999-12-02 | 2000-12-01 | Device for concentrating or collimating radiant energy |
US11/643,839 US20080092879A1 (en) | 1999-12-02 | 2006-12-22 | Device for concentrating or collimating radiant energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES009902661A ES2157846B1 (es) | 1999-12-02 | 1999-12-02 | Dispositivo con lente discontinua de reflexion total interna y dioptrico asferico para concentracion o colimacion de energia radiante. |
ESP9902661 | 1999-12-02 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/643,839 Continuation US20080092879A1 (en) | 1999-12-02 | 2006-12-22 | Device for concentrating or collimating radiant energy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001040829A1 true WO2001040829A1 (es) | 2001-06-07 |
Family
ID=8310804
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2000/000459 WO2001040829A1 (es) | 1999-12-02 | 2000-12-01 | Dispositivo para concentracion o colimacion de energia radiante |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7160522B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP1251366B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP2003515779A (es) |
AT (1) | ATE439610T1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU1708801A (es) |
DE (1) | DE60042756D1 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2157846B1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2001040829A1 (es) |
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WO2005041632A2 (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-12 | Phoseon Technology, Inc. | Collection optics for led array with offset hemispherical or faceted surfaces |
EP1678442A2 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2006-07-12 | Phoseon Technology, Inc. | Collection optics for led array with offset hemispherical or faceted surfaces |
EP1678442A4 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2010-01-20 | Phoseon Technology Inc | OPTICAL CAPTURING DEVICES FOR LED BAR WITH HEMISPHERIC OR EXCENTRED FACET SURFACES |
CN102563402A (zh) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-07-11 | 东芝照明技术株式会社 | 照明装置 |
WO2022214445A1 (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2022-10-13 | Signify Holding B.V. | An optical detector |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2157846B1 (es) | 2002-03-01 |
EP1251366A1 (en) | 2002-10-23 |
US7160522B2 (en) | 2007-01-09 |
JP2003515779A (ja) | 2003-05-07 |
AU1708801A (en) | 2001-06-12 |
ATE439610T1 (de) | 2009-08-15 |
US20080092879A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
DE60042756D1 (de) | 2009-09-24 |
ES2157846A1 (es) | 2001-08-16 |
EP1251366B1 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
US20030075167A1 (en) | 2003-04-24 |
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