WO2001030615A1 - Capteur pour la detection de gouttes d'humidite et/ou de particules de salete sur une vitre, et procede pour faire fonctionner un tel capteur - Google Patents

Capteur pour la detection de gouttes d'humidite et/ou de particules de salete sur une vitre, et procede pour faire fonctionner un tel capteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001030615A1
WO2001030615A1 PCT/EP2000/008230 EP0008230W WO0130615A1 WO 2001030615 A1 WO2001030615 A1 WO 2001030615A1 EP 0008230 W EP0008230 W EP 0008230W WO 0130615 A1 WO0130615 A1 WO 0130615A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
received signal
dirt particles
optical beams
rays
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2000/008230
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heiner Bayha
Martin Osterfeld
Original Assignee
Valeo Auto-Electric Wischer Und Motoren Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Auto-Electric Wischer Und Motoren Gmbh filed Critical Valeo Auto-Electric Wischer Und Motoren Gmbh
Publication of WO2001030615A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001030615A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • B60S1/0833—Optical rain sensor
    • B60S1/0837—Optical rain sensor with a particular arrangement of the optical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • B60S1/0874—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means characterized by the position of the sensor on the windshield
    • B60S1/0885—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means characterized by the position of the sensor on the windshield the sensor being integrated in a rear-view mirror module

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sensor for detecting drops of moisture and / or dirt particles on a pane, in particular on a windshield of a motor vehicle.
  • the sensor has at least one transmitting element for emitting optical rays onto the pane and at least one receiving element for receiving at least some of the rays reflected by drops of moisture and / or dirt particles.
  • the receiving element generates a received signal which is dependent on the beams received.
  • the sensor also has evaluation means for evaluating the received signal.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a sensor for detecting drops of moisture and / or dirt particles on a pane, in particular on a windshield of a motor vehicle.
  • At least one transmission element emits optical rays onto the pane.
  • At least one receiving element receives at least a part of the rays reflected by drops of moisture and / or dirt particles. Depending on the beams received, a received signal is generated and evaluated.
  • the sensor of the type mentioned works on an optical measuring principle.
  • the sensor is preferably arranged on the inside of the windshield in the wiping area of windshield wipers. It can detect rain, snow, dust, insects, etc. on the windshield.
  • the light emitted by the or each transmitting element is guided from the inside through the pane to the outside.
  • the or each receiving element observes the light exit surface on the pane. If dirt particles or drops of moisture are deposited on the outside of the pane, these scatter the emitted light and reflect it at least partially onto the or each receiving element.
  • the or each receiving element generates a receiving signal that is dependent on the intensity of the received light.
  • the or each transmission element is designed, for example, as a luminescence diode (LED) and the or each reception element is designed as a photodiode, which generates a photocurrent as a received signal depending on the optical beams received.
  • LED luminescence diode
  • the type of precipitation on the disk can be concluded.
  • the analysis of the received signal is based, among other things, on empirical values. For example, a continuous slow decrease in the amplitude of the received signal from an amplitude maximum over a longer period (several minutes) indicates dirt on the Windshield. Likewise, a continuous, slow increase in the amplitude value of the received signal indicates moisture on the disk.
  • suitable actions can then be triggered to remove the precipitation.
  • the windscreen wipers can be activated to remove moisture drops, and the windscreen washer system can also be activated to remove dirt particles.
  • the received signal is preferably evaluated with a microprocessor. This presupposes that the received signal is in digital form.
  • a microprocessor For this purpose, it is known from the prior art to use an A / D converter. Inexpensive A / D converters, however, have a relatively low resolution and dynamic range, which is too low for use in sensors of the type mentioned at the beginning. However, A / D converters with a higher resolution and dynamic range, which would be sufficient for use in the sensors of the type mentioned at the outset, are quite expensive and would lead to a considerable increase in the cost of the sensors for the detection of moisture drops and / or dirt particles.
  • a / D converters with a relatively high resolution and dynamic range are required so that even small changes in the received signal can be detected.
  • the ambient light which in addition to the light reflected by the moisture drops and / or dirt particles by or or by everyone, has an effect on the received signal Receiving element is received and leads to a relatively large offset of the received signal.
  • the changes in the received signal due to precipitation on the disk are very small in relation to the offset of the received signal. This applies in particular to drops of moisture, since they lead to an even smaller change in the received signal than dirt particles. For this reason, the received signal in the sensor has to be digitized with high dynamics and resolution.
  • the invention proposes, starting from the sensor for the detection of moisture drops and / or dirt particles of the type mentioned at the outset, that the or each transmission element sequentially transmits optical beams with different intensities in time, the evaluation means giving the received signal the intensities of the emitted optical beams assign and take into account when evaluating the received signal.
  • the or each transmission element is included different services operated.
  • optical beams with a high intensity small changes in the received signal due to moisture drops on the pane can be detected particularly well.
  • low-intensity optical rays on the other hand, slow changes in the received signal due to dirt particles on the pane can be detected particularly well.
  • the sensor according to the invention thus enables a particularly reliable detection and differentiation of moisture drops and dirt particles on the pane.
  • the resolution and dynamics of an A / D converter necessary for digitizing the received signal are also significantly reduced, since the useful components in the received signal, i.e. the changes in the received signal due to drops of moisture and / or dirt particles on the pane are significantly increased in relation to the offset of the received signal.
  • the or each transmission element alternately emit optical beams with a high and a low intensity.
  • optical beams with a high intensity and the optical beams with a low intensity do not have to be emitted in each case for the same length. Rather, in the time period for which optical beams with a high or with a low intensity are emitted, the The fact that drops of moisture can settle on a pane relatively quickly is taken into account, whereas dirt particles usually settle slowly on the pane over a longer period of time. It is therefore proposed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention that the or each transmission element emits optical beams with a high intensity at least 90% of the total transmission time. Optical rays with a low intensity are then emitted during the remaining 10% of the transmission time. Practical tests have shown that particularly good detection results can be achieved if optical beams with a high intensity are emitted for approximately 950 ms (95% of the transmission time) and then optical beams with a low intensity for 50 ms.
  • the senor have means for converting the received signal into a pulse width signal and a counter, the pulse width being dependent on the amplitude of the received signal and the counter being started and stopped by the edges of the pulse width signal.
  • the counter can be started, for example, by a rising edge of a pulse of the pulse width signal and can be stopped again by the falling edge of the pulse.
  • the difference between the counter reading after stopping and the counter reading before starting is thus dependent on the amplitude of the received signal.
  • the value of the difference thus corresponds to a digitized one Value of the received signal.
  • Such digitization of the received signal has a particularly high dynamic range and resolution, which far exceeds the dynamic range and resolution of conventional, inexpensive A / D converters.
  • the senor have: a capacitor;
  • the voltage depends on the amplitude of the received signal.
  • the discharge time of the capacitor depends on the voltage with which the capacitor is charged, and thus also on the amplitude of the received signal.
  • the counter counts relatively quickly, so that about one million digitization stages can be achieved with the proposed digitization circuit, whereas, for example, only 256 digitization stages can be achieved with an 8-bit A / D converter.
  • the dynamics and resolution of the proposed digitizing circuit depends on the clock rate of the microprocessor and on how quickly the capacitor can be charged.
  • the senor a comparison element for comparing the voltage of the capacitor during the discharge process with a threshold value in order to determine the end of the discharge process.
  • the threshold is preferably in the range of zero volts.
  • the or each receiving element is arranged at an angle of> 45 ° to the normal to the pane.
  • the or each receiving element is advantageously arranged at an angle of 60 ° to the normal to the disk. Particularly good detection results can be achieved with such a sensor.
  • the senor have two transmission elements.
  • the one transmission element is arranged in such a way that a part of the rays reflected by moisture drops and / or dirt particles strikes the or each receiving element predominantly in a forward scattering manner
  • the other transmission element is arranged in such a way that a part of the radiation reflected by moisture drops and / or dirt particles Beams mainly scatter backwards onto the or each receiving element.
  • the or each transmission element is designed as a luminescence diode (LED) is. It is also proposed that the or each receiving element is designed as a photodiode. When using a photodiode, the received signal is designed as a photocurrent.
  • LED luminescence diode
  • the or each transmission element emit optical beams with different intensities in succession, the intensities of the emitted being emitted optical beams are assigned to the received signal and are taken into account when evaluating the received signal.
  • the or each transmission element alternately emit optical beams with a high and a low intensity.
  • at least 90% of the total transmission time emits optical beams with a high intensity from the or each transmission element.
  • the remaining 10% of the transmission time are then emitted optical beams with a low intensity.
  • the received signal be digitized before the evaluation by the following steps: Converting the received signal into a pulse width signal whose pulse width is dependent on the amplitude of the
  • the received signal be digitized by the following steps before the evaluation:
  • the voltage of the capacitor is advantageously compared to a threshold value during a discharge process in order to determine the end of the discharge process.
  • Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the receiving branch of the
  • a sensor for the detection of drops of moisture and / or dirt particles on a pane is designated in its entirety by reference number 1.
  • the pane is designed as a windshield 2 of a motor vehicle.
  • the sensor 1 is attached to the inside of the windshield 2 in the wiping area of windshield wipers (not shown). It has a transmission element 3 for emitting optical rays 4 onto the windshield 2.
  • the transmission element 3 is designed as a luminescence diode (LED). From the transmitting element 3, the optical rays 4 first cross an air gap 5, strike the inside of the windshield 2, cross it and exit the windshield 2 again on the outside. With its outer edge 6, the sensor 1 is glued to the inside of the windshield 2. Moisture drops 7 and / or dirt particles 8 are located on the outside of the windshield 2.
  • At least part 9 of the optical rays 4 emitted by the transmission element 3 is reflected or scattered by the moisture drops 7 and / or the dirt particles 8. At least some of the rays 9 reflected by the moisture drops 7 and / or the dirt particles 8 strike a receiving element 10 of the sensor 1.
  • the receiving element 10 is designed as a photodiode, which is oriented at an angle of 60 ° to the normal of the windshield 2.
  • the reception element 10 generates a reception signal which is dependent on the quantity and the intensity of the beams 9 received.
  • the reception signal is designed as a photo stream.
  • the time course and the amplitude of the received signal are evaluated in evaluation means (not shown) of the sensor.
  • the sensor 1 can rain, snow, dust, insects and the like. a. Detect on windshield 2 and distinguish them from one another.
  • the windscreen wipers can be activated to remove drops of moisture 7, and the windscreen washer system can also be activated to remove dirt particles 8.
  • the received signal is preferably evaluated using a microprocessor (not shown). This presupposes that the received signal is in digital form.
  • a microprocessor not shown
  • a / D converter it is known from the prior art to use an A / D converter.
  • a / D converters are either so expensive that they cannot be used in a sensor for the detection of moisture drops and / or dirt particles, or they have insufficient dynamics and resolution.
  • the transmitting element 3 is successively with different powers acted upon so that it emits optical beams 4 with different intensities.
  • the evaluation means assign the intensities of the emitted optical beams 4 to the received signal.
  • the changing intensities of the optical beams 4 are taken into account.
  • the transmitting element 3 alternately emits optical beams with a high intensity for a period of approximately 950 ms and then emits optical beams with a low intensity for a period of approximately 50 ms. This takes into account the fact that drops of moisture 7 can deposit relatively quickly on a disk 2, whereas dirt particles 8 generally settle slowly on the disk 2 over a longer period of time.
  • optical rays 4 With the aid of optical rays 4 with a high intensity, small changes in the received signal due to moisture drops 7 on the pane 2 can be detected particularly well. With low-intensity optical beams 4, on the other hand, slow changes in the received signal due to dirt particles 8 on the pane can be detected particularly well.
  • the sensor 1 is used to digitize the
  • Received signal i.e. the changes in the received signal due to precipitation 7, 8 on the disc 2, in
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of the receiving branch of the sensor 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • the received signal 11 generated by the receiving element 10 is first converted into a voltage 14.
  • the voltage 14 is proportional to the amplitude of the received signal 11.
  • a capacitor 12 is charged and then discharged again as part of a discharge process.
  • the discharge of the capacitor 12 takes longer, the higher the voltage for charging the capacitor 12.
  • the end of the discharge process is determined with the aid of a comparator 13 in which the voltage of the capacitor 12 is compared with a threshold value (in the range of 0 V).
  • a signal is pulse width modulated (PWM) on the basis of the output signal of the comparator 13.
  • PWM pulse width modulated
  • An edge of the PWM signal starts a counter at the start of the discharge process (not shown) and a subsequent edge of the PWM signal stops the counter again at the end of the discharge process.
  • the counter reading after the discharge process is therefore proportional to the amplitude of the received signal and represents a digitized value of the received signal.
  • the counter counts relatively quickly, so that about one million digitization stages can be achieved with the proposed digitizing circuit, whereas, for example, with an 8 bit A / D converter only 256 digitization levels can be achieved.
  • the senor 1 can have more than one Sending element 3 and more than one receiving element 10.
  • the sensor 1 can be glued to the windshield 2 over the entire area, so that the optical rays 4 on their way to the window 2 or the optical rays 9 on their way away from the window 2 no need to overcome air gap 5.
  • the senor 1 it is contemplated to equip the sensor 1 with two transmission elements 3.
  • the one transmitting element 3 is preferably arranged such that a part 9 of the rays reflected by the precipitation 7, 8 strikes the or each receiving element 10 predominantly in a forward scattering manner.
  • the other transmitting element 3 is preferably arranged in such a way that a part 9 of the rays reflected by the precipitation 7, 8 strikes the or each receiving element 10 predominantly backwards scattering.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur (1) servant à la détection de gouttes d'humidité (7) et/ou de particules de saleté (8) sur une vitre (2), en particulier sur le pare-brise d'un véhicule automobile. Ledit capteur (1) comporte au moins un élément d'émission (3) destiné à émettre des rayons optiques (4) venant frapper la vitre (2). Il comporte en outre au moins un élément de réception (10) destiné à recevoir au moins une partie des rayons (9) réfléchis par des gouttes d'humidité (7) et/ou des particules de saleté (8) et à générer un signal de réception (11). Ce signal de réception (11) dépend des rayons (9) reçus. Enfin, ledit capteur (1) comporte des moyens d'évaluation qui servent à évaluer le signal de réception (11). L'invention concerne en outre un procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un tel capteur (1). Pour que, d'une part, les coûts de fabrication d'un tel capteur (1) soient réduits et que, d'autre part, une numérisation du signal de réception (11) du capteur (1) avec une résolution et une dynamique suffisamment élevées soit possible, il est proposé que l'élément d'émission (3) ou chaque élément d'émission (3) émette des rayons optiques (4) se succédant dans le temps qui présentent des intensités différentes. Les moyens d'évaluation attribuent au signal de réception (11) les intensités des rayons optiques (4) émis. Lors de l'évaluation du signal de réception (11), ces intensités sont prises en considération.
PCT/EP2000/008230 1999-10-28 2000-08-23 Capteur pour la detection de gouttes d'humidite et/ou de particules de salete sur une vitre, et procede pour faire fonctionner un tel capteur WO2001030615A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19951832.7 1999-10-28
DE1999151832 DE19951832A1 (de) 1999-10-28 1999-10-28 Sensor zur Detektion von Feuchtigkeitstropfen und/oder Schmutzpartikeln auf einer Scheibe und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Sensors

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001030615A1 true WO2001030615A1 (fr) 2001-05-03

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PCT/EP2000/008230 WO2001030615A1 (fr) 1999-10-28 2000-08-23 Capteur pour la detection de gouttes d'humidite et/ou de particules de salete sur une vitre, et procede pour faire fonctionner un tel capteur

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE19951832A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001030615A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002083467A1 (fr) * 2001-04-16 2002-10-24 Valeo Electrical Systems, Inc. Systeme de positionnement de l'eclairage d'un capteur de pluie par imagerie
CN100423261C (zh) * 2003-09-15 2008-10-01 友达光电股份有限公司 发光装置

Families Citing this family (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10126953A1 (de) * 2001-06-01 2002-12-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Regensensors sowie Regensensor zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102005013021A1 (de) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co. Kg Optoelektronische Sensoreinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102005042962A1 (de) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-22 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Sensor zum Erfassen von Schmutz auf transparenten Oberflächen oder Ermittlung von Entfernungen zu festen Körpern
DE102006023180B4 (de) * 2006-05-17 2014-08-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur Ermittlung des Verschmutzungsgrades zumindest eines Glasscheibenabschnitts eines Fahrzeugleuchtenmodul
DE102007027071B4 (de) 2007-06-12 2019-09-12 Bcs Automotive Interface Solutions Gmbh Verfahren und Sensor zur Erfassung von Benetzungsereignissen auf einer Scheibe

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US4874242A (en) * 1985-07-04 1989-10-17 Jaeger Device for detection of extraneous substances through a wall and a system for aiding the driving of automobiles or airplanes
EP0451744A2 (fr) * 1990-04-10 1991-10-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de commande d'un système d'essuie-glaces
US5059877A (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-10-22 Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. Rain responsive windshield wiper control
DE4312590A1 (de) * 1992-04-17 1993-10-28 Peter Prof Dr Gottwald Optoelektronische Einrichtung für Klarsichtscheiben zum Erkennen der Benetzung und Verschmutzungen und zur automatischen Betätigung von Warn- und/oder Reinigungsanlagen

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DE4318358C2 (de) * 1993-05-28 1996-09-05 Visolux Elektronik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen von Streulicht erzeugenden Oberflächenfehlern von optischen Medien, wie Glas oder Kunststoff, insbesondere von Fahrzeugscheiben
DE19603553C1 (de) * 1996-02-01 1997-04-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Scheibenwischers
DE19643465C2 (de) * 1996-10-22 1999-08-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Steuervorrichtung für einen optischen Sensor, insbesondere einen Regensensor

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US4874242A (en) * 1985-07-04 1989-10-17 Jaeger Device for detection of extraneous substances through a wall and a system for aiding the driving of automobiles or airplanes
US5059877A (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-10-22 Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. Rain responsive windshield wiper control
EP0451744A2 (fr) * 1990-04-10 1991-10-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de commande d'un système d'essuie-glaces
DE4312590A1 (de) * 1992-04-17 1993-10-28 Peter Prof Dr Gottwald Optoelektronische Einrichtung für Klarsichtscheiben zum Erkennen der Benetzung und Verschmutzungen und zur automatischen Betätigung von Warn- und/oder Reinigungsanlagen

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002083467A1 (fr) * 2001-04-16 2002-10-24 Valeo Electrical Systems, Inc. Systeme de positionnement de l'eclairage d'un capteur de pluie par imagerie
CN100423261C (zh) * 2003-09-15 2008-10-01 友达光电股份有限公司 发光装置

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