(1) TITLE OF THE INVENTION
SINGLE FACE PACKAGING MATERIAL
(2) CROSS REFERENCED APPLICATIONS O 006374A WO 029314A
(3) BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Corrugated cardboard in single face format is widely used as a packaging material, for instance to form protective containers or wrapping material. However sheet material of this type is limited to a single folding plane by virtue of the one way fluting direction of the corrugated material. Also corrugated material can only he mnnnfactnred with sophisticated machinery with specific 'corrugating' technology, is accordingly expensive and limited to that specific technology. For example, a limiting factor of the known corrugated technology is the method of manufacturing whereby the flutiagaaatterial is steamed and or preheated to allow the formation of the fluting material intα-coπugations. Thereafter requiring excessive drying of the corrugated material.
(4) SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention there is provided lightweight single faced sheet material which has a thickness of 1 to 100mm, preferably 5mm, most preferably between 2mm and 5mm and which comprises a core laminated to one outer ply. The core comprising a multitude of neighboring, multi-sided, open-ended cells typically made of kraft fluting' type material and the outer ply being laminated over one of the open ends of the cell. Typically the outer ply is also of kraft material.
Further according to the invention there is provided a method of manufacturing the sheet packaging material summarised above. The method comprising the steps of manufacturing a
core composed of a multitude of neighbouring, multi-sided, open-ended cells of kraft material and laminating the outer ply over one of the open ends of the cells.
The core may be manufactured by applying spaced apart, parallel g ie strips aσoss each of a plurality of sheets of kraft material. The glue strips on alternate sheets being off-set with respect to the ghie strips on the intermediate sheets, superimposing aligned sheets upon another to form a stack, cutting a narrow edge portion transversely from the stack and thereafter expanding the said edge portion to form the core.
The outer ply is then laminated over one of the open ends of the cells forming the core. Alternatively a plurality of core sheets may be joined end to end and folded fanfold style into a container from which core material is withdrawn continuously and laminated onto sheet of outer ply material which is withdrawn simultaneously from further reels or containers.
(5) PRIOR ART DESCRIPTION
Corrugated packaging rnaterial is commonly known in the art. Conventionally the core of such material is in corrugated form as adhesively laminated onto outer sheet and likewise the object of invention desαjbfyl in Patent WO 0006374 replaces the known art corrugated form or fluted configuration with multi sided fluting material as described herein.
Similarly, single face corrugated packaging material generally used in a product wrapping or content protective environment is of necessity required to be lightweight while, however, pliable for wrapping purposes. The conventional single face corrugated packaging is thus lightweight but has the disadvantage that its ability to fold extends to the direction of the corrugations and thereby cannot be described as 'pliable' material capable of formation around the product.
A further disadvantage of the prior art corrugated material is the specific and high cost technology necessitated by the need for material pre~heating, high maintenance steam plant facilities, and extensive drying technology, amongst others. This Svet end' and then 'dry end' technology continually presents a major cost challenge to the industry. Of significance is the high wastage of global (forestry) natural resources in that this industry's percentage of waste impacts sufficiently to draw major attention to the problem at national governmental level and now at global level.
The technology described in this invention successfully addresses the disadvantages of the prior art technology with processing equipment at a fraction of the known art cost A further disadvantage of known art successfully addressed hereunder is the use of lighter weight per square meter material (known art single face material approx 300gsm compared to approx 200gsm hereunder) a significant saving in terms of reducing consumption of natural resource material by as much as 33%.
Other improvements of this invention over known art are yet to be calculated across this vast industry in terms of decentralization and job creation .
f6ϊ BRTEFDESCRIPTIONOFTHE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described in more detail, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a sheet of single face packaging material according to this invention, with a portion of the outer ply removed to reveal the inner core;
Figure 2 diagrammatically illustrates the manner in which the core is manufactured;
Figure 3 diagrammatically illustrates an apparatus for manufacturing the core;
Figure 4 diagrammatically illustrates an apparatus for manufacturing the packaging material seen in Figure 1.
(7) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OFTHEDRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows a sheet of single face packaging material 10 which typically has an overall thickness 12 of 4mm or less and which consists of an inner core 14 laminated onto an outer ply 16. The core 14 consists of a multitude of neighbouring cells 18 each of which is multi-sided in shape.
The cells of the core 14 are formed by strips of kraft material such as fluting material typically of 112gsm density. The outer ply 16 is also of kraft material, typically fluting or kraft liner of 125g density. Lighter weight sheet material is achieved using lower grammage outer ply material, typically 112g and 105gfrutingas the outerply.
Figure 2 illustrates the principle by which the core 14 is manufactured. In this Figure, the numerals 20 and 20.1 illustrate alternate sheets of kraft material which are seen edge on. Each of the sheets is typically rectangular in shape.
Ghie is applied to one major surface of each sheet 20, 20.1 so as to form a plurality of parallel, spaced apart ghie strips 22, 22.1 extending across the sheet The ghie strips 22 on the alternate
sheets 20 are off -set, by half of the distance by which the glue strips are spaced apart from one another, relative to the ghie strips 22.1 on the intermediate sheets 20.1.
Figure 3 diagrammatically illustrates an apparatus 24 used to apply the g ie strips to the sheets 20, 20.1. The apparatus 24 comprises a frame having side members 26 between which a nip roller 28, a series of ghie application rollers 30 and a transfer roller 32 are rotatable. The roller 32 is carried by a shaft which is driven by a motor 34, the drive being transferred to the shafts carrying the other rollers by meshing sprockets 36, 38 and 40. The roller 32 passes through a tray 42 containing liquid ghie and transfers the ghie to the individual ghie application rollers 30.
The individual sheets 20, 20.1 are fed successively into the nip between the nip roller 28 and the glue application rollers 30, With each alternate sheet being off-set laterally from the intermediate sheets by half the spacing of the glue application rollers. It will be understood that the ghie application rollers accordingly apply the parallel glue strips 22, 22.1 to the sheets in accordance with the format described above.
After passage through the glue application apparatus 24, the sheets 20, 20.1 are aligned and stacked vertically one on top of the other, with the glue on each sheet adhering firmly to the neighbouring sheet. When a sufficiently high stack of sheets 20, 20.1 has been formed, a guillotine is used to trim off a narrow portion from an edge of the stack which is transverse to the glue strips.
The trimmed off edge portion can then be expanded to form a rectangular expanse of core 14. The individual cells of the core have generally a hexagonal shape as illustrated, but it will be appreciated that the actual shape in practice will be determined inter alia by the width of the glue strips, i.e. the width of the glue application rollers 30.
The glue which is used in the process described above is typically a modified polyvinyl acetate resin emulsion, a suitable example being QAR I 73A available from Qualichem (Proprietary) Limited.
After manufacture of the core 14 in the manner described above, it is laminated, using the same glue as described above, onto the outer ply to form a rectangular sheet 10. The rectangular cores may be laminated individually between correspondingly dimensioned outer pry, either with the aid of a suitable laminating apparatus or by hand.
It is also possible to form single face packaging material 10 continuously using an apparatus of the type illustrated dkgramrnaticalry in Figure 4. Here, a great number of individual rectangular expanses of core material are attached to one another end to end by adhesive, typically that described above, to form a long length of core material.
This length is folded fanf old style into a magazine type dispenser 63 or crate supported by a tensioning arm 42. The continuous length of core material, designated 33 in Figure 4, is withdrawn over a serious of rollers 46 continuously to a laminating station 48. Simultaneously, outer ply material is withdrawn continuously from upper or lower drums 50, 50.1 to the laminating station. At the laminating station, the upper or lowerply, designated 52 and 52.1 are brought into contact with, and laminated to, the core material 44. In the lamination step, a ghie such as that described above is applied to either surface of the core or to one of the plies being withdrawn. The ply is thereafter pressed against the core by rollers 54. The continuos sheet material which is produced is then fed
over a conveyor 56 to a cutting and stacking station. In the station 58, the sheet is either cut to length by a guillotine type mechanism 60 or wound up in a continuous roll on a reel material take- up station 61 to an ideal length of 70meters.
It is envisaged that individual cores 14 could be laminated onto appropriately dimensioned outer ply in an automated process. Core and outer ply could, for instance, be stored in respective magazines and withdrawn for individual lamination of each core between either outer ply material 50 or 50.1.
It is submitted that sheets 10 produced by the method described above will be eminently suitable for use in packaging, specifically in multi planar, pliable packaging applications. In one major application, the sheets may be pre treated such coatings, hardeners, printed etc and known art to form material which can subsequently be easily folded to form wrappings or containers to be used for packaging purposes.
Sheets 10 can also be used as support, impact resistant, filler material in packaging and other applications.
It is an advantage of the invention as specifically described, that it provides hghtweight laminated single face sheet material eminently suitable for packaging while other applications are obviously not excluded.