WO2001024561A1 - Procede et appareil d'appel radio dans un systeme d'acces radio cellulaire - Google Patents

Procede et appareil d'appel radio dans un systeme d'acces radio cellulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001024561A1
WO2001024561A1 PCT/IB2000/001121 IB0001121W WO0124561A1 WO 2001024561 A1 WO2001024561 A1 WO 2001024561A1 IB 0001121 W IB0001121 W IB 0001121W WO 0124561 A1 WO0124561 A1 WO 0124561A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mobile station
classmark
information
set forth
paging
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2000/001121
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Heikki Einola
Serge Haumont
Susanna Kallio
Paul Sitch
Original Assignee
Nokia Corporation
Nokia Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Corporation, Nokia Inc. filed Critical Nokia Corporation
Priority to AU61775/00A priority Critical patent/AU6177500A/en
Priority to EP00948216A priority patent/EP1219128A1/fr
Publication of WO2001024561A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001024561A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless communications systems and more particularly, to paging in systems having cells belonging to more than one cellular radio access network in the same location area/radio area/paging area.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • HLR home location register
  • VLR visitor location register
  • the temporary register e.g., the VLR
  • the permanent HLR contains the subscriber data that is copied to the temporary VLR when needed, and also contains the address of the VLR .
  • the temporary VLR contains a copy of the permanent subscriber data and the location of the subscriber in the form of a location area/routing area (LA/RA) which is typically composed of more than one radio cell.
  • LA/RA location area/routing area
  • LA/RA represents the most accurate information stored in the network while the MS is not engaged in a connection but is deemed reachable via paging (i.e., MS is listening to paging channels) .
  • the size of the LA/RA is a compromise between LA/RA update vs. paging signaling load.
  • the larger the LA/RA the fewer location area updates (LAUs) /routing area updates (RAUs)are encountered but the area where paging must be performed to complete the call is larger.
  • LAUs location area updates
  • RAUs routing area updates
  • Figures lc and Id show the scenario when the radio cells (e.g., GSM and Universal Mobile Telephone System (UMTS)) are part of the same location area LA3.
  • LA3 is larger than both LAI and LA2 in that it contains more co-located cells of difference systems, therefore requiring less LAUs, but as mentioned previously, the area where paging is to be performed to complete the call (i.e., LA3) is much larger.
  • HLR permanent register
  • VLR temporary register
  • the LA/RA stored in the temporary register is utilized to page the MS.
  • the paging of the MS is then directed to a subset of cells served by the CN . Referring to Figures lc and Id, the paging of the MS would be directed to LA3 which comprises a GSM and a UMTS cell.
  • the termination of calls in the environment shown in Figures lc and Id is performed by also using the information stored in the registers (i.e., the HLR and VLR) .
  • a determination is made (or has already been made) as to the VLR of the MS, and the LA is derived from the VLR. Once this information is known, the call can be terminated using procedures well known in the art .
  • radio access systems e.g., GSM and UMTS systems
  • LA/RA Location Area/Radio Area
  • Figures lc and Id show this proposed solution using GSM and UMTS systems to optimize the LUs for paging in these systems.
  • One of the reasons for the "co-habitation" of GSM and UMTS cells in the same LA/RA is to reduce location updating when changing radio access systems, which may occur frequently, especially at the beginning of UMTS service.
  • UMTS coverage is expected to extend into hot spots such as, for example, airports where a large number of LA/RA updates would occur when people are leaving or arriving at the airport or even moving inside.
  • This "cohabitation" of cells is specifically designed to support multiple mode terminals -- i.e., mobile stations (terminals) having the capability of operating in more than one radio access system (e.g., both GSM and UMTS systems) .
  • a single mode terminal or MS can only access one or the other of the two systems .
  • a core network e.g. MSC
  • BSS GSM Radio access system
  • UTRAN UMTS radio access system or network
  • a single mode mobile station/terminal when activated (i.e., accesses the system), it starts its LA update (step 12) .
  • paging is performed according to the LA/RA.
  • the LA is stored in the MSC/VLR or serving GPRS support node (SGSN) (step 14). This stored information does not contain any information relating to the band capabilities of the MS.
  • the LA previously stored in the MSC/VLR is accessed (step 18) and a page is issued in all cells contained within the LA regardless of whether the MS is dual mode or not (step 20) . Therefore, when both GSM and UMTS cells are located within the same LA (as shown in Figure la) , there is sub-optimal performance of the entire system resulting in the unnecessary issuance of a paging signal through the system' s cell for which the MS does not belong under any circumstance (i.e., either the GSM or UMTS cell) .
  • the core network e.g., the MSC
  • the core network currently has no mechanism by which it can optimize paging in an environment where cells from two radio access systems belong to the same LA/RA without unnecessarily restricting both systems.
  • An example of such system is shown in Figure lc where GSM cells and UMTS cells are contained within the same LA3.
  • Another example of such configuration would be when more than one GSM 900/1800 cells are located within the same LA.
  • a method for paging a mobile station (MS) in a communication system having cells from more than one radio access system in the same location area (LA) using only those cells from a particular radio access system corresponding to the specific band capabilities (i.e., system capabilities) of the MS is provided.
  • the mobile station transmits information to the core network of the system (e.g., MSC) relating to the system (e.g., band) capabilities of the mobile station during the LA update (LU in the preferred embodiment) .
  • MSC mobile station
  • the capability to operate in other systems could also be achieved by attaching an adapter to the MS, even when powered on.
  • the attachment should trigger the corresponding updating procedure (e.g, CM update) .
  • This embodiment can be a procedure of its own (i.e., updating of Classmark information).
  • the core network utilizes the system capability information of the MS to determine whether the MS is a single mode or multiple mode device capable of operating in more than one mode/band (e.g., dual or triple mode/band) . Once the capabilities of the MS are determined, the core network identifies which radio access system in the LA correspond to the band capabilities of the MS, and when a need for a page arises, issues a paging signal to the MS only through the cells in the determined radio access system for which the MS is adapted to operate.
  • Other contemplated embodiments provide for transmitting the band capability information of the MS to the core network at different points during communication between the MS and CN . For example, during a setup procedure as part of the connection establishment. However, this embodiment does not help in the initial establishment of a paging scheme for the MS. It does provide more efficient paging to the MS subsequent to performing the setup procedure. Also, the information sent by the MS may contain other variable parameters as well that are stored and utilized by the CN.
  • Figures la and lb are block diagrams showing the movement of a MS from one LA to another LA in accordance with the prior art
  • Figures lc and Id are block diagrams showing the movement of a MS with the same LA having cells from two radio access systems;
  • Figure le is a flow chart of a prior art method for paging in an exemplary system having both GSM and UMTS cells in the same LA;
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of the method for paging in the exemplary system having both GSM and UMTS cells in the same LA in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a message sequence diagram of the location updating procedure in accordance with GSM Standard 04.08.
  • Figures 4a and 4b show message sequence diagrams of the location updating procedure for a UMTS system and a GSM system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • information relating to the MS capabilities is transmitted to the CN during location/routing area updating.
  • MSC/VLR is considered part of the CN .
  • the MS capabilities referred to here are the system capabilities which provide the CN with information as to the specific system(s) (e.g., GSM, UMTS, etc) with which the MS is adapted to operate in.
  • the MS accesses the system (i.e., is activated), it performs its location area update (LAU) to the MSC handling the respective LA (step 12) .
  • the MSC stores the location area (LA) into the VLR as described previously, and additionally stores information regarding aspects of the mobile equipment into the VLR (step 22) that describe the properties of the MS while the MS listens to the paging channel.
  • Mobile Station Classmark (CM) information or other mode information stored in the VLR and provides the core network (e.g., MSC) with information concerning the operating characteristics of the MS while listening to the paging channel.
  • the CM can be independent of the frequency band of the channel it is sent on.
  • the CM information includes, inter alia , the system/band capabilities of the MS.
  • this information can be stored in the MSC/VLR when the MS performs its LAU (either initially or when its LA changes from the initially registered LA) .
  • Based on the band capabilities of the MS it is easily determined what system or systems the MS is adapted to operate on (e.g., whether the MS is a dual mode (GSM and UMTS) or single mode terminal (e.g., GSM or UMTS)).
  • the need for a page is determined (step 24) .
  • the need for a page can be brought on, for example, by an incoming call for the MS subscriber.
  • the MSC/VLR retrieves the previously stored LA and CM information from the VLR (step 26), and initially makes a determination as to whether the MS is a dual mode terminal (step 28) -- i.e. an MS capable of operating in both the GSM and UMTS systems.
  • a page is usually issued in all cells contained within the LA (as in the prior art) .
  • the MSC determines which system the single mode MS is set up for (step 32) .
  • the MSC determines that the MS is a single mode GSM terminal, it proceeds to page the MS using only the GSM cells of the LA (step 34), and when the MSC determines, at step 32, that the MS is a single mode UMTS terminal, it proceeds to page the MS using only the UMTS cells of the LA (step 36) .
  • Figure 3 shows a simplified message sequence diagram of the location area update (LAU) performed by a MS in a GSM system.
  • the location update (LU) procedure is always initiated by the mobile station (e.g. when it finds itself in a different LA from the previously registered area) .
  • the MS sends the Location Updating Request (LUR) to the MSC.
  • the MSC may optionally perform security functions such as, for example, authentication of the subscriber to prevent access of unregistered users, radio path ciphering (i.e., ciphering of all subscribed information to prevent third-party tapping) and the allocation of a new Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI) to protect the subscriber identity and to prevent subscriber location disclosure by not sending the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) in clear over the radio.
  • TMSI Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • the MSC then sends a location updating accept message when the LU was ok. Once the LU is complete, the radio channel is released.
  • the LUR sent by the MS can include information relating to the MS such as, for example, its power and band capabilities (i.e., the system bands at which it is designed to operate) .
  • this information can be contained in the Classmark (CM) accompanied with the LUR.
  • Classmark 1, Classmark 2 and Classmark 3 and GPRS type information are known in the art for GSM applications, and can be also utilized (in principle) in the UMTS systems as the aim is to re-use the GSM CN in UMTS.
  • a common new mode Classmark (i.e., common between both GSM and UMTS systems) can be used in the LUR to provide the necessary MS identifying information to the Core Network (i.e., MSC) via the respective BSS or UTRAN.
  • the band capability information will inherently include or will enable the derivation of information relating to whether the MS is a multiple mode or single mode terminal, and by knowing what bands the MS operates in, the MSC (network) can easily identify which systems (e.g., GSM, UMTS) the MS is adapted to operate on.
  • the information on the capability to operate in other systems or bands can be included in these CMs .
  • CM3 For example, in prior art GSM the information on the MS's capability to operate on the other GSM band (i.e. 900 vs. 1800 in Europe) is coded in the CM3.
  • CM3 For UMTS (or also for GSM), a totally new CM can be defined to carry the information on the MS band capabilities to the CN.
  • the LUR is sent by the MS to the network to either request update of its location file (i.e., normal or periodic updating) or to request IMSI attachment.
  • the initial message from the MS to the network includes the LUR.
  • Table 2 provides a detailed look at the content of a LUR message according to GSM standards.
  • CM1 information is part of the LUR in the GSM system.
  • multi-band mobile stations are relatively new and require support in the CM.
  • CMs are two octets in length and therefore may provide sufficient space for the bits necessary to inform the CN as to the band capabilities of the MS.
  • CM1 and CM2 have very rigid and inefficient coding which would result in the CM being very long, even if all bits for the capability information are not in their supported positions.
  • CM3 has more flexible coding than CM1 and CM2 , thus enabling its preferred use for storing and transmitting the band capabilities of a single band or multi-band MS to the CN .
  • the CM3 must be present in order to provide this information to the CN .
  • GSM 04.08 provides for Early Classmark sending, which is generally when the MS sends, as early as possible after access, a "Classmark Change" message to provide the network with the additional Classmark information (e.g., with dual band terminals in GSM: CM3) .
  • Figure 4a shows a message sequence diagram of the preferred embodiment of the transmission of the initial message (e.g. LUR) to the MSC from the MS in a UMTS (and GSM) system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the initial message is sent to the MSC (via the UTRAN or URAN) as would ordinarily be performed, however the initial message contains the CM information relating to the band capabilities of the MS (e.g., CM3 or new CM) in addition to the IMSI.
  • the initial message contains the CM information relating to the band capabilities of the MS (e.g., CM3 or new CM) in addition to the IMSI.
  • the information necessary for identifying the band capability (and other relevant information for paging) relating to the MS can be carried by the CM which can be CM1, CM2 , CM3 or a GSM and UMTS common new CM (i.e., common to both GSM and UMTS systems) .
  • the MSC/VLR of the UMTS/GSM system can then store the band info (in bits) in the MSC/VLR.
  • the CM information relating to this MS and thereby the mode/band capabilities of the MS can be retrieved from the VLR (steps 26 and 28 of Figure 2) .
  • the paging could then be performed in the UMTS cell within the previously registered (updated) LA, thus enabling the GSM cells in the same LA to remain free and capable of being used for other GSM related operations .
  • Figure 4b shows another embodiment when there is a change in the classmark (CM) information or the "CM3 present" relating to the MS.
  • the reason for the classmark change can be the fact that CM3 is there to inform the network about additional capabilities of the MS.
  • the change is transmitted to the BSS from the MS.
  • the change can be to another identified classmark (e.g., CM2 or CM3) , or can be the new common CM.
  • the BSS sends the CM update to the MSC, which again stores the bits relating to the MS's band capabilities and any other relevant information for paging the MS in the VLR.
  • the MSC has access to information relating to the MS's system operating capabilities (via the stored bits in the VLR) , more efficient paging of the MS within the updated LA can be performed.
  • the actual bits containing the information relating to the operating characteristics of the MS can be transmitted to the MSC at several different points via several different mediums.
  • the bits can be incorporated into the LUR message or any other MM message itself without requiring the use of the CM information from the MS to the MSC during connection establishment.
  • the information relating to the band capabilities of the MS can be stored in the HLR and downloaded from there when needed.
  • This embodiment is very rigid as every time the terminal is changed, the HLR must be informed.
  • storing information about the MS that needs to be updated within short intervals in the HLR is not a good idea because the HLR serves to provide substantive data services, etc.
  • BC bearer capability
  • BC generally provides information relating to the connection capabilities of the terminal (e.g., data), so the information relating to the band capabilities could be handled in a similar manner. It is important to note however, that BC is not present in LU.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et appareil pour effectuer un appel radio vers un terminal de station mobile (MS) dans un système qui comporte des cellules provenant de plus d'un système d'accès radio dans la même zone de position (LA). En utilisant des informations de l'indicateur de la classe de service (CM1, CM2, CM3 ou un nouvel indicateur commun de la classe de service) comportant des informations relatives à la capacité de la bande de MS, le centre de commutation mobile (MSC) peut être informé sur les capacités de la MS en matière de bande et, partant, n'effectuer l'appel radio que dans les cellules (p.ex., GSM ou UMTS) dans lesquelles la MS est opérationnelle. Les informations CM peuvent être transmises au MSC lors de la mise à jour initiale de LA suite à l'accès au système (activation de la MS) ou pendant un autre message de gestion de la mobilité (MM).
PCT/IB2000/001121 1999-09-28 2000-08-14 Procede et appareil d'appel radio dans un systeme d'acces radio cellulaire WO2001024561A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU61775/00A AU6177500A (en) 1999-09-28 2000-08-14 Method and apparatus for paging in a cellular radio access system
EP00948216A EP1219128A1 (fr) 1999-09-28 2000-08-14 Procede et appareil d'appel radio dans un systeme d'acces radio cellulaire

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40754799A 1999-09-28 1999-09-28
US09/407,547 1999-09-28

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WO2001024561A1 true WO2001024561A1 (fr) 2001-04-05

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EP (1) EP1219128A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6177500A (fr)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2369002A (en) * 2000-07-15 2002-05-15 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Mobility management in a UMTS network

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997034438A1 (fr) * 1996-03-14 1997-09-18 Ericsson Inc. Gestion de canaux de commande dans un systeme de communications cellulaires
US5946619A (en) * 1996-11-01 1999-08-31 Ericsson Inc System and method for improved paging and location updating of mobile subscribers

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997034438A1 (fr) * 1996-03-14 1997-09-18 Ericsson Inc. Gestion de canaux de commande dans un systeme de communications cellulaires
US5946619A (en) * 1996-11-01 1999-08-31 Ericsson Inc System and method for improved paging and location updating of mobile subscribers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2369002A (en) * 2000-07-15 2002-05-15 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Mobility management in a UMTS network
GB2369002B (en) * 2000-07-15 2004-02-18 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Mobility management in a mobile telecommunications network

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6177500A (en) 2001-04-30
EP1219128A1 (fr) 2002-07-03

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