WO2001002348A1 - Procede de preparation de sels de sulfonate - Google Patents
Procede de preparation de sels de sulfonate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001002348A1 WO2001002348A1 PCT/FR2000/001832 FR0001832W WO0102348A1 WO 2001002348 A1 WO2001002348 A1 WO 2001002348A1 FR 0001832 W FR0001832 W FR 0001832W WO 0102348 A1 WO0102348 A1 WO 0102348A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- alkaline
- alcohol
- sulfonyl chloride
- onium
- salt
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/02—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof
- C07C303/22—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof from sulfonic acids, by reactions not involving the formation of sulfo or halosulfonyl groups; from sulfonic halides by reactions not involving the formation of halosulfonyl groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process useful for preparing sulfonate salts via alkaline hydrolysis of the corresponding sulfonyl chlorides.
- the conventional method for obtaining a sulfonate salt from a sulfonyl chloride consists in carrying out the hydrolysis of sulfonyl chloride using inexpensive bases such as carbonates or also alkali or alkaline earth hydroxides, sodium hydroxide type.
- bases such as carbonates or also alkali or alkaline earth hydroxides, sodium hydroxide type.
- alkaline hydrolysis of sulfonyl chloride in this type of base in the literature: among these rare examples, RN Haszeldine (J. Chem. Soc, 2901 (1955)) which describes quantitative alkaline hydrolysis of the trifluoromethane sulfonyl chloride with 15% sodium hydroxide, that is to say with a relatively low concentration sodium hydroxide solution.
- the problem encountered during the alkaline hydrolysis of a sulfonyl chloride is as follows: the hydrolysis reaction of sulfonyl chloride is a reaction which, on the one hand, intrinsically has a significant exothermic character and which, on the other hand, is characterized by a high inertia due to the fact that the reactants are present in two distinct phases, which accentuates the exotherm of the reaction.
- This inertia does not give rise to any complication during the hydrolysis of small quantities and / or with poorly concentrated alkaline solutions such as those described in the literature; on the other hand, it raises real safety problems as soon as one attempts to carry out the reaction with higher concentrations of base and / or on industrial quantities: in fact, the inertia of the reaction then leads to a accumulation of sulphonyl chloride during the reaction which can represent up to 20% of the quantity of sulphonyl chloride introduced and which, combined with the strong intrinsic exothermia of the hydrolysis reaction, can lead to runaway of the reaction.
- the object of the present invention is precisely to propose a method of preparing sulfonate salts which is both inexpensive, rapid and reliable, by carrying out the alkaline hydrolysis of a sulfonyl chloride by a concentrated basic solution, but avoiding the problem of accumulation of sulfonyl chloride due to the inertia of the reaction.
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing a sulfonate salt, alkaline or alkaline-earth, corresponding to the anion of general formula (I):
- a halogen preferably a light halogen (that is to say the atomic number of which is at most equal to that of chlorine), and more preferably fluorine;
- an arylalkyl group optionally substituted by one or more halogen atom (s), the aryl group possibly comprising one or more hetero atoms;
- R when it represents a group as defined in (c), (d), (e) and (f), which can be substituted by a heavy sulfonyl halide group,
- said sulfonate salt being obtained from a sulfonyl chloride of general formula (II) R-CF 2 -SO 2 CI where R is as defined above,
- said process comprising at least one step of alkaline hydrolysis of sulfonyl chloride (II) in the presence of at least one compound acting as a phase transfer agent.
- the group R present in the sulfonyl chlorides used in the process of the invention is an electron-withdrawing group, that is to say a radical whose ⁇ p is generally greater than 0, of preferably greater than 0.1, and advantageously at least equal to 0.5.
- R is a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl radical R f , optionally substituted by a heavy sulphonyl halide group.
- a heavy sulfonyl halide group covers a group carrying a sulfonyl halide function or the halogen and the chlorine or the bromine, preferably chlorine, and whose carbon atom adjoins the atom of sulfur is perhalogenated by halogens whose atomic number is at most equal to that of chlorine, and preference is perfluorinated.
- This group can have from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the claimed process is particularly advantageous for preparing alkali or alkaline earth salts of sulfonate, which have at least one, or even two, sulfonyl group (s), the carbon atom (s) adjoining the sulfur atom (s) being perfluorinated.
- bisulfonate compounds can in particular be useful for preparing polymeric or even cyclic compounds when the number of links separating the two sulfonate functions is 2, 3 or 4.
- the links which separate the two sulfonate functions are advantageously CF 2 links.
- the carbon chains present within the sulfonyl chlorides used in the process of the invention are preferably saturated chains, in particular so as to avoid nuisance polymerization phenomena.
- the sulfonyl chlorides used in the process of the invention generally comprise a number of total carbon atoms advantageously less than 30.
- phase transfer agent denotes a compound capable of compensating for the inertia of the hydrolysis reaction and of avoiding the problem of the accumulation of sulfonyl chloride due to the fact that the reactants are in two distinct phases.
- phase transfer agent can be either of the encryption type, such as crown ethers, or of the onium type, or even an alcohol.
- the role of phase transfer agent is played by a phase transfer agent of the onium cation type.
- Oniums are compounds whose name in the nomenclature includes as an affix, generally as a suffix, the sequence of letters "onium". These are metalloid compounds, in particular from the nitrogen column, and from the sulfur column, which are sufficiently substituted to carry a positive charge. Thus, the atoms in the nitrogen column, when they are substituted four times with a hydrocarbon radical, constitute oniums. Thus, quaternary ammoniums or quaternary phosphoniums can be used as the phase transfer agent.
- Sulfoniums (tertiary, in their case) also constitute phase transfer agents, but the latter are less interesting because they are relatively more fragile than the others.
- phase transfer agent The oniums used as phase transfer agent are known to those skilled in the art.
- the preferred phase transfer agents are tetraalkylammonium comprising saturated, unsaturated or aromatic hydrocarbon chains, comprising in total from 4 to 28 carbon atoms, preferably from 4 to 16 carbon atoms.
- the most commonly used onium is tetramethylammonium, although it is relatively unstable from about 150 ° C .; mention may also be made of benzyltrimethylammonium.
- the onium cation is used in an amount representing from 1 to 20 mol% relative to the total number of sulfonyl chloride function (s) present on the compound of formula II, more preferably from 1 to 5 % in moles.
- an alcohol in particular linear or branched, aliphatic or aromatic, and containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably more than 2 carbon atoms, the alcohol used most preferably being chosen from isopropanol, ethanol, benzyl alcohol, isobutanol, n-propanol and sec-butanol.
- any alcohol is suitable as a phase transfer agent according to the present invention, insofar as it is not liable to lend itself to side reactions, in particular to the formation of an ether in an amount sufficient to bring about causes the reliability of the process.
- a primary or secondary alcohol can be used in the basic hydrolysis process of the invention.
- the sulfonyl chloride used is, in general, better oxidizing than electrophilic, which should lead to the oxidation of the alcohol used, and this particularly in the context of the implementation of perfluorinated sulfonyl chlorides whose oxidizing character is very pronounced.
- isopropanol is known to be a good reducing agent.
- the alcohol used is preferably used at a rate of 0.05 to 1 molar equivalent relative to the number of sulfonyl chloride function (s) present on the compound of formula II, more preferably at a rate of 0.1 to 0.2 molar equivalent.
- Said alcohol used as phase transfer agent may possibly be partially present in the state of alcoholate ion in the basic hydrolysis medium.
- alkaline hydrolysis is meant, for the purposes of the present invention, a hydrolysis using a basic solution of an alkali or alkaline earth hydroxide or a solution of carbonate salts.
- the alkali or alkaline earth hydroxide solutions which are very particularly suitable for the present invention, are solutions of a metal hydroxide of general formula III:
- M represents an alkali or alkaline earth metal, and preferably an alkali metal
- n represents an integer: • equal to 1 in the case where M is an alkali metal
- M is an alkaline earth metal
- a hydroxyl type solvent the preferred solvent being water, a preferred alkali hydroxide solution being an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
- the carbonate salt solutions according to the present invention are solutions of a metallic carbonate of general formula (IV):
- M represents an alkali or alkaline earth metal, preferably an alkali metal or magnesium, and advantageously sodium;
- n an integer
- alcohol acts, like the onium salt, as a phase transfer agent between the alkaline solution and sulfonyl chloride, even if the nature of this transfer phase remains to be defined precisely.
- measurements of reaction heat released during alkaline hydrolysis carried out in the presence of an alcohol clearly show a marked reduction in the accumulation of sulfonyl chloride during the reaction compared to measurements carried out in the absence of phase transfer agent: the presence of alcohol induces a marked reduction in the delay observed in the release of the heat of reaction , i.e. a substantial increase in the rate of the alkaline hydrolysis reaction.
- the preferred operating method according to the invention comprises a step of gradual addition of sulfonyl chloride at atmospheric pressure in a mixture comprising at least: • said alkali hydroxide or carbonate solution, and
- phase transfer agent consisting of an encrypting type compound, an onium salt type compound or an alcohol.
- the alkaline solutions are aqueous solutions and are used at concentrations greater than 20% by mass, which makes it possible to eliminate the stages of water distillation.
- this concentration which must not be too high to avoid too high a viscosity, is more preferably between 20 and 30% by mass.
- the base is generally used in an amount close to the stoichiometry of the reaction, that is to say in an amount of the order of two molar equivalents relative to the number of sulfonyl chloride function (s) present on the compound of formula II, advantageously at a rate of 1.8 to 2.5 molar equivalents, and preferably in an amount equal to 2 molar equivalents, relative to the number of sulfonyl chloride function (s) present.
- the presence of the phase transfer agent makes it possible to reduce the duration about 50% hydrolysis reaction, which on the one hand improves the efficiency of the process, but also makes it possible to work under increased safety conditions, avoiding the problems linked to the accumulation of chloride sulfonyl.
- the hydrolysis can be carried out by cooling the reaction medium, using, for example, an ice bath. It is generally preferred that the temperature of the reaction medium is maintained between -10 ° C and 50 ° C during the alkaline hydrolysis. Advantageously, it is preferred that this temperature does not exceed 30 ° C.
- this temperature remains below 20 ° C., in particular due to the low boiling point (29 ° C) of this compound.
- this temperature remains below 20 ° C., in particular due to the low boiling point (29 ° C) of this compound.
- the specific presence of the phase transfer agent makes it possible to carry out the process of the invention on an industrial scale without the risk of overheating or of runaway reaction.
- the amounts of sulfonyl chloride used in the process of the invention can, in the general case, reach amounts greater than 1000 moles, or even greater than 5000 moles.
- the alkaline hydrolysis process makes it possible to obtain said sulfonate salt in solution, preferably in aqueous solution, for example for direct in situ use of said salt as a reaction intermediate, in particular for the synthesis of the corresponding sulfonic acid, these operations falling within the competence of those skilled in the art.
- the process for preparing the sulfonate salt makes it possible to obtain the salt in solid form, in particular by selective precipitation and / or by dry concentration, for example for a possibly subsequent use of said salt as an intermediate reaction, in particular for the synthesis of the corresponding sulfonic acid, in a manner also known per se.
- Example I presents three types of accumulation profile observed in the case of the alkaline hydrolysis of CF 3 SO 2 CI by solutions (A), (B) and (C) characterized by the following compositions (the percentages indicated correspond to mass percentages): • (A): 30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution
- the accumulation expressed in KJ / mole is calculated according to the quantity of heat released after a time t by the hydrolysis reaction: it corresponds to the difference between the quality of heat given off expected and the quality of heat actually cleared.
- aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions at 30% and 20% by mass respectively shows the influence of the hydroxide concentration on the accumulation: in fact, the accumulations observed with a solution at 30% by mass are more than 200 KJ / mole from the start of the experiment and throughout the first time of hydrolysis, which raises important safety problems, especially when working on industrial quantities, whereas with a 20% solution, the accumulation is divided by a factor of 10 from the start, and even by accumulating the delay due to the inertia of the reaction, the accumulation finally reaches only maximum values of the order of 150 KJ / month, and this for a period of approximately 40 minutes.
- the following two examples show two methods for preparing sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (more commonly known as sodium triflate) by alkaline hydrolysis, using an alcohol as phase transfer agent, according to the present invention.
- the homogeneous medium obtained is concentrated at 70 ° C under 100 mbar until a weight of 162 g is obtained.
- the precipitate formed is filtered at 20 ° C.
- the filtrate obtained is then concentrated to dryness and 57 g of a white solid are obtained, consisting of 43.3 g of sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (sodium triflate), 5.2 g of sodium chloride and residual water.
- This last example relates to a process for preparing sodium triflate by alkaline hydrolysis according to the present invention, and using an onium type cation as phase transfer agent.
- the medium is filtered at 20 ° C.
- the aqueous phase is composed of 46.1 g of sodium triflate
- the overall reaction time is sufficiently short (3 h 30 min) and that, even if the addition is only carried out in 1 h 30 min, the reaction is carried out at room temperature without setting security issue.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/019,051 US6479698B1 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2000-06-29 | Method for preparing sulphonate salts |
CA002376481A CA2376481A1 (fr) | 1999-06-30 | 2000-06-29 | Procede de preparation de sels de sulfonate |
JP2001507790A JP2003503475A (ja) | 1999-06-30 | 2000-06-29 | スルホン酸塩の製造法 |
EP00949581A EP1189878A1 (fr) | 1999-06-30 | 2000-06-29 | Procede de preparation de sels de sulfonate |
AU62893/00A AU6289300A (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2000-06-29 | Method for preparing sulphonate salts |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR99/08403 | 1999-06-30 | ||
FR9908403A FR2795723B1 (fr) | 1999-06-30 | 1999-06-30 | Procede de preparation de sels de sulfonate via l'hydrolyse alcaline des chlorures de sulfonyle correspondants |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001002348A1 true WO2001002348A1 (fr) | 2001-01-11 |
Family
ID=9547517
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2000/001832 WO2001002348A1 (fr) | 1999-06-30 | 2000-06-29 | Procede de preparation de sels de sulfonate |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6479698B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1189878A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2003503475A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU6289300A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2376481A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2795723B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001002348A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7542087B2 (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2009-06-02 | Stmicroelectronics Limited | Orientation sensor and associated methods |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10353934A1 (de) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-06-23 | Sasol Germany Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallsalzen der Trifluormethansulfonsäure und deren Verwendung als Veresterungskatalysatoren |
US7759512B2 (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2010-07-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Aqueous methods for making fluorinated sulfonate esters |
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1999
- 1999-06-30 FR FR9908403A patent/FR2795723B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-06-29 AU AU62893/00A patent/AU6289300A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-29 CA CA002376481A patent/CA2376481A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-29 EP EP00949581A patent/EP1189878A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-29 JP JP2001507790A patent/JP2003503475A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-29 WO PCT/FR2000/001832 patent/WO2001002348A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-29 US US10/019,051 patent/US6479698B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
A.E. FEIRING, ET AL.: "Synthesis of partially fluorinated monomers and polymers for ion-exchange resins", JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY, vol. 93, no. 2, 4 February 1999 (1999-02-04), Elsevier Sequoia, Lausanne, CH, pages 93 - 101, XP004156219, ISSN: 0022-1139 * |
R.N. HAZELDINE, ET AL.: "Perfluoroalkyl derivatives of sulphur. Part II. Trifluoromethanesulphonic, -sulphinic, and -sulphenic acid and the infrared spectra of compounds containing -SO2- and >S:O groups", JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 1955, Royal Society of Chemistry, Letchworth, GB, pages 2901 - 2910, XP002132128 * |
W. CEN, ET AL.: "1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoro-2- (polyfluoroalkoxy)ethanesulphonic acids, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-2-(perfluoroalkoxy)- ethanesulphonic acids, and 2,2'-oxybis- (1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethanesulphonic acid)", INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, vol. 27, no. 8, 20 April 1988 (1988-04-20), American Chemical Society, Washinton, DC, US, pages 1376 - 1377, XP000884712, ISSN: 0020-1669 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7542087B2 (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2009-06-02 | Stmicroelectronics Limited | Orientation sensor and associated methods |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2795723B1 (fr) | 2002-05-24 |
EP1189878A1 (fr) | 2002-03-27 |
US6479698B1 (en) | 2002-11-12 |
CA2376481A1 (fr) | 2001-01-11 |
AU6289300A (en) | 2001-01-22 |
JP2003503475A (ja) | 2003-01-28 |
FR2795723A1 (fr) | 2001-01-05 |
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