WO2000067357A1 - Dispositif de repartition d'energie electrique entre une pluralite de modules electroniques avec possibilite de delestage - Google Patents
Dispositif de repartition d'energie electrique entre une pluralite de modules electroniques avec possibilite de delestage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000067357A1 WO2000067357A1 PCT/FR2000/001163 FR0001163W WO0067357A1 WO 2000067357 A1 WO2000067357 A1 WO 2000067357A1 FR 0001163 W FR0001163 W FR 0001163W WO 0067357 A1 WO0067357 A1 WO 0067357A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- load shedding
- electronic
- distribution network
- conductors
- relay
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J4/00—Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks not specified as ac or dc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/44—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for aircrafts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the secure electrical supply of several electronic modules that can be assembled in the same rack and having several levels of criticality.
- Electronic equipment mounted on board an aircraft is usually grouped in racks and supplied, via one or more electrical energy distribution networks, by means of alternators driven by the propulsion engines of the aircraft and rescued by electrochemical storage batteries.
- the electrical power available on the electrical energy distribution networks of an aircraft depends on the generator used and requires management of the electrical power consumed according to the availability at the time. Certain events, such as a loss of engine power, starting of the propulsion engine (s) from electrochemical accumulator batteries or even a partial failure in the distribution networks, lead to a reduction in the available electrical power such as it is no longer possible to meet the energy needs of all the connected electronic equipment.
- the electronic equipment of an aircraft is classified according to several criticality levels, usually three, critical, essential and normal, and connected to the electrical energy distribution networks by means of switches controlled by a device load shedding management which reach more or less severe load shedding orders depending on the instantaneous electrical power available.
- the electrical energy distribution device of an electronic bay for aircraft therefore usually contains electrical distribution wiring connecting the electronic modules of the bay to one or more electrical energy distribution networks with outputs equipped with switches under the control of a load shedding management device.
- an electrical energy distribution device for an on-board electronic rack must be able to adapt at low cost, to the great diversity of the levels of equipment that can be encountered on an aircraft, and to the changes due to the evolution of this equipment as a result of incessant advances in technology.
- the trend is to use electronic modules with standardized dimensions and connectors, specialized by functions, some of which are part of the equipment.
- the object of the present invention is a device for distributing electrical energy between a plurality of electronic modules with the possibility of load shedding, guaranteeing a very high level of security despite the presence of a load shedding system. It also aims at a device for distributing electrical energy between a plurality of electronic modules, with the possibility of load shedding, tolerating a change of the electronic modules supplied, their number and their criticality class while meeting a level of security. very high.
- It relates to a device for distributing electrical energy between a plurality of electronic modules arranged in an electronic rack, with the possibility of several load shedding levels, comprising an electrical supply line connected on the one hand to at least one network of distribution of electrical energy and on the other hand to the various electronic modules by means of relay-switches and load-shedding management means generating the opening and closing orders of the relay-switches as a function of load-shedding control signals applied to the electrical energy distribution device and corresponding to the desired load shedding level.
- This electrical energy distribution device is remarkable in that the load shedding management means include:
- a load shedding distribution network with several parallel electrical conductors, in a number equal to that of the desired load shedding levels, each connected to a load shedding control input corresponding to a particular load shedding level,
- diode switches carrying out a logic function of type "or", in a number equal to that of the relay-switches, each having an output connected to the control input of a relay-switch and of inputs in number equal to that load shedding levels, and - a terminal block inserted between the inputs of the diode switches and the parallel conductors of the load shedding distribution network, making it possible to establish, using straps, connections between the inputs of each diode switch and the electrical conductors of the load shedding order distributor network as a function of the criticality levels assigned to the electronic module (s) supplied by the relay-switch, the control input of which is controlled by the diode switch considered.
- the electrical energy distribution device further comprises electronic amplification circuits which are inserted at the input in front of each of the conductors of the load shedding distribution network and which operate in the blocked or saturated state so as to whether or not to circulate a current in the diodes of the switches connected to their outputs via the conductors of the load shedding distributor network and the wired straps of the terminal block, and thus to control the open or closed states of the relay-switches arranged on the power supply lines of the electronic modules.
- the electronic amplification circuits inserted at the input in front of the conductors of the load shedding order distribution network are equipped with a relay with contact inserted on their output making it possible to subject the execution of a load shedding order to a condition additional such as the observation of a low electric voltage on the electric power distribution network (s) entering the bay.
- the electronic amplification circuits inserted at the input, in front of the conductors of the load shedding order distribution network are equipped with a contact relay connecting their output to ground or to the potential of a bias source so as to force the generation of a load shedding order in the presence of an additional condition such as the observation of an excessive electric current consumed by the bay.
- the electronic amplification circuits inserted at the input in front of each of the conductors of the distribution of load shedding orders comprise at least one transistor amplifier stage.
- the electronic amplification circuits inserted at the input, in front of each of the conductors of the load shedding order distribution network comprise two transistor amplifier stages.
- the electronic amplification circuits inserted at the input, in front of each of the conductors of the load shedding order distribution network comprise at least one transistor amplifier stage mounted as a common emitter.
- the electronic amplification circuits inserted at the input, in front of each of the conductors of the load shedding order distribution network have their inputs recalled at rest by a circuit resistive to a bias voltage prompting them to a blocked or saturated state corresponding to no load shedding order.
- the electronic amplification circuits inserted at the input, in front of each of the conductors of the load shedding order distribution network comprise at the input a relay with contact open at rest, controlled to close by a load shedding order, imposing on their inputs a bias voltage causing them to exit their state of rest.
- the device for distributing electrical energy between a plurality of electronic modules arranged in an electronic bay is produced in the form of a so-called "power supply” module which plugs into the electronic bay in the same way as the others electronic modules and which has on its front edge, accessible from outside the bay, a plug-in submodule onto which some or all of the terminal block straps are offset.
- the electrical energy distribution device is provided with an automaton analyzing the consistency between the load shedding levels assigned to the electronic modules as they result from the configuration adopted for the cabled straps of the terminal block and the levels of criticality of electronic modules as they appear from the information provided by the means of identification of the latter.
- the coherence analysis automaton controls a coherence indicator light.
- the coherence indicator light is placed on the front edge of the power module, visible from outside the Bay.
- the indicator consistency indicator is mounted on the front of the plug-in submodule.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating, by its main functions, a device for distributing electrical energy between several electronic modules, with load shedding, inserted between an electrical energy distribution network and electronic modules to be supplied
- FIG. 2 is an electrical diagram illustrating the composition of an example of a device for distributing electrical energy between several electronic modules, with the possibility of load shedding, in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 3 is an electrical diagram detailing the structure of a type of amplifier used in the electrical energy distribution device illustrated in FIG. 2,
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment, in the form of a plug-in power module, of an electrical energy distribution device according to the invention, seen in perspective, from its rear edge equipped with half-connectors intended to be plugged in in half connectors of complementary shape equipping the backplane of an bay of electronic equipment and
- FIG. 5 is a view in perspective ⁇ from its front edge, the power module shown in Figure 4.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an electrical assembly allowing the supply of electrical energy to an electronic rack and authorizing load shedding.
- the electronic bay 1 contains a plurality of electronic modules 10 with individual power cables 1 1, and an electrical energy distribution device 1 2 interposed between the individual power cables 1 1 of the electronic modules 10 and one or more electrical energy distribution networks 14.
- the electrical energy distribution device 12 mainly contains: a star electrical wiring 13 with a connection node uniting outgoing branches individually connected to the power cables 11 of the electronic modules 10 and an incoming branch, with an input, possibly subdivided, connected to one or more electrical energy distribution networks 1,
- a load shedding management system 1 6 controlling the relay-switches 11, 12, ..., In, according to orders D1, D2, .., which correspond to different possible load shedding levels and which are applied to a load shedding control input 1 7 of the electrical energy distribution device 1 2.
- the network selection and formatting system 15 can take multiple forms depending on the actual configuration, single or multiple, of the network providing energy and its electrical properties, because this system is known to those skilled in the art and is not part of the invention. It is enough to keep in mind that such a network selection and formatting system is very often present in an electrical energy distribution device equipping a rack of electronic equipment and that it is then located on the branch of the star electrical wiring of the electrical energy distribution device, leading to the input or inputs assigned to the single or multiple electrical energy distribution network.
- Figure 2 shows the architecture adopted to give a device for distributing electrical energy inside an bay of electronic equipment, at the same time, a high degree of security in the management of load shedding and a great ability adaptation to the diversity of possible compositions in electronic modules of a bay at the time of its initial configuration and to the changes that can be made to this initial configuration during the period of use of the bay, as well as concerns the number that the nature or the load shedding levels of the electronic modules it contains.
- the electrical energy distribution device 12 represented in this FIG. 2 is intended to authorize three levels of load shedding. It is interposed between a set of electronic modules Ml, M2, .., Mn and an electrical energy distribution network 20. It contains, as indicated previously in relation to FIG. 1, a star electrical wiring 13 with branches of feeders each connected to an individual power supply cable 1 1 of an electronic module M1, M2, .., Mn by means of a relay switch 11, I2, .., ln, enabling load shedding operations, and with an incoming branch connected to the electrical energy distribution network 20 with the possible interposition of a network selection and shaping system not shown.
- relay-switches 11, I2, ..., ln are connected to a cable network distributing load shedding orders 21 via a set of diode switches S1, S2, ..., Sn and a terminal block 22 making it possible to define, by straps, wired as required, the electronic modules de-energized in each of the load shedding levels.
- the load shedding order distribution network 21 is formed by three parallel electrical conductors 210, 21 1, 212 each assigned to the propagation of one of the three possible load shedding orders D1, D2, D3 corresponding to the three load shedding levels provided.
- the diode switches S1, S2, ..., Sn carry out a logic function of type "or". They are equal in number to that of the relay-switches 11, 12, ..., In, each having a single output connected to the control input of a relay-switch 11, 12, ..., In and inputs equal in number to that of the load shedding levels, connectable via the straps of the terminal block 22 to the parallel electrical conductors 210, 21 1, 212 of the load shedding distribution network 21.
- the terminal block 22 interposed between the inputs of the diode switches S1, S2, ..., Sn and the parallel conductors 210, 21 1, 212 of the load shedding distribution network 21, has sets of straps 220 enabling configuration, on request, the connections between the inputs of each diode switch and the electrical conductors 210, 21 1, 212 of the load shedding distribution network 21. Thanks to these sets of straps 220, it is possible to ensure that the control of each relay-switch 11, 12, ..., In is connected to the electrical conductors 210, 21 1, 212 of the order distribution network of load shedding 21 corresponding to the load shedding levels assigned to the powered electronic module, Ml, M2, ..., Mn and only to these conductors.
- the electrical conductor 210 of the load shedding order distributor 21, which is assigned to a first load shedding level is connected to the control inputs of relay-switches 11 and In while the electrical conductor 21 1 of the load shedding order distributor 21, which is assigned to a second load shedding level, is connected to the control inputs of the relay switches 12 and In, and that the electrical conductor 212 of the load shedding order distributor 21, which is assigned to a third load shedding level, is not connected.
- load shedding classes there are three load shedding classes provided, each one being called by a specific load shedding order D1, D2, D3 generated by monitoring equipment external to the rack.
- These load shedding orders are each found on the electrical conductor 210, 21 1 or 212 which is reserved for it from the load shedding distribution network 21. They can be found there as is if the signals which carry them have sufficient power . This is rarely the case.
- FIG. 3 gives an example of a diagram retained for an amplifier circuit A1, A2 or A3 of load shedding order.
- Each amplifier circuit comprises two successive amplifier stages consisting of an NPN transistor 30, 31 mounted as a common emitter.
- the input of the first stage is recalled at rest at the bias voltage + V via a resistor 32 and forced to ground via the contact of a relay 33 closed by a load shedding order.
- the general output 34 of the amplifier circuit is connected to the output of the second amplifier stage via the contact of a first relay 35 closed at rest and to ground via the contact of a second relay 36 open at rest .
- the operation of the load shedding management circuit is as follows.
- the relay-switches 11, 12, ..., In are closed in the rest state corresponding to an absence of excitation of their control input left at floating potential and open when their control input is switched on. the mass.
- the diode switches S1, S2, ..., Sn make it possible to subdivide the control input of each relay-switch 11, 12, ..., In into as many control sub-inputs as there are levels load shedding, here three, independent of each other.
- the straps 220 of the terminal block 22 allow, depending on their presence or absence, to connect each electrical conductor 210, 21 1, 212 the load shedding order distributor 21, at the control inputs of all or part of the relay-switches 11, I2, ..., ln by means of the control sub-inputs provided by the diode switches S1, S2, ..., Sn.
- the earthing of an electrical conductor 210, 21 1, 212 of the load shedding order distributor causes that of the control inputs of relay-switches 11, 12, ..., In which are connected to it and by consequently opening the relevant relay-switches.
- the grounding of the electrical conductors 210, 21 1, 212 of the load shedding order distributor are caused individually, in the presence of three types of load shedding order D1, D2, D3, by means of the amplifiers A1, A2, A3 .
- an amplifier A1, A2 or A3 when it is at rest, that is to say when the relays 35 and 36 connected to its output and the relay 33 connected to its input are also at rest, at its output left at a floating potential due to the blocked state of its second stage of transistor 31.
- This floating potential is communicated to the electrical conductor 210, 21 1 or 21 2 of the load shedding order distributor 21 which is connected to it, and, by the wired straps 220 of the terminal block 22, to some of the sub-inputs of the diode switches S1 , S2, ..., Sn. It has no effect on the control inputs of relay-switches 11, 12, ..., In which remain in their present states.
- the relay 35 inserted at the output of an amplifier A1, A2 or A3 and closed at rest can be used to confirm the validity of a load shedding order D1, D2 or D3. It is then controlled by a voltage measurement circuit (23 in Figure 2) placed at the level of the equipment bay connection, on the electrical energy distribution network 20. Indeed, a load shedding order is not justified only when the available electrical energy becomes insufficient, which generally results in a drop in voltage on the network supplying electrical power to the rack.
- Relay 36 shunting to earth the output of an amplifier A1, A2 or A3 and open at rest can be used to force a load shedding maneuver when there is a problem with electrical energy consumption at the bay electronic modules. It is then controlled by a current measurement circuit (24 in Figure 2) placed on the connection of the rack to the electrical energy distribution network 20.
- the level of reliability of an electronic circuit being inversely proportional to the number of transistors it contains, the reliability of load shedding amplifiers A1, A2 and A3, which have only two transistors, is very high, from the order of 2 10 ⁇ 8 , out of range of the usual ASIC circuits.
- amplifiers AI, A2, A3 by means of separate integrated circuits makes it possible to minimize the chances of an overall breakdown of the load shedding system.
- the device for distributing electrical energy between the various electronic modules of a rack is itself produced in the form of a standard plug-in power module suitable whatever the configuration of the rack in equipment electronic.
- Figure 4 shows, seen from the rear edge, the appearance that can take such a power module.
- This is in the form of a rectangular box 40 of suitable thickness for housing a printed circuit board on which are mounted the components of the electrical energy distribution device as well as two sets of half-connectors 41, 42 accessible from the rear section 43 and intended to be plugged into sets of half-connectors of complementary shapes fitted to the bottom of the bay.
- One 41 of the connector sets is reserved for the functional wiring of the aircraft while the other 42 is reserved for the configuration straps.
- Slides 44 are arranged on the lateral edges of the housing 40, in order to allow, as is usual, guiding of the module in the bay insertion rails during its mounting.
- FIG. 5 shows the same power module 40 seen from its front edge 45.
- the latter has on its front edge 45 a handle 46 allowing its manipulation and a slot 47 allowing the insertion of a plug-in submodule 48 with a printed circuit 49 on which all or part of the configuration straps 220 are offset.
- the plug-in submodule 48 has on its front edge, visible from the outside of the bay, an indicator 50 which is a controlled configuration consistency indicator by an automaton mounted in the power supply module 40 verifying the consistency between the load shedding levels assigned to the electronic modules as they result from the configuration adopted for the straps 220 of the terminal block 22, and the criticality levels of the electronic modules such as 'They emerge from the information provided by means of identification fitted to each electronic module.
- the identification means of an electronic module can consist of a wiring matrix particularizing each electronic module at its rear connectors or of a read-only memory interrogable by the coherence check automaton of the power supply module.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/720,243 US6472774B1 (en) | 1999-05-04 | 2000-04-28 | Device for distributing energy between a plurality of electronic modules with possibility of shedding |
CA002335934A CA2335934A1 (fr) | 1999-05-04 | 2000-04-28 | Dispositif de repartition d'energie electrique entre une pluralite de modules electroniques avec possibilite de delestage |
EP00925359A EP1095438A1 (fr) | 1999-05-04 | 2000-04-28 | Dispositif de repartition d'energie electrique entre une pluralite de modules electroniques avec possibilite de delestage |
IL14057700A IL140577A0 (en) | 1999-05-04 | 2000-04-28 | Device for distributing energy between a plurality of electronic modules with possibility of shedding |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR99/05654 | 1999-05-04 | ||
FR9905654A FR2793356B1 (fr) | 1999-05-04 | 1999-05-04 | Dispositif de repartition d'energie electrique entre une pluralite de modules electroniques avec possibilite de delestage |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000067357A1 true WO2000067357A1 (fr) | 2000-11-09 |
Family
ID=9545194
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2000/001163 WO2000067357A1 (fr) | 1999-05-04 | 2000-04-28 | Dispositif de repartition d'energie electrique entre une pluralite de modules electroniques avec possibilite de delestage |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6472774B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1095438A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2335934A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2793356B1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL140577A0 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000067357A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005536969A (ja) * | 2001-11-12 | 2005-12-02 | エンドレス ウント ハウザー ゲーエムベーハー ウント コンパニー コマンディートゲゼルシャフト | 複数のフィールド機器の電源調整方法 |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2815789B1 (fr) * | 2000-10-24 | 2003-01-31 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif d'alimentation electrique a haut niveau de securite |
US7417337B1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2008-08-26 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Method and system for facilitating no-break power transfer |
US20060174629A1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-08-10 | Honeywell International, Inc | Method and system for coordinating engine operation with electrical power extraction in a more electric vehicle |
US20070226264A1 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-09-27 | Gang Luo | System and method for real-time materialized view maintenance |
DE102006028823A1 (de) * | 2006-06-21 | 2008-01-03 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Stromversorgungsnetz mit integriertem Unterspannungsschutz in einem Passagierflugzeug |
US7698233B1 (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2010-04-13 | Southern Company Services, Inc. | System and method for determining expected unserved energy to quantify generation reliability risks |
CN101459337B (zh) * | 2008-12-30 | 2011-12-21 | 上海慧伦电气有限公司 | 能根据负荷路径精确选择切负荷的稳控系统 |
GB2478024A (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2011-08-24 | Stewart John Robert Jackson | Electrical supply apparatus |
GB2501052A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2013-10-16 | Almec Eas Ltd | Modular aircraft power supply unit |
US9270113B2 (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2016-02-23 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Power distribution cabinet |
FR3023262B1 (fr) * | 2014-07-03 | 2018-01-26 | Airbus Operations | Systeme d'alimentation electrique d'un ensemble d'equipements embarques d'un avion alors que celui-ci est stationne au sol. |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4180744A (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1979-12-25 | Avtec Industries, Inc. | Energy management system |
US4324987A (en) * | 1978-05-26 | 1982-04-13 | Cyborex Laboratories, Inc. | System and method for optimizing shed/restore operations for electrical loads |
DE19617915A1 (de) * | 1996-05-03 | 1997-11-13 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Airbus | Anordnung zur Energieverteilung, insbesondere in einem Flugzeug |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4177388A (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1979-12-04 | Louise D. Suhey | Programmable control for load management |
US5386363A (en) * | 1990-08-16 | 1995-01-31 | Sundstrand Corporation | Aircraft load management center |
DE4334488C2 (de) * | 1993-10-09 | 1996-06-20 | Priesemuth W | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung der Spitzenbelastung elektrischer Energienetze und Energieerzeuger |
US5687052A (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-11-11 | Paragon Electric Company, Inc. | Flexible variable pole-count relay output circuit for controlling multiple relays |
FR2774222B1 (fr) | 1998-01-27 | 2000-04-14 | Sextant Avionique | Dispositif de reserve d'energie en courant electrique continu |
-
1999
- 1999-05-04 FR FR9905654A patent/FR2793356B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-04-28 WO PCT/FR2000/001163 patent/WO2000067357A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2000-04-28 CA CA002335934A patent/CA2335934A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-28 EP EP00925359A patent/EP1095438A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-28 US US09/720,243 patent/US6472774B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-28 IL IL14057700A patent/IL140577A0/xx unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4180744A (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1979-12-25 | Avtec Industries, Inc. | Energy management system |
US4324987A (en) * | 1978-05-26 | 1982-04-13 | Cyborex Laboratories, Inc. | System and method for optimizing shed/restore operations for electrical loads |
DE19617915A1 (de) * | 1996-05-03 | 1997-11-13 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Airbus | Anordnung zur Energieverteilung, insbesondere in einem Flugzeug |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005536969A (ja) * | 2001-11-12 | 2005-12-02 | エンドレス ウント ハウザー ゲーエムベーハー ウント コンパニー コマンディートゲゼルシャフト | 複数のフィールド機器の電源調整方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2793356B1 (fr) | 2001-08-10 |
US6472774B1 (en) | 2002-10-29 |
EP1095438A1 (fr) | 2001-05-02 |
FR2793356A1 (fr) | 2000-11-10 |
IL140577A0 (en) | 2002-02-10 |
CA2335934A1 (fr) | 2000-11-09 |
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