WO2000061698A1 - Fluide frigorigene diphasique pour appareil frigorifique a absorption et procede de prevention de la corrosion - Google Patents

Fluide frigorigene diphasique pour appareil frigorifique a absorption et procede de prevention de la corrosion Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000061698A1
WO2000061698A1 PCT/US2000/009796 US0009796W WO0061698A1 WO 2000061698 A1 WO2000061698 A1 WO 2000061698A1 US 0009796 W US0009796 W US 0009796W WO 0061698 A1 WO0061698 A1 WO 0061698A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
lithium
refrigeration
aqueous solution
fluid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/009796
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2000061698A9 (fr
Inventor
Charles A. Angell
Vesselin Velikov
Original Assignee
Arizona Board Of Regents
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arizona Board Of Regents filed Critical Arizona Board Of Regents
Publication of WO2000061698A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000061698A1/fr
Publication of WO2000061698A9 publication Critical patent/WO2000061698A9/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/047—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for absorption-type refrigeration systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/003—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass for preventing corrosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of absorption refrigeration. Specifically, the invention provides a novel refrigeration fluid and a related method of preventing corrosion of internal parts in an absorption refrigeration apparatus.
  • Modern absorption refrigeration is based on a cooling effect obtained by connecting two vessels containing liquids with different vapor pressures.
  • the cooling effect is produced in the vessel containing the liquid with higher vapor pressure when the vapors are drawn to the vessel containing the liquid with lower vapor pressure.
  • an aqueous solution of lithium halide is used as the liquid with lower vapor pressure and water is used as the liquid with higher vapor pressure.
  • the liquid with lower vapor pressure is called the refrigeration fluid.
  • An aqueous solution of lithium bromide is the typical refrigeration fluid used in abso ⁇ tion refrigeration.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the operation of a typical abso ⁇ tion refrigeration cycle.
  • An evaporator 1 contains a liquid with higher vapor pressure, usually water, and is connected to an absorber 2, which contains a refrigeration fluid, usually a solution of lithium bromide.
  • the refrigeration fluid is sprayed in the absorber 2. Because of the difference in vapor pressures, the water vapors from the evaporator 1 are drawn into the absorber, producing a cooling effect in the evaporator.
  • the refrigeration fluid is then transferred to a generator 3. In the generator, the refrigeration fluid is boiled to produce water vapors and a more concentrated solution of the refrigeration fluid.
  • the concentrated refrigeration fluid is continuously returned from the generator 3 to the absorber 2 by spraying.
  • the water vapors produced in the generator 3 are condensed in a condenser 4. The condensed water is then transferred to the evaporator 1, completing the abso ⁇ tion refrigeration cycle.
  • the cooling effect produced in abso ⁇ tion refrigeration may be magnified by an increase in the vapor pressure gradient between the absorber 2 and the evaporator 1.
  • the vapor pressure gradient may be increased by an increase in the boiling temperature of the refrigeration fluid in the generator 3.
  • the higher boiling temperature decreases the vapor pressure of the refrigeration fluid, resulting in a larger vapor pressure gradient and a larger cooling effect in the evaporator.
  • the abso ⁇ tion refrigeration is based on utilizing the heat supplied to the generator 3 to cool the evaporator 1.
  • stagewise utilization of heat improves the efficiency of abso ⁇ tion refrigeration.
  • the process for stagewise utilization of heat is known as “double effect” and “triple effect” abso ⁇ tion refrigeration, depending on the number of heat utilization stages.
  • double effect and triple effect abso ⁇ tion refrigeration is not feasible due to insufficiently high boiling temperatures of conventional lithium bromide refrigeration fluids. So far, the efforts to produce higher boiling and practical refrigeration fluids have not been successful.
  • the boiling temperatures are limited by chemical stability of refrigeration fluids and the ability of the internal parts of refrigeration equipment to withstand corrosion.
  • the addition of zinc bromide to the lithium bromide refrigeration fluid significantly increases the boiling temperature.
  • the resulting solution of tetrabromozincate is also chemically stable in the range of temperatures used in abso ⁇ tion refrigeration.
  • the lithium tetrabromozincate is corrosive to the internal parts of refrigeration equipment.
  • the present invention fulfills this need by providing a refrigeration fluid which is a two-phase liquid, wherein the first phase is an aqueous solution of lithium halide and the second phase is an aqueous solution of a fluorinated salt of lithium.
  • the present invention also provides an abso ⁇ tion refrigeration apparatus which includes an evaporator, an absorber, a generator, a condenser and a refrigeration fluid which is a two-phase liquid, wherein the first phase is an aqueous solution of lithium halide, the second phase is an aqueous solution of a fluorinated salt of lithium.
  • the present invention also provides a method for protecting internal parts of an abso ⁇ tion refrigeration apparatus by using the two-phase refrigeration fluid of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a general scheme of the abso ⁇ tion refrigeration cycle.
  • Figure 2 shows a phase diagram for a two-component system of lithium bis (trifluoro methane sulfonyl) imide (“LiTFMSI”) and water.
  • LiTFMSI lithium bis (trifluoro methane sulfonyl) imide
  • Figure 3 shows a phase diagram for a two-component system of lithium bromide and water.
  • Figure 4 shows a plot of boiling temperatures and glass transition temperatures for aqueous solutions of LiBr and LiTFMSI as a function of salt concentrations.
  • this invention is based on a completely unexpected phenomena of immiscibility of aqueous solutions of fluorinated salts of lithium with aqueous solutions of lithium halides in a wide range of concentrations.
  • Aqueous solutions are normally expected to mix and form a single continuous phase.
  • the aqueous solution of lithium bis(trifluoro methane sulfonyl) imide was added to the aqueous solution of lithium bromide, the resulting liquid unexpectedly contained two aqueous phases.
  • the fluorinated phase positions itself between the internal surfaces of the apparatus and the lithium halide phase. As a result, it is believed that the fluorinated phase prevents contact between the internal surfaces and the lithium halide phase, protecting the surfaces and minimizing corrosion. In addition, the fluorinated phase is likely to stabilize a thin film of NiF 2 or CuF 2 on nickel-containing copper materials, commonly used for piping in abso ⁇ tion refrigeration.
  • the fluorinated phase of the refrigeration fluid of the present invention includes a fluorinated salt of lithium, for example, a fluorinated salt of the formulas LiC n H 2n+1 SO 2 N, Li(C n H 2n+1 SO 2 ) 2 N or LiC n H 2n+ ,PO 2 , wherein n is from 1 to 3.
  • a fluorinated salt of lithium for example, a fluorinated salt of the formulas LiC n H 2n+1 SO 2 N, Li(C n H 2n+1 SO 2 ) 2 N or LiC n H 2n+ ,PO 2 , wherein n is from 1 to 3.
  • the aqueous solutions of lithium bis (trifluoro methane sulfonyl) imide (“LiTFMSI”), lithium bis(perflouroethanesulfonyl)imide (“LiBETI”), Li(CF 3 ) 2 PO 2 Li(C 3 F 7 SO 2 ) 2 N, Li(C 2 F 5 ) 2 PO 2 , as well as their mixtures, are used in the preparation of the fluorinated phase.
  • the aqueous solutions of LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 and lithium perfiuoro benzene sulfonate, as well as their mixtures may also be used in the preparation of the fluorinated phase.
  • the lithium halide phase of the refrigeration fluid of the present invention preferably includes either lithium bromide or lithium chloride.
  • the first phase is an aqueous solution of lithium bromide and the second phase is an aqueous solution of lithium bis (trifluoro methane sulfonyl) imide (LITFMSI).
  • LITFMSI lithium bis (trifluoro methane sulfonyl) imide
  • a suitable inorganic salt additive for example, zinc bromide (ZnBr 2 )
  • ZnBr 2 zinc bromide
  • the addition of zinc bromide produces tetrabromozincate in the lithium bromide phase, resulting in a stable, high-temperature boiling liquid.
  • the fluorinated phase will prevent contact between the tetrabromozincate-containing phase and the internal surfaces of the refrigeration apparatus, thereby minimizing corrosion.
  • the boiling temperature of the refrigeration fluid will increase, while heat transfer from the internal surfaces to the lithium bromide phase will not be affected by the presence of the fluorinated phase because both phases are aqueous.
  • Other suitable additives may also be used in the refrigeration fluid of the present invention, for example, lithium trifiuoromethane sulfonate and lithium fluoride.
  • a solution of a lithium halide for example, lithium bromide, may represent a major portion of the refrigeration fluid of the present invention.
  • lithium halide may represent over 90% by weight with respect to the total weight of salt in the refrigeration fluid of the present invention.
  • lithium halide represents over 95% by weight with respect to the total weight of salts in the refrigeration fluid; most preferably, lithium halide represents 99% by weight.
  • the fluorinated salt is present in an amount of up to 5% by weight with respect to the total salt content. Most preferably, the fluorinated salt is present in an amount of 1% by weight with respect to the total salt content.
  • the vapor pressure of a liquid, and thus its boiling point, is proportional to the chemical potential of the liquid. Any two-phase system exists at an equilibrium where chemical potentials of the phases are identical. Therefore, the boiling point of a two-phase system is likely to be intermediate between the boiling points of each separate phase at the corresponding salt concentrations. When two immiscible aqoues phases are mixed, water will redistribute itself to equalize the chemical potentials of the phases.
  • the proper functioning of the refrigeration fluid requires similar boiling points for each liquid phase in the two- phase refrigeration fluid to prevent an excessive redistribution of water. Therefore, to evaluate the behavior of the two-phase refrigeration fluid of the present invention in the abso ⁇ tion refrigeration cycle, it is necessary to compare the boiling points of the lithium halide phase and the fluorinated phase at various salt concentrations.
  • the LiBr/LiTFMSI system was chosen as an example.
  • the boiling behavior for the LiBr/ LiTFMSI two-phase system may be estimated from the plots for boiling points of the individual LiBr/water and LiTFMSI/water systems at different salt concentrations, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, exce ⁇ ted from G. Perron et al., Can. J. Chem., 75, 1608-1614 (1997) and A. Sivaraman, H. Senapati, C.A. Angell, J. Phys. Chem., B, 103(20), 4159 (1999), which are inco ⁇ orated herein by reference.
  • Figure 4 combines the data shown in Figures 2 and 3 and demonstrates that boiling behaviors of LiBr and LiTFMSI phases are very similar.
  • the closeness of boiling points for LiBr and LiTFMSI solutions at identical salt concentrations indicates that mixing of the phases is unlikely to result in an unreasonably large redistribution of water.
  • suitable additives may be used to modify the refrigeration fluid in order to prevent excessive redistribution of water.
  • These addivives may include, for example, lithium fluoride, lithium trifiuoromethane sulfonate, as well as any of the fluorinated salts shown above.
  • the present invention is further demonstrated by reference to the examples that follow. The examples are given for the pu ⁇ ose of illustration, and are not meant to be limiting in any way.
  • LiTFMSI and LiBr 28 mole % solutions of LiTFMSI and LiBr were prepared by using the appropriate amounts of corresponding salts and distilled water. 5.4 g of the LiTFMSI solution were added to 19.5 g of the LiBr solution resulting in a molar ratio of LiTFMSI to LiBr of 1:9. After stirring and heating to below the boiling point, the solution remained separated into two phases.
  • LiTFMSI solution obtained in Example 2 0.11 g were added to 5 g of the LiBr solution, resulting in a molar ratio of LiTFMSI to LiBr of 0.7 : 99.3. After vigorous stirring and heating the two aqueous phases are still immiscible.
  • Example 4. 7 mo l e % aqueou s s o luti o n s o f l ithi um bis(perflouroethanesulfonyl)imide ("LiBETI”) and LiBr were prepared by adding the salts to the appropriate amounts of distilled water. Upon dissolution, 8.32 g of the LiBr solution was added to a vial containing 5.71 g of the BETI solution, resulting in a ratio of LiBETI to LiBr of 1 :4 . The resulting liquid contained two aqueous phases. The two- phase liquid was heated in an Erlenmeyer flask. On visual observation, the phase separation and the volumes of the LiBr and LiBETI phases remained unaffected by heating.
  • LiBETI bis(perflouroethanesulfonyl)imide
  • the solution from example 2 was subjected to stepwise dilution by adding about 2.5 g of water at a time.
  • the overall molar concentration of the solution decreased to 22.6 %, 18.9 %, and 16.3 %, the two phases remained separated and unaffected by stirring and heating.
  • the added water was absorbed predominantly by the LiBr phase.
  • the cloudiness disappeared at about 82-86°C and the two phases mixed together.
  • 13.9 mole% is the plait point for this temperature.
  • the solution became turbid and the two phases separated at room temperature.
  • Example 3 The solution obtained in Example 3 was subjected to dilution with 0.5 g of water at a time to determine the plait point for the two-phase liquid with low relative concentration of LiTFMSI salt.
  • the two aqueous phases are immiscible at all temperatures up to just below the boiling point.
  • 17.2 mole % of salt upon vigorous stirring, the solution clears up at room temperature, indicating that the plait point at room temperature lies between 19.6 and 17.2 mole %.
  • the refrigeration fluid was prepared using Li(C 3 F 7 SO 2 ) N and LiBr using the procedure shown in hypothetical Example 1 A.
  • the above embodiments have shown various aspects of the present invention. Other variations be evident to those skilled in the art and such modifications are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un nouveau fluide frigorigène diphasique conçu pour la réfrigération à absorption. La première phase est une solution aqueuse d'halogénure de lithium. La seconde phase est une solution de sel de lithium fluoré. Ledit fluide frigorigène possède des points d'ébullition élevés et protège contre la corrosion.
PCT/US2000/009796 1999-04-12 2000-04-12 Fluide frigorigene diphasique pour appareil frigorifique a absorption et procede de prevention de la corrosion WO2000061698A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12890299P 1999-04-12 1999-04-12
US60/128,902 1999-04-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000061698A1 true WO2000061698A1 (fr) 2000-10-19
WO2000061698A9 WO2000061698A9 (fr) 2001-11-22

Family

ID=22437546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2000/009796 WO2000061698A1 (fr) 1999-04-12 2000-04-12 Fluide frigorigene diphasique pour appareil frigorifique a absorption et procede de prevention de la corrosion

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2000061698A1 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6599866B2 (en) 2001-04-20 2003-07-29 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Servo valve erosion inhibited aircraft hydraulic fluids
WO2010117831A1 (fr) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Dispositif pour ajuster la température
WO2010117836A1 (fr) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Composés ioniques dans des systèmes à cycles d'absorption bromure de lithium/eau
US8784537B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2014-07-22 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Amine-containing absorption medium, process and apparatus for absorption of acidic gases from gas mixtures
US8932478B2 (en) 2008-02-05 2015-01-13 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for the absorption of a volatile substance in a liquid absorbent
US9221007B2 (en) 2011-11-14 2015-12-29 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method and device for separating acid gases from a gas mixture
US9630140B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2017-04-25 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method for absorbing CO2 from a gas mixture
US9840473B1 (en) 2016-06-14 2017-12-12 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method of preparing a high purity imidazolium salt
US9878285B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2018-01-30 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method and absorption medium for absorbing CO2 from a gas mixture
US10105644B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2018-10-23 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process and absorbent for dehumidifying moist gas mixtures
US10138209B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2018-11-27 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for purifying an ionic liquid
US10493400B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2019-12-03 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for dehumidifying moist gas mixtures
US10497970B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2019-12-03 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Alkali ion conducting plastic crystals
US10500540B2 (en) 2015-07-08 2019-12-10 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method for dehumidifying humid gas mixtures using ionic liquids
US10512881B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2019-12-24 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for dehumidifying moist gas mixtures
US10512883B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2019-12-24 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for dehumidifying moist gas mixtures

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1208467A (en) * 1967-12-15 1970-10-14 Worthington Corp Absorption refrigeration systems, and compositions useful in such systems and as liquid coolants
US3541013A (en) * 1968-01-24 1970-11-17 American Gas Ass Lithium bromide-lithium thiocyanatewater composition for an absorbentrefrigeration system
EP0751199A1 (fr) * 1995-06-30 1997-01-02 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Solution absorbante pour réfrigérateur par absorption
US5653117A (en) * 1996-04-15 1997-08-05 Gas Research Institute Absorption refrigeration compositions containing thiocyanate, and absorption refrigeration apparatus
US5723058A (en) * 1996-04-01 1998-03-03 Schuurman; Eiko A. Absorbent compositions for refrigerating and heating systems
US5806337A (en) * 1995-10-06 1998-09-15 Hitachi, Ltd. Absorption refrigerator and production method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1208467A (en) * 1967-12-15 1970-10-14 Worthington Corp Absorption refrigeration systems, and compositions useful in such systems and as liquid coolants
US3541013A (en) * 1968-01-24 1970-11-17 American Gas Ass Lithium bromide-lithium thiocyanatewater composition for an absorbentrefrigeration system
EP0751199A1 (fr) * 1995-06-30 1997-01-02 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Solution absorbante pour réfrigérateur par absorption
US5806337A (en) * 1995-10-06 1998-09-15 Hitachi, Ltd. Absorption refrigerator and production method thereof
US5723058A (en) * 1996-04-01 1998-03-03 Schuurman; Eiko A. Absorbent compositions for refrigerating and heating systems
US5653117A (en) * 1996-04-15 1997-08-05 Gas Research Institute Absorption refrigeration compositions containing thiocyanate, and absorption refrigeration apparatus

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6599866B2 (en) 2001-04-20 2003-07-29 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Servo valve erosion inhibited aircraft hydraulic fluids
US8932478B2 (en) 2008-02-05 2015-01-13 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for the absorption of a volatile substance in a liquid absorbent
WO2010117831A1 (fr) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Dispositif pour ajuster la température
WO2010117836A1 (fr) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Composés ioniques dans des systèmes à cycles d'absorption bromure de lithium/eau
CN102378799A (zh) * 2009-03-31 2012-03-14 纳幕尔杜邦公司 温度调节装置
US8784537B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2014-07-22 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Amine-containing absorption medium, process and apparatus for absorption of acidic gases from gas mixtures
US9221007B2 (en) 2011-11-14 2015-12-29 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method and device for separating acid gases from a gas mixture
US9878285B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2018-01-30 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method and absorption medium for absorbing CO2 from a gas mixture
US9630140B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2017-04-25 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method for absorbing CO2 from a gas mixture
US10497970B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2019-12-03 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Alkali ion conducting plastic crystals
US11695153B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2023-07-04 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Alkali ion conducting plastic crystals
US11094963B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2021-08-17 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Alkali ion conducting plastic crystals
US10500540B2 (en) 2015-07-08 2019-12-10 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method for dehumidifying humid gas mixtures using ionic liquids
US9840473B1 (en) 2016-06-14 2017-12-12 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Method of preparing a high purity imidazolium salt
US10493400B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2019-12-03 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for dehumidifying moist gas mixtures
US10512881B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2019-12-24 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for dehumidifying moist gas mixtures
US10512883B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2019-12-24 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for dehumidifying moist gas mixtures
US10138209B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2018-11-27 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for purifying an ionic liquid
US10105644B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2018-10-23 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process and absorbent for dehumidifying moist gas mixtures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000061698A9 (fr) 2001-11-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2000061698A1 (fr) Fluide frigorigene diphasique pour appareil frigorifique a absorption et procede de prevention de la corrosion
KR101314419B1 (ko) 이온성 액체를 작동 유체로 사용하는 흡수 사이클
CA2105565C (fr) Compositions refrigerantes non azeotropes renfermant du difluoromethane, du 1,1,1-trifluoroethane ou du propane
CN104918913B (zh) 四丁铵双(氟磺酰基)酰亚胺及相关盐的合成
WO2007038363A2 (fr) Utilisation de liquides ioniques pour la separation d'hydrofluorocarbures
US20110219811A1 (en) Absorption cycle system having dual absorption circuits
EP2086914A1 (fr) Procédé de séparation de tétrafluoroéthylène du dioxyde de carbone au moyen de liquides ioniques
CN104047649A (zh) 用于高温热传递应用的稳定化的hfo和hcfo组合物
US6018952A (en) Method for charging refrigerant blend
JP3244296B2 (ja) 冷媒組成物及びこれを使用した二元冷凍装置
WO2018168752A1 (fr) Méthode de production de pentafluorure de phosphore
JPH03170585A (ja) 作動流体
US10654778B2 (en) Method for producing 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene
US4057974A (en) Constant boiling mixtures of 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and octafluorocyclobutane
CN111656082A (zh) 用于低温储存和运输挥发性气体的热级联
US6058717A (en) Method for charging refrigerant blend
CN1035250C (zh) 制备氟化化合物的方法
US5728315A (en) Azeotrope-like compositions of trifluoromethane, carbon dioxide, ethane and hexafluoroethane
US4057973A (en) Constant boiling mixtures of 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and 2-chloroheptafluoropropane
US5275751A (en) Azeotrope-like compositions of trifluoromethane, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride
JPH01256766A (ja) 冷凍装置
JPH06172227A (ja) ジフルオロメタン、ペンタフルオロエタン及び１、１、１−トリフルオロエタン系の疑似共沸混合物、並びに該混合物である低温度用冷媒
US6500358B2 (en) Non-azeotropic refrigerant compositions comprising difluoromethane; 1,1,1-trifluoroethane; or propane
US4101436A (en) Constant boiling mixtures of 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and hydrocarbons
RU2092515C1 (ru) Озонобезопасная рабочая смесь для холодильных машин

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CA JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: C2

Designated state(s): CA JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: C2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

COP Corrected version of pamphlet

Free format text: PAGES 1/4-4/4, DRAWINGS, REPLACED BY NEW PAGES 1/4-4/4; DUE TO LATE TRANSMITTAL BY THE RECEIVING OFFICE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP