WO2000060172A1 - Method and apparatus for foaming liquid material - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for foaming liquid material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000060172A1
WO2000060172A1 PCT/FI1999/000273 FI9900273W WO0060172A1 WO 2000060172 A1 WO2000060172 A1 WO 2000060172A1 FI 9900273 W FI9900273 W FI 9900273W WO 0060172 A1 WO0060172 A1 WO 0060172A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
bitumen
spindle
conveyed
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1999/000273
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ahti HANGASMÄKI
Mauri Tuominen
Original Assignee
Hangasmaeki Ahti
Mauri Tuominen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FI973861A priority Critical patent/FI105709B/en
Application filed by Hangasmaeki Ahti, Mauri Tuominen filed Critical Hangasmaeki Ahti
Priority to PCT/FI1999/000273 priority patent/WO2000060172A1/en
Publication of WO2000060172A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000060172A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/12—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials
    • E01C19/16—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials for applying or spreading liquid materials, e.g. bitumen slurries
    • E01C19/17—Application by spraying or throwing
    • E01C19/176—Spraying or throwing elements, e.g. nozzles; Arrangement thereof or supporting structures therefor, e.g. spray-bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/061—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with several liquid outlets discharging one or several liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/10—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge producing a swirling discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for foaming liquid material by means of water and compressed air as per the preamble of claim 1.
  • bitumen is foamed by means of sprayed water or water vapour.
  • the bitumen is conveyed through a foaming nozzle breaking down into small quick-moving drops that form the foam.
  • Foaming by means of compressed air is known from EP publication 466526 A, according to which bitumen is foamed by compressed air at a temperature of 60°-80°C .
  • foaming does not take place by means of vaporizing water that becomes steam in a nozzle or immediately after it, but the foaming takes place due to change of the medium, e.g. water, steam or air. In some cases it can merely be the question of producing drops. It has been noted that by means of above presented methods only short-lived foam is formed partly vanishing in the chamber where produced, and can no more be conveyed to the required site.
  • the advantage of the invention is the surprisingly much increased stability of foam. Since after the nozzle vaporizing of water takes place in the same spot where the foam is formed only good results are produced due to the sudden expansion of water. When a drop of water in a free space vaporizes and the temperature of vapour is 100° - 140°C, the water takes a 1500 times bigger volume with respect to the drop. This phenome-non, as something taking place among the spray of bitumen, breaks the bitumen down into a state of foam, which has been found to last for 10-15 seconds. By the method a very small bubble size is produced giving the foam better stability.
  • Rock material necessary by the production of road materials heated by means of the method according to this invention only to a temperature of 60o - 80°, into which the foam is conveyed, while in former methods the rock material is heated to the same tempe-rature, i.e. 140° - 170°C.
  • the quantity of bitumen can be adjusted, the flow stopped and also the nozzle rotated at different speeds so that the flow would exit at a requested conical angle. Thanks to the coaxial construction of the spindle it is possible to convey compressed air intermediate space of the spindle. Compressed air in intermediate space prevents water inside the spindle from getting too warm, prevents mutual sticking of spindles, as a flow facilitates by foaming the breaking down and conveyance of bitumen and the flow of compressed air surely keeps the nozzle clean.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the foam-building nozzle solution.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the nozzle spindle.
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of another spindle.
  • Fig. 4 is the nozzle spindle adjusting and turning element.
  • Fig. 5 is the nozzle spindle viewed from the end.
  • Figure 1 shows the foam-building nozzle including an external conic nozzle sleeve 1 and an inside nozzle sleeve 4 both in a tubular nozzle body 3 and not-rotating by operation.
  • Nozzle sleeve is fastened to the body middle portion 6, which has channels III for the inlet and outlet of liquid to be foamed in order to arrange the circulation of liquid.
  • a part of the liquid flows into nozzle space 2 from the ring space between nozzle sleeve 4 and spindle 5.
  • the apparatus also includes rear bodies 7 and 8, which have a spindle 5 fastened by bearings so that it can be rotated. The bearings and shaft seals also allow moving of spindle longi-tudinally.
  • a adjusting and turning element 9 by means of which the spindle is rotated, if need be, with the driving motor, for instance. It is advantageous to arrange rotation of spindle by a motor adjustable as to its speed of rotation or an adjustable gearbox. By means of the adjusting element motions in longitudinal can also be effected for spindle 5 using, for instance, a linear motor to produce the element 9 motion .
  • the spindle itself is formed of an outer first tubular nozzle spindle 5 and on its inside of a second tubular nozzle spindle 13.
  • pre-nozzle 12 On the inside of the second nozzle spindle the pressurized water is at first conveyed to pre-nozzle 12, which has a micro filter.
  • the water temperature is at least 120°C and in order to produce a strong flow in nozzle 12 the pressure most, suitably more than 60 bar.
  • Water is conveyed to intern spindle 13 from the body portion 8 by means of the opening/chamber assembly, whereat the water is moved over even to rotating spindle 13 from channel II.
  • Most suitably the quantity of water approximately 2 - 10 percentage by weight of the quantity of matter to be foamed.
  • the compressed air is conveyed from body portion 7 to outer spindle 5 just as the water, in other words by means of the opening/chamber assembly from channel I.
  • the quantity of compressed to be conveyed to the nozzle is as to its volume of the same rate as the quantity of water steam aqueous vapour generated from the water conveyed to the nozzle.
  • the inlet of liquid to be foamed can be closed in pushing nozzle spindle5 against the front edge of nozzle spindle 4.
  • the flow of liquid is adjusted, in adjusting the play of the said blocking face by the longitudinal motion of the spindle .
  • FIGS 2 and 3 there are two versions for nozzle spindle 5.
  • the figure 2 version there is on the spindle outer face thread shaped ribs 10 making the liquid rotate without rotating the spindle. Rotating the spindle intensifies the rotation of liquid.
  • the figure 3 ribs 11 are axial and only in rotating the spindle the liquid to be foamed can be set into rotation.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of the adjusting and rotating element 9 in the rear end of the apparatus, by means of which spindle.5, 13 ia moved. Nozzle spindles 5,13 are not mutually moved in regard to one an another but only together the rotations and longitudinal motions, for instance.
  • the apparatus and method is intended especially for foaming of bitumen, whereby a ever more long-lasting foam' is achieved.
  • foam can be built and directed immediately into rock material flowing by or moving by and so produce road material without any ' foam-building chamber.
  • rock material a low temperature of 60°-80° C is enough, whereby the so called blue smoke formation is reduced, likewise the emission of C02 as well as emissions of hydrocarbon.
  • the rock material mixing and heating stages grow shorter resulting in energy saving and reduced quantity of stone dust.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

A method and an apparatus to foam liquid bitumen discharging off a nozzle (2) by which method into same nozzle also compressed air and water is conveyed. The matter to be foamed is conveyed into the nozzle at a temperature of 120°- 200 °C, water is conveyed to the nozzle at a temperature of at least 120° with the supply pressure to the nozzle or pre-nozzle (12) then at least 60 bar, compressed air is conveyed ring-shaped from the outside of the water nozzle and the matter to be foamed is conveyed to the nozzle as the outmost ring-shaped flow.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FOAMING LIQUID MATERIAL
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for foaming liquid material by means of water and compressed air as per the preamble of claim 1.
Previously known from the published German application DE 2 101 639 is a foaming method, where bitumen is foamed by means of sprayed water or water vapour. The bitumen is conveyed through a foaming nozzle breaking down into small quick-moving drops that form the foam.
Foaming by means of compressed air is known from EP publication 466526 A, according to which bitumen is foamed by compressed air at a temperature of 60°-80°C .
From EP publication 283399 foaming of bitumen is known by means of spraying bitumen and water against a net in order to make the bitumen break down into drops.
In the above presented methods foaming does not take place by means of vaporizing water that becomes steam in a nozzle or immediately after it, but the foaming takes place due to change of the medium, e.g. water, steam or air. In some cases it can merely be the question of producing drops. It has been noted that by means of above presented methods only short-lived foam is formed partly vanishing in the chamber where produced, and can no more be conveyed to the required site.
By means of the method and apparatus according to his invention a decisive improvement of these disadvantages is achieved and the invention is characterized in what is presented in the enclosed patent claims.
Due to the new way of foaming the advantage of the invention is the surprisingly much increased stability of foam. Since after the nozzle vaporizing of water takes place in the same spot where the foam is formed only good results are produced due to the sudden expansion of water. When a drop of water in a free space vaporizes and the temperature of vapour is 100° - 140°C, the water takes a 1500 times bigger volume with respect to the drop. This phenome-non, as something taking place among the spray of bitumen, breaks the bitumen down into a state of foam, which has been found to last for 10-15 seconds. By the method a very small bubble size is produced giving the foam better stability.
Rock material necessary by the production of road materials heated by means of the method according to this invention only to a temperature of 60o - 80°, into which the foam is conveyed, while in former methods the rock material is heated to the same tempe-rature, i.e. 140° - 170°C.
Due to the construction of nozzles the quantity of bitumen can be adjusted, the flow stopped and also the nozzle rotated at different speeds so that the flow would exit at a requested conical angle. Thanks to the coaxial construction of the spindle it is possible to convey compressed air intermediate space of the spindle. Compressed air in intermediate space prevents water inside the spindle from getting too warm, prevents mutual sticking of spindles, as a flow facilitates by foaming the breaking down and conveyance of bitumen and the flow of compressed air surely keeps the nozzle clean.
In the following the invention is disclosed with reference to the enclosed drawings, where
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the foam-building nozzle solution.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the nozzle spindle.
Fig. 3 is a side view of another spindle.
Fig. 4 is the nozzle spindle adjusting and turning element.
Fig. 5 is the nozzle spindle viewed from the end.
Figure 1 shows the foam-building nozzle including an external conic nozzle sleeve 1 and an inside nozzle sleeve 4 both in a tubular nozzle body 3 and not-rotating by operation. Nozzle sleeve is fastened to the body middle portion 6, which has channels III for the inlet and outlet of liquid to be foamed in order to arrange the circulation of liquid. A part of the liquid flows into nozzle space 2 from the ring space between nozzle sleeve 4 and spindle 5. The apparatus also includes rear bodies 7 and 8, which have a spindle 5 fastened by bearings so that it can be rotated. The bearings and shaft seals also allow moving of spindle longi-tudinally. Then, for instance, they glide on spindle 5 surface, when moving the spindle longitudinally. In the apparatus rear end there is a adjusting and turning element 9, by means of which the spindle is rotated, if need be, with the driving motor, for instance. It is advantageous to arrange rotation of spindle by a motor adjustable as to its speed of rotation or an adjustable gearbox. By means of the adjusting element motions in longitudinal can also be effected for spindle 5 using, for instance, a linear motor to produce the element 9 motion .
The spindle itself is formed of an outer first tubular nozzle spindle 5 and on its inside of a second tubular nozzle spindle 13. On the inside of the second nozzle spindle the pressurized water is at first conveyed to pre-nozzle 12, which has a micro filter. The water temperature is at least 120°C and in order to produce a strong flow in nozzle 12 the pressure most, suitably more than 60 bar. Water is conveyed to intern spindle 13 from the body portion 8 by means of the opening/chamber assembly, whereat the water is moved over even to rotating spindle 13 from channel II. Most suitably the quantity of water approximately 2 - 10 percentage by weight of the quantity of matter to be foamed.
The compressed air is conveyed from body portion 7 to outer spindle 5 just as the water, in other words by means of the opening/chamber assembly from channel I. The quantity of compressed to be conveyed to the nozzle is as to its volume of the same rate as the quantity of water steam aqueous vapour generated from the water conveyed to the nozzle. By means of nozzle spindle 5 the inlet of liquid to be foamed can be closed in pushing nozzle spindle5 against the front edge of nozzle spindle 4. The flow of liquid is adjusted, in adjusting the play of the said blocking face by the longitudinal motion of the spindle .
In figures 2 and 3 there are two versions for nozzle spindle 5. In the figure 2 version there is on the spindle outer face thread shaped ribs 10 making the liquid rotate without rotating the spindle. Rotating the spindle intensifies the rotation of liquid. The figure 3 ribs 11 are axial and only in rotating the spindle the liquid to be foamed can be set into rotation.
Figure 4 is a sectional view of the adjusting and rotating element 9 in the rear end of the apparatus, by means of which spindle.5, 13 ia moved. Nozzle spindles 5,13 are not mutually moved in regard to one an another but only together the rotations and longitudinal motions, for instance.
In figure 5 viewed from the front the nozzle spindles 5 and 13 are shown in versions as per figure 2.
The apparatus and method is intended especially for foaming of bitumen, whereby a ever more long-lasting foam' is achieved. Using vaporizing water, foam can be built and directed immediately into rock material flowing by or moving by and so produce road material without any 'foam-building chamber. For rock material a low temperature of 60°-80° C is enough, whereby the so called blue smoke formation is reduced, likewise the emission of C02 as well as emissions of hydrocarbon. The rock material mixing and heating stages grow shorter resulting in energy saving and reduced quantity of stone dust.
Besides bitumen other liquids can be foamed by the method according the this invention especially matters liquid when hot.

Claims

1. A method to foam liquid bitumen discharging off a nozzle (2) by which method into nozzle (2) also compressed air and water is conveyed, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that bitumen is conveyed into nozzle (2) at a temperature of 120° - 200°C, water is conveyed to nozzle (2) at a temperature of at least 120° with the supply pressure to nozzle (2) or pre-nozzle (12) then at least 60 bar, whereby water vaporizes in or after the nozzle, compressed air is conveyed ring-shaped to nozzle (2) from the outside of water nozzle (12) and bitumen is conveyed to nozzle (2) as the outmost ring-shaped flow.
2. A method according to claim 1 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that bitumen is foamed direct into rock material in order to produce road material.
3. A method according to claim 1 and 2 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the flow of bitumen is adjusted by means of a movable nozzle spindle (5) .
4. A method according to any of the above claims 1 - 3 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that nozzle spindle (5) is rotated in order to produce different shapes of spray.
5. A method according to any of the above claims 1 - 4 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that bitumen is circulated through the nozzle system in order to ease the keeping of temperature and pressure of matter conveyed to nozzle (2) constant.
6. A method according to any above patent claim 1-5 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the quantity of pressure water is 2-10 percentage by weight of the quantity of bitumen.
7. An foam-building apparatus of bitumen in order to realize the method according to claim 1 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the apparatus comprises a tubular first nozzle spindle (5) , out off the ring space, formed outside of which, bitumen is conveyed to nozzle (2) , inside first nozzle spindle (5) a second tubular spindle (13) for conveyance of pressure water to nozzle (2) and between the first and second nozzle a ring space for conveying compressed air to nozzle (2) .
8. An apparatus according to claim 7 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that spindles (5,13) can be moved longitudinally.
9. An apparatus according to claim 7 and 8 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that spindles (5,13) are rotatable about their longitudinal axis
10. An apparatus according to any of the above claims 7 - 9 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the flow of bitumen can be adjusted by the longitudinal motion of spindle (5)
PCT/FI1999/000273 1997-10-02 1999-04-01 Method and apparatus for foaming liquid material WO2000060172A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI973861A FI105709B (en) 1997-10-02 1997-10-02 Process and apparatus for causing a liquid material to foam
PCT/FI1999/000273 WO2000060172A1 (en) 1997-10-02 1999-04-01 Method and apparatus for foaming liquid material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI973861A FI105709B (en) 1997-10-02 1997-10-02 Process and apparatus for causing a liquid material to foam
PCT/FI1999/000273 WO2000060172A1 (en) 1997-10-02 1999-04-01 Method and apparatus for foaming liquid material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000060172A1 true WO2000060172A1 (en) 2000-10-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1999/000273 WO2000060172A1 (en) 1997-10-02 1999-04-01 Method and apparatus for foaming liquid material

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WO (1) WO2000060172A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011124369A3 (en) * 2010-04-06 2012-06-21 Bomag Gmbh Apparatus for producing foamed bitumen and process for servicing said apparatus
CN103774532A (en) * 2014-01-20 2014-05-07 南通东南公路工程有限公司 Detachable-washable type asphalt spraying pipe
ES2516566A1 (en) * 2013-04-29 2014-10-30 Universidad De Huelva Method for the combined foaming/modification of bitumens for use in paving

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1325916A (en) * 1970-01-20 1973-08-08 Mobil Oil Corp Method and apparatus for producing foamed materials
EP0466526A1 (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-15 Beugnet S.A. Bituminous binder for road surfacing and process for producing such a binder
WO1995025848A1 (en) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-28 Mark & Mekan Ab A valve device
WO1998035101A1 (en) * 1997-02-05 1998-08-13 David Anthony Kohler Utility surface element and associated assembly method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1325916A (en) * 1970-01-20 1973-08-08 Mobil Oil Corp Method and apparatus for producing foamed materials
EP0466526A1 (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-15 Beugnet S.A. Bituminous binder for road surfacing and process for producing such a binder
WO1995025848A1 (en) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-28 Mark & Mekan Ab A valve device
WO1998035101A1 (en) * 1997-02-05 1998-08-13 David Anthony Kohler Utility surface element and associated assembly method

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011124369A3 (en) * 2010-04-06 2012-06-21 Bomag Gmbh Apparatus for producing foamed bitumen and process for servicing said apparatus
US9551116B2 (en) 2010-04-06 2017-01-24 Bomag Gmbh Apparatus for producing foamed bitumen and method for its maintenance
US9856611B2 (en) 2010-04-06 2018-01-02 Bomag Gmbh Apparatus for producing foamed bitumen and method for its maintenance
ES2516566A1 (en) * 2013-04-29 2014-10-30 Universidad De Huelva Method for the combined foaming/modification of bitumens for use in paving
WO2014177734A1 (en) * 2013-04-29 2014-11-06 Universidad De Huelva Method for the combined foaming/modification of bitumens for use in paving
CN103774532A (en) * 2014-01-20 2014-05-07 南通东南公路工程有限公司 Detachable-washable type asphalt spraying pipe
CN103774532B (en) * 2014-01-20 2016-06-08 南通东南公路工程有限公司 A kind of dismountable and washing-able type asphalt spray pipe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI973861A0 (en) 1997-10-02
FI973861A (en) 1999-04-03
FI105709B (en) 2000-09-29

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