WO2000047273A1 - Dispositif electrolytique - Google Patents

Dispositif electrolytique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000047273A1
WO2000047273A1 PCT/US2000/003304 US0003304W WO0047273A1 WO 2000047273 A1 WO2000047273 A1 WO 2000047273A1 US 0003304 W US0003304 W US 0003304W WO 0047273 A1 WO0047273 A1 WO 0047273A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
silver
electrolytic device
metal
region
surface area
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/003304
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Javin Pierce
William E. Crisp
Original Assignee
Pierce Instruments, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pierce Instruments, Inc. filed Critical Pierce Instruments, Inc.
Priority to JP2000598222A priority Critical patent/JP2002536132A/ja
Priority to AU38569/00A priority patent/AU3856900A/en
Priority to EP00917619A priority patent/EP1159028A4/fr
Publication of WO2000047273A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000047273A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
    • A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
    • A61N1/0428—Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
    • A61N1/0432—Anode and cathode
    • A61N1/044—Shape of the electrode
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
    • A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
    • A61N1/0428—Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
    • A61N1/0432—Anode and cathode
    • A61N1/0436—Material of the electrode
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
    • A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
    • A61N1/0428—Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
    • A61N1/0448—Drug reservoir

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to an electrolytic antiseptic device and, in particular, to an electrolytic therapeutic device comprising a silver-bearing material and at least one metal other than silver, e.g., zinc.
  • the invention also pertains to an antiseptic and therapeutic method of treating tissue through the use of a silver-bearing material and a metal other than silver.
  • Such low voltage antibacterial devices are able to infuse charged molecules, i.e., iontophoresis, as well as uncharged molecules into the body, i.e., electro-osmosis.
  • iontophoresis charged molecules
  • uncharged molecules i.e., electro-osmosis
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,298,017 to Theeuwes et al. describes a iontophoretic process by which drugs are delivered transdermally or transmucosally under the influence of an electrical potential.
  • Iontophoretic devices use two distinct electrodes, with at least one of the electrodes being applied to the body. These devices typically utilize a conventional electric power source, such as a battery, to develop the electric current.
  • the power source is located separately from the device and in some cases the power source is integrated into the device.
  • These devices also rely solely on the creation of a discrete ion pathway incorporating the body or tissue to effect an electromotive force via forms defined by the sequence of a first electrode, tissue and a second electrode.
  • the power source generally provides no therapeutic value itself other than to provide the electric current necessary to drive the iontophoretic or electro-osmotic device to deliver an agent that is different from the electrode metals. Further, if the power supply should fail for any reason, the device is typically rendered useless. Also, where the power source located away from the device, limitations are imposed on patient mobility. Still further, even when the prior art integrates the conventional power source into the device there are limitations. In particular, the prior art makes it clear that the conventional power source must be protected from short circuiting itself. Consequently, great lengths have been taken to insure that the two electrodes are insulated in order to limit the possibility of a short circuit. Further limitations of these devices include high cost due to wires, electrical insulation, battery failure, problems with user compliance, maintenance, and damage.
  • the device of the '094 patent features the use of an external power source connected to the silver-coated nylon anode to generate the electrical potential that drives the silver ions into the body, and so suffers from the limitations of other iontophoretic devices described above.
  • an external power source connected to the silver-coated nylon anode to generate the electrical potential that drives the silver ions into the body, and so suffers from the limitations of other iontophoretic devices described above.
  • One aspect of the present invention is an electrolytic device that comprises a structure having a first surface with a first surface area, a thickness region and a plurality of openings in the thickness region.
  • the plurality of openings is defined by a plurality of inner surfaces that together have an inner surface area, with the plurality of inner surfaces comprising silver.
  • the device also includes a metal-bearing material other than silver that is interspersed throughout at least some of the plurality of openings.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is an electrolytic device that comprises a structure having a first surface with a first surface area, a thickness region and a plurality of openings in the thickness region.
  • the plurality of openings is defined by a plurality of inner surfaces that together have an inner surface area, with the first surface and the plurality of inner surfaces comprising silver.
  • the device also includes a metal-bearing material other than silver that contacts the first surface.
  • Still another aspect of the present invention is an electrolytic device that comprises a first region having a structure having a first surface with a first surface area, a thickness region and a plurality of openings in the thickness region.
  • the plurality of openings is defined by a plurality of inner surfaces that together have an inner surface area, with the plurality of inner surfaces comprising silver.
  • the device also includes a second region comprising a metal-bearing material other than silver. The second region does not touch the first region.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention is a method of administering silver and a metal other than silver to a body.
  • the first step of the method involves providing a porous silver-bearing structure and a metal-bearing material other than silver proximate said structure.
  • the porous silver-bearing structure and the metal-bearing material other than silver is applied to the body so that at least the structure contacts the body and so that no voltage source is connected to the structure and the metal-bearing material.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the electrolytic device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an expanded view of a small portion of the silver bearing layer of the device of FIG. 1 illustrating the porous structure of the silver bearing layer;
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention having a plurality of recesses
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of the device of FIG. 1 , with a barrier layer covering the device;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the device illustrated in FIG. 1 rolled about a central axis so as to form a multilayer cylinder;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a cross section of an embodiment of the present invention where the metal other than silver is separated from the silver bearing layer;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention where the metal other than silver is surrounded by and in contact with the silver bearing material;
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention where the metal other than silver is dispersed within an absorbent material that is covered by a layer of silver bearing material;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention having a first region with a silver bearing material, a second region having a metal other than silver and separated from the first region, and a drug reservoir in at least one of the first and second regions;
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the sponge embodiment of the present invention.
  • electrolytic healing device 20 of the present invention includes, in one embodiment, a porous base layer 22 having a body-contacting surface 24 designed to contact a surface 26 of a body 27 and an opposite surface 28.
  • Surface 26 may be the top surface of skin, the wall of an intra-body cavity, e.g., the vagina, the space between a cheek and gum, or the wall of a deep wound.
  • base layer 22 is made from a liquid permeable, high total surface area material.
  • base layer 22 has within its thickness 29 a plurality of openings 30 that are defined by a plurality of surfaces 32.
  • the surface area of silver layer 34 on all surfaces 32 within thickness 29 plus the surface area of surface 24, referred to herein as the "total surface area" of base layer 22, is equal to at least 1.1 times the surface area of surface 24.
  • the total surface area is preferable.
  • a total surface area of 2 or even higher is desirable.
  • base layer 22 may be used as base layer 22.
  • Silver-coated nylon is an ideal material for base layer 22 as it has a relatively high total surface area, i.e., greater than 1.1.
  • Silver- coated fabrics made from materials other than nylon may also be used, e.g., polypropylene, polyimid and polyethylene.
  • base layer 22 may be made from one or more sheets of silver-coated screen, one or more sheets of silver foil having a plurality of holes or slits formed therein, silver-coated fibers that are spun, compressed or otherwise aggregated to form a layer of material and from a sponge-like material comprising silver.
  • base layer 22 may be made from sheets of polymeric material such as TEFLON®, polypropylene, and polyethylene, with at least the body-contacting surface 24 being coated with silver and with a plurality of openings formed therein on which silver layer 34 is provided.
  • Other high total surface area materials are also encompassed by the present invention, i.e., materials having a total surface area in excess of 1.1 times the area of body-contacting surface 24.
  • a suitable process for applying silver to whichever substrate is chosen is described in U.S. Patent No. 4,241 ,105, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • base layer 22 it is desirable, but not essential, that base layer 22 be constructed of a flexible material so that it may conform to an irregular surface 26 of body 27.
  • openings 30 may have a circuitous path, as indicated by opening 30a, may extend vertically entirely through base layer 22, as indicated by openings 30b, may extend horizontally, as indicated by openings 30c, or may extend only partially through the base layer, as indicated by openings 30d. Openings 30 may have a regular configuration, as illustrated in FIG. 1 , or an irregular configuration. Thus, the relative size and configuration of openings 30 is a schematic, not an absolute, depiction of the openings. In any event, openings 30 provide a pathway, either direct or circuitous, from opposite surface 28, through thickness 29, to body- contacting surface 24.
  • Electrolytic healing device 20 also includes a metal 40, which is a metal other than silver, that contacts base layer 22.
  • metal 40 is a metal other than silver, that contacts base layer 22.
  • metal 40 as well as the terms “metal 140,”
  • metal 240 metal 340
  • metal 440 metal 440
  • Metal 40 is preferably zinc oxide, but aluminum, cobalt, copper, gold, iron, magnesium, platinum, titanium and elemental zinc may also be used.
  • metal 40 may comprise compounds providing free dissolution of metal ions, such as zinc gluconate, zinc acetate, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc propionate.
  • metal 40 may be made from a material that physically dissociates when exposed to moisture, e.g., a compressed powder with a water-soluble binder. Metal 40 is preferably provided as a powder having a mean particle size ranging from 0.5 to 400 ⁇ m. Alternatively, metal 40 may be provided in a matrix, e.g., as zinc oxide cream, as fibers, shreds, filaments, granules, or as pastes and plasters.
  • metal 40 be provided in a form that will allow it to penetrate into openings 30 so as to be interspersed within at least a portion of thickness 29 of base layer 22, preferably including at body-contacting layer 24. Or considered alternatively, openings 30 should be sized so as to allow metal 40 to penetrate and become interspersed within the openings. As described in more detail below, when device 20 is hydrated with moisture, metal 40 reacts with silver layer 34 to create a galvanic electric potential that dissociates silver ions and ions of metal 40 from the device for delivery into tissue of body 27 that device 20 contacts.
  • Recesses 48 may have an elongate, substantially straight configuration, as shown, or may have a curved, discontinuous or other configuration.
  • barrier layer 60 (FIGS. 3 and 4) covering metal 40 and base layer 20.
  • barrier layer 60 is sized to extend beyond the outer margins of device 20, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, so that it contacts surface 26 of body 27.
  • Barrier layer 60 may be secured with a suitable adhesive 64 applied to the inner surface of the barrier layer, with adhesive strips (not shown) or by other means.
  • Barrier layer 60 is preferably liquid impervious, although may be constructed of materials that permit the transfer of water vapor.
  • Suitable materials for barrier layer 60 are sheets of hydrophobic material that include, but are not limited to, polyisobutylenes, polyethylene, polyisoprenes and polyalkenes, rubbers, copolymers such as KRATON®, polyvinylacetate, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, polyamides such as nylons, polyurethanes, polyvinylchloride, acrylic or methacrylic resins such as polymers or esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid with alcohols such as n-butanol, 1 -methyl pentanol, 2-methyl pentanol, 3-methyl pentanol, 2-ethyl butanol, isooctanol, n-decanol, alone or copolymerized with ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as acrylic acid, emthacrylic acid, acrylamide, methancrylamide, N- alkoxymethyl acrylamides, N-alkoxymethyl methacrylamides,
  • barrier layer 60 includes a port 62 through which moisture may be introduced to the region enclosed by the barrier layer, i.e., into metal 40 and base layer 22. If desired, a valve (not shown) and/or tube (not shown) may be coupled with port 62.
  • device 20 may have a wide range of substantially planar configurations, including a rectangular, circular and other irregular geometric configuration. Also, device 20 may be rolled up around a central axis to form a multilayer cylinder 70, as illustrated in FIG. 5. In addition, device 20 may be a thread-like structure such as floss or suture (neither shown) made from a single filament or a plurality of fibers woven or otherwise combined to form the thread-like structure. Other configurations for device 20 are also encompassed by the present invention.
  • an electrolytic device 120 having an outer layer 122 made from a porous silver-bearing material.
  • Outer layer 122 may be made from the same materials as base layer 22, as described above. However, it is not essential that outer layer 122 be made from a high total surface area material unless a compact arrangement is desired.
  • outer layer 122 may be made from porous sheet material, such as porous foil, screen, meshes, and other sheets of porous polymeric material and aggregates or matrices of metal-bearing material.
  • Device 120 also includes absorbent material 124 that is at least partially, and preferably totally, surrounded by outer layer 122.
  • Absorbent material 124 may be made from cotton, rayon, polyimids and other absorbent materials.
  • a metal 140 other than silver Disposed within absorbent material 124 is a metal 140 other than silver.
  • Metal 140 is preferably totally surrounded by absorbent material 124, but in some cases it may be desirable to only partially surround the metal with the absorbent layer.
  • metal 140 preferably is preferably zinc oxide, but aluminum, cobalt, copper, gold, iron, magnesium, platinum and elemental zinc oxide and the like may also be used.
  • Absorbent material 124 is sized or otherwise constructed so that metal 140 does not contact outer layer 122.
  • Metal 140 is preferably, but not necessarily, provided in a state whereby it will physically dissociate when exposed to moisture.
  • Metal 140 may be formed as a structure of varying configurations, e.g., tablet, cylinder or cube, and may be made from pressed powder or other structures, or may be loose powder, granules, nuggets, strips and structures of other configuration.
  • Other metal-bearing materials of the type disclosed in U.S. Patents No. 5,208,03 1 to elley and 4,762,715 to Lukas may also be used.
  • yet another embodiment of the present invention is a device 220 having an outer layer 222 made from a porous silver-bearing material.
  • Outer layer 222 may be made from the same materials as base layer 22, as described above. However, as with outer layer 122, it is not essential that outer layer 222 be made from a high total surface area material.
  • outer layer 222 may be made from porous sheet material, such as porous foil, sheets of porous polymeric material and other materials used for the electrodes in U.S. Patent No. 5,298,017.
  • Outer layer 222 is formed so as to include an interior cavity 224 in which a metal 240 other than silver is encapsulated.
  • Device 220 may have various configurations.
  • outer layer 222 is a flexible sheet of material that is folded over itself and then stitched along line 246 so as to form interior cavity 224 in which metal 240 is disposed.
  • a retrieval cord 248 may be attached to device 220 to facilitate removal of the device from the region of body 27 in which it is positioned.
  • device 220 may have an elongate configuration with an integral "tail" that may be used to retrieve the device from the body cavity where it is inserted.
  • yet another embodiment of the present invention is device 320.
  • the latter is similar to device 120 in that it includes outer layer 322 that is identical to outer layer 122, and it includes absorbent material 324 that is identical to absorbent material 124.
  • Device 320 differs from device 120 in that it includes metal 340 which is distributed throughout at least a portion of the absorbent material, and at least some of metal 340 contacts outer layer 322.
  • Metal 340 is preferably provided in powder or other particulate form, although it may also be provided in fiber, wire or other configuration.
  • Device 320 may have a variety of configurations, one of which is the tampon configuration illustrated in FIG. 8.
  • device 320 When configured as a tampon or other structure to be inserted into a body cavity, it is desirable to attach a retrieval cord 348 to device 320.
  • device 320 may have an elongate configuration with an integral "tail" that may be used to retrieve the device from the body cavity where it is inserted.
  • device 420 includes a first region 421 in which a high total surface area silver-bearing material 422 is disposed.
  • Material 422 may comprise any of the materials used for base layer 22, as described above.
  • First region 421 is constructed so that material 422 includes a body-contacting surface 424, whereby material 422 directly contacts surface 26 of body 27.
  • Device 420 also includes a second region 438 in which metal 440 is disposed.
  • Metal 440 may comprise any of the materials used as metal 40 or 140, as described above.
  • Second region 438 is constructed so that metal 440 includes a body-contacting surface 442, whereby metal 440 directly contacts surface 26 of body 27.
  • Device 420 includes a housing 450 for supporting and containing material 422 in first region 421 and metal 440 in second region 438.
  • Housing 450 is constructed so that first region 421 is positioned proximate to, but is spaced from, second region 438.
  • housing 450 may be constructed to function as a barrier layer that blocks the passage of fluid, although may optionally permit the passage of moisture or water vapor.
  • Use of semi-permeable membranes for housing 450 also referred to as porous occlusive films, permit the region enclosed by the housing to "breathe,” yet provide suitable microbial and liquid occlusion. Materials suitable for barrier layer 60, as described above, may also be used for housing 450.
  • housing 450 may include openings (not shown) above first region 421 and second region 438 via which, among other things, moisture may be added to the regions.
  • Device 420 may be constructed so that first region 421 includes a drug reservoir 460 and second region 438 includes a drug reservoir 462. If desired, only one of first region 421 and second region 438 includes, respectively, drug reservoirs 460 and 462.
  • Drug reservoirs 460 and 462 are designed to contain drugs other than silver and metal 440, respectively. In this regard, a wide range of drugs and agents may be contained in reservoirs 460 and 462, including the range of drugs and agents described in U.S. Patent No. 5,298,017. However, it is generally preferred that if polar, i.e., charged, drugs are used, positively charged drugs are provided in reservoir 460 and negatively charged drugs are provided in reservoir 462.
  • Device 520 includes a first layer 522 made from a sponge material such as hydrophilic foams, cellulose, gauze, cotton, polyimids, sponge rubber and natural sponge.
  • First layer 522 includes bottom surface 524 and a top surface 528.
  • a plurality of openings 530 defined by inner surfaces 532 are provided in first layer 522. At least inner surfaces 532, and preferably bottom surface 524, comprise silver coated on, or integrated with, the inner surfaces and bottom surface.
  • Device 520 also includes a second layer 538 made from an abrasive material such as copper or steel wool, or conventional abrasive layers used on kitchen sponges of the type identified by the mark SCOTTY®.
  • Second layer 538 contains metal 540, which is a metal other than silver.
  • metal 540 is copper, although other suitable materials include aluminum, gold, iron, magnesium, platinum and zinc.
  • Metal 540 may be provided in the forms described above for metal 40, but may also be provided in sheet form. Metal 540 may be distributed throughout the interior of first layer 522. Also, metal layer 540 may also be embedded as a discrete structure or structures at various locations within first layer 522. Second layer 538 is adhered to top surface 528 of first layer 522.
  • Still another embodiment of the present invention is a composition
  • a composition comprising pieces of silver and pieces of metal 40 interspersed within a viscous matrix such as hydrogenated coconut oil, hemp seed oil, olive oil, beeswax, candella wax, petroleum jelly.
  • the composition may be used in a variety of applications, including as lipstick, lip balm, sunscreen or other plasters or salves.
  • the silver is preferably in fine chopped strand form, and may be provided as fibers, slivers, granules, powder and/or other particulate form. It is preferred that the materials used for base layer 22, described above, be subjected to suitable mechanical, chemical or other treatment so as to create particulates having the configuration described above. However, in some cases it may be desirable to use silver powder.
  • Metal 40 is provided in one or more of the various forms used in device 20 as described above. Furthermore, metal 40 may comprise any of the metals used in device 20, as described above.
  • device 20 the treatment of a large variety of pathologies may be encouraged through the use of the device, including without limitation, cuts, incisions (including surgical incisions), abrasions, lacerations, fractures, contusions, burns, amputations and edema.
  • the device may be used hold and to deliver drugs or agents other than those created by the electrode metals to affect systemic dosages to the body.
  • device 20 may be used for tissue replacement, where the cells of some body tissues produce more cells of their own kind to replace missing portions.
  • device 20 may be used for tissue regeneration, where portions of, or even entire, limbs, internal organs and other portions of the body are regrown.
  • silver ions provided by device 20 in the manner discussed below have significant antibacterial and antifungal effects.
  • silver is a well-known antibiotic.
  • silver has demonstrated antiviral effects.
  • ions from metal 40 which are provided in the manner discussed below, provide, in the case of zinc, therapeutic benefits including, but not limited to, control of viruses and autolytic debridement of wounds and scar tissue.
  • Zinc is necessary for a wide variety of metabolic processes, including the synthesis as well as the degradation of nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
  • the high prevalence of zinc in mammal tissue speaks to its importance and role as a nutrient.
  • trace minerals from metals such as copper also affect tissue function.
  • a suitable liquid such as water, saline solution and solution or lactated saline solution (Ringer's Solution).
  • the activating liquid can also comprise drugs or agents for therapeutic effects or to retain moisture such as sugar, or to provide nutrition directly to tissue, such as fetal calf serum.
  • device 20 is intended for use in a moist environment, i.e., where substantial blood, saliva, sweat or other liquid is present, application of liquid prior to bringing the device into contact with the body may not be necessary.
  • device 20 includes a port 62, liquid may be added after application.
  • barrier layer 60 liquid may be added after base layer 22 and metal 40 are brought into contact with body 27, but before barrier layer 60 is applied.
  • Device 20 is applied to body 27 so that its body-contacting surface 24 contacts surface 26 of the body. Once activated by the addition of liquid, surfaces 32 coated with silver 34 begins generating silver ions. These ions travel into body 27 by virtue of a galvanic electric potential created between base layer 22, which functions as one electrode, and metal 40, which functions as the other electrode, and the electrolysis resulting from the potential. Because the base layer 22 and metal 40 are to touch, the galvanic electrical potential results in active dispersion of electrode metal from both the base layer and the metal, causing a high concentration of free metal ions to be maintained in the liquid added to device 20. A useful galvanic coupling of the short-circuited electrodes
  • body 27 that provides ion migration transport via surface 26 into the body.
  • the high concentration of ions about device 20 enables osmosis, or oligodynamic transport, to cany metal ions into the body.
  • base layer 22 By providing base layer 22 with a total surface area, as defined above, that is more than
  • Ions from metal 40 e.g., zinc ions
  • Ions from metal 40 are also generated when device 20 is activated by the addition of moisture. These ions are generated by the galvanic electric potential generated between metal 40 and base layer 22. It is thought that liquid from device 20, when metal 40 is zinc oxide, will contain zinc ions at concentrations of 10 to 500 parts per million.
  • the operation of such device proceeds substantially as described above. It is the environment in body 27 that the multi-layer cylinder is intended to be inserted that differentiates it from the single-layer versions of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1-4.
  • the multi-layer cylinder version of device 20 is adapted for insertion in body cavities such as a nostril, the vagina and ear, deep wound, fistula, or between body structures such as the gum and the inner wall of the cheek.
  • device 120 illustrated in FIG. 6 differs from all other embodiments of the invention, except device 520, in that the silver-bearing material in outer layer 122 is separated from metal 140 by absorbent material 124.
  • electrolytic interaction of the metal 140 causes a high rate of positive ionic release from the outer layer 122 that 1 ) increases the cidal effect by raising the concentration of silver ions in the contacting solution, 2) acts as a cleaning catalyst getting organic material to leave the surface or breaking chemical bonds, 3) delivers weak
  • Device 120 functions by interaction of metal 140 with outer layer 122 by galvanic coupling upon wetting of the whole device. Electrolytic dispersion of silver ions from 122 occurs into the liquid present in both in layer 122 and absorbent material 124. Although the voltage gradient formed encourages silver ions from outer layer 122 to migrate away from metal 140, nevertheless silver ions are transported into absorbent material 124 and against metal 140 by hydraulic action during use. These positive ions then will migrate away from metal 140 when liquid flow ceases, whereby the flux increases the permeation of ions throughout device 120 in a self sterilizing effect.
  • outer layer 122 and metal 140 also exerts a killing effect on microbes after silver ions have been expelled outward from device 120.
  • Outer layer 122 provides a contiguous positive electric potential that repels organic compounds, and has a catalytic self-cleaning action that aggressively binds oxygen with free silver ions (not shown) and breaks hydrogen and sulphuric bonds in organic compounds.
  • the separation of outer layer 122 and metal 140 is desirable in this embodiment as it insures a relatively even voltage gradient inside device 120 and upon the exterior of outer layer 122, thereby assuring that all portions of the device operate at similar voltage and current levels.
  • Device 120 is designed for use on a surface 26 of body 27, and also in body cavities and regions of the type described above with respect of the multi-layer roll of FIG. 5.
  • device 120 may have a wide range of configurations including without limitation cylindrical, cubic and spherical. Device may also be used in applications such as those described below in regard to device 520.
  • this embodiment of the invention is intended for use in body cavities and regions such as those discussed above with respect to device 120. Because the silver-bearing material of outer layer 222 is in direct contact with metal 240, electrolytic dissociation of metal ions from both the outer layer (one electrode) and the metal (the other electrode) occurs and galvanic coupling of the short circuited electrode pair occurs to body 27. causing a dispersion of weak electrical fields about, and from, device 220. This results in the delivery of metallic ions in a therapeutic concentration. The concentration of metal ions is predisposed to remain constant for a period of time until the available metal of the electrode materials is substantially diminished.
  • device 320 illustrated in FIG. 8, this device is designed for insertion in the same body cavities and regions as those described above with respect to device 120.
  • the operation of device 320 is substantially identical to the operation of device 20, as described above.
  • Device 420 is designed for use on a surface 26 of body 27, as described above with respect to device 20.
  • the spaced placement of first region 421 (the anode) and second ⁇ region 438, (the cathode) create an ion pathway (indicated by arrows in FIG. 9) through the body 27 to deliver drugs or agents created by these regions or that are held in reservoirs 460 and 462.
  • hydroxl (OH) and hydrogen (H) are produced
  • first region 421 (the anode) and chlorine (Cl) are produced.
  • the chlorine is an acid that further promotes dissociation of silver ions from the anode material.
  • Device 520 differs in its intended application from the other devices of the present invention in that in addition to being usable for wound therapy, or it may also be used as a surface cleaning device not designed for wound healing.
  • the silver and metal 540 are provided principally for their antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties.
  • a typical application for device 520 is as a kitchen sponge used for dishwashing, counter cleanup and other routine kitchen clean up tasks.
  • the device can be used in hospitals, operating rooms, field medical kits, restaurants, laboratories, or in situations that require cleaning of potential pathogens from surfaces, such as on farms, or in bioweapon theaters of engagement.
  • device 520 can be used as a mass compress dressing for wound hemostasis, high absorption of liquids, and safe control of microbes. Because of the radio opaque nature of metals, a further use is as a non-toxic surgical sponge that can be detected by X rays to avoid accidental loss in the body. Yet another application of device 520 is as a feminine napkin.
  • An important advantage of all embodiments of the present invention is that they provide therapeutic and/or antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties without the need for an external power source. This reduces the cost of devices, simplifies uses and enhances reliability.
  • the present invention typically provides a higher concentration of silver ions than known devices. This is achieved through use of high total surface area materials in combination with dissimilar metals such as zinc.
  • the present invention also offers optional delivery of the non-silver metal as well as other drugs and agents.

Abstract

Un dispositif électrolytique (20) comprend une structure (22) présentant une première surface (24) ayant une première aire de surface, une région d'épaisseur (29) ainsi qu'une pluralité d'ouvertures (30) situées dans la région d'épaisseur. La pluralité d'ouvertures (30) est définie par une pluralité de surfaces intérieures (34) ayant ensemble une aire de surface intérieure. La pluralité de surfaces intérieures renferme de l'argent. Un matériau (40) porteur de métal autre que l'argent est entremêlé dans au moins une partie de la pluralité d'ouvertures.
PCT/US2000/003304 1999-02-09 2000-02-09 Dispositif electrolytique WO2000047273A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000598222A JP2002536132A (ja) 1999-02-09 2000-02-09 電気分解装置
AU38569/00A AU3856900A (en) 1999-02-09 2000-02-09 Electrolytic device
EP00917619A EP1159028A4 (fr) 1999-02-09 2000-02-09 Dispositif electrolytique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11934699P 1999-02-09 1999-02-09
US60/119,346 1999-02-09

Publications (1)

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WO2000047273A1 true WO2000047273A1 (fr) 2000-08-17

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PCT/US2000/003304 WO2000047273A1 (fr) 1999-02-09 2000-02-09 Dispositif electrolytique

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EP (1) EP1159028A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002536132A (fr)
AU (1) AU3856900A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000047273A1 (fr)

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US8771323B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2014-07-08 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implant and systems that controllably releases silver
US8927004B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2015-01-06 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bioabsorbable substrates and systems that controllably release antimicrobial metal ions
US9114197B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2015-08-25 Silver Bullett Therapeutics, Inc. Coatings for the controllable release of antimicrobial metal ions
US9452242B2 (en) 2014-06-11 2016-09-27 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Enhancement of antimicrobial silver, silver coatings, or silver platings
US9821094B2 (en) 2014-06-11 2017-11-21 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Coatings for the controllable release of antimicrobial metal ions
US10265435B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2019-04-23 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implant and systems and coatings for the controllable release of antimicrobial metal ions

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JP5102749B2 (ja) * 2008-01-10 2012-12-19 荒城 慶作 口腔洗滌イオン水

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US9889284B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2018-02-13 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implant and systems that controllably releases silver
US11925723B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2024-03-12 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implant and systems and coatings for the controllable release of antimicrobial metal ions
US11224471B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2022-01-18 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implants for the treatment of infection
US11020508B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2021-06-01 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implant and systems and coatings for the controllable release of antimicrobial metal ions
US8221396B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2012-07-17 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implants for the treatment of infection
US10368929B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2019-08-06 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implants for the treatment of infection
US9248254B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2016-02-02 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implants for the treatment of infection
US10265435B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2019-04-23 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implant and systems and coatings for the controllable release of antimicrobial metal ions
US10004548B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2018-06-26 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implants for the treatment of infection
US9108051B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2015-08-18 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implant and systems that controllably releases silver
US9789298B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2017-10-17 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implant and systems that controllably releases silver
US8771323B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2014-07-08 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bone implant and systems that controllably releases silver
US9821094B2 (en) 2014-06-11 2017-11-21 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Coatings for the controllable release of antimicrobial metal ions
US9452242B2 (en) 2014-06-11 2016-09-27 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Enhancement of antimicrobial silver, silver coatings, or silver platings
US9114197B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2015-08-25 Silver Bullett Therapeutics, Inc. Coatings for the controllable release of antimicrobial metal ions
US8999367B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2015-04-07 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bioabsorbable substrates and systems that controllably release antimicrobial metal ions
US8927004B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2015-01-06 Silver Bullet Therapeutics, Inc. Bioabsorbable substrates and systems that controllably release antimicrobial metal ions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3856900A (en) 2000-08-29
JP2002536132A (ja) 2002-10-29
EP1159028A4 (fr) 2008-12-31
EP1159028A1 (fr) 2001-12-05

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