WO2000035574A1 - Reactor module with contact tube bundle - Google Patents
Reactor module with contact tube bundle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000035574A1 WO2000035574A1 PCT/EP1999/009971 EP9909971W WO0035574A1 WO 2000035574 A1 WO2000035574 A1 WO 2000035574A1 EP 9909971 W EP9909971 W EP 9909971W WO 0035574 A1 WO0035574 A1 WO 0035574A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- heat exchange
- exchange medium
- reactor module
- prechamber
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/2425—Tubular reactors in parallel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/0058—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having different orientations to each other or crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects
- B01J2219/0002—Plants assembled from modules joined together
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
- B01J2219/00094—Jackets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
- B01J2219/00103—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor in a heat exchanger separate from the reactor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a reactor module with a contact tube bundle, a reactor made up of two or more reactor modules arranged in a row, and the use of a reactor module or a reactor for carrying out oxidation reactions.
- the usual design of generic reactors consists of a, usually cylindrical, container in which a bundle, i.e. a plurality of contact tubes is usually arranged in a vertical arrangement.
- These contact tubes which may contain supported catalysts, are sealed with their ends in tube sheets and each open into a hood connected to the container at the upper or lower end.
- the reaction mixture flowing through the catalyst tubes is supplied or discharged via these hoods.
- a heat exchange medium circuit is passed through the space surrounding the contact tubes in order to balance the heat balance, in particular in the case of reactions with a strong exotherm.
- reactors with the largest possible number of contact tubes are used, the number of contact tubes accommodated often being in the range from 10,000 to 40,000 (cf. DE-A-44 31 949).
- the cylindrical reactor geometry has the disadvantage that, in particular in the technologically particularly advantageous crossflow of the heat exchange medium to the contact tubes from an area outside the contact tubes to the contact tube-free interior of the reactor, the radially inwardly decreasing cross-sectional area does not allow the full coolant flow to the inside of the contact tube bundle. Rather, coolant must be removed axially through bores in the baffle plates in order to keep the pressure loss and thus the pump output within acceptable limits.
- the object of the invention is to provide a reactor whose capacity can be adapted to the requirements of the individual case.
- the solution is based on a reactor module with a contact tube bundle, through the space surrounding the contact tubes of which a heat exchange medium circuit is led with supply and discharge lines at both ends of the reactor module with jacket openings for the supply and discharge of a heat exchange medium in cross flow to the contact tubes by means of a or several pumps, if necessary by transferring the heat exchange medium or a partial flow of the heat exchange medium via one or more external heat exchangers, the heat exchange medium being fed to the lower line and being returned to the pump (s) via the upper line.
- the solution is then characterized in that the reactor module has a rectangular cross section.
- a hood delimiting a pressurized gas space can also be designed in a semi-cylindrical geometry, as used for both sides of a container with a rectangular cross-section is necessary.
- Contact tube-free spaces are preferably arranged in the reactor space on two opposite reactor side surfaces parallel to the contact tubes, which preferably extend over the entire reactor height, and one or more baffle plates which alternately leave average cross sections in the contact tube-free spaces.
- the contact tube-free spaces are preferably arranged on the two wide reactor side surfaces.
- a ratio of 1: 1 to 10: 1 is advantageous, preferably from 3: 1 to 6: 1, particularly preferably from 5: 1. Relative values of 1.5 m to 7 m are preferred for the reactor height.
- An odd number of deflection plates is preferably provided; this means that the heat exchange medium is supplied and removed on the same side of the reactor module. 1, 3 or 5 deflection plates are particularly preferably provided.
- a particularly space-saving arrangement is thus achieved.
- Different heat profiles may be required due to the course of the reaction; an adaptation to the requirements of the individual case is possible in that the heat exchange medium flow is adapted by means of one or more bypasses through the deflection plates in their tube-free areas, with fixed or controllable through openings.
- a particularly preferred embodiment variant is a reactor module with intermediate walls in the supply and discharge lines, which each form a lower outer prechamber and a lower inner prechamber in the feed line and an upper outer prechamber and an upper inner prechamber in the discharge line.
- the heat exchange medium becomes the lower outer prechamber, via an area between the supply line and the discharge line of the upper inner prechamber, via its jacket opening to the reactor chamber surrounding the contact tubes, then via a jacket opening of the lower inner antechamber, via the area between the supply and discharge lines of the upper outer chamber and finally returned via the discharge line to the pump (s).
- an adaptation to the respectively required temperature profile can be achieved by an outer chamber adjacent to the wide reactor side assigned to the contact tube-free space with openings to the reactor space surrounding the contact tube bundle and with fixed or controllable through openings for the heat exchange medium in the outer chamber.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment provides for a pipe division, according to which the contact tubes of the contact tube bundle are arranged in rows which are offset with respect to one another, the ratio of the tube distance s q transversely to the direction of flow through the heat exchange medium to the tube distance s longitudinally to the direction of flow through the heat exchange medium preferably being greater than or equal to 2 • V3, particularly preferably equal to 2 • 3.
- Such a tube arrangement opposes the inflowing heat exchange medium with a lower resistance; the pressure loss is correspondingly lower with a higher heat transfer coefficient.
- the invention also relates to a reactor which is constructed from two or more reactor modules arranged in a row in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the contact tube and on the narrow side surfaces.
- Such reactors are characterized through a flexible capacity that can be adapted to the specific requirements.
- the semi-cylindrical hoods that close the gas space can be extended to one of their flat side surfaces, which are provided with through openings accordingly. An upper limit for the capacity of reactors is thus lifted.
- the heat exchange medium circuit can be used for the removal as well as the supply of heat from or to the reaction mixture flowing through the contact tubes; the reactor module according to the invention or the reactor according to the invention can thus be used for both exothermic and endothermic reactions. They are particularly suitable for carrying out oxidation reactors, in particular for the preparation of phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, glyoxal, (meth) acrolein or (meth) acrylic acid.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a reactor module according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a reactor module according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a preferred embodiment of a reactor module according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a further preferred embodiment of a reactor module according to the invention
- Figure 5 shows a preferred arrangement of the contact tubes
- FIG. 6 shows a reactor constructed by way of example from three reactor modules.
- Figure 1 shows a reactor module 1 with a rectangular cross section with a vertical contact tube bundle 2, with feed line 3 and discharge line 4 for the heat exchange medium and with jacket openings 5, 6 to the reactor module 1.
- On the opposite wide side surfaces of the reactor module there are contact tube-free spaces 7, 8 for Distributing or collecting the heat exchange medium provided.
- the baffles 9 cause fflef '-shaped guide the heat exchange medium.
- the gas or gas mixture G is introduced into the gas inlet space 21, flows through the contact tubes 2 and is then discharged via the gas outlet collector 22. Pumps P and heat exchanger W are arranged on the same wide side of the reactor module 1.
- bypasses for the flow of heat exchange medium are additionally shown in the baffle plates 9, in their contact tube-free regions, which open controllable through openings 10 or through openings 11 for the heat exchange medium.
- FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a preferred embodiment variant, with direct current flow of heat exchange medium and gas mixture G.
- a lower outer prechamber 13, a lower inner prechamber 14 and an upper outer prechamber 15 are provided by means of partition walls 12 in the supply and discharge lines 3, 4 and an upper inner prechamber 16 is formed.
- the heat exchange medium is then fed from the feed line 3 into the lower outer prechamber 13, via a region between the feed and discharge lines 3, 4 of the upper inner prechamber 16, via the jacket opening 5 to the space surrounding the contact tubes and then via the jacket opening 6 , the lower inner prechamber 14, an area between the supply and discharge lines 3, 4 and the upper outer prechamber 15 to the pump (s).
- an outer chamber 17 can be arranged on the divided antechambers 13 to 16 opposite the wide reactor outside, with openings 18, 19 to the reactor module or to the space 8 free of contact tubes or adjustable passage openings 20 can be set.
- one or more heat exchangers W are arranged on the wide side of the reactor module 1 opposite the pump (s), via which partial flows of the heat exchange medium are conducted out of the contact tube-free space 8.
- Figure 5 shows a cross section through a reactor module with a particularly favorable
- Pipe arrangement The pipes are then arranged in rows offset from one another, the sealing distance s q transverse to the flow direction through the heat exchange medium to the pipe distance si longitudinal to the flow direction through the
- Heat transfer media are in a ratio of 2 • V3.
- the pipe distance s_ diagonally to the flow direction through the heat exchange medium is smaller than the pipe distance s q .
- FIG. 6 shows an example of a reactor constructed by lining up three reactor modules 1. All pumps P and heat exchanger W are arranged on the same side of the reactor modules in a space-saving manner.
- the invention ensures a constant flow of heat exchange medium over the reactor cross section. As a result, a uniform heat transfer coefficient to the reaction mixture flowing through the contact tubes and thus advantageous reaction control are achieved.
- the design according to the invention reduces the pressure loss by up to half compared to conventional designs. This improves economy, since lower pump capacities or higher amounts of heat exchange medium are possible.
- a further reduction in pressure loss is achieved through the particularly favorable, offset pipe division with the narrowest cross-section in the diagonal to the flow direction through the heat exchange medium.
- Another advantage of the device according to the invention is its modular design, that is to say that reactors with any capacity can be made available by stringing together a corresponding number of reactor modules.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000587881A JP2002532224A (en) | 1998-12-15 | 1999-12-15 | Reactor module with catalyst tube nest |
EP99965470A EP1148940A1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 1999-12-15 | Reactor module with contact tube bundle |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19857842.3 | 1998-12-15 | ||
DE1998157842 DE19857842A1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 1998-12-15 | Reactor module with a contact tube bundle |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000035574A1 true WO2000035574A1 (en) | 2000-06-22 |
Family
ID=7891160
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1999/009971 WO2000035574A1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 1999-12-15 | Reactor module with contact tube bundle |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1148940A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002532224A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1330571A (en) |
DE (1) | DE19857842A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000035574A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6624315B2 (en) | 2000-01-10 | 2003-09-23 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method of gas phase catalytic oxidation to give maleic acid anhydride |
US7438871B2 (en) | 2002-07-10 | 2008-10-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Catalytic oxidation reactor with enhanced heat exchanging system |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1246788B1 (en) * | 2000-01-10 | 2004-05-12 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for catalytic gas phase oxidation to produce phthalic acid anhydride |
DE10127365A1 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2002-12-12 | Basf Ag | Pump, used for conveying heat transfer medium, comprises housing containing guide pipe and having opening in its lower part, via which heat transfer medium removed from lower region of reactor flows into housing |
CN1708350A (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2005-12-14 | 曼德韦有限公司 | Jacketed tube reactor comprising a bypass line for the heat transfer medium |
CN102759298A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-10-31 | 西安交通大学 | Arrangement mode of heat exchanger tube bundles |
CN112090388B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江大学 | Continuous flow reactor and application thereof in chemical reaction and synthesis |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2120538A (en) * | 1920-10-22 | 1938-06-14 | American Cyanamid & Chem Corp | Process of oxidizing naphthalene to phthalic anhydride |
FR1136370A (en) * | 1954-11-05 | 1957-05-13 | Combustion Eng | Improvements made to devices for transmitting heat from one gas to another through metal walls |
US3850232A (en) * | 1972-02-16 | 1974-11-26 | Deggendorfer Werft Eisenbau | Reactor cooling system with an evaporation tank |
-
1998
- 1998-12-15 DE DE1998157842 patent/DE19857842A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-12-15 JP JP2000587881A patent/JP2002532224A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-12-15 CN CN 99814474 patent/CN1330571A/en active Pending
- 1999-12-15 WO PCT/EP1999/009971 patent/WO2000035574A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-15 EP EP99965470A patent/EP1148940A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2120538A (en) * | 1920-10-22 | 1938-06-14 | American Cyanamid & Chem Corp | Process of oxidizing naphthalene to phthalic anhydride |
FR1136370A (en) * | 1954-11-05 | 1957-05-13 | Combustion Eng | Improvements made to devices for transmitting heat from one gas to another through metal walls |
US3850232A (en) * | 1972-02-16 | 1974-11-26 | Deggendorfer Werft Eisenbau | Reactor cooling system with an evaporation tank |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6624315B2 (en) | 2000-01-10 | 2003-09-23 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method of gas phase catalytic oxidation to give maleic acid anhydride |
US7438871B2 (en) | 2002-07-10 | 2008-10-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Catalytic oxidation reactor with enhanced heat exchanging system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19857842A1 (en) | 2000-06-21 |
EP1148940A1 (en) | 2001-10-31 |
JP2002532224A (en) | 2002-10-02 |
CN1330571A (en) | 2002-01-09 |
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