WO2000033637A1

WO2000033637A1 - Pneumatic harvesting machine

Info

Publication number: WO2000033637A1
Application number: PCT/TR1999/000054
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ibrahim YAVAŞCA
Original assignee: Yavasca Ibrahim
Priority date: 1998-12-09
Filing date: 1999-12-09
Publication date: 2000-06-15
Also published as: TR200101553T2; AU1595100A

Abstract

The harvest of different crops are realized by the use of stowage unit (31) and cyclone, where the stowage unit (31) is being preferably used in the harvesting of cotton, olives and the rose leave. Preferably crusted crops like almonds-walnuts together with the grains and large beans that are stored in open or closed areas are being collected by clearing them from dust, soil and rubbish. The pneumatic harvesting machine stores the grain crops on the trees, and those which have fallen onto the ground by clearing them from the dust, soil and rubbish; without damaging the body and the branches of the tree, and without damaging the crops, and by selecting them according to their sizes. No maneuvering area is needed for the operation of the harvesting machine in the field, and the movement and the turning maneuver of the tractor (1) is sufficient for the operation of the harvesting machine.

Description

PNEUMATIC HARVESTING MACHINE

This invention is related to a harvesting machine that harvests the crops on the trees, under the trees and on the plant and provides the separation of them from their crusts/covers and dust, soil and rubbish, and which works pneumatically.

In the known applications, the harvesting machines used in cotton harvesting generally work with a shuttle system. In the shuttle system, the cotton is being harvested, by winding it onto a shuttle on the machine. In the winding process, the cotton fiber is being damaged and while the cotton collected on the shuttle is being pushed to the bin of the machine, this cause the breakage of the kernel and this adversely affects the quality of the cotton. Apart from this, this system also disturbs the quality in the ginning of the crops, in other words the separating of the fibers from the kernels. This harvesting machine is a big machine having a complicated structure, and having an engine. A wide area is needed for the operation of this machine. In this technique, the whole opening of all cotton cocoons in the field is necessary and all of the cotton plants are needed to be sprayed by chemical means and the separation of leaves and unopened cocoons from the plants are needed. Such operation brings in additional costs and is also hazardous to the environment. In addition to this, complete harvesting cannot be made since the period needed for the opening of all cocoons in those regions which do not take place in the extreme hot climate belts, to coincide with the seasons when the rainfalls start. Apart form this, since the high soil level lumped on the plant root is sensed by the optical system present on the harvesting machine, the shuttles do harvest from a higher level and the cotton cocoons at the lowest level remain on field without being harvested and this causes damage.

Another known application is the olive harvesting machine. Providing of some conditions are necessary for being able to use the harvesting machine on the harvesting of olives. This machine can also efficiently be used on nurseries grown up with short pruning technique and located on flat area. The harvesting machine cannot work with the required efficiency on sloped areas and in nurseries where the plantation is dense. The harvesting machine works on the principle of the embracement the hydraulic arm to the body of the three and to shake violently the tree and to collect the olives that fall down due to this shaking. However, this technique gives harm to the body and to the branches of the tree. Apart from this, an 80 HP, four-wheel driven tractor is needed for the operation of the mentioned harvesting machine.

The purpose of this innovation, is to provide the increase of the harvest quality by shortening the harvest period and by lowering the costs of harvesting of various plants by the use of a pneumatic harvesting machine that can be mounted on a tractor and that works pneumatically.

The pneumatic harvesting machine that is realized for reaching the purpose of this innovation is schematized in the enclosed figures, and these figures are;

Figure 1- The front view of the pneumatic harvesting machine.

Figure 2- The top view of the pneumatic harvesting machine.

Figure 3- The rear view of the pneumatic harvesting machine.

Figure 4- The side view of the stowage section.

Figure 5- The front view of vacuum chamber with holes and with buffle.

Figure 6- The side view of cyclone with barrier and with internal lining.

Figure 7- The side view of cyclone with flat internal lining.

Figure 8- The view of the filter.

Figure 9- The side and top views of rotating carrying arm.

Figure 10- The rear view of the pneumatic harvesting machine with vibrating screening mechanism assembled on it.

Figure 11- The view of pneumatic harvesting machine connected to the tractor. The parts in the figures are numbered and the equivalents of these numbers are given below.

1. Tractor

2. Hydraulic side arms 3. Middle arm

4. P.T.O./Power Take Off Shaft

5. Machine chassis

6. Shaft

7. Direct Drive/Splined Shaft 8. a. Gearbox and shaft

8.b. Pulley and V-belt

9. Reductor and chain

10. Fan (Blower type)

11. Fan air intake 12. Fan air exhaust

13. Filter

14. Filter intake

15. Filter exhaust

16. Valve 17. Dust, soil, rubbish bin

18. Filter cover

19. Cleaning air valve

20. Drying air valve

21. Intermediate connection hoses 22. Rotating carrying arm

23. Bearing and shaft group

24. Bottom flange with hole

25. Top flange with hole

26. Tube with socket 27. Crops suction hose

28. Hose gun tip 29. Nozzle

30. Lighting armatures and audible warning mechanism

31. Storage unit

32. Drum with paddles 33. Air lock

34. Vacuum chamber with baffle and with hole

35. Unit suction inlet

36. Unit suction outlet

37. Vibrating screening mechanism 38. Flywheel and flywheel arm

39. Screen

40. Leaf outlet

41.a. Cyclone with barrier and internal lining 41.b. Cyclone with flat internal lining 42. Bin

The pneumatic harvesting machine is connected by known method to a tractor (1), preferably having a power rating of 60 HP or with more power without bringing additional cost and it operates pneumatically with the suction formed with the fan (10) operated, that is worked through the transfer of power that is being taken from the P.T.O./Power Take Off shaft (4) that exists on each tractor (1).

The chassis (5) of the harvesting machine which is formed by flat and bent plates and plates with holes together with I-profiles, angle profiles and O-profiles that holds together the all units and the crops bin (42) of the harvesting machine; is mounted on hydraulic side arms (2) that exist on both sides of this middle arm (3) and on the middle arm on the tractor (1); by inserting pins and thus connection to the tractor is realized.

Tractor (1) is operated and the P.T.O./Power Take Off Shaft (4) that exists on the tractor (1) and takes its movement from the mechanism on the tractor (1) engine; and the rotation on the P.T.O./Power Take Off Shaft (4) is transferred to the direct drive/splined shaft (7) on the machine chassis (5) through a shaft (6) which has knuckle joints on both sides. This direct drive/splined shaft (7) is an element which receives the rotation transferred by shaft (6) and transmit it to the power transmission organs.

Power transmission organs are pulley and V-belt (8.b), gearbox and shaft (8. a) and reductor and chain (9).

The gearbox and shaft (8. a) increase the rotation that is transmitted by direct drive/splined shaft (7) and provides the operation of the fan and other units present on the harvesting machine at the required rotational speeds.

The pulley and V-belt (8.b.) provides the units on the harvesting machine to operate at the required rotational speeds by increasing or decreasing through using the gearbox and shaft (8. a) or without utilizing gearbox and shaft (8. a).

With the help of reductor and chain (9), the high rotational speed power is transmitted to the units on the harvesting machine by pulley and V-belt (8.b).

The fan (10) is used on the harvesting machine to provide suction power. The radial bladed rotor in the fan (10), rotates at high speed and passes the air sucked from hose gun tip (28) together with the crops from the harvesting machine and transmits the dust, soil and rubbish mixed together with air from vent exit (12) to filter suction inlet (14).

The dust, soil and rubbish in the filter (13) that is taken from filter suction is collected in the dust, soil, rubbish bin on the filter (13). The air which is cleared from dust, soil, and rubbish reaches the filter suction outlet (15) to the fan air exit.

The hose gun tip (28) is mounted on the tip part of the crops suction hose (27) which is in the form of a spiral hose that is mounted on pipe with socket, present on the rotating carrying arm (22). At the end of the hose gun tip (28), the nozzle (29) is present. Thus, the crops that are to be harvested is being drawn into the machine by directing of the user the nozzle (29) present on the hose gun tip (28) onto the crops. The fan air inlet (11) is the section which provides the realization of the necessary connection for the transmission of the suction power created by the fan (10) into the harvesting machine.

The unit suction inlet (35) is the section which is on the stowage unit (31) and transmits the suction power obtained from the fan (10) taken from fan air intake (11) and transferred by the hose (21).

The vacuum bin (34) with baffles having holes on it, forms a vacuum chamber by dividing the volume between the unit suction outlet (36) and the drum with vanes (32) located within the stowage unit (31) by a baffle with holes. The holes of the baffle changes according to the crops sucked and is located inside the stowage unit (31). The baffle keeps the sucked crops inside the stowage unit (31) without escaping them into the fan (10) and passes the dust, soil and rubbish.

Reductor turns the air lock (33) and the chain turns the drum with vanes (32) in connection with this. The drum with vanes (32) prevents the heaping of the crops in front of the baffle with holes that come to the stowage unit with suction. The air lock (33) prevents the sucking of air from the crops exit gap which exists between the stowage unit (31) and the bin (42) where the harvested crops are collected which is on the chassis (5) of the harvesting machine. Air lock (33) is similar to the drum with vanes (32) in its structure; however, the rubber plates are mounted on the six each vanes and these rubber plates do not permit the leaking of air. Air lock (33), transfers the crops to the bin (42) that falls onto itself from the drum with vanes (32) by its own rotation. In this period, while the crops in between two vanes are discharged into the bin (42), other two vanes work as air lock (33) and the remaining vanes do wait for their turn in the operation.

Rotating carrying arm (22) rotates around its own axis and carries the crops suction hose (27) and is connected to the chassis (5) of the harvesting machine by a plate and is located on the harvesting machine.

Crops suction hose (27) is a plastic tube which has its one end connected to the tube with socket (26) and the other end is connected to the hose gun tip (28), which transfers the suction power to the hose gun tip (28) over the rotating carrying arm (22).

The tube with socket (26) is a tube which has its one end connected to the crops suction hose (27), and the other end is connected to the rotating carrying arm (22) that transmits the suction vertically.

The harvesting of various kinds of crops are being realized in the pneumatic harvesting machine by the utilization of stowage unit (31) and cyclone. The stowage unit (31) is preferably being used in the harvesting of cotton, olives, and rose leaves. By using cyclone in lieu of stowage unit (31), crops like shelled products like almonds and walnuts can preferably be harvested. Apart from this, grains, broad beans and dried fruits that have been stored in open or closed areas can be collected by clearing them from dust, soil and rubbish.

Pneumatic harvesting machine is being connected to the tractor (1) with the help of the middle arm (3) on the tractor (1) and hydraulic side arms (2) and the chassis (5) of the harvesting machine. The P.T.O./Power Take Off shaft (4) belonging to the tractor (1) is connected to the direct drive/splined shaft (7) on the chassis (5) of the harvesting machine with the help of a shaft (6). The tractor (1) is operated at a certain throttle setting and power is transmitted to the P.T.O./Power Take Off shaft (4). This power, is identically transmitted to the direct drive/splined shaft (7) on the chassis (5) of the harvesting machine through a shaft (6) and thus, the rotation of the direct drive/splined shaft (7) at the same speed with the P.T.O./power take off shaft (4). Thus the rotation is transmitted to the gearbox and shaft (8. a) and/or pulley and V-belt (8.b) and to the fan (10) and reductor and its chain (9). The rotational power is increased by the gearbox which is connected to the direct drive/splined shaft (7) and the shaft (8. a) and/or pulley and V-belt (8.b). The suction formed by the rotation of the radially vaned rotor inside the fan (10) with the increased rotational power, is taken from air suction end (11) and transmitted to the stowage unit (31) by the intermediate connection hose (21). The vacuum formed in the vacuum chamber with baffle with holes located in the stowage unit (31), reaches to nozzle (29) from unit suction inlet (35) through an intermediate hose (21) and the tube with socket (26) which is on the rotating carrying arm (22) in the horizontal and through the use of crops suction hose (27) which is vertically mounted on the tube with socket (26) and the hose gun tip (28).

The user of the pneumatic harvesting machine directs the nozzle (29) which is on the hose gun tip (28), and after enabling the sucking in the plant that is to be harvested with the help of nozzle (29) into the hose gun tip (28), the crops sucked from the hose gun tip (28), enters the stowage unit (31) from the unit suction inlet (35) after passing the crops suction hose (27) and tube with socket (26). The sucked crops, remains trapped in front of the vacuum chamber (34) with baffle with holes due to the vacuum formed in the vacuum chamber (34) with baffle with holes inside the stowage unit (31). The dust, soil and rubbish inside the sucked crops are sucked by vacuum and these pass through the baffle with holes, the unit suction outlet (36), the intermediate connection hose (21) and to the filter (13) through the filter suction inlet (14) and these are collected inside the dust, soil and rubbish bin (17). The crops that have been harvested and cleared from dust, soil and rubbish is trapped to the baffle with holes inside the stowage unit (31). The air lock (33) which is inside the stowage unit (31) is being rotated by the reductor and chain (9) which reduces the rotational power of gearbox and shaft (8. a) and/or pulley and V-belt (8.b). The shaft of the air lock (33) and the shaft of the drum with paddles (32) are externally interconnected with a chain gear and both of them do rotate at the same rotational speed. The drum with paddles (32) scrapes the crops that has been harvested from the baffle with holes and provides the pouring of them into the gap between the vanes of the air lock (33) which is located below the drum with vanes (32). Since the rubber plates mounted on the paddles of air lock (33), move by closely licking the internal surfaces of the stowage unit (31), no air circulation happens inside the stowage unit (31). While the air lock (33) is rotating, it pushes the crops to the bin (42) that have been harvested that fall onto itself. In this way, the pneumatic harvesting machine can thus be utilized for crops like cotton, etc. There is no condition that all the cocoons must be opened for the harvesting of crops.

Harvesting only from opened cocoons are being made. The harvesting is repeated upon opening of new cocoons formed on the plant. Therefore, harvesting is made continually and in a fast way by preventing the crops from conditions of nature that would affect the quality of the cotton. Since the cotton harvesting is made by vacuum, it does not harm the cotton fiber. Apart from this, the property of clearing the cotton from dust, soil and rubbish by the pneumatic system enables the cotton to attain a high level quality. Since chemicals that drop the leaves are not needed, a harvesting is made which is suitable for echological/organic cotton agriculture. No maneuvering area is needed for the harvesting machine to be able to operate in the filed. The movement and the turning maneuvering of the tractor (1) are sufficient for the operation of the pneumatic harvesting machine.

Separately, the pneumatic harvesting machine can be used for pneumatic harvesting of the colorful leaves of the flowers like rose, etc. when the baffle with hole in the vacuum chamber (34) inside the stowage unit is used with smaller holes which are scarcely placed on the baffle with hole.

If the harvesting machine is to be used for grainy agricultural crops like olives, etc. a plate that provides the crop to reach the bin (42) without damage is being placed between the stowage unit (31) and the bin (42) and a vibrating screening mechanism (37) for better cleaning of the harvested crops from its leaves. The crop that is to be harvested is being dropped onto the air lock (33) by the drum with paddles (32) as explained above, and them the crops are dropped onto the vibrating screening mechanism (37) by the air lock (33) inside the stowage unit (31). The vibrating screening mechanism (37) is formed of two successive screens placed on top of each other where the top screen has wider holes.

Thus, the olive grains are provided to be separated/sized according to their sizes. The vibrating screening mechanism (37) obtains the necessary power from the reductor and chain (9). The connection of the vibrating screening mechanism (37) and reductor and chain (9) is made over the flywheel and the flywheel arm (38). The vibrating screening mechanism (37) vibrates with the movement of the flywheel and the flywheel arm (38) and the crops and their leaves that fall onto it by the air lock (33) inside the stowage unit (31) do make a movement of pushing on the screen (39). The crops pass through the holes of the screen (39) with this pushing movement and they fall onto the table which is present under the vibrating screening mechanism (37) and then they reach to the bin (42) over this table. The leaves that remain on the screen (39) do make a pushing movement due to the vibration on the screen and then they are disposed to the outside medium from the leaf discharge outlets (38) that are present at the two ends of vibrating screening mechanism (37).

The pneumatic harvesting machine collects the grainy crops like olives, etc. without damaging the body and the branches of the tree, and the grainy crops on the tree or those which have fallen onto the ground by clearing them from dust, soil and leaves and stores the crops by separating them into their sizes and without damaging them.

The pneumatic harvesting machine is being used for pneumatic harvesting of the almonds and walnuts on the tree and on the ground by using the cyclone and by providing the peeling of their external green crusts/covers.

The suction power that is being formed by turning the radial vaned rotor inside the fan (10) is taken from the fan suction inlet (11) and it is being transferred to the unit suction inlet (35) on the cyclone that is on the harvesting machine through an intermediate connection hose (21). The cyclone, that is being used for the harvesting of almonds-walnuts is a cyclone (41.a) which has internal lining means and which also has a barrier. The cyclone with internal lining means and barrier (41. a) has a structure, that is in the form of a conical shape which is cut at its end and which has barriers at its internal lining. There is no drum with paddles (32) in the cyclone with internal lining means and barrier (4 a), but there is only the air lock (33) that provides the transfer of crops that is being harvested to the bin and that takes its rotation from the reductor and chain (9).

The vacuum that is being formed inside the cyclone with internal lining means and barriers (41.a) reaches to the hose gun tip (28) and the nozzle (29) through the tube with socket (26) which is connected to the cyclone with internal lining means and barriers (41.a) and which is on the rotating carrying arm (22) on the horizontal and also through the crops suction hose (27) which is vertically mounted on this. The user of the almond-walnut harvesting machine directs the nozzle (29) to the crops that is to be harvested by holding the hose gun tip (28). The crops enter the cyclone with internal lining means and barriers (4 La) by passing through the crops suction hose (27) and tube with socket (26) after it is sucked by the hose gun tip (28). Some protrusions (barriers) are formed that protrude towards the outlet, inside the internal surface of the cyclone with internal lining means and barriers (4 La). The suction at the cyclone with internal lining means and barriers (41) forms an air turbulence inside the cyclone due to the structure of the cyclone. The crops that enter the cyclone are induced into the turbulence and start a very fast rotation while it is leaned over the cyclone with internal lining means and barriers (4 La). The crops move towards the bottom of the cyclone due to its own weight, and peeling of the external green cover/crust of the crops is provided since the crops are touching to each other and also by friction created between the crops and the barrier means inside the internal lining of the cyclone. The movement of the crops towards the bottom of the cyclone by rotation, terminates at the air lock (33) that is present at the bottom end of the cyclone. The duty of the air lock (33) is to send to crops to the bin (42) by turning the crops that fall onto itself and to prevent the suction of air from the bottom of the cyclone, with the help of rubber pallets on this wings. The air lock (33), takes its rotational power from the reductor and chain (9) mechanism. There are the peeled external green covers crusts of the crops and the dust, soil and rubbish that are taken into the machine during the harvesting, along with the crops themselves that rotate very fastly inside the cyclone The crops that is being harvested have the heaviest weight among these, and the crops take place in the closest position to the internal lining of the cyclone. Other materials do also rotate around the vertical axis of the cyclone in an orderly manner. While the crops that are being harvested, move towards the bottom of the cyclone due to their own weights, the other materials cannot resist the air suction at the unit suction outlet (36) due to their low weights and they are being taken to the filter (13) from filter suction inlet (14) through intermediate connection hose (21) and hence they are being collected in the dust, soil and rubbish bin (17).

By the use of a cyclone with flat internal lining means (4 Lb) instead of the cyclone with internal lining means and barriers (4 La) as mentioned above, the collection of grains, broad beans, and dried fruits that are stored in open or closed areas (42), are being facilitated by clearing them from dust, soil and rubbish. By the use of a cyclone with flat internal lining means (4 Lb) instead of the cyclone with internal lining means and barriers (4 La), the unwanted effects on the crops inside the cyclone are being eliminated.

When the crops that are collected in the bin (42) are wanted to be dried, the drying air valve (20) on the filter (13) is being opened and hence the air which is cleared from the dust, soil and rubbish is being transferred to the bin (42) through an intermediate connection hose (21). Apart from this, the filter (13) is being cleaned when the drying air valve (20) is closed and the cleaning air valve (19) is opened.

On the pneumatic harvesting machine, there is a piston that takes its power from the hydraulic section at the rear of the tractor, through an intermediate connection hose and there is a table which is connected to the piston by the help of the flywheel and flywheel arm (38). This table is provided to be moved downwards by the piston, and thus the crops present in the bin (42) are pressed downwards, thus the capacity of the bin (42) is being increased.

On the pneumatic harvesting machine, more than one stowage (31) and cyclone with internal lining means and barrier units (4 La) and cyclone with flat internal lining means (4 Lb) may be used simultaneously at the same time or they may be used separately. On the pneumatic harvesting machine there are auxiliary units that are to be used together with stowage unit (31) and cyclone with internal lining means and barrier (4 La) and cyclone with flat internal lining means (4 Lb). The rotating carrying arm (22) among these, makes a rotation around its own axis in the right and in the left positions of the tractor (1) and holds the crops suction hose (27) that it carries and the lighting armatures (30) on the suitable harvesting side of the tractor (1) in the field. The rotation of the rotating carrying arm (22) is being provided by the upper flange with hole (25) and the lower flange with hole (24) and the bearing and shaft group (23) that take place in between these. The lower flange with hole (24) is fixed and it is being connected to the stowage unit or to the cyclone by two each intermediate connection hoses (21). Apart from this, the rotating carrying arm (22) is connected to the chassis of the machine (5) from the lower surface of the lower flange with hole (24). The upper flange (25) which rotates with the help of bearing and shaft group (23) is connected to the crops suction hose by four each tubes with socket (26).

The lighting armature (30) is commanded from the 12V electric line from the tractor (1). The audible warning mechanism may be operated by the energy which is taken from the same energy line.

Claims

1. A pneumatic harvesting machine characterized by mounting on the tractor (1) with the help of the middle arm (3) on the tractor (1) and the hydraulic side arms (2) and the chassis (5) of the harvesting machine; and connected to the P.T.O./Power Take Off Shaft (4) on the tractor (1) and with the help of a shaft

(6) to the direct drive/splined shaft (7) on the chassis (5) of the machine; and the rotation formed on the P.T.O./Power Take Off Shaft (4) when the tractor is operated, is transmitted to the direct drive/splined shaft (7) on the chassis (5) of the harvesting machine; rotation of the direct drive/splined shaft (7) at the same speed as the P.T.O./Power Take Off Shaft (4) is provided; and this rotation is being transmitted to the gearbox and shaft (8. a) and pulley and V- belt (8.b) which are connected to the direct drive/splined shaft (7), to the fan (10); and the suction formed due to this increased rotation, and by rotating the rotor with radial vanes which is inside the fan (10), is being taken from the fan air suction inlet (11) and transferred by the intermediate connection hoses (21) and from unit suction inlet (35) by an intermediate connection hose (21) to the tube with socket (26), which is on the rotating carrying arm (22) in the horizontal, and through the crops suction hose (27), which is vertically mounted on the tube with socket (26), to the hose gun tip (28) and to the nozzle (29) and the fan ( 10) itself.

2. A pneumatic harvesting machine characterized by and which includes unit suction inlet (35), unit suction outlet (36), together with vacuum chamber (34) with baffle with holes, drum with paddles (32), and air lock (33) and the crops that has been sucked by the help of nozzle (29) and hose gun tip (28), and crops suction hose (27), tube with socket (26) and passing through the rotating carrying arm (22) and thus crops reaching to the unit suction inlet (35); and the crops being trapped in front of the vacuum chamber (34) with baffle with holes due to the vacuum formed inside the vacuum chamber (34) with baffle with holes which is in front of the unit suction outlet (36); and that the air lock (33) which is being rotated at reduced speed by the gearbox and the shaft (8.a) and/or pulley and V-belt (8.b) and the air lock (33) shaft which is being rotated by the external chain gear and the drum with paddles (32) shaft that rotates at the same speed; and scraping of the crops that has been trapped in front of the vacuum chamber (34) with baffle with holes, by the drum with paddles (32) which rotate at the same speed; and provides the crops to be poured onto the paddles of the air lock (33), which is under the drum with paddles (32) and pushes the crops that has been harvested to the underneath and hence sends the crops by an air lock to the bin (42) and has a stowage unit (31) in which the air lock; and characterized as such, and as indicated in Claim 1.

3. A pneumatic harvesting machine in which the dust, soil and rubbish are sucked by vacuum that is present in the crops that has been sucked which is trapped in front of the vacuum chamber (34) with baffle with holes, that is in front of the unit suction outlet (36), inside the stowage unit (31); and passes from the vacuum chamber (34) with baffle; and then passes successively through unit suction outlet (36) and connection hose (21) together with filter suction inlet (14); and filter suction inlet (14), filter suction outlet (15) which provide the collection of them in the dust, soil and rubbish bin; and the filter (13) which includes filter suction inlet (14), filter suction outlet (15) and dust, soil and rubbish bin (17); and characterized as such, and as indicated in

Claims 1 and 2.

4. A pneumatic harvesting machine in which the holes of the upper screen (39) are bigger than the holes of the lower (39) which are in between the stowage unit (31) and the bin (42); and is being formed by positioning more than one screens on top of each other; and has leaf discharge outlets (38) at its two ends; and vibrating of it is provided by the help of a flywheel and flywheel arm (38) and by being connected to a reductor and chain (9) and thus makes a pushing movement; and the air lock (33) which is inside the stowage unit (31) makes a pushing movement over the screen (39) to push the crops and the leaves that fall onto it; and thus achieves the fall of the crops that pass through the holes of the screen (39) and the reach of them to the bin (42) over this table; and provides the discharge of leaves by the vibrating screening mechanism (37) to the external medium, from the leaf discharge outlet (38) that remain on the screen (39) due to vibration; and characterized as such, and as indicated in Claims 1, 2 and 3.

5. A pneumatic harvesting machine as characterized by a plate which includes the holes of different shapes, numbers and sizes in the vacuum chamber (34) with baffle with holes and as indicated in Claims 1, 2 and 3.

6. A pneumatic harvesting machine which is in the conical shape with cut tip, that provides the transfer of harvested crops to be collected in the bin; and includes the air lock (33) which takes its rotational movement from reductor and chain (9) and has protrusions (vanes) from its internal surface towards the outer side; where the crops are sucked by the nozzle (29) and hose gun tip (28) and then passes through crops suction hose (27) and tube with socket (26); and an air turbulence is formed inside it due to its structure; where the crops start a fast rotation by the inducing of the turbulence; and where the crops lie on the internal surface; the crops then move downwards due to their own weights; and during this period, the crops get in continuous friction with each other and to the vanes/protrusions facility of the internal surface of the cyclone and thus their crusts/covers are peeled; and the crops that fall on the air lock are then collected in the bin (42) and this is being facilitated by the cyclone (4 La) with internal lining with protrusions/vanes, characterized as such and as indicated in the Claim 1.

7. A pneumatic harvesting machine as characterized by cyclone (4 Lb) with flat internal lining means in lieu of cyclone (4 La) with internal lining means with vanes/protrusions; and as indicated in Claim 1.

8. A pneumatic harvesting machine in which the crusts/covers of the crops as well as the dust, soil and rubbish along with the crops that rotate at high speed in the cyclone (4 La and 4 Lb) with internal lining with vanes/protrusions and with flat surface, and all are taken into the machine during the harvesting; do rotate in succession to each other around the vertical axis of the cyclone; while the crops are moving towards the bottom of the cyclone, due to their own weights; whereas the crusts/covers of the crops that are being harvested and the dust, soil and the rubbish are sucked due to their lightness in their weights; and sucked by the vacuum present at the unit suction outlet (36); that reach to the fan suction inlet (11), through an intermediate hose (21); and the peeled crusts/covers, soil and rubbish that pass from the filter suction inlet (14) are provided to be collected by the filter suction inlet (14), filter suction outlet (15) in the dust, soil and rubbish bin; and includes the filter (13), that covers the dust, soil and rubbish bin (17); and characterized as such and as indicated in the Claims 1, 6 and 7.

9. A pneumatic harvesting machine that keeps the tube with socket (26), crops suction hose (27), hose gun tip (28), and the nozzle (29) that it carries on the suitable harvest side of the tractor (1), in the field; and that rotates around its own axis with the bearing and shaft group (23) that takes place in between the upper flange (25) with hole and the lower flange (24) with hole; where the lower flange (24) with hole is fixed; connected to the stowage unit and the cyclone (4 La) with internal lining means with protrusions/vanes and the cyclone (4 Lb) with flat internal lining means, through more than one intermediate connection hoses (21); where the upper flange (25) with hole is rotated with the help of the bearing and shaft group (23) are connected with more than one tubes with sockets (26) to the crops suction hose (27); and mounted on the chassis of the machine; and the rotating carrying arm (22), that is being mounted from the lower surface of the lower flange with hole, characterized as such, and as indicated in Claims 1 through 8.